b.

heat flow causes the entropy change in the system

ChE 122 Finals Reviewer c. entropy change of an irreversible process is always greater than that of a reversible
process
d. an increase in entropy measures the loss in capacity of the universe to do work
Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics 1 e. entropy is constant during adiabatic process
Cruz, Alexander John 2009-40913 BSChE
9) Which of the following processes best describes a reversible process?
1) Which of the following is not an intensive property a. flow of a fluid in a pipe where viscous forces are present
a. specific volume c. internal energy e. molar enthalpy b. mixing of fluids of different temperature or pressure
b. temperature d. pressure c. flow of fluid through a sharp gradient such as a shock wave
d. uniform and slow expansion or compression of a fluid
2) Which of the following is not a state function? e. heat conduction process in which temperature gradient exists
a. Specific volume c. heat e. molar enthalpy
b. Temperature d. pressure 10) The change in entropy of a reversible cyclical process is
a. decreasing c. increasing e. positive
3) A mixture contains 25 mole percent n-pentane, 45 mole percent n-hexane, and 30 mole b. constant d. zero
percent n-heptane at 1 atm. What is the degree s of freedom of the mixture at its dew point?
a. 2 b. 3 c. 1 d. 0 e. 4 11) A gas contained within a piston and cylinder device undergoes an expansion. The total
entropy after the process is
4) Which is not true for an ideal gas? a. negative c. constant e. one
a. the pressure and temperature of an ideal gas approaches infinity b. positive d. zero
b. real as behaves as an ideal gas if its pressure approaches zero
c. the volume of each molecule of an ideal gas is so small compared to the total volume 12) The maximum amount of work can be produced by
of the container a. Brayton cycle c. Carnot refrigeration cycle e. Vapor compression
d. van der Waals attraction, IMF and the like are not present in ideal gas b. Otto cycle d. Carnot cycle cycle
e. the internal energy of an ideal gas is dependent on temperature only
13) Throttling process is used to describe continuous flow in a pipe occurring at constant
5) The following statements are true for a steady state flow process except a. entropy c. internal energy e. enthalpy
a. there is no change in the internal energy of the system b. temperature d. pressure
b. the mass of the system is constant with time
c. properties at all points remains unchanged 14) Which of the following set of cycle has the order of increasing COP?
d. the mass flow rate of the entering stream is equal to the mass flow rate of the exiting a. Air cycle, ordinary vapor compression cycle, vapor compression cycle with expansion
stream engine, Carnot cycle
e. the change in energy of the system is equal to the heat added to the system plus the b. Air cycle, vapor compression cycle with expansion engine, ordinary vapor compression
work done by the system cycle
c. Air cycle, Brayton cycle, Otto cycle, Carnot cycle
6) A process is said to be reversible if d. Brayton cycle, air cycle, Otto cycle, Carnot cycle
a. the system involves an ideal gas e. Air cycle, Brayton cycle, vapor compression cycle with expansion engine, Carnot cycle
b. there is no change in the energy of the system
c. the process is 100% efficient 15) The COP of a Carnot Refrigeration cycle operating at 10°F and 90°F is
d. there is no heat loss a. 0.1111 b. 0.1250 c. 5.875 d. 1.125 e. none of these
e. the net force driving the process is only differential in size thus it can be reversed

