Group Assignment

Submitted in order to complete out English assignment

Submitted by: Ahmad Hidayatullah S. (181331034)

Azahra Rahma D. (181331037)
Dimas Arya A. (181331039)
Syeviera Minawati A. (181331062)
Submitted to : Dra.Sri Hastuti, Ass.Dipl.Lib, M.pd

Study Program of Diploma Telecommunication Engineering

Department of Electronics Engineering
Bandung State Polytechnic
2019
 Types of Satellite

Nowadays satellites are used for various kinds of work in order to make communication a lot easier.
Satellites also help scientists to better understand the solar systems and the universe through
research with the help of satellites. A satellite generally is an objects that orbits another object
within certain revolution and rotation periods.There are two tyoes of satellites: natural satellites
such as the moons which orbit the Earth or other planets and artificial or man-made satellites such
as communication Satellitea which orbit the Earth. In order to operate, a satellite needs to be
launched into its orbit on a rocket. Developed countries such as USA, Russia, Republic of china, and
France have space centers to launch their satellites into orbit. Artificial satellites can be classified
according to their shapes and functions such as weather satellites, communication satellites, and
military satellites.

A weather satellite is a type of satellite that is primarily used to monitor the weather and climate of
the Earth. Satellites can be polar orbiting, covering the entire Earth asynchronously, or
geostationary, hovering over the same spot on the equator.They also measure gases in the
atmosphere such as ozone, carbon dioxide, and the amount of energy that the Earth absorbs and
emits. Natural disasters such as El Nino and its effects on weather are monitored daily from satellite
images. Weather satellites also help meteorologists to forcast weather and track hurricanes.

A military satellite is an artificial satellite used for a military purpose. The first military satellites were
photographic reconnaissance missions. The first military satellite in space was launched by the union
of soviet in 1957, known as Sputlink 1. Some attempts were made to develop satellite- based
weapons but this work was halted in 1967 following the ratification of international treaties banning
the deployment of weapons of mass destruction in orbit. The most common missions are
intelligence, navigation and military communications. As of December 2018 there are 320 military or
dual-use satellites in the sky, half of which are owned by the USA, followed by Russia, China and
India.

A communication satellite is a wireless communication device in Earth’s orbit that uses a

transponder to send and receive data from Earth. The purpose of communication satellites is to
relay the signal around the curve of the Earth allowing communication between widely separated
geographical points. Communication satellites use a wide range of radio and microwave frequencies.
To avoid signal interference, international organizations have regulations for which frequency ranges
or "bands" for certain organizations are allowed to use. This allocation of bands minimizes the risk of
signal interference. Based on the intended destination, a communication satellite redirects the
waves to the corresponding station.

In conclusion, satellites are a very beneficial invention in human life. Some take pictures of the
planets to help scientists to better understand the space and universe; Others are used to monitor
the climate change and for navigation and military communication. The advantages of satellites are
mainly for communications such as beaming TV signals and phone calls around the world. A group of
more than 20 satellites make up the Global Positioning System, or GPS. If you have a GPS receiver,
these satellites can help figure out your exact location.