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ANSWERS

16 a 129
1 BEGINNINGS IN NUMBER b the number of students who paid for tickets
17 a 2 21 b 3 53 c 62 45
6 41 d 3
e 2 10 f 7 92
BEGINNINGS IN NUMBER 1 18 a 1 b 2698 2
165 10 5
1:01 The history of number
1 a 13 b 51 c 20 d 156 e 1353
f 1500 g 37 h 119 i 347
BEGINNINGS IN NUMBER 3
2 a VI b XIV c XXI d LXI 1:04 Speed and accuracy
e XXIX f MM g XIX h CCCIV Set A 56, 51, 7, 44, $26, 6, $4.60
i DCL Set B 54, 43, 12, 57, $15, 8, $6.80
3 XIV, XVI, XXXIX, LV, LXXVIII, XC, CIX Set C 72, 63, 8, 38, $12, 7, $16.50
4 Sample answer: Roman numerals are harder to read quickly, and the Fun spot: The four fours puzzle
filmmaker and/or TV network do not want to give the impression 1=4-4+4÷4
that the film is actually fairly old. 2=4÷4+4÷4
5 a XIV = 14 b LXIV = 64 3 = (4 + 4 + 4) ÷ 4
6 a MDC = 1600 b MDCL = 1650 4 = (4 - 4) × 4 + 4
7 88 = LXXXVIII 5 = (4 × 4 + 4) ÷ 4
1:02 Place value 6 = (4 + 4) ÷ 4 + 4
1 a 31 b 703 c 2000 d 400 900 7=4+4-4÷4
e 53 027 f 1 060 014 8 = 4 × 4 - (4 + 4)
2 a twelve 9 = 4 + 4 ÷4 + 4
b four thousand and ten 1:05 Using a calculator
c seven million Set A Set B
d forty-five thousand three hundred and thirteen 1 1061⋅03 1 795⋅78
e sixty-seven thousand eight hundred and five 2 15 064 2 14 250
f fifty-seven million eight hundred thousand three hundred and 3 204 3 211
seventy-three 4 7661⋅2 4 7489⋅2
3 seven hundred 5 2845⋅11 5 2148⋅25
4 six hundred thousand 6 806 325 6 411 536
5 306 804 7 593 7 694
6 a 87 621 b 12 678 8 206 925 8 332 817⋅5
7 2057 9 Both buys are the same. 9 400 g of cashews for $8.16
8 a 7522 b 2257 10 18 10 30
Fun spot: Naming numbers 11 $1.53 11 $1.49
ten-two 12 0⋅4375 12 0⋅2875
13 312⋅17 13 483⋅73
BEGINNINGS IN NUMBER 2 14 5⋅12 m 14 29⋅6 m

1:03 The four operations


1 a 669 b 5190
BEGINNINGS IN NUMBER 4
2 a 9523 b 7420 1:06 Order of operations
3 $148 1 a 16 b 18 c 4 d 11 e 4 f 36
4 11 808 km 2 a 6 × (5 - 2) b 20 - (8 - 6) c 36 ÷ (6 ÷ 3)
5 a 88 b 894 3 a (3 + 8) × 2 b 62 - (10 × 5)
6 162 minutes 4 a 8 × (29 + 11) b 320
5 a 7 b 8 c 6
7 Newcastle Kempsey Grafton Ballina 6 a 15 b 9 c 34 d 10 e 16 f 5
Newcastle – 288 492 623 g 1 h 18 i 31 j 35
Kempsey – 204 335 7 a 63 b 2 c 25 d 13 e 2 f 36
Grafton – 131 g 27 h 8 i 36 j 130 k 44 l 12
Ballina – 8 Multiplication and division take priority over addition and subtraction.

Fun spot: Take 8 1:07 Using number properties


You can take 8 away from 96 a total of 12 times. 1 a 6 = 6 true b 0 = 15 false c 77 = 77 true d 28 = 28 true
8 a 3114 b 28 956 2 a 0 b 1 c 0 d 6
9 a 2033 b 19 110 3 a They earned the same amount of money.
10 $169 b Carl had the better paid job; he worked less time at a higher
11 166 hourly rate.
12 $1999 4 a 690 b 3600 c 180 d 9700 e 19 000
13 a 413 b 89 5 a 560 b 800 c 330 d 392 e 600
14 a 1247 b 8041 6 $500
15 1756 litres 7 17 × 0⋅25 × 4 = 17 × 1 = $17

Copyright © Pearson Australia 2013 (a division of Pearson Australia Group Pty Ltd) ISBN 978 1 4860 0291 7   Answers 1
ASM7HP_Answers.indd 1 19/04/13 10:19 AM
BEGINNINGS IN NUMBER 5 d When the time is 0 minutes the charge is $60. This is where the
1:08 Language and symbols used in mathematics line crosses the y-axis.
1 a 3 + 8 = 11 b 41 < 51 c 80  ≈ 9 e 5 21  minutes
d 5 - 6 ≠ 6 - 5 e 72 > 48 f x2 ≥ 0 2 a 418 km
2 a false b false c
true d true e false f true b Dubbo-Parkes-Cowra-Bathurst: 329 km
c Total length = 547 km
1:09 Special sets of whole numbers
Dubbo
1 a even b even c even
2 13 Pluto Place, 17 Pluto Place
3 4 Bathurst
Parkes
4 7, 9, 11
Cowra
- Odd Even
Odd Even Odd Wagga Wagga
Even Odd Even

× Odd Even
WORKING MATHEMATICALLY 2
2:05 Make a list, chart, table or tally
Odd Odd Even
1 46
Even Even Even 2 6
6 a The result is either odd or even. 3 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8
b An example of two even numbers dividing to give an odd result 4 Monday, Friday
is 6 ÷ 2 = 3. 5 October
An example of two even numbers dividing to give an even result 6 192 days
is 8 ÷ 4 = 2. Fun spot: PIN combinations
1:10 Estimating answers Two possible answers: 6298 or 8104
1 a 41 + 503 ≈ 40 + 500 = 540 b 793 - 58 ≈ 800 - 60 = 740 2:06 Eliminating possibilities
c 49 × 11 ≈ 50 × 10 = 500 d 798 ÷ 10 ≈ 800 ÷ 10 = 80 1 23
e 102 × 39 ≈ 100 × 40 = 4000 2 a Friday
2 600 ÷ 50 = 12 b Monday: 5 adults; Tuesday 5 children
3 160 ÷ 20 = 8 c She either did haircuts for children only (18 altogether) or adults
4 300 × $5 = $1500 only (11 altogether).
5 450 + 250 + 300 + 150 = 1150 km 3 $75
2
6 first two jobs needed about one bottle per 50 m 4 Davis, architect
1700 m2 ÷ 50 ≈ 34 bottles 5 Inhabitant 1: elf
Inhabitant 2: elf
Inhabitant 3: troll
2 WORKING MATHEMATICALLY
WORKING MATHEMATICALLY 3
WORKING MATHEMATICALLY 1 2:07 Working backwards
2:01 Direct computation 1 16th floor
1 39 points 2 3 21  hours
2 a 600 km/h b
maximum speed of 800 km/h 3 30
2:03 Trial and error 2:08 Acting it out
1 7 1 11
2 $1 2
3 $700
4 one stockman: 3 full cartons, 1 half-full carton
each of the other stockmen: 2 full cartons, 3 half-full cartons
2:04 Make a drawing, diagram or model Other answers are possible.
1 a $60 + 3 × $2 = $66 2:09 Looking for patterns
b Time Charge 1 a 15, 21
(minutes) ($) b Two consecutive triangular numbers always add to a square number.
1 62 2 a 7, 11, 15, 19, 23 b 51
2 64 3 a 141⋅4214 b 447⋅2136 c 1414⋅214 d 4472⋅136
3 66 2:10 Solving a simpler problem
4 68 1 Powers of 7 Value Last digit
5 70 71       7 7
c 72      49 9
70 73     343 3
74   2 401 1
65 75   16 807 7
76 117 649 9
77 823 543 3
60
2 1
0123456 3 1
4 1, 5, 6, 10