7) At 1 MPa and 900°C water exists as superheated vapor. If the boiling point of water at this 16) A steam boiler supplies 28,000 BTU/min of heat to a turbine in a steam power plant. If the
pressure is 179.9°C the degree of superheat is cycle has an efficiency of 31.2%, the work produced by the cycle is approximately equal to
a. 900°C b. 179.9°C c. 720.1°C d. 453.1°C e. none of these
a. 89,743.6 BTU/min c. 845,000 BTU/min e. 28,000 BTU/min
8) Which is not always true about entropy? b. 8,736 BTU/min d. 19,264 BTU/min
a. the entropy of the universe is constant
 28) Name the process that has no heat transfer
17) This is the general case when no specific condition other than reversibility are imposed. a. Isentropic c. isobaric e. polytropic
a. equilibrium c. polytropic e. none of these b. isothermal d. reversible
b. reversible d. adiabatic
29) A non-flow closed system contains 1 lb of an ideal gas (Cp = 0.24, C V = 0.17). The gas
18) A wet steam at 212°F has an enthalpy of 1024 BTU/lb. What is the quality of the steam? temperature is increased by 10°F while 5 BTU of work are done by the gas. What is the heat
a. 86.97% b. 13.03% c. 90% d. 10% e. none of these transfer in BTU?
19) A maximum work can be obtained using a. -3.3 b. -2.6 c. 6.7 d. 7.4 e. none of these
a. Otto engine c. Carnot refrigeration cycle e. none of these 30) For closed systems which undergo the same change in state by different processes, which of
b. Carnot engine d. Steam power plant the following statements is true?
a. The amounts of heat and work required differ from one process to another but the sum
20) A superheated steam at 300 psia has 90 degrees of superheat. What is the temperature of of Q and W is the same for all such processes.
that steam? b. The amounts of heat and work required are the same from one process to another.
a. 90°F b. 90°C c. 507°F d. 507°C e. none of these c. The amount of heat and work required differ from one process to another as well as the
sum of Q and W
21) In a compression process, the work requirement of an irreversible process is d. None of the above
always______that of a reversible process
a. greater than c. equal to e. none of these 31) Shaft work of -15 BTU/lb and heat transfer of -10 BTU/lb change enthalpy of the system by
b. less than d. cannot be determined a. -25 BTU/lb c. 5 BTU/lb e. -5 BTU/lb
b. -15 BTU/lb d. 15 BTU/lb
22) An ideal gas undergoes a reversible process wherein the gas is cooled from 150 to 70°C at
constant pressure. If CV = 3/2 R, what is the work done to the process? 32) A 3 hp refrigerator or heat pump operates between 0°F to 100°F. The maximum theoretical
a. 655 J/mol c. -998 J/mol e. none of these heat that can be transferred from the cold reservoir is nearest to
b. -655 J/mol d. 998 J/mol a. 7,600 BTU/hr c. 23,000 BTU/hr e. 35,000 BTU/hr
b. 13,000 BTU/hr d. 43,000 BTU/hr
23) In problem 22, the amount of heat involved in the process is
a. -998 J/mol c. -1663 J/mol e. none of these 33) The difference between the actual property value of a solution and the value it would have
b. 998 J/mol d. 1663 J/mol as an ideal solution at the same T and P and composition is called
24) A reversible engine working on the Carnot cycle has 5000 BTU/min supplied from a source a. residual c. partial property e. none of these
at a temperature of 800°F and rejects heat to a sink at a temperature of 70°F. The work b. excess d. Gibbs energy
developed by the engine is
a. 2897 BTU/min c. -4562 BTU/min e. none of these 34) Water falls from a reservoir at a flow rate of 1000 gpm from a height of 100 ft. If ½ the
b. -2897 BTU/min d. 4562 BTU/min energy is converted to electricity, how many 100 watt bulb can be lighted for 30 seconds?
a. 83 b. 94 c. 90 d. 47
25) What is the efficiency of the engine in no. 24?
a. 8.75% b. 57.94% c. 42.06% d. 91.25% e. none of these 35) A water storage tank assumes the supply of water into a factory. Water was supplied to the
tank through a booster pump installed in the water line. The theoretical pump horsepower
26) A monatomic ideal gas initially at 70°C and 1 bar, is compressed to 150°C. If it is a required is 3.25 hp. What is the monthly operating cost of the pump if electric power cost
reversible adiabatic process, calculate Q and W respectively on the average is P3.73/kWh? The pump is 65% efficient and operates for 12 hours a day.
a. P3,300 b. P7,000 c. P5,000 d. none of these
a. 0 and 998 J c. 0 and 1663 J e. none of these
b. 998 and -998 J d. 0 and -1663 J 36) The turbines in a hydroelectric plant are fed by water falling from a height of 30 m.
Assuming 95% efficiency for converting the potential to electrical energy, and 10 percent
27) If the process in no. 26 is carried out irreversibly with an efficiency of 80%, calculate ΔU loss of resulting power in transmission, how many metric tons of water per hour are
and W in J needed to keep a 100(W) light bulb burning?
a. 998 and 998 c. 998 and -1247.1 e. none of these a. 1.4 b. 1045 c. 0.39 d. 1.045
b. 998 and -998 d. 998 and 1247.1
 37) An adiabatic steady state steam turbine is being designed to serve as an energy source for a 5. An irreversible process
small electrical generator. The inlet to the turbine will be steam at 600°C and 1.0 bar with a. is the analog of linear frictionless motion in machines
a velocity of 100 m/s and a flow rate of 2.5 kg/s, the conditions at the turbine exit are b. is an idealized visualization of behavior of a system
400°C, 1 bar and gas velocity of 30 m/s. The rate at which work can be obtained from this c. yields the maximum amount of work
turbine is d. yields the amount of work less than that of a reversible process.
a. -1060.6 kW c. -1422 kW
b. 1060.6 kW d. 1422 kW 6. In a adiabatic process
a. heat transfer is zero b. temperature change is zero
38) Three pound moles of nitrogen at 70°F is contained in a rigid vessel. How much heat is c. work done is a path function d. enthalpy remains constant
added to raise its temperature to 230°F, if the vessel has a negligible heat capacity? Cp = 7
and CV = 5 7. Enthalpy ‘H’ is defined as
a. -2400 BTU b. 2400 BTU c. -800 BTU d. 800 BTU a. H = U – PV b. H = U – TS
c. H – U = PV d. none of these
39) Calculate the difference in entropy of 1 lbm water at 32°F and 1 atm pressure and 1 lbm at
212°F and 1 atm pressure. Assume the specific heat of water to be 1.0 over this range. 8. Efficiency of heat engine working on Carnot cycle between two temperature levels depends
a. 1.89 b. -1.89 c. 0.31 d. -0.31 upon
a. the two temperatures only b. the pressure of working fluid
40) In the summer, 200,000 BTU/hr is to be absorbed at 40°F in the house and rejected at c. the mass of the working fluid d. both mass and pressure of the working fluid
70°F in the underground coil. The theoretical minimum power requirement for cooling is
a. 12,000 BTU/hr c. 33,400 BTU/hr 9. What is the degree of freedom for a system comprising liquid water equilibrium with its vapor?
b. 150,000 BTU/hr d. 200,000 BTU/hr a. 0 b. 1
c. 2 d. 3
41) Air is to compressed irreversibly from an initial condition of 1 atm and 60°F to a final state
of 5 atm and 60°F by heating a constant volume followed by cooling at constant pressure. 10. Efficiency of a Carnot engine working between temperatures T 1 and T2 (T1 < T2 ) is
At these conditions, air may be considered an ideal gas having the constant heat capacities a. (T2 – T1) / T2 b. (T2 – T1) / T1
CV = 5 and Cp = 7 BTU/lbmol°F. The efficiency of each process is 80 percent compared c (T1 – T2) / T2 d. (T1 –T2) / T1
with the reversible operation, the amount of work required for the whole process is 11. For a constant pressure reversible process, the enthalpy ( ∆H) change of the system is
a. 3328 BTU b. -3328 BTU c. 5200 BTU d. -5200 BTU a. C vdT b. Cp dT
42) A steam turbine exhausts at 1 psia into a condenser. An amount of 20,000 lb/hr of steam at c. ∫ Cp dT d. ∫Cv dT
200 psia and 430°F is supplied per hour at the turbine which delivers 1000 hp. Neglecting
heat loss, the enthalpy (BTU/lb) of the steam entering the condenser is nearest to 12. Internal energy of an ideal gas
a. 1100 b. 1150 c. 1200 c. 1250 e. 1000 a. increases with increase in pressure
b. decreases with increase in temperature
c. is independent of temperature
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING THERMODYNAMICS d. none of these
1. Which of the following is an extensive property of a system?
a. heat capacity b. molal heat capactiy 13. Equation which relates pressure, volume, and temperature of a gas is called
c. pressure d. concentration a. Equation of state b. Gibbs Duhem equation
2. Which of the following is a thermodynamic property of a system? c. ideal gas equation d. none of these
a. concentration b. mass
c. temperature d. entropy 14. Isobaric process means a constant
a. temperature process b. pressure process
3. First law of thermodynamics is mathematically stated as c. volume process d. entropy process
a. dQ = dU + dW b. dQ = dU – dW
c. dU = dQ + dW d. dW = dQ – dU 15. Isentropic process means a constant
a. enthalpy process b. pressure process
4. First law of thermodynamics deals with c. volume process d. none of these
a. direction of energy transfer b. reversible process only 16. Throttling process is a constant
c. irreversible processes only d. none of these a. enthalpy process b. entropy process
c. pressure process d. none of these
17. The point at which all three phases co-exist is known as b. critical pressure to pressure
a. freezing point b. triple point c. pressure to pseudocritical pressure
c. boiling point d. none of these d. pseudocritical pressure to pressure

