BDS 3rd Year

Oral Pathology

TOS wise separated Short Essay Questions from past papers.

Prepared By: Muhammad Ramiz, NID

Admin at BDS point

01_Developmental disturbances of oral & para oral structures &

03_Soft tissue pathology

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2014 Supply_

3_

a) What is the difference between Gemination, Fusion, Concrescence and Dilaceration?

b) Briefly discuss the management of Dens Invaginatus.

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2014 Annual_

9_ Differentiate between:

a) Craniofacial dysostosis and mandibulo-facial dysostosis.

b) Gemination and fusion

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2013 Supply_

1_ Dental student brought a patient with a periapical radiograph presenting a globe shape projection of enamel in the region of
central groove between the buccal and lingual cusps of premolars. He described it as Dens evaginatus. How you will differentiate it
from Dens invaginatus?

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2012 Supply_

11_ A routine radiograph revealed a mandibular bicuspid with thickened and reels demonstrating hypercementosis.

a) Enumerate the causes of hypercementosis.14

b) What is the idiopathic resorption(need to confirm the word)? What are the radiographic and histopathologic features?15

Solution:
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2011 Annual_

1_ A patient presented with pitting type defects on enamel of some anterior teeth.

a) What other features will confirm it as “Acquired enamel hypoplasia”?16

b) Give its causes.16

Solution:

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2008 Supply_

1_ Describe the clinical and radiological features associated with Crouzon syndrome (Craniofacial dysostosis)?38

Solution:

2_ Explain the following developmental anomalies:

a) Concrescence

b) Fusion

c) Gemination.

Solution:

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2008 Annual_

1_ Describe the conditions associated with delayed eruption of teeth.05

Solution:

2_ Write the important features of:29,30

a) Leukoedema

b) Fordyce granules

Solution:

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2007 Supply_

8_ What are the different types of amelogenesis imperfect?

Solution:
11_

a) What is the role of fluoride on teeth?

b) How will you grade its effects?

Solution:

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2007 Annual_

2_

a) What is the difference between densinvaginate and densevaginate?

b) Give clinical significance of each.

Solution:

3_ Give distinctive features of dental fluorosis.

Solution:

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Prayers for Muhammad Ramiz Khawaja, NID, Multan.

02_Epithelial Pathology
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2014 Supply_

15_ A 54-year-old female developed an ulcerating growth on the lateral border of tongue which was diagnosed as squamous cell
carcinoma on histopathology.

a) Give the microscopic features with prognosis of any 2 histopathological varities of squamous cell carcinoma.

b) How will you stage the disease according to the TNM system?

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2014 Annual_

14_ Draw and label:

a) Squmaous cell papilloma

b) Schwannoma
6_ A 50-year-old male with history of snuff usage, presented with a thick white patch on the alveolar mucosa.

a) What are the criteria used for diagnosing dysplasia under the microscope.

b) How will you differentiate it from carcinoma?

c) How will you grade the dysplastic lesion?

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2013 Supply_

2_ A middle age old male presents with complain of mass in his palate. On examination there is a “Blue Pigmented” mass on the
postero-lateral hard palate. Swelling is non tender and 3 cm in greatest dimension:

a) What is your diagnosis? NEVI

b) What are the principle histopathological features of the tumor in this location having clear cells?

12_A patient presented with a slow growing painless swelling in the right side of cheek from one year which now has become ulcer.

What histological feature will help you to differentiate between benign and malignant oral tumors?

Solution:

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2013 Annual_

2_ During microscopic examination of a tissue, what findings will help to diagnose it as Squamous Papilloma? Enumerate the other
oral benign epithelial lesions.

Solution:

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2012 Supply_

10_ A 35-year-old presented with nodular lesion in the upper left retromolar area. Biopsy revealed a spindle cell sarcoma with 8-9
mitoses/10hpf. Give atleast 3 differential diagnoses and explain on basis of histopathology and immunohistochemistry.195

Solution:

15_ A 55-year-old male came with a grey white ulceration lesion on the lower hip. Squamous cell carcinoma. What is the etiology
and pathogenesis of squmamous cell carcinoma?

Solution:

2012 Annual_

10_ A 35-year-old female presents with bilateral fibrotic bands on her buccal mucosa with severe limitation of her mouth opening.
She has a history of betal quid chewing for the last 10 years.
 a) What is the most likely diagnosis?179

b) What microscopic features would you expect to find in her biopsy specimen?180

Solution:

11_ A 55-year-old male was diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma of the lateral border of tongue. How will you stage the lesions
of management?194

Solution:

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2011 Annual_

2_ Specimen from a Leucoplakiac area under the tongue is being seen under microscope.

a) What features will diagnose it as epithelial dysplasia.181

b) Which features will make it as “Squamous cell carcinoma”? 183

Solution:

5_ A female of 46 years, at post menopausal stage, presented with complaint of severe burring of tongue and cheeks on taking
chilies. Severity of complaint increases during tension periods.180

a) What is most likely diagnosis?

b) What features will confirm your diagnosis?

