N-Methyl-2-Pyrrolidone

N-Methyl-2-Pyrrolidone (NMP) is a polar solvent with outstanding characteristics. It has a wide range of
applications because it offers very high solvency, high boiling point, low freezing point, and ease of
handling. It is used in a variety of industries and applications, such as paint and coating removal,
petrochemical processing, engineering plastics coatings, agricultural chemicals, electronic cleaning and
industrial/domestic cleaning. Other names are G N-Methyl-2-Pyrrolidone, 1-Methyl-2-Pyrrolidone, 1-
Methyl-Pyrrolidine-2-one, N-Methyl-2-Pyrrolidinone

Characteristics
NMP is a 5-member-ring compound containing nitrogen. It has a wide range of uses due to the
following excellent characteristics.

 It is highly polar and miscible with most organic solvents (alcohols, ethers, ketones, aromatic
hydrocarbons, chlorinated hydrocarbons, etc.). Organic and inorganic substances are highly
soluble in it.
 It mixes with water in all proportions.
 It has a high flash point compared to similar solvents.
 The boiling point is high, the freezing point is low, and handling is easy.
 It is chemically and thermally stable, and not corrosive.

Properties
Chemical formula: C5H9NO
Molecular Weight: 99.14
Appearance: Clear colorless liquid
Odor: Faint amine smell
Specific Gravity (25/4℃): 1.027
Viscosity (mPa･s): 1.89（25℃）
Boiling Point (℃): 204
Freezing Point (℃): -23
Vapor specific gravity: 3.4
Flash Point (℃): 99 (open cup)
Autoignition Temperature (℃): 252

Applications
1. Electronics
 Wax, flux removal
 Burr removal
 Electronic parts cleaning
 Semiconductor parts cleaning
 Solvent for lithium battery manufacturing
 Semiconductor photo-resist thinner
 Color filter photo-resist thinner

2. Automotive
 Mold cleaning
 Metal (parts) cleaning
3. Chemical
 Extract agent (acetylene, BTX, butadiene)
 Synthetic resin surface coating solvent
 Reaction solvents (PPS, polyimide, etc.)
 Equipment washing

4. Optical
 Plastic lens manufacturing equipment cleaning

5. Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Chemicals

 Water-soluble solvent
 Cleaning
 Extraction

Dimetheylacetamide
Dimethylacetamide (DMAc) is a colorless, high boiling, polar, hygroscopic liquid. DMAC is a good solvent
for a wide range of organic and inorganic compounds and it is miscible with water, ethers, esters,
ketones and aromatics compounds. It is used in the production of polyacrylonitrile and polyurethane
based fibers, films and coatings. The polar nature of DMAC enables it to act as a combined solvent and
reaction catalyst in many reactions producing high yields and pure product in short time periods. DMAc
is a dipolar aprotic solvent used for many organic reactions and industrial applications. It is a versatile
solvent due to its high boiling point and good thermal and chemical stability.

Properties
Chemical Formula: CH3CON(CH3)2
Molecular Weight: 87.12
Appearance: Colorless liquid
Odor: Smell of Ammonia
Specific Gravity (liquid 25℃/4℃): 0.9366
Boiling Point (℃ 760mmHg): 165.5
Freezing Point (℃ 760mmHg): -20
Flash Point (℃ Tagliabue (Tag) Closed Cup): 66
Ignition Temperature (℃): 490
Flammability Limits (vol%): 2.0-11.5
Vapour Pressure (mmHg 25℃): 1.3
Viscosity (CP 25℃): 0.92
Solubility: Readily soluble in water and ethanol
Stability & Reactivity: Stable under temperature; produces harmful fume when heated and
decomposed; soluton is corrosive.

Applications
1. Acrylic fibres
DMAC is applied as solvent in wet spinning processes for the production of acrylic fibres.
2. Elasthane fibres
In the production of polyurethane-based elasthane fibres, DMAC is the solvent of choice given its
evaporation speed, whether it is used in wet or dry spinning processes.

3. Pharmaceuticals
DMAC can be used both as a solvent and as a reagent in the production of various pharmaceuticals. In
the production of novel x-ray contrast media, DMAC is used as a solvent. Cephalosporins, which are
among one of the leading classes of antibiotics, are partly produced from derivatives of 7-ADCA (7-
aminodeacetoxy-cephalosporanic acid). DMAC is used in the manufacturing process.

4. Various polymers
DMAC is a good solvent for polyimide resins, both in coating and film production. It is also the ideal
solvent for the production of dialyser membranes, based on polysulfones. A mixture of DMAC and
lithium chloride is a useful solvent for cellulose fibres in several applications.

Sources:
https://www.m-chemical.co.jp/en/products/departments/mcc/c4/product/1201005_7922.html
https://www.epa.gov/assessing-and-managing-chemicals-under-tsca/fact-sheet-n-methylpyrrolidone-
nmp
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone
https://www.webmd.com/drugs/2/drug-158204/dimethylacetamide-bulk/details
https://www.chemicalbook.com/ChemicalProductProperty_EN_CB8853004.htm
http://www.chemspider.com/Chemical-Structure.29107.html
https://www.eastman.com/Pages/ProductHome.aspx?product=71103648
https://www.mgc.co.jp/eng/products/nc/dimethylacetamide.html
http://www.commonorganicchemistry.com/Common_Reagents/Dimethylacetamide/Dimethylacetamid
e.htm
https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/DIMETHYLACETAMIDE#section=Drug-and-Medication-
Information
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dimethylacetamide