18. C, for an ideal gas 28. Compressibility factor-reduced pressure plot on reduced coordinates facilities
a. does not depend upon temperature a. use only one graph for all gases
b. is independent of pressure only b. covering of wider range
c. is independent of volume only c. easier plotting
d. is independent of both pressure and volume d. more accurate plotting

19. For an isothermal process the internal energy of a gas 29. Number of components (C) phase (P) and degrees of freedom (F) are related by Gibbs phase
a. increases b. decreases rule as
c. remains unchanged d. data insufficient can’t be predicted a. P + F – C = 2 b. C =P – F +2
c. F = C –P – 2 d. P = F – C –2
20. PV  = Constant (where,  = Cp / C v) is valid for
a. Isothermal process b. Isentropic process 30. Degrees of freedom at triple point will be
c. Isobaric process d. adiabatic process a. 0 b. 1
c. 2 d. 3
21. For an isothermal reversible compression of an ideal gas
a. only ∆U= 0 b. only ∆H = 0 31. Cp – Cv = R is valid for
c. ∆U = ∆H = 0 d. dQ – dU a. ideal gases b. all gases
c. gases at very high pressure d. gases at a very low temperature
22. As the time is passing, entropy of the universe
a. is increasing b. is decreasing 32. An isolated system can exchange
c. remains constant d. data insufficient, can’t be predicted a. matter with its surroundings
b. energy with its surroundings
23. Boyle’s law for gases states that c. neither matter nor energy with its surroundings
a. P  1/V when temperature is constant d. both matter and energy with its surroundings.
b. P 1/V when temperature and mass of the gas remains constant
33. Heat of formation of an element in its standard state is
c. P  V at a constant temperature and mass of the gas
a. 0 b. <0
d. P/V = constant, for any gas
c. >0 d. a function of pressure
24. The equation, PV = nRT is best obeyed by gases at
34. Heat of reaction is
a. low pressure and high temperature
a. dependent on pressure only
b. high pressure and low temperature
b. dependent on temperature only
c. low pressure and low temperature
c. dependent on both pressure and temperature
d. none of these
d. independent of temperature changes
25. Compressibility factor of a gas is
35. Second law of thermodynamics is concerned with
a. not a function of pressure b. not a function of its nature
a. amount of energy transferred
c. not a function of its temperature d. unity, if it follows PV = nRT
b. direction of energy transfer
c. irreversible process only
26. Critical compressibility factor for all substances
d. non-cyclic process only
a. are more less constant(vary from 0.2 to 0.3)
b. vary as square of the absolute temperature
36. The absolute entropy for all crystalline substances at absolute zero temperature
c. vary as square of the absolute pressure
a. is zero b. is negative
d. none of these
c. is more than zero d. can’t be determined
27. Reduced pressure of a gas is the ratio of its
a. pressure to critical pressure
37. Joule – Thomson coefficient is defined as 47. In a reversible process
a.  = ( ∂P/∂T)H b.  = ( ∂T/ ∂P)H a. TdS = dU + dW b. dU – dW = TdS
c.  = ( ∂U/ ∂T)H d.  – ( ∂U/ ∂P)H c. dW – dU = TdS d. TdS – dW – dU > 0