Solution:

14_ Patient presented with red and white patches on cheeks, he is worried that a doctor told him that it is a pre-malignant condition.

a) Give its other features.165,174

b) Enumerate 4 other premalignant lesions of oral cavity.164,175

Solution:

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2009 Annual_

1_ Biopsy report of a patient has diagnosed the lesion as ‘oral basal cell carcinoma”. Write 6 various variants with two important
features of each.194

Solution:

2_ You have seen a patient with red and white lesion in the oral cavity; you are advised to explain the patient that erythroplakia is
premalignant condition. What main clinical and histopathological feature you will like to tell him?183

Solution:
3_ What are the ABCD features of malignant melanoma? Give 4 histopathological features.200

Solution:

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2008 Supply_

3_ Enumerate the benign pigmented lesion; describe the important features of Peut-jeghers syndrome.164,173

Solution:

4_ Explain the various variants of Oral Basal Carcinoma.199

Solution:

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2008 Annual_

4_183

a) Why erythroplakia is premalignant?

b) Explain its clinical features with histopathology.

Solution:

3_ A young dark skin pregnant female reported with symmetric hyperpigmented macules on the cheeks, the upper lip, the chin and
the forehead.

a) What may be the causes of this pigmentation?

b) Describe pathophysiology with your diagnosis.

Solution:

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2007 Supply_

1_

a) Enumerate non surgical techniques of biopsy.

b) Write 2 methods of biopsy used for screening of community for oral cancer and pre cancerous lesions.

Solution:

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2007 Annual_

12_ Give 6 features of epithelial dysplasia.

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Prayers for Muhammad Ramiz Khawaja, NID, Multan.

04_Bone Pathology
2014 Supply_

9_ Differentiate the radiographic and histopathological features of:

a) Osteochondroma.

b) Osteoid Osteoma.

c) Osteoporosis

Solution:

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2014 Annual_

3_ A 7-year-old girl presented in the OPD with bilateral painless swelling of her mandible. She had the particular expression of “eyes
upturned to heaven”.

a) What is the diagnosis and histopathology?

b) Give the differential diagnosis based on histopathology.

Solution:

12_ Compare the radiographic and histopathologic features of:

a) Brown’s tumor

b) Osteosarcoma

c) Fibrous dysplasia

Solution:

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2013 Supply_

5_ A 6-year-old girl presents with dental pain. On examination, her teeth are discolored and worn down. Her panoramic radiograph
shows osteopenia bowing, and angulation. She has a history of previous bone fractures and was of short stature of her age.

a) Which genetic bone disorder should be suspected?

b) What signs should be apparent on extra-oral examination of the face?

 c) Which gene is likely to be mutated?

d) Which dental disorders are present?

Solution:

6_ A 58-year-old woman noticed that her front teeth had become spaced and seeks advise from her dentist. On entering the surgery,
the dentist notices that she has difficulty in walking and does not respond to his questions. She becomes increasingly deaf and her
vision has also deteriorated. On examination, the maxilla and zygoma are enlarged and there is enlargement of the forehead.

a) What diagnosis would you suspect?

b) What are the important histological features of this disorder?

Solution:

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2013 Annual_

3_ A 20-year-old woman went to her dentist because of facial asymmetry. This had occurred gradually over a period of 3 years. The
patient had no symptoms. A diffusely Opaque lesion was found in her right maxilla. All lab tests (CBC, Alkaline phosphatase, Calcium)
were within normal limits.

Biopsy was interpreted as a fibro-osseous lesion.

a) What is your diagnosis?

b) What are the histopathological features of your diagnosis?

15_ A 25-year-young patient reported with blue sclera, bone fragility, low bone mass hyperlaxity of ligaments/skin and increased
alkaline phosphates. Give your diagnosis and important skeletal, extra skeletal and oral manifestation associated with it.

Solution:

4_ Patient presented with bilateral bony hard swelling on lingual side of premolars since long time. What is the most likely diagnosis
giving other similar conditions? What problems can be created by such conditions?

Solution:

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2012 Supply_

5_ A male presented with gradual expansion of the mandible with widening of interdental spaces.