2 Australian Signpost Mathematics New South Wales 7 Homework Program

ASM7HP_Answers.indd 2 19/04/13 10:19 AM


4 a 24 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 b 400 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 5 × 5
3 NUMBER AND INDICES c 85 = 5 × 17 d 81 = 3 × 3 × 3 × 3
e 120 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 × 5 f 57 = 3 × 19
NUMBER AND INDICES 1 g 125 = 5 × 5 × 5 h 240 = 2 × 2× 2 × 2 × 3 × 5
3:01 Index notation
4
1 a 5 b 67 3 NUMBER AND INDICES 3
2 a 8 × 8 b 9×9×9×9×9×9 3:05 Divisibility tests
3 a 32 b 216 1 a no b yes c no d yes
4 a 36 b 121 c 169 d 1 2 0, 2, 4, 6, 8
5 a False b True c False d True e True f True 3 A number is divisible by 5 if it ends in 0 or 5.
3 3 3 3
6 4 × 25 = (4 × 25) = 100 = 1 000 000 4 a 7 + 1 + 5 + 5 = 18, which is divisible by 9.
2 3
7 a 2 + 2 + 2 b 14 b 8 + 0 + 3 = 11, which is not divisible by 9.
8 Three zeros are inserted at the end of the counting number. 5 a 8004 b 8001
9 a 450 b 360 000 c 59 000 d 6 730 000 6 and
10 a 500 b 70 000 Investigation: Is a square of a number always larger than the
Investigation: Index swap number itself?
5
1 3 = 243 1 Number Square The square is ______ than the number
3
2 5 = 125 39 1521 bigger
4 2
3 2 = 4
 2    4 bigger
3:02 Expanded notation  0⋅3    0⋅09 smaller
1 a 675 b 53 415 c 3057 d 460 000 e 70 620
 0⋅767    0⋅588 289 smaller
2 a 489 b 5080 c 623 567 d 3916
15  225 bigger
3 a 6 tens + 9 units
b 4 hundreds + 3 tens + 9 units
 1⋅2    1⋅44 bigger
c 1 thousand + 7 hundreds + 3 tens + 2 units  0⋅98    0⋅9604 smaller
d 6 ten-thousands + 3 thousands + 5 units  5⋅001   25⋅010 001 bigger
e 7 ten-thousands + 2 hundreds + 6 units 2 39, 2, 15, 1⋅2, 5⋅00
f 4 hundred-thousands and 9 hundreds 3 0⋅3, 0⋅767, 0⋅98
1
4 a 3 × 10 + 9 × 1 2
4 1; because 1 = 1
2 1
b 1 × 10 + 0 × 10 + 4 × 1 5 a numbers greater than 1 b
numbers less than 1
2 1
c 5 × 10 + 1 × 10 + 6 × 1 3:06 HCF and LCM by prime factors
3 2 1
d 7 × 10 + 0 × 10 + 5 × 10 + 6 × 1 1 a 24 b 45 c 42 d 24
4 3 2 1
e 6 × 10 + 1 × 10 + 2 × 10 + 3 × 10 + 8 × 1 2 a 720 b 32 760 c 8190 d 5040
4
f 5 × 10 + 9 × 1 6 3
3 a 2 × 3 b 25 × 34
3 1
g 4 × 10 + 5 × 10 + 9 × 1 4 a 864 b 5184
5 4 3 1
h 6 × 10 + 1 × 10 + 3 × 10 + 2 × 10 5 144 seconds or 2 minutes and 24 seconds
6 $20 and $50 notes
NUMBER AND INDICES 2
3:03 Factors and multiples NUMBER AND INDICES 4
1 a 8, 16, 24, 32, 40 b 20, 40, 60, 80, 100 3:07 Square and cube roots
2 The list gives the multiples of 4. 1 a 36 b 144 c 64
3 56, 63, 70, 77, 84, 91, 98 2 0 and 1
4 Count the number in one column and then multiply it by 28. 3 a 5 b 10 c 9
5 a 12, 24, 36 b 36, 72, 108 4 1
6 a 40 b 60 5 a 8 b 343 c 1 d 512
7 a 1, 2, 4, 8 b 1, 3, 5, 15 6 a 3 b 6
c 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 24 d 1, 11 7 a 4 and 5 b
11 and 12; 121 and 144
8 1 c 8 and 9 d 2 and 3
9 a 2 × 36, 3 × 24, 4 × 18, 6 × 12, 8 × 9 b 12
Fun spot: A cross-number puzzle
10 a 1, 2, 4 b 1, 3, 9
11 a 2 b 1 6 7 2 4 4
5 3
12 $20
1 0 1 0
3:04 Prime and composite numbers 2 0 2 0 3
1 a 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29, 31, 37, 41, 43, 47 2 3
b 4 and 6 are divisible by 2. 1 4 4 3 6
2 a 91
8 a 8⋅544 b 22⋅627 c 82⋅298 d 316⋅228
b 91 = 7 × 13 so it has more than two factors.
9 a 2 and 3 b 4 and 5, 64 and 125
Its factors are 1, 7, 13, 91.
10 a 4⋅498 b 15⋅948 c 37⋅278 d 92⋅832
3 60 = 2 × 2 × 3 × 5
11 Check that 19 × 19 × 19 = 6859.

Copyright © Pearson Australia 2013 (a division of Pearson Australia Group Pty Ltd) ISBN 978 1 4860 0291 7   Answers 3
ASM7HP_Answers.indd 3 19/04/13 10:19 AM
Investigation: Goldbach’s conjecture PATTERNS AND ALGEBRA 2
Several solutions are possible. Here is one solution (with some alternatives). 4:03 Using variables
4 = 2 + 2 28 = 11 + 17
1 a x 1 2 3 4
6 = 3 + 3 30 = 13 + 17
8 = 3 + 5 32 = 3 + 29 y 5 6 7 8
10 = 5 + 5 34 = 17 + 17 b x 1 2 3 4
12 = 7 + 5 36 = 5 + 31
y 5 9 13 17
14 = 7 + 7 38 = 19 + 19
16 = 3 + 13 (or 5 + 11) 40 = 17 + 23 2 a 9 b 22 c 40 d 3 e 13
d
18 = 7 + 11 42 = 5 + 37 3 a d = f - 29 b t = 5c c s = 
t
20 = 3 + 17 44 = 3 + 41 4 a 9
22 = 11 + 11 46 = 23 + 23 b i 3 ii 21
24 = 5 + 19 (or 13 + 11) 48 = 5 + 43 c No, the formula (n - 1) × (n - 1) only works when there are four
26 = 13 + 13 50 = 3 + 47 nappies. A formula must work for all the values.
Second part: 5 a y = 7x b
y=9-x
21 = 3 + 7 + 11 4:04 Algebraic abbreviations
x
23 = 5 + 7 + 11 1 a x - 1 b 9x c x + 100 d
22
25 = 3 + 5 + 17 2 a 6 more than x b 6 less than x
27 = 3 + 5 + 19 c x divided by 6 d 6 times x
29 = 5 + 13 + 11 x 6
3 a 2x b 50y d
c
3 x
4 a 2x b 4y c 5p + 12 d 8(x + 2)
4 PATTERNS AND ALGEBRA 5 a
x
b
4y
c
p+2
d
1
9 3 5 2x
PATTERNS AND ALGEBRA 1 6 a 4 less than p b p divided by 4
4:01 Number patterns 7 true

1 a 8, 10, 12 b 13, 8, 3 c 6, 18, 54 8 a fraction line (e.g.  shows division in algebra)

d 36, 18, 9 e 5, 7, 11 f 37, 19, 10
9 a 12x b 5x c pq d 4xy
2 a 29; add 6 b 48; subtract 13 c
48; multiply by 2
e p f 10xy g abc h 40cde
d 16; divide by 5
10 a 3x + 2 b y - 6 c pq + 1 d ab - c
3 36, 49, 64, 81, 100, 121
e 5x + 6y f 10p - 10q
4 a