38. Mollier diagram is a plot of 48. In an irreversible process

a. temperature vs. enthalpy a. TdS = UdW = 0 b. dU – dW – TdS = 0
b. temperature vs. entropy c. TdS – dU – dW <0 d. TdS – dT + dW < 0
c. entropy vs. enthalpy
d. temperature vs. internal energy 49. Cv is given by
a. ( ∂U/ ∂T)v b. ( ∂U/∂V)T
39. Fill up the blank from among the following: c. ( ∂U/∂P)v d. (∂V/ ∂T)P
Near their critical temperature all gases, occupy volumes……… that of the ideal gas
a. less than b. same as 50. Third law of thermodynamics is concerned with
c. more than d. half a. the value of absolute entropy
b. energy transfer
40. Charles law for gases states that c. direction of energy transfer
a. V/T = constant b. V  1/T d. none of these
c. V 1/P d. PV/T = constant
51. Which of the following equation is obtained on combining 1 sT and 2nd law of thermodynamics,
41. Absolute zero temperature signifies for a system of constant mass?
a. minimum temperature attainable a. dU = TdS – PdV b. dQ = Cv dT + PdV
b. the temperature of the heat reservoir to which a Carnot engine rejects all the heat that is c. dQ = Cp dT + Vdp d. TdS = dU – PdV
taken in
c. the temperature of the heat reservoir to which a Carnot engine rejects no heat 52. The equation TdS = dU – PdV applies to
d. none of these a. single phase fluid of varying composition
b. single phase fluid of constant composition
42. Entropy is measure of c. open as well as closed systems
a. disorder of a system d. both b and c
b. orderly behavior of a system
c. only temperature changes of the system 53. For an exothermic reaction
d. none of these a. only enthalpy change (∆H)is negative
b. only internal energy change (∆U) is negative
43. For spontaneous changes in an isolated system( S = entropy ) c. both ∆H and ∆U are negative
a. dS = 0 b. dS < 0 d. enthalpy change is zero
c. dS> 0 d. dS = constant
54. If different processes are used to bring about the same chemical reaction, the enthalpy change is
44. For equilibrium process in an isolated system same for all of them.
a. dS = 0 b. dS < 0 a. Hess’s law b. Kirchhoff’s law
c. dS>0 d. dS = constant c. Lavoisier and Laplace law d. none of these