What are the radiographic and histopathologic features of:

a) Osteosarcoma.127

b) Ewing’s sarcoma.130

14_ A 65-year-old female with markedly reduced bone density was diagnosed with osteoporosis.

a) What is the diagnosis?

b) What are the etiological factors?

Solution:
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2012 Annual_

7_

a) What do you understand by fibro-osseous lesion of the Jaw?95

b) Give clinical features with radiographic appearance of fibro-osseous lesions of the jaw.96….

Solution:

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2011 Annual_

3_ An 8-year-old girl presented with painless slowly increasing unilateral maxillary asymmetry. What features will confirm it as
fibrous dysplasia?99

Solution:

15_ A child is having Osteopetrosis. Define this condition and what are the complications associated with it?110

Solution:

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2009 Annual_

4_ Radiograph (OPG) of a patient having radio-opaque-radiolucent lesion is shown to you. How will you classify the benign fibro
osseous lesions of oral cavity?94

Solution:

10_ Radiograph(OPG) of a patient having radio-opaque-radiolucent lesions is shown to you. What important features will help you
to diagnose it as Juvenile fibrous dysplasia?99

Solution:

12_ a patient has been diagnosed as Osteogenesis Imperfecta. What General features and associated oral abnormalities you can
see?111

Solution:

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2008 Supply_

6_

a) Describe the features of Mc Cune-Albright syndrome. How would you differentiate it from jaffe syndrome?99

b) Define Osteopetrosis, What are the complications associated with it?110

Solution:

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2008 Annual_

6_

a) Classify the benign fibro osseous lesions of oral cavity.

b) Define juvenile fibrous dysplasia; give important features.

Solution:

15_

a) Enlist the manifestations associated with Type 2 diabetes mellitus.

b) Describe the general features and associated oral abnormalities of Osteogenesis imperfect.

Solution:

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2007 Supply_

14_

a) What is Cherubism?

b) Give its clinical features.

Solution:

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2007 Annual_

11_

a) Give main features of central giant cell Granuloma.

b) Write down differential diagnosis of giant cell lesions of Jaw.

Solution:

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Prayers for Muhammad Ramiz Khawaja, NID, Multan.

05_Salivary gland Pathology

2014 Supply_

5_ A 29-year-old female presented with a firm swelling in the submandibular area. FNAC followed by excision biopsy confirmed it as
a benign salivary gland neoplasm.

a) Classify benign salivary gland Neoplasia.

b) What are the histopathological features of Warthin’s tumor? Illustrate your answer with a diagram.

Solution:

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2014 Annual_

13_ A 30-year-old female presented with a unilateral firm swelling of the left parotid region. The surgery revealed it to be a growth
the parotid gland.

a) Classify the Benign and malignant tumors of the salivary gland.

b) Give the histopathologic features of the most common benign tumor.

Solution:

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2013 Supply_

8_

a) Enlist benign salivary gland neoplasm.

b) Draw and write the histopathology of Warthin’s Tumor of salivary glands.

Solution:

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2012 Annual_

8_ Give the classification of salivary gland tumors of epithelial origin.330

Solution:

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2011 Annual_
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11_ Patient presented with mandibular occlusal view, radiograph showing irregular radio-opaque mass in 1 molar region. He was
complaining of recurrent sub-mandubular swelling at meal times.338

a) What is the most likely diagnosis?

b) What other clinical features may be present?

Solution:

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2009 Annual_
6_ Describe the forms of monomorphic adenomas of salivary glands, and give the detail of basal cell monomorphic adenomas?351

Solution:

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2008 Supply_

7_

a) Enlist benign salivary gland neoplasm.330

b) Draw and describe the histopathology of warthin’s tumor of salivary glands.353

Solution:

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2008 Annual_

7_ Describe the forms of monomorphic adenomas of salivary gland and give the detail of basal cell monorphic adenomas.

Solution:

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2007 Supply_

5_

a) Write important histological features of pleomorphic adenoma.

b) Give main clinical features of pleomorphic adenoma.

Solution:

10_ A 75 year old lady presents to you with severe Xerostomia following radiation therapy for a squamous cell carcinoma of her
tongue, what oral complications could be seen in this patient?

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2007 Annual_

7_ Classify Tumors of salivary glands.

Solution:

10_ a 75-year-old lady presents with severe Xerostomia of her tongue. What oral complications could be seen in this patient?

Solution:

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Prayers for Muhammad Ramiz Khawaja, NID, Multan.

06_Cysts of Odontogenic origin
2014 Supply_

2_ A 27-year-old male presented to OPD with a carious premolar. On examination, the tooth was non-vital.

a) What could be the sequence of events in the peri-apical area following pulp Necrosis?

b) What are the routes of spread of acute infection from the peri-apical area?

c) Give the radiographic and histopathological features of a radicular cyst.