PATTERNS AND ALGEBRA 3


4:05 Making sense of algebra
1 a 3x b 2x + 1 c x + 4 d x + 2y
b 6, 12, 18
e 3x + 2 f 4y g 3x + 3
c Each shape has six more dots than the previous.
2 a the number of shirts
d 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, 36, 42, 48, 54, 60, 66, 72
b 160 c 32
5 a
1 2 3 4 d When nine shirts are packaged, there are 72 pins.
3 a x = the number of cats, y = the number of dogs
b 28
b Shape number 1 2 3 4
c When there are 10 cats and 8 dogs in the shelter, there are
Number of matches 3 5 7 9
28 meals served each day.
c 17 4 a $4275 b C = 2n + 35h + 360 c C = 3n
d multiply the shape number by 2 and add 1 d Smartdrives: 2 × 1000 + 35 × 6 + 360 = 2570
e 2 × shape number +1 Cobbleco: 3 × 1000 = 3000
4:02 Variables The cheaper company is Smartdrives, and the amount saved is $430.
1 a x = 6 b x = 24 c y = 7 d p = 9 4:06 Substitution
e d = 5 f r = 8 1 a 8 b 20 c 24 d 6 e 1 f 18
2 a 29 b 29 2 a 19 b 75 c -1
x
3 a 5x b 20 - 3x c d 16x + 7 3 a 43 b 21 c 10 d 4
4
4 55 - 4y 4 a 21 b 27 c 48 d 42
5 Group 1 Group 2 Group 3 5 a the number of hinges b 20
d  2   7  3 c No, because 38 is not divisible by 3. d 2x
p  3   5  0 6 a 20
b When four trucks make five journeys each there are 20 deliveries
t  4   8  3
altogether.
C 91 183 60
Fun spot: Apples, oranges and peaches PATTERNS AND ALGEBRA 4
1 oranges, peaches, apples 4:07 Simplifying algebraic expressions
2 One orange weighs the same as 10 apples. 1 a 6c b 3y c
2x d 8h e
3x
f 9y g 13x
2 a 18x b
3x c
6x d 2x

4 Australian Signpost Mathematics New South Wales 7 Homework Program

ASM7HP_Answers.indd 4 19/04/13 10:19 AM


3 a 7x and x b 4c and c c 3ab and 5ab 5:03 Types of angles
4 a like b unlike c unlike d unlike 1 N
5 a 5x + 12y b 3p + 7q c 7x + 9 NW NE
d 3x + 2y e 8p + q
W E
6 a 2x + 10y b 8x + 8y c 4x + 1
d x + 1 e x SW SE
7 a 15 tyres and 3 batteries b 6t + 2b + 9t + b = 15t + 3b S
4:08 The laws of arithmetic 2 a 1 b 2 c 4 d 3
1 a 1 b 0 c 0 d 8 e 5
3 a i 2 ii 3
2 A and B have the same number of pumpkins.
b i 11 o’clock ii 5 o’clock
3 John and Sunita lost the same number of golf balls altogether.
4 a obtuse b acute c reflex
4 Commutative property for addition
5 Type of angle Example
5 a 1673 b 3410 c 1544 d 714
6 a i 11 ii 1 acute p, t, x, w
b A gives 11, B gives 1. The two answers show that subtraction is obtuse r, s, u
not associative. reflex q, v
Fun spot: Which swimmer was the winner? 6 reflex
Quentin
ANGLES 2
PATTERNS AND ALGEBRA 5 5:04 Discovering more about angles
4:09 Using grouping symbols 1 x = 24, y = 30
1 a 5 b 12 c 15, 13 d
4 e x, 10 2 a 40° b 84° c 7°
2 a 2x + 2y b 15x + 15y c 9p - 9q 3 45°
d 10x + 10y + 10z e 8c + 8d - 8e 4 p = 28, q = 59
3 a 2x + 6 b 5x + 10 c 4x - 36 5 61°
d 10x - 70 e 12x + 36 f 18x - 6 6 a 40° b 171° c 127°
g 8x + 28 h 120x - 50 7 a a = 120 b b = 70 c c = 126 d d = 54
4 a xy + xz b cd - ce c px + 2x e e = 69 f f = 60
2 2
d x + 8x e 2x - 3x f 4x2- x 8 5°
2 2
g 2pq + 2pr h 6x - 8x i 6x + 12x 9 a a = 40 b b = 49, c = 131 c d = 95
5 a 7x + 7y b 10x + 6y c 12x + 15y d e = 90, f = 18 e g = 137
d 6x + 30 e 10x - 12 10 35°. The obtuse angle at the top of the diagram is 145° because of
4:10 Simplifying expressions with index notation supplementary angles on a straight line.
5 2 2 2 3 2 32
1 a c b x c p q d r s e
ab c 11 a a = 20 b b = 250 c c = 95 d d = 120
2 a y × y × y b w×w×w×w×w×w e x = 120 f y = 36 (the angles are 36°, 72°, 108°, 144°)
c x × y × y × y d x×x×x×y g f = 72 h g = 55
e p × p × p × p × q × q 3
12 a 270° b
4 4 2 4
3 a g w
13 a 360° ÷ 12 = 30° b
15°
4 baa baa
2 c d 12 105°
5 a 4x b 30y2 c 30x2 3
d 8q e 6y3 11
10
1
2
2 2 2
f 8x g 6pq h 30x y 9 3
Fun spot: Travel routes 8
7 5
4
6
Students’ own answers.
14 40°

5 ANGLES ANGLES 3
5:05 Angles and parallel lines
ANGLES 1 1 a are equal b are equal c
2 a Corresponding angles on parallel lines are equal.
add to 180°
5:01 Introduction to angles
b Co-interior angles on parallel lines add to 180°.
1 a ∠ACB or ∠BCA b ∠EDF or ∠FDE
c Alternate angles on parallel lines are equal.
2 1 = ∠ADB or ∠BDA
3 p°, v°; q°, s°; r°, t°; w°, u°
2 = ∠BDC or ∠CDB
4 a x = 106 b x = 67, y = 67
3 = ∠ADC or ∠CDA
5 a x = 75 b x = 85
3 C, A, B, D
c x = 82, y = 78 d x = 70, y = 40
4 a ∠EFD b ∠STR
6 p°, s°; q°, r°
5:02 Measuring the size of an angle 7 a x = 117 b x = 89, y = 96
1 a 70° b 35°
5:06 Identifying parallel lines
2 a 310° b
225°
1 Yes, because the two alternate angles are equal.
3 a b c
2 No, because the two co-interior angles add to 182°, not 180°.
113° 288° 3 yes
62°
4 q and r
5 a and d; and c and f
6 a true b false c true d true e false f true
7 Example: The three stumps on a cricket wicket are parallel.
8 Example: The cross-bar in a soccer goal is perpendicular to the posts.

Copyright © Pearson Australia 2013 (a division of Pearson Australia Group Pty Ltd) ISBN 978 1 4860 0291 7   Answers 5
ASM7HP_Answers.indd 5 19/04/13 10:19 AM
3 a
DECIMALS
 1⋅2
6  0⋅143
13⋅44
DECIMALS 1  0⋅002
6:01 Review of decimals
4 × 0⋅2 4 0⋅05 1⋅2
1