45. The four properties of a system via P,V,T,S are related by 55. Change of heat content when one mole of the compound is burnt in oxygen at constant
a. Gibbs-Duhem equation b. Gibbs-Helmholtz equation pressure is called
c. Maxwell’s equation d. none of these a. calorific value b. heat of reaction
c. heat of combustion d. heat of formation
46. For a constant volume process
a. dU = C pdT b. dU = Cv dT 56. Melting of wax is accompanied with
c. dQ = dU + pdV d. dW = pdV a. increase in entropy b. decrease in entropy
c. constant entropy d. none of these
57. Helmholtz free energy is defined as 68. Chemical potential is
a. A = H – TS b. A = U – TS a. an extensive property
c. A = H + TS d. none of these b. an intensive property
c. a force which derives the chemical system to equilibrium
58. Gibbs free energy (G) is defined as d. both b and c
a. G = U– TS b. G = H - TS
c. G = H + TS d. G = U+ TS 69. Chemical potential of its component of a system is given by
a. i = ( G/ni)T,P,ni b. i = ( A/ni)T,P,ni
59. Gibbs-Helmholtz equation is c. i = ( G/ni)T,P d. i = ( A/ni)T,P
a. ∆G = ∆H + T[ ∂( ∆G)/ ∂T]P
b. ∆G = ∆H – T∆T 70. Fill up the blanks from among the following alternatives;
c. d(U –TS)T ,V <0 The chemical potential for a pure substance ….. its partial molal free energy
d. dP/dT = ∆HVAP/ T∆VVAP a. more than b. less than
60. For a reversible process involving only pressure volume work c. equal to d. not related to
a. (dG)T, p<0 b. (dG)T, p>0 71. Partial molal quantities are important in the study of
c. (dG)T, p=0 d. (dA)T, v > 0 a. ideal gases b. ideal solutions
c. non-ideal mixtures d. a pure component
61. For an irreversible process involving only pressure volume work
a. (dG)T, p<0 b. (dG)T, p>0 72. Fugacity and pressure are numerically equal when the gas is
c. (dG)T, p=0 d. (dA)T, v > 0 a. in standard state b. at high temperature
c. at low temperature d. in ideal state
62. Pick out the correct equation relating G and A
a. G = A + PV b. G = U + A 73. The relation connecting the fugacities of various components in a solution with one another
c. G = A – TS d. G = A + TS and to composition at constant temperature and pressure is called
a. Gibbs-Duhem equation b. Van Laar equation
63. A chemical reaction will occur spontaneously at constant pressure and temperature, if free c. Gibbs-Helmholtz equation d. Margules equation
energy is
a. zero b. positive 74. The necessary condition for phase equilibrium in a multiphase system of N components is the
c. negative d. none of these a. chemical potential of all components should be equal in all phases
b. chemical potentials of all components should be same in a particular phase
64. Clapeyron equation deals with the c. sum of the chemical potentials of any given component in all the phases should be the
a. rate of change of vapor pressure with temperature same
b. effect of an inert gas on vapor pressure d. none of these
c. calculation of G for spontaneous phase change
d. temperature dependence of least of phase transition 75. Which of the following is not affected by temperature changes
a. fugacity b. activity co-efficient
65. In any spontaneous process c. free energy d. none of these
a. only G decreases b. only A decreases
c. both G and A decreases d. both G and A increases
76. The activity of an ideal gas is numerically
66. Pick out the Claussius-Clayperon equation from the following: a. more than it pressure b. less than its pressure
a. dP/dT = ∆ H/T ∆V b. ln P = - ∆H/ RT + constant c. equal to its pressure d. data insufficient can’t be predicted
c. ∆G = ∆H + T[ ∂ ( ∆G)/∂T]P d. none of these
77. Maximum work that could be secured by expanding the gas over a given pressure range is the
67. Free energy charges for two reaction mechanism X and Y are respectively – 15 and 5 units. It a. isothermal work b. adiabatic work
implies that X is c. isentropic work d. none of these
a. slower than Y b. faster than Y
c. three times slower than Y d. three times faster than Y 78. The point at which both liquid and gas phases are identical is called
a. critical point b. triple point
c. freezing point d. boiling point
 c. second law of thermodynamics
79. Equilibrium constant of a reaction varies with d. third law of thermodynamics
a. initial concentration of the reactant b. pressure
c. temperature d. none of these 89. Coefficient of Performance (COP) of a refrigerator is the ratio of
a. work required to refrigeration obtained
80. For an ideal solution, the value of activity coefficient is b. refrigeration obtained to the work required
a. 0 b. 1 c. lower to higher temperature
c. <1 d. >1 d. higher to lower temperature

81. Fugacity coefficient of a substance is the ratio of its fugacity to 90. In a working refrigerator value of COP is always
a. mole fraction b. activity a. 0 b. <0
c. pressure d. activity coefficient c. <1 d. >1

82. Van Laar equation deals with activity coefficients in 91. One ton of refrigeration capacity is equivalent to
a. binary solution b. ternary solution a. 50 k cal/hr b. 200 BTU/hr
c. azeotropic mixture only d. none of these c. 200 BTU/minute d. 200 BTU/day

83. In Joule-Thomson porous plug experiment 92. Which of the following have minimum value of COP for a given refrigeration effect?
a. enthalpy does not remain constant a. reverse Carnot cycle
b. the entire apparatus is exposed to surroundings b. ordinary vapor compression cycle
c. temperature remains constant c. vapor compression process with a reversible expansion engine
d. none of these d. air refrigeration cycle

84. Equilibrium constant 93. An ideal refrigerant should

a. decreases as the temperature increases for an exothermic reaction a. not have a subatmosphere vapor pressure at the temperature in the refrigerator coils
b. decreases as the temperature decreases for an exothermic reaction b. not have unduly high vapor pressure at the condenser temp.
c. will decrease with increasing temperature for a exothermic reaction c. both a and b
d. none of these d. none of these

85. As the entropy of the universe is increasing day by day the work producing capacity of a heat 94. Heat pump
engine is a. accomplishes only space heating in winter
a. not changed b. decreasing b. accomplishes only space cooling in summer
c. increasing d. data insufficient can’t be predicted c. accomplishes both a and b
d. work on Carnot cycle
86. Refrigeration cycle
a. violates second law of thermodynamics 95. Which of the following is not a common refrigerant
b. involves transfer of heat from low temperature to high temperature a. freon 12 b. ethylene
c. both a and b c. ammonia d. carbon dioxide
d. d. none of these
96. Domestic refrigerator usually works on
87. Ideal refrigeration cycle is a. Carnot refrigeration cycle
a. same as Carnot b. A refrigeration cycle
b. same as reverse Carnot cycle c. Absorption refrigeration cycle
c. dependent on refrigerant properties d. Vapor ejection refrigeration
b. the least efficient of all refrigeration processes 97. Refrigerants commonly used for domestic refrigerations are
a. ethyl chloride b. freon 12
88. Fundamental principle of refrigeration is based on c. propane d. CO2
a. zeroth law of thermodynamics
b. first law of thermodynamics
98. Air refrigeration cycle
a. is most efficient of all refrigeration 9. What is the degree of freedom for a system comprising liquid water equilibrium with its vapor?
b. has very low efficiency a. 0 b. 1
c. requires relatively quantities of air to achieve a significant amount of refrigeration c. 2 d. 3
d. both b and c 10. Efficiency of a Carnot engine working between temperatures T1 and T2 (T1 < T2 ) is
a. (T2 – T1) / T2 b. (T2 – T1) / T1
99. Coefficient to performance for a reversed Carnot cycle working between temperatures T 1 and T2 c (T1 – T2) / T2 d. (T1 –T2) / T1
(T1> T2) is 11. For a constant pressure reversible process, the enthalpy ( ∆H) change of the system is
a. T2 /(T1 - T2) b. T1 /(T1 – T2) a. C vdT b. Cp dT
c. (T2 – T1) / T1 d. (T1 – T2) /T2 c. ∫ Cp dT d. ∫Cv dT