Solution:

10_ An incidental finding on a radiograph showed a well demarcated cystic radiolucency between the roots of lateral incisor and
canine of the mandible located near the crest of the ridge.

a) What is the likely diagnosis?

b) What are the differential diagnoses? Give the key features.

Solution:

14_ A 14-year-old male with a swelling of anterior maxilla presented to the maxillofacial surgery. The radiographic examination
showed a well circumscribed radiolucency around the crown of un-erupted left lateral incisor. The radiolucency was extending
beyond the cement-enamel junction. The biopsy confirmed it a benign Odontogenic lesion.

a) What is the likely diagnosis?

b) Give the histopathological features.

c) What is the prognosis and how will you differentiate it from a dentigerous cyst?

Solution:

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2014 Annual_

8_ A 40-year-old male presented with swelling of right posterior mandible. The OPG revealed a corticated cystic radiolucent lesion
expanding the cortical plates. The histopathology revealed a cyst lined by an orthokeratinized epithelium.

a) What is diagnosis?

b) Give the clinical presentation, radiographic and histopathologic features.

c) What is prognosis?

Solution:

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2013 Supply_
rd
7_ A 35-years-old man presents with painless expansion of the buccal aspect of the mandible in the 3 molar area. A dental
rd
panoramic radiograph reveals a multilocular cystic lesion extending into the horizontal and ascending ramus. The 3 molar is absent.

a) What is the most likely diagnosis?

b) What are the histopathological findings?

Solution:
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2013 Annual_

6_ A young 30-year-old male was diagnosed as a patient of Nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome. Write the oral, skin and skeletal
manifestation of this condition.

Solution:

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2012 Supply_

4_ A 22-year-female presented with cystic swelling in front of neck. The cyst was surgically removed. Differentiate the following on
the basis of histopathology.

a) Branchial cyst.

b) Thyroglossal cyst.

c) Dermoid cyst.

Solution:

1_

a) Differentiate between hairy tongue and hairy Leukoplakia.376,229

b) Enumerate pre-neoplastic lesions and conditions.175

Solution:

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2012 Annual_

9_

a) Which is the commonest type of odontogenic cyst of the oral cavity?47

b) Give the radiologic features of redicular cyst.48

Solution:

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2008 Supply_

5_

a) Give define and differential diagnosis if histological features of an initial painless and later tender mass on cheeks
revealed:302

I. Malignant fibroblasts in a collagen background.

 II. Fascicles of spindle-shaped cells that classically form a “herring bone” pattern.

III. Severe mitotic activity.

b) Give the origin and important features of paradental cyst.52

Solution:

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2008 Annual_

5_

a) Patient reported with Von Recklinghausen neurofibromatosis. Describe its clinical features.ch#9

b) Name the cysts derived from dental lamina (rests of serres), rests of Malassez and Reduced Enamel Epithelium.

Solution:

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2007 Supply_

7_

a) Enumerate cysts of maxillofacial region.

b) Write main features of calcifying odontogenic cyct.

Solution:

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2007 Annual_

9_ Write clinical features of dentigerous cyst.

Solution:

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Prayers for Muhammad Ramiz Khawaja, NID, Multan.

07_Tumors of odontogenic origin

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2014 Supply_
12_ A 28-year-old male came to dental OPD with swelling of the left mandible. The OPD revealed a unilateral multiloculated
radiolucent lesion with soap bubble effect in the molar region.

a) What is the differential diagnosis?

b) What are the likely histopathologies?

Solution:

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2014 Annual_

7_ A 20 year-old-male presented to the dental OPD with a partially erupted upper canine. The OPG showed a mixed radio opaque
radiolucent lesion.

a) Give the differential diagnosis on the basis of radiographic picture.

b) Differentiate between the 2 types of odontomas.

Solution:

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2013 Supply_

1_ A 35-year-old male presents with painless, slowly growing mass on right side of the mandible. Radiograph examination shows
multi-locular honeycomb appearance. The Cytological examination shows “Polyhedral Epithelial tumor cells in the background of
amorphous eosinophilic material”.

a) Give the diagnosis?

b) Give its histopathological features.

Solution:

Diagnosis: (Might be) CALCIFYING EPITHELIAL ODONTOGENIC TUMOR

2013 Annual_

7_ A 45-year-old female was suffering from peripheral odontogenic fibroma. Give its clinical features with histopathology.

Solution:

2012 Supply_

9_ A 44-year-old male presented with a slowly growing lesion on the right side of mandible. Radiograph revealed a multilocular
radiolucent lesion. Compare and contrast the radiograph and histological features of:

a) Adenomatous odontogenic tumor.

b) Pindborg tumor

c) Odontogenic tumor.