Thousandths
Hundredths
0⋅1 0⋅02 0⋅4 0⋅005 0⋅12
Thousands

Hundreds

0⋅3 0⋅06 1⋅2 0⋅015 0⋅36

Tenths
Units
Tens
0⋅08 0⋅016 0⋅32 0⋅004 0⋅096


63⋅1 6 3 ⋅ 1 0⋅12 0⋅024 0⋅48 0⋅006 0⋅144
510⋅91 5 1 0 ⋅ 9 1 5 $2.66
4000⋅2 4 0 0 0 ⋅ 2 Fun spot: $4 worth of postage stamps
0⋅007 0 ⋅ 0 0 7 4 ways
31⋅598 3 1 ⋅ 5 9 8 6:06 Dividing by a decimal
2 a 50⋅4 b 9⋅39 c 6034⋅1 d 300⋅2 e 0⋅005 1 a 2 b 48⋅2 c 1⋅8 ÷ 9
9830 d
3 a 9 tens b 9 tenths c 9 units 2 a 155 b
9⋅64 c
4915 d
0⋅2
d 9 hundredths e 9 thousandths 3 a C b B c A
4 a 8 tenths and 5 hundredths b 9 tenths 6:07 Changing fractions to decimals
c 1 unit, 3 tenths and 8 hundredths d 5 hundredths 1 a 0⋅75 b 0⋅875
e 7 tenths and 3 thousandths 2 a 0⋅3125 b 1⋅5 c 3⋅175
1 ] + [8 ×  1 ]
5 a (5 × 1) + [1 ×  10
3 a 0⋅444 444 444 b
5⋅181 818 181
100
4 a 0·2 b   c
3·18 14·07
1 ] + [9 ×  1 ] + [2 ×  1 ]
b (6 × 1) + [0 ×  10 100 1000 5 a 0·8 b 
0·27
6 a 5⋅78 b 12⋅08 c 8⋅107 6 12
49
7 a false b true c false d
true
8 a 0⋅8 b 12⋅8 c 1⋅2 d 17⋅001 DECIMALS 4
9 0⋅043, 0⋅403, 0⋅43, 4⋅03, 4⋅3
6:08 Rounding
10 a 2 b 5 c 3 d 1
1 a 5⋅8 b 13⋅1 c 0⋅5 d 42⋅6
11 a 1 2 1
2 b
25 c
25 2 a 3⋅63 b 0⋅17 c 55⋅09 d 57⋅00
12 a a = 8⋅4, b = 10⋅9, c = 11⋅5 b a = 3⋅254, b = 3⋅47, c = 3⋅11 3 a 8 b 11 c 16 d 6
c a = 4⋅94, b = 5⋅18, c = 5⋅05 d a = 8⋅84, b = 9⋅08, c = 8⋅92 4 700 000
13 a 1⋅24 m b Kim, Cameron, Lee 5 a 1⋅438 b 16⋅259 c 0⋅001
c Chris Smith, Lee Brown, Tracy Evans, Pat O’Sullivan 6 6 kg
14 a apples b apples c apples 7 80 km/h
8 just below 105 km/h
DECIMALS 2 9 a Answers will vary. For example, 5⋅366, 5⋅367, 5⋅368, 5⋅369,
6:02 Addition and subtraction of decimals 5⋅3702, 5⋅3718, 5⋅3735, 5⋅37499
1 a 15⋅01 b 5⋅844 b All numbers between 5⋅365 (inclusive) and 5⋅375 (exclusive) will
2 a 13⋅35 b 0⋅28 round to 5⋅37.
3 42⋅1°C Investigation: The coin trail
4 10⋅84 seconds 81⋅892 m or 82 m (nearest metre)
5 0⋅85 litres 6:09 Applications of decimals (Part 1)
6:03 Multiplying a decimal by a whole number 1 a $23.70 b $32.10 c
$8.10 d
85⋅8 kg
1 a 100⋅8 b
29⋅13 e $24.65 f 65⋅4 kg
2 a 29 b 538⋅1 c
4⋅9 d
6300 e
57⋅91 2 a thousandths b 0⋅03 g
3 $11.16 3 47⋅4 kg
4 $91.52 4 a 5 7 7 6 9 7
6:04 Dividing a decimal by a whole number b 5 7 7 8 2 0
1 a 6⋅91 b 0⋅113 c 6⋅33 d 2⋅175 c 5 8 1 6 1 6
2 a 2⋅345 b 0⋅0036 c 0⋅732 d 0⋅001 56 e 60⋅034
d 9 0 0 5 8 1
f 0⋅007
3 $8.79 5 a Calculation: 14⋅08 - 1⋅27; Answer: 12⋅81 seconds
4 6⋅5 kg b Calculation: 12⋅4 - 10⋅8; Answer: 1⋅6 cm
5 9⋅025 c Calculation: 12 × 0⋅454; Answer: 5⋅448 kg
6 $27.45 d Calculation: 0⋅268 + 0⋅957 + 0⋅037; Answer: 1⋅262 kg
7 The takings ($1847) should be a multiple of $7.50, but they are not. e Calculation: 3⋅48 ÷ 4; Answer: 0⋅87 m
Fun spot: Correcting a wrong answer f Calculation: 1⋅8 - 1⋅32; Answer: 0⋅48 m
812⋅5 g Calculation: 3:49⋅07 - 0:9⋅83; Answer: 3 minutes 39⋅24 seconds
6 a $232.95 b $79.05
DECIMALS 3 7 a $125.90 b 18⋅9 m

6:05 Multiplying a decimal by a decimal


1 a D b B
2 a 0⋅12 b
0⋅4 c
0⋅12 d
9⋅6 e
0⋅6

6 Australian Signpost Mathematics New South Wales 7 Homework Program

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DECIMALS 5 3 a y
6:09 Applications of decimals (Part 2)
1 a $29.15 b $4.95 c $1.00 d $10.00 4
3
2 a $15.40 b $12.30 c $60.00 d $20.30
2
3 a $11.99 b $12.00 C
1
4 a a = $8.31, b = $29.44, c = $10.55 if given in cash
b $5.35 ÷ 3 = $1.78 or $1.80 if paying in cash −4 −3 −2 −1 0 1 2 3 4 x
−1
5 $54.96
−2
6 68 A B
−3
7 a b 4⋅2 m
−4
0·84 m

8 3⋅35 kg b (-1, 1)
9 0⋅46 m or 46 cm 4 (-1, 1) y
10 14⋅03 m
6:10 Using a calculator 4
1 a 120 879 b
40⋅518 c 1 000 000 d 39 3
e 259 f 37 g 2 477 388 h 2996 2
2 9866⋅6 km 1
3 725 760 −4 −3 −2 −1 0 1 2 3 4 x
4 $23 081.90 −1
5 a 54⋅988 b 41 288 c 103 −2
d 344⋅888 e 6 kg for $8.90 f 114 −3
g 59 cents h 0⋅1875 i 39⋅4 −4
j 4⋅7 kg
6 a 49⋅209 b 61 309 c 104
d 390⋅639 e 5 kg for $16.70 f 93 Fun spot: Coordinate puzzle
g 58 cents h 0⋅275 i 41⋅6 EYES DOWN
j 2⋅9 kg 7:05 Addition and subtraction of directed numbers
1 a 5 b -1 c -6 d
-1 e
-11 f -3
g -4 h -49 i 8 j 8 k 29 l -3
7  IRECTED NUMBERS AND THE
D m -112 n
2 a 13 b
-67 o
-2 c
7
-4 d
4 e -5 f -7
NUMBER PLANE g -10 h -22 i -8 j
-8
3 -3 2 1
DIRECTED NUMBERS AND THE NUMBER PLANE 1 4 0 -4
7:01 Directed numbers -1 -2 3
1 a 40 m below b -3
4 1 6 –1 (other answers are possible)
2 a
−4 −3 −2 −1 0 1 2 3 4 3 –2 0 5
b 2 –7 13 –4 2
−2 −1 0 1 2 9 –1 –6 4
–5 11 0
3 a Space Adverts, Biomechanics, Rocketfuel, Gentech
b $29 000 5 a 3 b 1 c 8
4 a < b > c > d >
5 {-12, -10, -8, -3, 0, 2, 5, 7} DIRECTED NUMBERS AND THE NUMBER PLANE 3
6 a They grow slowly. b 120°C 7:06 Subtracting a negative number
7:02 The number plane 1 a 6 b -18 c 1 d 0
1 A = (4, 4) B = (2, 1) C = (1, 5) D = (0, 1) E = (3, 0) 2 a 3 b 3 c 6 d -19 e -1 f 35
2 a, b 
y c none d obtuse g 14 h 8 i -27 j -1 k -39 l 28
5 m -8 n -39 o 13 p -13 q 65 r -93
4 s 150 t -111 u -24 v 53 w 68 x -49
3 3 a 9 b -2 c 3 d -2 e 3 f 3
2
1 g 1 h -3 i -9 j -15 k 5 l -9
m 3 n -24 o -13 p 15 q -41 r -31
0 1 2 3 4 5 x
s -2 t -2 u -4 v -85 w -40 x -26
3 W
4 a -5 b -5 c -14 d -7 e -2 f 2
Fun spot: Coordinate code g -8 h -16 i -3 j -8 k -24 l -9
BREAD WINNER m -77 n 71
5 a 4 b 11 c -3 d 10 e 7 f -16
DIRECTED NUMBERS AND THE NUMBER PLANE 2 g -16 h 13 i -168 j 55 k -2 l 15
7:03 The number plane extended m -100 n -16
1 A = (-1, 3) B = (-2, -4) C = (5, -2) D = (3, 4) E = (0, -2)
2 Y