100. Dry ice is 12. Internal energy of an ideal gas

a. moisture free ice b. solid helium e. increases with increase in pressure
c. solid carbon dioxide d. none of these f. decreases with increase in temperature
g. is independent of temperature
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING THERMODYNAMICS h. none of these
13. Equation which relates pressure, volume, and temperature of a gas is called
1. Which of the following is an extensive property of a system? a. Equation of state b. Gibbs Duhem equation
a. heat capacity b. molal heat capactiy c. ideal gas equation d. none of these
c. pressure d. concentration
14. Isobaric process means a constant
2. Which of the following is a thermodynamic property of a system? a. temperature process b. pressure process
a. concentration b. mass c. volume process d. entropy process
c. temperature d. entropy
15. Isentropic process means a constant
3. First law of thermodynamics is mathematically stated as a. enthalpy process b. pressure process
a. dQ = dU + dW b. dQ = dU – dW c. volume process d. none of these
c. dU = dQ + dW d. dW = dQ – dU
16. Throttling process is a constant
4. First law of thermodynamics deals with a. enthalpy process b. entropy process
a. direction of energy transfer b. reversible process only c. pressure process d. none of these
c. irreversible processes only d. none of these
17. The point at which all three phases co-exist is known as
5. An irreversible process a. freezing point b. triple point
e. is the analog of linear frictionless motion in machines c. boiling point d. none of these
f. is an idealized visualization of behavior of a system
g. yields the maximum amount of work 18. C, for an ideal gas
h. yields the amount of work less than that of a reversible process. e. does not depend upon temperature
f. is independent of pressure only
6. In a adiabatic process g. is independent of volume only
a. heat transfer is zero b. temperature change is zero h. is independent of both pressure and volume
c. work done is a path function d. enthalpy remains constant
19. For an isothermal process the internal energy of a gas
7. Enthalpy ‘H’ is defined as a. increases b. decreases
a. H = U – PV b. H = U – TS c. remains unchanged d. data insufficient can’t be predicted
c. H – U = PV d. none of these
8. Efficiency of heat engine working on Carnot cycle between two temperature levels depends 20. PV  = Constant (where,  = Cp / C v) is valid for
upon a. Isothermal process b. Isentropic process
a. the two temperatures only b. the pressure of working fluid c. Isobaric process d. adiabatic process
c. the mass of the working fluid d. both mass and pressure of the working fluid
21. For an isothermal reversible compression of an ideal gas 31. Cp – Cv = R is valid for
a. only ∆U= 0 b. only ∆H = 0 a. ideal gases b. all gases
c. ∆U = ∆H = 0 d. dQ – dU c. gases at very high pressure d. gases at a very low temperature

22. As the time is passing, entropy of the universe 32. An isolated system can exchange
a. is increasing b. is decreasing e. matter with its surroundings
c. remains constant d. data insufficient, can’t be predicted f. energy with its surroundings
g. neither matter nor energy with its surroundings
23. Boyle’s law for gases states that h. both matter and energy with its surroundings.
e. P  1/V when temperature is constant
f. P 1/V when temperature and mass of the gas remains constant 33. Heat of formation of an element in its standard state is
g. P  V at a constant temperature and mass of the gas a. 0 b. <0
h. P/V = constant, for any gas c. >0 d. a function of pressure