Solution:

12_ A 35-year-old male addict presents the doctor with 6 months history of purulent fever, weight loss and recurrent infections.
3
Laboratory workup reveals a CD4+ cell count of 150/mm .
 a) What is the likely diagnosis?

b) Enumerate the ……lastic infections and oral manifestations.

Solution:

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2012 Annual_

3_ Give different histological patterns of Ameloblastoma.138

Solution:

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2011 Annual_

7_ A patient presented with panoramic radiograpgh showing radiolucent lesion of soap bubble appearance around the impacted
mandibular last molar tooth. During clinical examination aspiration by disposable syringe received fresh blood.152

a) What is the most likely diagnosis?

b) Give its histological features.

Solution:

8_ A patient of 20 years old presented with panoramic radiograph showing multilocular radiolucent lesion around the unerupted
mandibular last molar tooth. Patient was symptom free; it was just an accidental finding.155

a) What is the most likely diagnosis?

b) Give its histological features.

Solution:

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2009 Annual_

13_ Radiograph (OPG) of a patient having radio-opaque-radiolucent lesions is shown to you. How will you tell about the origin of
odontogenic cysts? 135

Solution:

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2008 Supply_

8_Give the differentiating points between malignant ameloblastoma and ameloblastic carcinoma.159

Solution:

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2008 Annual_
8_ What do you understand by Ameloblastic fibrous odontomas. Give its clinical features with histopathology.

Solution:

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2007 Supply_

6_

a) Classify odontogenic tumors.

b) Give key features of ameloblastoma.

Solution:

13_ Draw and label the histological section of adenomatoid odontogenic tumor.

Solution:

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2007 Annual_

1_ Write different types of ameloblastomas.

Solution:

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Prayers for Muhammad Ramiz Khawaja, NID, Multan.

08_Infections
2014 Supply_

8_

a) Give the definitive diagnostic tests along with differential diagnosis of Actinomycosis.

b) Briefly write the management of Actinomycosis.

Solution:

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2014 Annual_

11_

a) Enumerate the diseases caused by Epstein Bar Virus.

b) What is the clinical; presentation of acute manifestation of this virus?

 c) Give the diagnostic tests.

Solution:

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2013 Supply_

4_ A young patient presents with Draining sinus tracts on the surface of the skin at submandibular area. Pain was minimal and on
examination “wooden area of fibrosis” was seen around the sinus. Cytological report is suggestive of acute abscess. Patient is
advised high dosage of penicillin for at least 2 weeks.

a) What is your diagnosis?

b) Give its histopathological features.

Solution:

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2013 Annual_

8_ A 9-year-old female reported with initially fever, chills, malaise, headache followed by a rash involving trunk, head and neck, it
was diagnosed as Chicken pox. Give other associated lesions with complications.

Solution:

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2012 Supply_

13_ An 11-year-old with successful treatment of thyroid, again presented to the emergency after 2 weeks with fever and multiple
mucocutaneous erythematous vesicular eruptions, some showing large told …… .

a) What is the diagnosis?

b) What are the various types and clinical presentations of the reactor?

Solution:

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2012 Annual_

2_ Give different types of Candidiasis.241

Solution:

2011 Annual_

9_ A patient presented with multiple draining sinuses on the skin at the angle of mandible having sulphur granules.238

a) What is the most likely diagnosis?

b) Give its other clinical features.

Solution:
13_ A female patient was complaining of burning sensation on tongue, her tongue was red and depapilated. 242

a) What is the most likely diagnosis?

b) Give its other features.

Solution:

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2009 Annual_

7_ A child of 8-year-old is referred to you with diagnosis of infectious mononucleosis. What clinical features you will suspect?

Solution:

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2008 Supply_

9_ Give the important oral manifestations in AIDS patient, explain oral hairy leukoplakia (OHL) in detail.229

Solution:

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2008 Annual_

9_ Give the clinical features of infectious mononucleosis in children.

Solution:

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Prayers for Muhammad Ramiz Khawaja, NID, Multan.

09_Dental caries
2014 Supply_

4_

a) Enumerate various types of reactionary Dentin. What is the Pathogenesis and the importance of each type?

b) Draw and label the microscopic zones of advanced carious lesion in Dentin.

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2014 Annual_

1_ A 5-year-old boy presents to the OPD with multiple carious teeth.

 a) What are the etiological factors responsible for dental caries?

b) What are the essential properties of cariogenic bacteria?

Solution:

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2013 Supply_

13_ A patient presented with caries in the cervical region involving dentin.