Copyright © Pearson Australia 2013 (a division of Pearson Australia Group Pty Ltd) ISBN 978 1 4860 0291 7   Answers 7
ASM7HP_Answers.indd 7 19/04/13 10:19 AM
7:07 Multiplication of directed numbers 4 a acute b right-angled c obtuse
1 a -6 b
-5 c 24 d -80 e 33 f 42 5 a x = 70 b x = 53
g -72 h
-80 i -54 j 13 k -14 l 0 6 a 110° b 9°
m 16 n 121 o 0⋅15 p -1⋅6 q -1200 r 40 7 a x = 65 b x = 60 c x = 64
s -18 t
-2 u 96 v 200 w -42 x -240 8 x = 72, y = 36, z = 25
2 a 5 b -6 c -16
7:08 Division of directed numbers 2D AND 3D SPACE 2
1 a 4 b -10 c
-3 d 8 e -6 f 9 8:03 Describing quadrilaterals
g 1 h -1 i 4 j -5 k -1 l -1 1 a no b
yes c
yes d
no e
no f
yes
m 1 n -8 g no
2 a -8 b -4 c 2 d -12 e
-300 f 80 2 Rhombus Rectangle
3 a -40 b
-7 c -36 d -4
Opposite sides parallel yes yes
Fun spot: Clock hands All sides the same length yes no
2 ways
All angles the same size no yes
DIRECTED NUMBERS AND THE NUMBER PLANE 4 Diagonals the same length no yes
Diagonals meet at right-angles yes no
7:09 Using directed numbers
1 a 11 b -2 c -15 d -11 e 27 f -12 3 a square, rectangle, rhombus, parallelogram
g 0 h -1 i 4 j 3 b square, rhombus
2 a -14 b -14 c 21 d 48 e -25 f -25 c square, rectangle, rhombus, parallelogram
3 a 5 b 24 c -4 d -19 e -4 f 50 d square, rectangle
g 4 h 1 4 a b 1 c ‘meet’, ‘cut’ or ‘cross’; ‘are not’
4 a (-4 + -8) ÷ 2 b -1 - (3 × 1 - -2)
5 a -9, -14 b -4, -1 c 48, -96 d 90, -45
6 $4 5 no
7 5 m 6 kite
8 $59 7 rhombus
9 21°
8:04 Finding the size of an angle
10 4 - -3 = 7°
1 a a = 60 b b = 235 c c = 37
11 -6 - -11 = 5 strokes
2 a d = 120 b e = 120 c f = 109
7:10 Directed numbers and algebra d g = 50, h = 130, i = 280
1 a -10x b -3x c 7x d -9x e 16x f -x 3 a x = 68 b x = 65, y = 50 c x = 60
g -6x h 10x 4 a x = 38 b x = 80 c x = 11 d x = 250
2 a -15x b -14x c -4y d y e 40x f -8y
3 a 8 b -28 c 20 d -8 e -3 f -480 2D AND 3D SPACE 3
g -24 h 96 i -9 j -64
8:05 Solids
4 a -3 b 15 c -12 d -1 e 2 f -36
1 a cone b
cuboid c
cube d
cylinder
g 21 h 47 i -21 j -6
2
Fun spot: Stop the world—I want to get off!
FOR FAST ACTING RELIEF TRY SLOWING DOWN

8 2D AND 3D SPACE 3

B
C

A
D

2D AND 3D SPACE 1
8:01 Plane shapes G
H

1 a hexagon b triangle c octagon F E


d quadrilateral e pentagon f decagon
2 Polygons have straight sides, whereas circles are curved so they are 4 a cube, square
not polygons. b tetrahedron, equilateral triangle
3 a trapezium b
c 5 Name of solid Number of Number of Number of
faces edges vertices
Cube 6 12 8
4 a b Tetrahedron 4 6 4
Hexagonal prism 8 18 12
8:06 Nets of solids
5 a IJML b CDIH c BCFE d HILK
1 a cube b cylinder
e ACFE f DGJI g BCHE h ACBE
2 a i 3 ii 1 iii 4 iv
2
8:02 Types of triangles and their properties b
1 a scalene b equilateral c
isosceles 1
2 a isosceles b equilateral c
scalene
2 C
3 a b impossible B
3
A D
4

8 Australian Signpost Mathematics New South Wales 7 Homework Program

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3 a 2 cm b 2 61  of 24
1 cm 2·2 cm
3
1 cm 2 cm
1 1 2 11
0 – – – –– 1
4 2 3 12

1 cm 4 a 43 > 23 b
1 5
4 < 12
1 cm 3 9 3
5 10 , 20 , 4
Investigation: Truncating shapes 9:03 Review of fractions
1 tetrahedron 1 , C =  1 , F =  1 , G =  1 , H =  1
1 A =  91 , B =  12 6 2 4 8
2 a trapeziums b
12 c
pyramid
2 a 13 b
2
3
2D AND 3D SPACE 4 3 a 23 , strips A and D b
2 , strips B and D
3
8:07 Drawing pictures of solids 3
c 21 , strips F and G d
1 a b 4 , strips G and H
4
4 a 21 b
2 c
5
2 d
3 9

3 53 c
5 a 1 21 b 1
1 10
6 6 43  minutes
2 a b
c 23
7 a 13
2 b 7 c
37
8

8 a 19 19
5 b

3 FRACTIONS 2
9:04 Addition and subtraction of fractions
7 19 19
1 a 12 b
20 c 24
4 2 13
20
3 a 8 b
2
5 3 1
4 a 24 b
10 c 24
1
5 10
5 a b
7
6 20
6 3
7 a 25 b
5
Fun spot: The heaviest money box
Vernon
8:08 Looking at solids from different views
9:05 Addition and subtraction of mixed numbers
1 front right
1 a 8 53 b 9 25
15 c
top left
11 b
2 a 8 24 3 23 c 4 17
20
2 a Top view and side view are the same for each solid.
5
b 3 a 13 b 3 85
12 c

4 a 4 53 b
1 25
7 4
5 a 1 20 b 5

3 a cube b cone c cylinder d pyramid 9:06 Multiplication of fractions


4 a front view b 10 c 16 6
1 a 35 1
b 21 7
8 c
100 d 16

3 13 c
2 a 16 b 3 13 d
1
9 FRACTIONS 1
3 10

4 7 21  hours
FRACTIONS 1
9:01 Exploring fractions FRACTIONS 3
4 4
1 a 12 or 13 b 1
12 or 3 9:07 Division involving fractions
2 47 1 a 41 b 1
3 c
2
7
3 28 or 41 2 a 83 b 3
14
7
4 50 3 a 98 b
5 c 1
12
6
5 16 or 83 4 a 10 5
27 b
3
8 c
7
4 d 8
50 e
6 $115 2 b
5 a 3 11 7
1 34
2 d
9 c
3 35
7 a 72 litres b
24 litres
2  So, 19 candles because 18 would not be enough.
6 18 11
9:02 Comparing fractions
1 a 21 b
1 7 2 7 7 pills
4 c 11 d
5

Copyright © Pearson Australia 2013 (a division of Pearson Australia Group Pty Ltd) ISBN 978 1 4860 0291 7   Answers 9
ASM7HP_Answers.indd 9 19/04/13 10:19 AM
9:08 Fractions of quantities 9 15 :  8
1 a $4 b 75 m 10 a 12
2 a 14 b 28 c 15 d 69 b 180 avocados; 300 bananas; 90 avocados and 150 bananas.
3 a $20 b
21 cm c 70 kg d $200 Other answers are possible.
4 43  × 60 = 45 9:12 Best buys
1 The packet of 6 is the best buy.
5 a 48 b
24
2 $5
6 $36
7 3 3
3 The best buy is to buy two packs of 50. This costs $7.08, which is
7 a 21 b
10 c
2
5 d e 20
3 11 cents cheaper than buying a pack of 100 tea bags for $7.19.
8 a 41 b
1 7 1 1 4 $16.37
5 c
20 d
4 e
10
5 Cheapest to dearest order is 6, 12, 4.
FRACTIONS 4 6 The 750 g block is a better buy than the 500 g block.
One way of explaining is to work out the price for 100 g:
9:09 Using a calculator
$12.37 ÷ 5 > $17.92 ÷ 7⋅5.
13
1 a 17 b 83 3
c 13 7 The best buy is to buy two packets, which costs $3.66 compared to
2 a 17 31 58
c - 123 d 2 16 151 $4.50.You would save 8 cents.
28 b 91 21 e 8 240
8 7 tickets
23 3 45
3 a 126 b 2 16 c 14 92 d 56
Investigation: Lawn fertiliser
23
4 a 30 b 160 minutes 11
c 1 40 7
d 7 10 2⋅6 × 188 = 488⋅8 ha
5 a 2040 b 2300 So buy 490 kg.
Note that the 50 kg price is more than twice the 25 kg price, so don’t
9:10 Applications of fractions
buy any 50 kg bags.
1 40
Three possibilities:
2 a 5 b 25
1 500 kg = 20 × 25 kg bags costs 20 × $56.90 = $1138
3 41 2 490 kg = 49 × 10 kg bags costs 49 × $23.90 = $1171.10
9
4 20 3 490 kg = 19 × 25 kg bags plus
5
4 × 10 kg bags costs 19 × $56.90 + 4 × $23.90 = $1176.70
5 12 The cheapest option is to buy 20 bags of 25 kg.
17
6 120