34. Heat of reaction is

24. The equation, PV = nRT is best obeyed by gases at e. dependent on pressure only
e. low pressure and high temperature f. dependent on temperature only
f. high pressure and low temperature g. dependent on both pressure and temperature
g. low pressure and low temperature h. independent of temperature changes
h. none of these
35. Second law of thermodynamics is concerned with
25. Compressibility factor of a gas is e. amount of energy transferred
e. not a function of pressure b. not a function of its nature f. direction of energy transfer
c. not a function of its temperature d. unity, if it follows PV = nRT g. irreversible process only
h. non-cyclic process only
26. Critical compressibility factor for all substances
e. are more less constant(vary from 0.2 to 0.3) 36. The absolute entropy for all crystalline substances at absolute zero temperature
f. vary as square of the absolute temperature a. is zero b. is negative
g. vary as square of the absolute pressure c. is more than zero d. can’t be determined
h. none of these
37. Joule – Thomson coefficient is defined as
27. Reduced pressure of a gas is the ratio of its a.  = ( ∂P/∂T)H b.  = ( ∂T/ ∂P)H
a. pressure to critical pressure b. critical pressure to pressure c.  = ( ∂U/ ∂T)H d.  – ( ∂U/ ∂P)H
c. pressure to pseudocritical pressure d. pseudocritical pressure to pressure
38. Mollier diagram is a plot of
28. Compressibility factor-reduced pressure plot on reduced coordinates facilities e. temperature vs. enthalpy
e. use only one graph for all gases f. temperature vs. entropy
f. covering of wider range g. entropy vs. enthalpy
g. easier plotting h. temperature vs. internal energy
h. more accurate plotting
39. Fill up the blank from among the following:
29. Number of components (C) phase (P) and degrees of freedom (F) are related by Gibbs phase Near their critical temperature all gases, occupy volumes……… that of the ideal gas
rule as a. less than b. same as
a. P + F – C = 2 b. C =P – F +2 c. more than d. half
c. F = C –P – 2 d. P = F – C –2
40. Charles law for gases states that
30. Degrees of freedom at triple point will be a. V/T = constant b. V  1/T
a. 0 b. 1 c. V 1/P d. PV/T = constant
c. 2 d. 3
41. Absolute zero temperature signifies 87. The equation TdS = dU – PdV applies to
e. minimum temperature attainable e. single phase fluid of varying composition
f. the temperature of the heat reservoir to which a Carnot engine rejects all the heat that is f. single phase fluid of constant composition
taken in g. open as well as closed systems
g. the temperature of the heat reservoir to which a Carnot engine rejects no heat h. both b and c
h. none of these
42. Entropy is measure of 88. For an exothermic reaction
e. disorder of a system e. only enthalpy change (∆H)is negative
f. orderly behavior of a system f. only internal energy change (∆U) is negative
g. only temperature changes of the system g. both ∆H and ∆U are negative
h. none of these h. enthalpy change is zero
43. For spontaneous changes in an isolated system( S = entropy )
a. dS = 0 b. dS < 0 89. If different processes are used to bring about the same chemical reaction, the enthalpy change is
c. dS> 0 d. dS = constant same for all of them.
a. Hess’s law b. Kirchhoff’s law
44. For equilibrium process in an isolated system c. Lavoisier and Laplace law d. none of these
a. dS = 0 b. dS < 0
c. dS>0 d. dS = constant 90. Change of heat content when one mole of the compound is burnt in oxygen at constant
pressure is called
45. The four properties of a system via P,V,T,S are related by a. calorific value b. heat of reaction
a. Gibbs-Duhem equation b. Gibbs-Helmholtz equation c. heat of combustion d. heat of formation
c. Maxwell’s equation d. none of these
91. Melting of wax is accompanied with
46. For a constant volume process a. increase in entropy b. decrease in entropy
a. dU = C pdT b. dU = Cv dT c. constant entropy d. none of these
c. dQ = dU + pdV d. dW = pdV
92. Helmholtz free energy is defined as
82. In a reversible process a. A = H – TS b. A = U – TS
a. TdS = dU + dW b. dU – dW = TdS c. A = H + TS d. none of these
c. dW – dU = TdS d. TdS – dW – dU > 0
93. Gibbs free energy (G) is defined as
83. In an irreversible process a. G = U– TS b. G = H - TS
a. TdS = UdW = 0 b. dU – dW – TdS = 0 c. G = H + TS d. G = U+ TS
c. TdS – dU – dW <0 d. TdS – dT + dW < 0
94. Gibbs-Helmholtz equation is
84. Cv is given by e. ∆G = ∆H + T[ ∂( ∆G)/ ∂T]P
a. ( ∂U/ ∂T)v b. ( ∂U/∂V)T f. ∆G = ∆H – T∆T
c. ( ∂U/∂P)v d. (∂V/ ∂T)P g. d(U –TS)T ,V <0
h. dP/dT = ∆HVAP/ T∆VVAP
85. Third law of thermodynamics is concerned with
e. the value of absolute entropy 95. For a reversible process involving only pressure volume work
f. energy transfer a. (dG)T, p<0 b. (dG)T, p>0
g. direction of energy transfer c. (dG)T, p=0 d. (dA)T, v > 0
h. none of these
96. For an irreversible process involving only pressure volume work
86. Which of the following equation is obtained on combining 1 sT and 2nd law of thermodynamics, a. (dG)T, p<0 b. (dG)T, p>0
for a system of constant mass? c. (dG)T, p=0 d. (dA)T, v > 0
a. dU = TdS – PdV b. dQ = Cv dT + PdV 97. Pick out the correct equation relating G and A
c. dQ = Cp dT + Vdp d. TdS = dU – PdV a. G = A + PV b. G = U + A
c. G = A – TS d. G = A + TS
 c. Gibbs-Helmholtz equation d. Margules equation
98. A chemical reaction will occur spontaneously at constant pressure and temperature, if free
energy is 109. The necessary condition for phase equilibrium in a multiphase system of N components is
a. zero b. positive the
c. negative d. none of these e. chemical potential of all components should be equal in all phases
f. chemical potentials of all components should be same in a particular phase
99. Clapeyron equation deals with the g. sum of the chemical potentials of any given component in all the phases should be the
e. rate of change of vapor pressure with temperature same
f. effect of an inert gas on vapor pressure h. none of these
g. calculation of G for spontaneous phase change
h. temperature dependence of least of phase transition
100. In any spontaneous process 110. Which of the following is not affected by temperature changes
a. only G decreases b. only A decreases a. fugacity b. activity co-efficient
c. both G and A decreases d. both G and A increases c. free energy d. none of these

