BMEN 3120 Frequency selective circuit

UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT DALLAS

Project 1

Ami Shah
Sanyukta Bihari
10/22/2015

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BMEN 3120 Frequency selective circuit

INTRODUCTION

In this lab we are trying to create a circuit that is frequency selective, or in other words
it filters noise to allow a particular range of data to be processed through the input
signal. This is a common application used in many different biomedical applications.
The circuit is made so that only signals in a specified range can pass through the filter,
while all others outside the range are ignored by the device.

THEORY

In this lab there were three different types of filters that were analyzed. Those that were
used in depth include passive band pass, passive low pass, and passive high pass filters.
There are a few differences amongst these different types of filters. A passive low pass
filter is one that allows only low frequencies to pass through from 0 Hz to the cut-off
frequency. On the other hand, a high pass filter allows for high frequencies from its cut-
off frequency to pass through the filter. Lastly, a band pass filter is one that combines
both low pass and high pass filters by allowing a certain frequency band to pass
through, while blocking lower and higher frequencies that don’t fall within the range.

Another important method used in this lab was the use of a BJT as a switch. This is
basically what was done in lab four in that NPN BJTs have transistors where the flow of
electrons is dominant, while PNP BJTs have the flow of holes dominant. This is why
both BJTs are very similar other than the fact that signs of current and voltage are
opposite. If in forward active mode, the base emitter is forward biased allowing
electrons. Since the base is narrow, when positive bias is applied, electrons flow from
the emitter to the base. Even if the base junction is reverse biased, minority carriers
allow the flow of large amounts of current. The amount of current that passes through
is dependent on the base current and collector emitter voltage, but BJTs in general act as
amplifiers and current- controlled switches.

METHODS

1. Connect the function generator at the input of your circuit and set it to output a 5
Vpp sine wave
2. Calculate values for the resistor and capacitor in order to have a low and high
pass filter
3. Use a bode plot analyzer in Multisim to see what the range of the frequencies
allowed are
4. A half wave rectifier is then used so the circuit filters into a DC signal. It is placed
before the resistor in order to get the correct result
5. A capacitor is used in order to smooth out the signal

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BMEN 3120 Frequency selective circuit

6. In order to flow current through an LED, a transistor has to be placed after the
resistor and before the LED
7. Once placed and working, the circuit was alternated in order to get the closest
range that worked at 10KHz

EQUIPMENT REQUIRED

 Function generator
 Multisim (optional)
 Resistors - ??
 Capacitors- ??
 LED light – 1
 Diode – 1
 NPN? Transistor – 1
 Elvis Board – 1
 Wires – as required

The lab was mostly a combination of lab three and four so it wasn’t difficult to
understand the steps we had to take in order to do what was asked. The most difficult
part was trying to get the correct value resistors and capacitors because the theoretical
values didn’t match up with the experimental values when we were trying to get a
short range that the LED light would light up. It was also difficult to get the LED to
light up because it required more voltage than what was being supplied. We learned
that adding a capacitor in parallel to the diode allows the output wave to appear
smoother with less noise.

RESULTS & ANALYSIS

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BMEN 3120 Frequency selective circuit

Figure 1: 50KHz frequency

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BMEN 3120 Frequency selective circuit

Figure 2: 10KHz frequency

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BMEN 3120 Frequency selective circuit

Figure 3: Multisim and frequency range

PART II

Figure 4: Half- wave rectifier

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BMEN 3120 Frequency selective circuit

PRACTICAL APPLICATION

CONCLUSION

REFERENCES

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BMEN 3120 Frequency selective circuit

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