10 PERIMETER, AREA AND VOLUME


5
7 18

8 61

9 a 17
5 b 17 m PERIMETER, AREA AND VOLUME 1
100
10:01 Perimeter
10 a 3 b 100 times 1 a P = 5 + 3 + 5 + 3
11 a b 2 43  cm = 16 cm
b P = 8 + 10 + 6
= 24 cm
c P = 11 + 12 + 16 + 13
= 52 m
d P = 9 + 10 + 11 + 18 + 20 + 8
3
2 4– cm = 76 cm
2 a P = 12 × 4
= 48 cm
b P = (6⋅3 + 8⋅7) × 2
1
= 30 cm
5 2– cm 3 a P = 6 × 4
= 24 cm
b P = (7 + 15) × 2
12 5 41 = 44 cm
c P = 8 × 8
13 900 g
= 64 cm
d P = (4 × 4) + (3 × 4) + (10 × 2) + (5 × 2)
FRACTIONS 5 = 58 m
9:11 Ratios 4 P = (15 × 6)
1 a 13 :  12 b 5 :  3
= 90 cm
2 a i F ii H iii J iv C
5 a P = 152 m
b F
b 12 trees
3 a 3 :  2 b 3 :  8 c 1 :  3 d 3 :  4 e 2 :  3 f 3 :  5
6 8
4 less sweet
7 Students’ answers will vary.
5 a 72 b 2 :  5 Possible answer:
3
6 a 20 b 187 P = (0⋅9 + 0⋅6) × 2 = 3⋅6 m
8 P = 8 + 6 + 9 + 6 + 17 + 12 = 58 m
7 7 :  3
9 a x = 8 m, y = 16 m b P = 78 m
8 a 2 :  3 b 2 :  1

10 Australian Signpost Mathematics New South Wales 7 Homework Program

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10 Sometimes true. b There is more than one way to divide the shape into rectangles.
Examples: One possible way:
600 m


400 m A1
equal perimeter
700 m


A2
greater perimeter
Investigation: Shapes with the same perimeter
 1–3  Students’ answers will vary. 300 m
4 square
Area = A1 + A2 = (400 × 600) + (300 × 300)
= 240 000 + 90 000
PERIMETER, AREA AND VOLUME 2 = 330 000
10:02 The definition of area = 330 000 ÷ 10 000
1 B, C, A = 33 ha
2 2
2 a 6 cm b 12 cm 5 Length of white square: Area of inner square:
2 2 2
3 a 8 cm b 8 cm c 21 cm 30 - 4 - 4 = 22 cm A = 22 × 22 = 484 cm2
2 2
4 a 16 cm b 8 cm
Fun spot: Five squares PERIMETER, AREA AND VOLUME 3
1 72 ÷ 12 = 6 10:04 Area of a triangle
Each tile has side length of 6 cm. 1 a 15 cm
2
b 120 cm
2
c 30 cm
2
The base of the rectangle is: 5 × 6 = 30 cm d 15 m
2
e 84 m
2
f 36 cm
2
2
2 The area of one tile is: 6 × 6 = 36 cm
2 a A = 21 (b × h ) b A = 21 (b × h )
3 Student’s answers may vary.
a = 21 (2 × 2) = 21 (3 × 1·5)
= 1 ×4 1
2 = 2 × 4·5
2
= 2 cm = 2·25 cm 2
2
b 3 A = 15 cm
4 This square can be divided into two triangles.
Each triangle has a base length of 4 cm and perpendicular height
of 2 cm.
The area of one triangle:
10:03 Area of a rectangle A = 21 (b × h )
1 a A = 5 × 10 b A = 4 × 1⋅5
= 50 cm2 = 6 cm2 = 21 (4 × 2)
c A = 30 × 29 d A = 8 × 8 = 1
×8
2
= 870 cm2 = 64 m2
2 There is more than one correct way to divide up the shape. = 4 cm 2
One possible way: The square has an area of:
8m 4 × 2 = 8 cm2
5 A = 21 (b × h )
3m
= 21 (8 × 9)
4m = 1
× 72
2
10 m A1
= 36cm 2
A2 1
7m 6 A = 2 (b × h )
1
60 = 2 × 15 × h
60 = 7·5 × h
12 m h = 60 ÷ 7·5
Area = A1 + A2 = (8 × 10) + (7 × 4) = 8cm 2
= 80 + 28
7 a A = (5 × 8) + 21 (3 × 8)
= 108 m
3 a 50 mm = 5 cm = 40 + 21 × 24
A = 8 × 5 = 40 cm2 = 40 + 12
b 2 m = 200 cm = 52
A = 9000 cm2 or 0⋅9 m2
The area of the shape is 52 cm2.
4 a A = 300 × 400
= 120 000 m2
1 ha = 100 × 100 = 10 000 m2, so:
120 000 ÷ 10 000
= 12 ha

Copyright © Pearson Australia 2013 (a division of Pearson Australia Group Pty Ltd) ISBN 978 1 4860 0291 7   Answers 11
ASM7HP_Answers.indd 11 19/04/13 10:19 AM
b 12 cm 5 V = 2 × 2 × 2 = 8 cm
6 V = 6 × 6 × 6
4 cm = 216 cm3
7 cm 7 cm 7 V = 20 × 20 × 30
= 12 000 cm3
8 a V = 3 × 6 × 8
3 cm = 144 m3
b 144 ÷ 3 = 48
Area of whole rectangle:
9 V = 5 × 12 × 13 - 5 × 6 × 7
A = 12 × 7
= 780 - 210
= 84 cm2
= 570 cm3
Area of triangle:
10:08 Capacity
A = 21 (b × h ) 1 a 3000 mL b 4600 mL c 600 mL
= 21 (9 × 3) 2 a 4 L b 6⋅5 L c 0⋅8 L
1 3 a 1⋅6 L b 0⋅5 L
= × 27
2 4 a 4000 cm3 b 950 cm3 c 850 cm
3