101. Pick out the Claussius-Clayperon equation from the following: 111. The activity of an ideal gas is numerically
a. dP/dT = ∆ H/T ∆V b. ln P = - ∆H/ RT + constant a. more than it pressure b. less than its pressure
c. ∆G = ∆H + T[ ∂ ( ∆G)/∂T]P d. none of these c. equal to its pressure d. data insufficient can’t be predicted

102. Free energy charges for two reaction mechanism X and Y are respectively – 15 and 5 units.
It implies that X is 112. Maximum work that could be secured by expanding the gas over a given pressure range is
a. slower than Y b. faster than Y the
c. three times slower than Y d. three times faster than Y a. isothermal work b. adiabatic work
c. isentropic work d. none of these
103. Chemical potential is
b. an extensive property 113. The point at which both liquid and gas phases are identical is called
f. an intensive property a. critical point b. triple point
g. a force which derives the chemical system to equilibrium c. freezing point d. boiling point
h. both b and c
114. Equilibrium constant of a reaction varies with
104. Chemical potential of its component of a system is given by a. initial concentration of the reactant b. pressure
a. i = ( G/ni)T,P,ni b. i = ( A/ni)T,P,ni c. temperature d. none of these
c. i = ( G/ni)T,P d. i = ( A/ni)T,P
115. For an ideal solution, the value of activity coefficient is
105. Fill up the blanks from among the following alternatives; a. 0 b. 1
The chemical potential for a pure substance ….. its partial molal free energy c. <1 d. >1
a. more than b. less than
c. equal to d. not related to 116. Fugacity coefficient of a substance is the ratio of its fugacity to
a. mole fraction b. activity
106. Partial molal quantities are important in the study of c. pressure d. activity coefficient
a. ideal gases b. ideal solutions
c. non-ideal mixtures d. a pure component 82. Van Laar equation deals with activity coefficients in
a. binary solution b. ternary solution
107. Fugacity and pressure are numerically equal when the gas is c. azeotropic mixture only d. none of these
a. in standard state b. at high temperature
c. at low temperature d. in ideal state 101. In Joule-Thomson porous plug experiment
e. enthalpy does not remain constant
108. The relation connecting the fugacities of various components in a solution with one f. the entire apparatus is exposed to surroundings
another and to composition at constant temperature and pressure is called g. temperature remains constant
a. Gibbs-Duhem equation b. Van Laar equation h. none of these
102. Equilibrium constant 111. An ideal refrigerant should
e. decreases as the temperature increases for an exothermic reaction e. not have a subatmosphere vapor pressure at the temperature in the refrigerator coils
f. decreases as the temperature decreases for an exothermic reaction f. not have unduly high vapor pressure at the condenser temp.
g. will decrease with increasing temperature for a exothermic reaction g. both a and b
h. none of these h. none of these

103. As the entropy of the universe is increasing day by day the work producing capacity of a 112. Heat pump
heat engine is e. accomplishes only space heating in winter
a. not changed b. decreasing f. accomplishes only space cooling in summer
c. increasing d. data insufficient can’t be predicted g. accomplishes both a and b
h. work on Carnot cycle
104. Refrigeration cycle
e. violates second law of thermodynamics 113. Which of the following is not a common refrigerant
f. involves transfer of heat from low temperature to high temperature a. freon 12 b. ethylene
g. both a and b d. none of these c. ammonia d. carbon dioxide

105. Ideal refrigeration cycle is 114. Domestic refrigerator usually works on

c. same as Carnot e. Carnot refrigeration cycle
b. same as reverse Carnot cycle f. A refrigeration cycle
c. dependent on refrigerant properties g. Absorption refrigeration cycle
d. the least efficient of all refrigeration processes h. Vapor ejection refrigeration

106. Fundamental principle of refrigeration is based on 115. Refrigerants commonly used for domestic refrigerations are
e. zeroth law of thermodynamics b. ethyl chloride b. freon 12
f. first law of thermodynamics c. propane d. CO2
g. second law of thermodynamics
h. third law of thermodynamics
116. Air refrigeration cycle
107. Coefficient of Performance (COP) of a refrigerator is the ratio of e. is most efficient of all refrigeration
e. work required to refrigeration obtained f. has very low efficiency
f. refrigeration obtained to the work required g. requires relatively quantities of air to achieve a significant amount of refrigeration
g. lower to higher temperature h. both b and c
h. higher to lower temperature
117. Coefficient to performance for a reversed Carnot cycle working between temperatures T 1
108. In a working refrigerator value of COP is always and T2 (T1> T2) is
a. 0 b. <0 a. T2 /(T1 - T2) b. T1 /(T1 – T2)
c. <1 d. >1 c. (T2 – T1) / T1 d. (T1 – T2) /T2

109. One ton of refrigeration capacity is equivalent to 118. Dry ice is

a. 50 k cal/hr b. 200 BTU/hr a. moisture free ice b. solid helium
c. 200 BTU/minute d. 200 BTU/day c. solid carbon dioxide d. none of these

110. Which of the following have minimum value of COP for a given refrigeration effect?

UNO KA NA! 
e. reverse Carnot cycle
f. ordinary vapor compression cycle
g. vapor compression process with a reversible expansion engine
h. air refrigeration cycle