Maria Monica Ana Mendoza 12-HUMSS Physical Science

G-25

Reaction paper on the Birth of the Universe

The Big Bang Theory is not an explosion, but how the universe expanded. Big
Bang is the evolution of the Universe, and how life came to earth- planets, galaxies,
stars, plants, animals, and humans. In the beginning there was nothing. No space, no
time, no matter. And then there was light, this light is so small from a size of a small point
of singularity to a size of a fruit- expanding. Inside of that fireball is space; the beginning
of time. At that time the universe is still hot that the Universe could not create an atom
to from the first element. As the Universe rapidly expands, space itself expands, faster
than the speed of light. The baby Universe (as it termed in the video), converted pure
energy into atoms, but there was a setback. The Universe created both matter and
antimatter and when they met, they obliterate or annihilate with each other forming
the first element- Hydrogen.

One of the biggest laboratories have created a model that

would structure the beginning of the Universe. Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider (RIC)
explains the smashing of subatomic particles and generate heat. According to Dr. Todd
Sagogata, from Brookhaven National Laboratories explains that when particles collide,
they throw out a shower of smaller particles which is/are matter. The Universe is full of
subatomic particles, smashing against each other releasing energy, and can’t bond
with each other to form atoms. As the Universe cooled down, the particles (protons and
neutrons) are ready to bond to form the first element. However, to form the first
element, it needed electrons. As the Universe cooled down, the protons bond with
electrons to form Hydrogen, and then Helium. At the time of Universe as hot-dense,
there was a fog blocking the light. As the two particles bond (protons and electrons),
light was able to pass through. Gravity makes Hydrogen gas and Helium gas to
combine to form into giant clouds: small clumps of gas combine to form the first stars.
Discovered by Fred Hoyle, he learned that starts are creating heavier elements, heavier
than Hydrogen and Helium.
 The core of the star began to fuse other elements, from Carbon to Iron. The
Universe is still incomplete to form life- looking for heavier elements than Iron. A massive
exploding star, called the Supernovas. As the lighter stars fuse and collapse, they tend
to explode releasing a great amount of energy. Particles from an exploding star fuses
and form heavier elements than Iron, elements that we know of today. A debris of gas
and dust from the supernova begins to form our star-the Sun. Galaxies gather together
under gravity, the first star dies and eventually become new stars, planets, and life.
Scientists began to wonder whether the Universe slows down and crunch back down or
know as Big Crunch. Scientists came up with theories on their own. In Shock, the
Universe continuously speeds up it’s expanding and never slows down. We may not
know how the Universe end and everything will go back as a cold and dark space.