= 13·5cm 2 5 a V = 25 × 20 × 15 b 7500 mL c 7⋅5 L



The area of the shape is: = 7500 cm3
84 - 13⋅5 = 70⋅5 cm2 6 V = 4 × 6 × 15
= 360 cm3
10:05 Area of a parallelogram
2 2 = 360 mL
1 a 24 m b 120 m
2 2 2 2 7 a V = 21 × 21 × 11 b 4851 mL c 4⋅851 L
2 a 3000 m b 36 cm c 12 m d 216 cm
2 2 = 4851 cm
3 a 26 m b 180 cm 3
8 1 L = 1000 cm
1000 = 10 × 8 × 12⋅5
PERIMETER, AREA AND VOLUME 4 Height = 12⋅5 cm
10:06 Area problems
1 A = 1⋅5 × 2 = 3 m
2 Investigation: The apple juice carton
Students’ answers will vary.
2 A = 12 × 10 - 10 × 8
= 120 - 80
= 40 m2
3 a A = 111 m
2 11 PERCENTAGES
b 5 × 4 area:
10 × 8 = 80 tiles PERCENTAGES 1
13 × 7 area: 11:01 Review of percentages
26 × 14 = 364 tiles 1 35%
80 + 364 = 444 2
Total of 444 tiles are needed.
4 a x + 4 = 2 + 6 y+5=2+8
x + 4 = 8 y + 5 = 10
x = 4 m y = 5 m
b A1 = 21 (2 × 8) + 21 (5 × 6) + 21 (2 × 4) + 21 (4 × 5) 3 a 50% b 8% c 40% d 65% e 80%
= 8 + 15 + 4 + 10 4 a 86% b 14%
19 3 16
= 37 m 2 5 a 51 b
50 c
2
4 d
25 e 25
A2 = 8 × 10 6 less than half; half would be 50%
2 7 a 80% b 75% c 15% d
24% e 85% f 62%
= 80 m
8 a 45% b 35% c 40%
A = 80 − 37
11:02 Changing fractions and decimals to percentages
= 43 m 2 1 a 30% b 40% c 76% d 18⋅75% e 6⋅5%
The area of the four triangles was subtracted from the rectangle f 31% g 31⋅75% h 92⋅5% i 79% j 44⋅9%
to give the area of the shaded shape. 2 a 49% b 60% c 5% d 71⋅8% e 0⋅8%
f 0⋅1% g 31⋅2% h 5⋅9% i 2⋅01% j 30⋅08%
5 a A1 = 21 (4 × 8)
b A = 16 + 50
= 66 cm2 Fun spot: What am I?
2
= 16 cm 441
c A = 20 × 66 11:03 Changing percentages to fractions and decimals
= 1320 cm2 19
1 a 100 b 41 99
c 100 39
d 100 e 43 f 1
5
1320 ÷ 500 = 2⋅63 cans of paint are required.
3 1 3 2 3
g h 20 i j k 21 l
10:07 Volume of a rectangular prism 100 50 5 5
1 a V = 2 × 5 × 8 b V = 2 × 7 × 20 m 9
n 44 o 46 37
10 50 50 p 50
= 80 cm3 = 280 cm3 2 a 0⋅5 b 0⋅4 c 0⋅23 d 0⋅37
2 V = 7 × 7 × 7
e 0⋅6 f 1⋅5 g 0⋅125 h 0⋅793
= 343 cm3 i 0⋅067 j 0⋅0635 k 0⋅0023 l 0⋅010 49
3
3 V = 4 × 4 × 4 = 64 cm
m 50⋅00 n 0⋅23 o 0⋅000 47 p 0⋅100 72
4 a 40 b 20 c 144 d 180
e 64 f 1 g 2 h 4

12 Australian Signpost Mathematics New South Wales 7 Homework Program

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PERCENTAGES 2
11:04 Finding a percentage of a quantity 12 PROBABILITY
1 a $30 b 38 c $112 e
72 m d 80 kg
2 $180 PROBABILITY 1
3 $20.65 12:01 The language of probability
4 144 kg 1 a unlikely to happen b unlikely to happen
5 a 112 b 168 c certain to happen d unlikely to happen
6 184 e likely to happen f likely to happen
7 3150 kg g certain to happen
8 75 kg 2 a will never b is certain to c is unlikely to
9 $72 3 a A and C b D
10 260 4 a 0⋅5 b 1
11 $180 5 a–d Students’ own answers.
12 4⋅369 ha 12:02 Sample spaces and experiments
13 $64 170
1 a Second dice
14 39
1 2 3 4
11:05 One quantity as a percentage of another
1 2 3 4 5
1 a 5% b
10% c
3% d
4%

First dice
2 3 4 5 6
 or 8 1 %
2 8 ⋅ 3% 3 3 4 5 6 7
3 3⋅5% 4 5 6 7 8
4 60%
5 a 55% b 50% b i 41 1
ii 16 iii 0 iv 1
6 35%
2 a Gayle
7 a 626 km b 38% c 77 km
50c $1 $1 $2
8 Yes, the first test was 70% and the second test was 76%.
9 a 75% b 25% c 70% d 30% 20c 70c $1.20 $1.20 $2.20

Henry
$2 $2.50 $3 $3 $4
PERCENTAGES 3 $2 $2.50 $3 $3 $4
11:06 Using a calculator 7
1 a $112 b 1300 m c 51⋅2 kg d $59.38 e 180⋅96 g b i 1
6 ii 12 iii 0 iv 43 v 0
2 a 40% b 5% c 6% d 37% e 76⋅9% Investigation: The crooked cricket captain
3 a $7.48 b $58.90 c $4.90 d $5.99 It is more likely that the sum of the number of fingers will be even than
e $15 008⋅55 f $1121.40 the sum will be odd. The two probabilities are P(even) =  13
25  and
4 a 21⋅9% b 4⋅7% c 74⋅5% d $6⋅6% P(odd) =  12
25 .
e 2⋅85% f 39⋅2%
5 5⋅13% PROBABILITY 2
Fun spot: What belongs to me? 12:03 The probability of simple events
MY FIRST NAME 1 a 21 b
1 3
5 c
5
11:07 Applications of percentages
1 12 2 a 51 b
0
2 a 19⋅5 g b 18⋅75 g 3 41
3 a 60% b 40%
7
4 15% 4 a 13 b
12
5 The delay percentages are Broken Hill, 14⋅1 %; Newcastle, 11⋅8%; 5 a Getting a ‘1’ when a fair sided dice is rolled once.
Sydney, 11⋅9%. Broken Hill was worst affected and Newcastle was b Getting a blue pen when choosing a pen at random from a bag
least affected. that has two blue and three red pens.
6 State/territory Area as a % of all Estimated population 6 91
Australian continent in 2025 1
7 a 81 b 5
0 d 7 1
2 c 8 e
8 f 4
NSW 10⋅4% 8 825 000
5 2 9
NT 17⋅5%   272 000 8 a 11 b
11 c 0
11 d
Qld 22⋅5% 5 502 000 9 a 19 b
59
SA 12⋅8% 2 016 000 12:05 Using probability
Tas  0⋅9%   626 000
1 a 53 b
2
3
Vic  3⋅0% 6 755 000
c Box B, because a probability of 23 = 0·6  is higher that a
WA 32⋅9% 2 805 000 3
probability of 5 = 0·6 .
ACT  0⋅0%   436 000
2 a Spinner A
b i It is likely that spinner B will stop on a white sector.
ii It is very unlikely that spinner B will stop on a black sector.
c Sector B is unlikely to stop on the grey sector.
1
3 a 13 b 5 d
2 c 13