What can you see under microscope if you prepare the slide of dentinal caries?

Solution

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2013 Annual_

9_ Give the important features of:

a) Pit and fissure caries

b) Smooth surface caries

Solution:

a) Pit and fissure caries

b) Smooth surface caries

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2012 Supply_

7_

a) Classify various types of caries.

b) What is the sequence of events of Enamel caries?

c) Why is sucrose more cariogenic than other carbohydrates?

Solution:

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2012 Annual_

5_ What are cariogenic properties of streptococcus mutans?

Solution:

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2011 Annual_
4_ A patient is having multiple carious teeth under microscope. What zones can you see in dentinal caries?75

Solution:

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2009 Annual_

8_ A young lady of 23-years presented with multiple caries. She is very much worried for it and is asking the reason for these caries.
Give key features of The Acidogenic Theory of caries by Miller.

Solution:

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2008 Supply_

10_ Caries control is a difficult task for a dental surgeon. Give your ways of control of caries in the children.

Solution:

11_

a) Give the detail of reparative dentin in caries.81,367,369

b) Write down the key differentiating points with reference to nature of a pin in different types of pulpitis.77,78

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2008 Annual_

10_ Give the detail of ‘the acidogenic theory’ of caries by Miller.

Solution:

11_

a) Define dental caries and highlight its epidemiology.

b) How do you differentiate between septic pulpitis and aseptic pulpitis?

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2007 Supply_

9_ What are the microscopic features of early lesion in dental caries?

Solution:

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2007 Annual_

13_

a) Give outline of Enamel caries.

b) Write different stages of enamel caries.

Solution:

14_

a) What is dentine caries? Give development of dental caries.

b) What are the reactionary changes in dentine?

Solution:

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Prayers for Muhammad Ramiz Khawaja, NID, Multan.

10_Diseases of pulp & periapical tissues.

2014 Supply_

7_ A 38-year-old male presented with braeny painful swelling on the left cheek. The eyelids of the same side were swollen with
protrusion of the eyeball and Chemosis. The patient had high grade fever. Oral examination revealed a carious upper left canine.

a) Trace the pathway of spread of infection from upper right canine to the Cavernous sinus.

b) Give location and the contents of the Cavernous sinus.

c) What are the signs and symptoms associated with the involvement of this sinus?

Solution:

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2014 Annual_5_

a) Briefly narrate the etiology, clinical features and histopathology of chronic Hyper plastic pulpitis.

b) Enlist treatment modalities of Chronic hyper plastic pulpitis. (Modality is a particular mode in which something exists
or is experienced or expressed.)

10_ A 48-year-old diabetic female developed fever with a browny painful swelling of the upper part of neck. On oral examination the
right premolar was carious. Patient had dyspnea; neck movements were restricted with difficulty in swallowing.

a) What is the diagnosis?

b) Name the facial spaces involved

c) What are the clinical features associated with each space involvement?
Solution:

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2013 Supply_

9_ Patients of dental caries are complaining of different nature and types of pain.

a) How will you classify different types of pulpitis?

b) Give key features.

Solution:
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2013 Annual_

10_ What do you understand by reversible and irreversible pulpitis?

Solution:

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2012 Supply_

8_ A 27-year-old man presents with throbbing pain in the upper left first molar, exacerbated on lying down.

a) What are the causes of pulpitis?77

b) Why are children more susceptible to rampant caries?73

c) Refract on charge of pH of oral cavity following a sugary drink.74

Solution:

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2012 Annual_

4_

a) What is open pulpitis?82

b) Give its clinical significance.82

Solution:

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2011 Annual_

6_ A patient is complaining of pain in deeply carious teeth at sleeping time. Write down the key differentiating points with reference
to nature of pain in different types of pulpitis.78

Solution:

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2009 Annual_

14_ Radiograph of a patient with dental caries is showing some communication to pulp and patient is complaining of pain, write
down the key differentiating points with reference to nature of pain in different types of pulpitis.78

Solution:

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2008 Supply_

11_

c) Give the detail of reparative dentin in caries.81,367,369

d) Write down the key differentiating points with reference to nature of a pin in different types of pulpitis.77,78

Solution:

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2008 Annual_

11_

c) Define dental caries and highlight its epidemiology.

d) How do you differentiate between septic pulpitis and aseptic pulpitis?

Solution:

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2007 Annual_

12_

a) Give causes of pulpitis.

b) Write down different types of pulpitis with its clinical features.

Solution:

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Prayers for Muhammad Ramiz Khawaja, NID, Multan.