Copyright © Pearson Australia 2013 (a division of Pearson Australia Group Pty Ltd) ISBN 978 1 4860 0291 7   Answers 13
ASM7HP_Answers.indd 13 19/04/13 10:19 AM
4 a Armidale - Taree - Newcastle EQUATIONS 2
Armidale - Tamworth - Newcastle 13:03 Solving equations
Armidale - Newcastle 1 a x = 5 b x = 5 c x = 26 d x = 21
b 13 e x = 14 f x = 14 g x = 17 h x = 80
5 a unlikely b likely 2 a x = 4 b x = 92 c x = 20 d x = 500
c very unlikely d
almost certain e x = 22 f x = 0 g x = 180 h x = 5
3 a x = 16 b x = -24 c x = -19 d x = -28
e x = -7 f x = -8 g x = -160 h x = -7
13 EQUATIONS 4 a x = -7 b x = -5 c
e x = 21  or 0⋅5 f x = -3
x = 4 d
g x = -12 h
x = -80
x=2
i x = -27 j x = -4 k x = 6 l x = -13
EQUATIONS 1 m x = -6 n x = -75
13:01 Simple equations
Fun spot: For always!
1 a x = 5 b x = 7 c x = 4 d x = 44
e x = 41 f x = 29 6x + 8
− 3x = 21 (6x + 8) − 3x
2 a x = 9 b x = 24 c x = 40 d
x = 43 2
e x = 99 f x = 71 = 3x + 4 − 3x
3 a x = 2 b x = 6 c x = 9 d x=3 =4
e x = 8 f x=7 13:04 Two-step equations
4 a x = 20 b x = 48 c x = 45 d
x=5 1 a x = 3 b x = 10 c
x = 7 d x = -1
e x = 0 f x = 150 e x = -1 f
x = -5
5 a x = 5 b x = 17 c x = 7 d x = 21 2 a x = 8 b x = 37 c
x = 30 d
x=5
e x = 19 f x = 16 g x = 58 h
x = 54 e x = -2 f
x = -14
i x = 477 j x = 291 k
x = 13 l
x = 500
3 a x =  75 b x =  92 or 4 21 d x = - 25
x = 7 21 c
m x = 13 n x = 42
13:02 Inverse operations—backtracking Fun spot: What did the bald man say?
1 a b ÷6 +2 HAIR TODAY, GONE TOMORROW
6x x x−2 x
c
EQUATIONS 3
×3 −5
x+5 x+5 x
13:05 Solving problems using algebra
3 x
1 a x + 5 = 33 b
6x = 42 c 3x = 18
 = 2 d
d − 10 ÷ −8 8
10 − 8x −8x x 2 a When 7 is subtracted from a number the result is 18.
2 a b b When a number is multiplied by 8 the result is 24.
÷6 × 20
x c When 11 is added to a number the result is 19.
6x x x
20 d When a number is divided by 5 the result is 10.
c d +2 ÷5 −3 ×6 3 a the number of passengers b x = 37
5x − 2 5x x x x x 4 a t = 2n + 5 b 2n + 5 = 45
+3
6 6
n = 20
e −7 ÷2 5 a 2x + 6 = 40 b x = 17
2x + 7 2x x
13:06 Investigation of real problems
f 1 a B: 4x + 3 = 39 b x=9
+3 ×4
x
−3
x x 2 a 2x + 3 = 19 b x = 8 km
4 4 3 a $4.40 b $2.02
g × 10 −5 c 2n - 40 = 750
x+5 x+5 x n = 395, that is, the motorist parked for 6 hours and 35 minutes
10
d $2; 2 cents
h ×4 +3 ÷2 4 a the number of days in a month b $43.50
2x − 3 2x − 3 2x x
4 c 25⋅5 + 4⋅5m = 102 d C = 0⋅95d + 3m
m = 17
3 a add 17 b divide by -4
c subtract 2, then divide by 6 d multiply by 5, then add 1
4 a add 4, then divide by 3
b subtract 5, then multiply by 2
14 STATISTICS
c subtract 7, then divide by -1
d multiply by 7, then add 8, then divide by 3 STATISTICS 1
e subtract 6 and then divide by 10 14:01-14:02 Types of data and collecting data
Fun spot: Who’s who? 1 a numerical b ordinal c numerical
The oldest is a teacher, who walks to work and owns a dog. The one in d categorical e numerical
the middle is a lawyer, who owns a cat and cycles to work. The youngest 2 a discrete c continuous e continuous
is an accountant who drives to work and who owns a goldfish. 3 Students’ answers will vary.
a satisfaction with the school’s WiFi
b number of SMS messages (texts) sent yesterday
c length of time between battery recharges
d brand of smartphone owned

14 Australian Signpost Mathematics New South Wales 7 Homework Program

ASM7HP_Answers.indd 14 19/04/13 10:19 AM


4 a Any fault may not be in the first group of phone-lines; it could 3 691 kg
be in the middle of the street, or anywhere. 4 The schoolboy pack (combined weight of 496 kg) is heavier than the
b If people are at the dentist, they almost certainly can afford to adult pack (combined weight of 486 kg)
be there. 5 $34
c They should survey all people for NSW not just Newcastle. 6 a 61 seconds b
Eun-Wah
d If people are in full-time work, they are unlikely to be at home 7 158 cm
between 9 am and 5 pm. He also needs to survey people who do 8 a 35 cents b $1.80 c the mean
not have a phone. 9 a 2 b 26
5 B This will choose an occupant at random. A disabled person might c Number of siblings Frequency x×f
be less likely to answer the door than others might.
0  2  0
6 a unrepresentative—having a bicycle may help them carry a heavier
1  7  7
bag that those who walk, or might make them bring a lighter bag
2  8 16
that those who came by bus.
b representative 3  7 21
c unrepresentative—Year 7 students may carry lighter bags than 4  0  0
students in the higher grades, or students in the higher grades 5  2 10
may use iPads or laptops in class rather than text books. Total: 26 54
7 a False—over 10 00 replied, which is a large sample. d 54 ÷ 26 = 2⋅077 siblings per student e 2
b True 10 a 54 minutes b $2.80
e False—it is unlikely people would phone twice, and even if they 11 mode
did, it would be unrelated to whether they said ‘yes’ or ‘no’. 12 a 2 b 3 c 3 ⋅ 3
d True d the mean, because the total number of people to cook for can be
e False—this would be unrelated to whether they said ‘yes’ or ‘no’. worked out from the mean.
f True g False e the mode as this is the size table that will be most useful
13 a the mode b the mean, the number of coins
STATISTICS 2 14 7, 8, 8, 8, 9 (other answers are possible)
14:03 Sorting data
1 a Number of tickets Tally Frequency STATISTICS 4
0  ||||   ||||   10 14:05 Dot plots
1  ||||   ||||   || 12 1 a 19 b
6
2  ||||    5 2

3 |||  3
4 ||  2
5  0
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
6 |  1
3 a 7 b
1 c
41
b 6 tickets 4
c 1 ticket—has the highest frequency.
2 a 8 b 2
c This gives the total number of houses.
27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35
3 a Coin Frequency Value
  5c   33   $1.65 Number of students in Year 7 classes

10c   49   $4.90 Investigation: First initials


20c   80  $16.00 a Results will vary.
50c   35  $17.50 b Mode
c Dot plots are only used for numerical data
$1   71  $71.00
$2   23  $46.00 14:06 Stem-and-leaf plots
1 Scores in golf tournament
Total: 291 $157.05
Stem Leaf
$157.05
b 291 c
 6 89
14:04 Analysing data (Part 1)
 7 113677
1 a 19, 22 b 20, 10
 8 01234558
2 a range = 31, median = 49 b range = 8, median = 6
 9 122
c range = 32, median = 35⋅5
10 5
3 a 5 b 45 c 15
4 8⋅9 2 a 135 b 125⋅5 c 86
Fun spot: Terrible twins 3 a 94 b 110 c 5 d 114
12 4 a 48 for, 57 against
b i The team must have won the game in which 29 goals are
STATISTICS 3 conceded because it scored more that 29 in each of its games.
ii 8
14:04 Analysing data (Part 2)
1 a 64⋅55 b
620⋅95
2 62 cents

Copyright © Pearson Australia 2013 (a division of Pearson Australia Group Pty Ltd) ISBN 978 1 4860 0291 7   Answers 15
ASM7HP_Answers.indd 15 19/04/13 10:19 AM
c P ′
15 S YMMETRY AND P
Q′
Q

TRANSFORMATIONS S′
R′ T
R
S
SYMMETRY AND TRANSFORMATIONS 1 4
15:01 Symmetry image
1 a b

object
2 H, I, X
5 a C b x = 12 cm, y = 10 cm, z = 115°
E c
3 a b kite
15:04 Reflection
1 a b

4 BF
5

c d

6 Students’ answers will vary. Here is one example.

2 a b 2019
‘word’

number on
7 a yes b
4 calculator
8 Japan Kenya Panama Australia kite
3 a b
Line symmetry yes yes no no
Point symmetry yes no yes no
15:02 Transformations
1 a reflection or rotation b reflection or translation
c rotation only d reflection or rotation
e translation only
2 a translation b rotation c reflection
3 a translation b reflection c rotation
4 a b
SYMMETRY AND TRANSFORMATIONS 2
15:03 Translation
1 a 4 units to the right and 1 unit up
b 3 units to the left and 2 units down
c 5 units to the right and 2 units down c d
2 a b A A
A′
A′

3 a b
B A
D
A′ 5
A C C
B′ D′ B
C′
B′
A′ C′

16 Australian Signpost Mathematics New South Wales 7 Homework Program

ASM7HP_Answers.indd 16 19/04/13 10:19 AM


6 a 4 b
C c
n

SYMMETRY AND TRANSFORMATIONS 3


15:05 Rotation
1 a 6
b i true ii true iii false
2 a 2 b 180°
3

4 a b

5 a b
Q B′ A′
P
C C′ R′
Q′ R

A B S
P′
c A′

B′ D
A C

C′ B

15:06 Combined transformations


1 a

m n
b A translation of 8 units to the right
2 rotation of 270°
3 a yes b no c yes d no
4 a
B″ B
C″ III I C
A″ A
A′
C′ II
B′
b reflection in the y-axis
5 a rotation through 180° (half-turn)
b reflection in mirror line m

Copyright © Pearson Australia 2013 (a division of Pearson Australia Group Pty Ltd) ISBN 978 1 4860 0291 7   Answers 17
ASM7HP_Answers.indd 17 19/04/13 10:19 AM

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