11_Spread of Oral infection

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2014 Annual_4_ A 58-years-old male was operated for squamous cell carcinoma of the lateral border of tongue with radial neck
dissection followed by radiotherapy.

a) Enumerate permanent side effects of radiation therapy.

b) Briefly discuss management of radiation therapy induced xerostomia

Solution:

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2012 Supply_

6_

a) What are the contents of cavernous sinus?

b) What can be the clinical signs and symptoms of cavernous sinus infection?

c) Trace the pathway of spread of infection from maxillary molar to cavernous sinus.89

Solution:

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2007 Supply_

3_

a) What is osteomyelitis? Give common etiologic factors.

b) Give key features of an acute osteomyelitis.

Solution:

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2007 Annual_

15_ Give common features of acute osteomyelitis of mandible.

Solution:

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Prayers for Muhammad Ramiz Khawaja, NID, Multan.

12_Physical & chemical injuries of Oral cavity

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2014 Supply_
1_ A 56-year-old male came to the dental clinic with complaints of Myalgia and limitation of jaw movement. Oral examination
revealed exclusive tooth to tooth wear.

a) Enumerate and define various types of non-carious chronic tooth injuries.

b) What are the effects of Bruxism on a patient?

Solution:

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2013 Supply_

15_ Patient presented with sensitivity of teeth, during clinical examination, non carious loss of tooth structure was observed.

a) How to classify tooth wear?

b) Give the description of loss of tooth structure by Attrition.

Solution:

14_ Patient of Dengue fever came on your clinic for dental treatment.

a) What investigations you will advice? Give the reasons.

b) Give the description of loss of tooth structure by Attrition.

Solution:

10_ A 54-year-old patient reported with loss of tooth structure by chemical reaction by excess use of beverages, it was not associated
with bacteria (caries):

a) Diagnose the condition.

b) Give its clinical features.

Solution:

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2013 Annual_

14_ Patient of Dengue fever came on your clinic for dental treatment.

c) What investigations you will advice? Give the reasons.

d) Give the description of loss of tooth structure by Attrition.

Solution:

12_ A 54-year-old patient with loss of tooth structure by chemical reaction. It was not associated with bacteria (caries). Discuss other
features of this condition.

Solution:

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2012 Supply_

3_ A 32-year-old male presented with a firm swelling on the left parotid region. The lesion was surgically removed and was benign.

a) Enlist the benign salivary gland tumors.330

 b) Give the morphology of the most common benign tumors of the major salivary gland.350

Solution:

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2012 Annual_

12_ Differentiate the following terms.367,368

a) Abrasion

b) Erosion

c) Attrition

Solution:

14_

a) What injuries are caused by radiation in oral and maxillofacial region?

b) Write features of radiation caries.

Solution:

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2011 Annual_

12_ Patient presented with complaint of severe sensitivity and severe loss of tooth structure from anterior surface of upper central
incisors. He was habitual of using beverages.

a) Give other features of this condition.368

b) What are other non carious causes of tooth loss.366

Solution:

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2009 Annual_

9_ Patient presented with sensitivity of teeth while she is regularly cleaning the teeth twice daily, tell her about abrasion and tooth
loss.367

Solution:

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2008 Supply_

12_ Describe the classification of tooth wear, give the detail of loss of tooth structure by attrition.366,367

13_ Define ankylosis of teeth, give its causes and clinical features.372

Solution:
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2008 Annual_

12_ Give the detail of loss of tooth structure by Abrasion.

Solution:

13_

a) Classify the dental erosion according to extrinsic and intrinsic acid sources.

b) How you differentiate the following on the basis of immunofluorescence?

i. Erosive Lichen Planus

ii. Bullous Pemphigoid

iii. Pemphigus vulgaris

iv. Erythema multiforme

Solution:

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2007 Supply_

2_

a) Differentiate the terms.

i. Attrition

ii. Abrasion

iii. Erosion

b) What is dilacerations? What problem it can cause?

Solution:

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Prayers for Muhammad Ramiz Khawaja, NID, Multan.

13_Allergies & immunological diseases

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2014 Supply_
11_ A 40-year-old female presented to OPD with a complaint of white lesion on Buccal Mucosa. On clinical examination, the lesion
consists of raised, thin, white lines in a lacy pattern against an Erythematous background.

a) What is your diagnosis?

b) Explain the histopathology of lesion.

c) How will you differentiate the lesion from the other autoimmune disorder of the oral cavity, clinically?

Solution:

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2014 Annual_

2_

a) What is Nikolsky sign? Name the lesion in which this sign is positive.

b) Write the laboratory tests and the interpretation required for the diagnosis of these lesions.

Solution:

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2013 Supply_

11_ Patient has come to you with multiple ulcers in oral cavity which are not responding to the medications like antiseptic mouth
washes and nystatine like drops.

a) What can come to your mind?

b) What histopathological and immunological features can diagnose it as “Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid (MMP)”

Solution

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2013 Annual_

13_ A young 30-year-old lady reported with recurrent aphthous stomatitis.

a) Enumerate the associated systemic conditions related to it.

b) Draw and write the histopathologic key features of lichen planus.

Solution:

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2012 Supply_

2_ A 35-year-old female presented with stuffiness of the nose and blood stained discharge. Biopsy revealed a granulomatous lesion.

What are the “differences between a “Lethal Midline Granuloma” and “Wegener’s granulomatosis”?284,410

Solution:
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2012 Annual_

15_

a) What are 5 common immune mediated diseases of oral cavity?252

b) Write different types of Lichen planus.258

Solution:

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2009 Annual_

5_ Patient has come to you with multiple ulcers in oral cavity which are not responding to medications like antiseptic mouth washes
and nyastatine like drops. What can come to your mind and how will you differentiate the following two most likely diagnoses on
the basis of histopathological and immunological features?

a) Mucus membrane pemphigoid (MMP)262

b) Pemphigus Vulgaris.265

Solution:

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2008 Supply_

14_

a) Is progressive systemic Sclerosis an immunologically mediated debilitating disease?276

b) How would you diagnose it by, clinical, radiological and other lab findings? 277

Solution:

15_ Oral mucosa is relatively resistant to allergies because of certain factors.

a) Explain these factors278

b) Enumerate the etiological factors of contact stomatitis.278

Solution:

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2008 Annual_

14_ Give the histopathological and immunological features of:

a) Mucous membrane pemphigoid (MMP).

 b) Pemphigus Vulgaris.

Solution:

13_

c) Classify the dental erosion according to extrinsic and intrinsic acid sources.

d) How you differentiate the following on the basis of immunofluorescence?

v. Erosive Lichen Planus

vi. Bullous Pemphigoid

vii. Pemphigus vulgaris

viii. Erythema multiforme

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Prayers for Muhammad Ramiz Khawaja, NID, Multan.

15_Diseases of blood & blood forming organs

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2014 Supply_

13_

a) Briefly discuss clinical features of Pernicious anaemia.

b) What diagnostic criteria determine the presence of pernicious anemia?

Solution:

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2014 Annual_

15_ A 40-year old male with cervical and axillary lymphadenopathy was diagnosed with Hodgkin’s lymphoma.

a) Give the histopathological picture of its various types.

b) How do you stage the disease?

Solution:

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2013 Annual_

14_ A 25-year-young lady reported to you with anemia. Enumerate the disorders associated with this disease.

Solution:
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2012 Supply_

1_

c) Differentiate between hairy tongue and hairy Leukoplakia.376,229

d) Enumerate pre-neoplastic lesions and conditions.175

Solution:

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2012 Annual_

6_ What are the common oral manifestations of vitamin B complex deficiency?395

Solution:

13_

a) What is Burkit lymphoma?414

b) Give its clinical features.414

Solution:

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2009 Annual_

15_ A pregnant lady presented to OPD for extraction of a tooth. Her eyes and skin was pale. She was looking anemic. What other
features can be seen in this patient?395

Solution:

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2007 Supply_

4_ Enumerate the etiological factors of Leukoplakia.

Solution:

15_

a) Classify Hodgkin’s lymphoma and give its clinical staging.

b) Enumerate causes of burning mouth syndrome.

Solution:

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2007 Annual_
8_

a) Classify Hodgkin’s lymphoma and give its clinical staging.

b) Enumerate causes of Burning mouth syndrome.

Solution:

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Prayers for Muhammad Ramiz Khawaja, NID, Multan.

Connective Tissue Lesions

2014 Supply_6_

a) What are the classical histopathological features of a Rhabdomyosarcoma?

b) Draw and label the variety of this sarcoma occurring in younger age group, forming polypoidal grape like structures arising
in a hollow cavity.

c) Give the Immunohistochemical Markers for confirmation.

Solution:

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2012 Annual_

1_ Give histological findings in:

a) Giant cell Fibroma.291

b) Giant cell epulis.289

Solution:

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2008 Supply_

5_

c) Give define and differential diagnosis if histological features of an initial painless and later tender mass on cheeks
revealed:302

IV. Malignant fibroblasts in a collagen background.

V. Fascicles of spindle-shaped cells that classically form a “herring bone” pattern.

VI. Severe mitotic activity.

d) Give the origin and important features of paradental cyst.52

Solution:

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 Prayers for Muhammad Ramiz Khawaja, NID, Multan.

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