PHYSICS

EXERCISE 81
R

Q.1 A wire is replaced by another wire of same length and material but of twice diameter.

(i) What will be the effect on the increase in its length under a given load?

(ii) What will be the effect on the maximum load which it can be bear?

Q.2 If the potential energy is minimum at r = r0 = 0.74Å, is the force attractive or repulsive at r = 0.5Å,
1.9Å and ¥ ?

Q.3 A structural steel rod has a radius of 100m and a length 1m. A 100KN force stretches it along its
length. Calculate

(i) the stress

(ii) elongation and

(iii) percentage strain on the rod.

Given that the Young’s modulus of elasticity of the structural steel is 2.0 × 1011 Pa.

Q.4 A balloon filled with helium does not rise in air indefinitely but halts after a certain height. Why?

Q.5 Hydrostatic pressure is a scalar quantity even through pressure is force divided by area and force is a
vector. Why?

Q.6 A block of wood floats in a bucket of water in a lift. Will the block sink more or less if the lift starts
accelerating up ?

Q.7 Two row boats moving parallel to each other and near by, are pulled towards each other. Explain.

Q.8 Why is the pressure of water reduced when it comes to narrow pipe from wide pipe while flowing?

Q.9 Why should a field be ploughed before sowing?

Q.10 A block of ice is floating in a liquid of specific gravity 1.2 contained in a beaker. What will be the effect
on the level of liquid in the beaker when the whole ice melts?

Q.11 The cross section of two pistons in a hydraulic press are 2cm2 and 150cm2 respectively. Calculate the
minimum force required to support a weight of 2000 kg wt on the broader face of the press.

Q.12 Why does oil spread over the surface of water?

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PHYSICS

Q.13 Show that the density r of water of bulk modulus B at a depth y in the ocean is related to the density
at surface r0 by the relation

r = r0 [1 + (p0gy/B)]

Q.14 Atmospheric pressure is 105 N/m2 and the area of a person’s chest in about 0.1m2, the force on the
atmosphere on one’s chest is about 10,000 N ( º 1000kg). Why do not our bodies collapse?

Q.15 Lead has a greater density than iron, and both are denser than water. Is the buoyant-force on a lead
object greater than, lesser than or equal to the buoyant-force on a lead object greater than, lesser than
or equal to the buoyant-force on an iron object of the same volume?

Q.16 A block of wood flats in a bucket of water in a lift. Will the block sink more or less if the left starts
acceleration up ?

Q.17 What kind of elasticity is utilised in :

(a) suspension fibre of galvanometer (b) bending of beam (c) cutting a piece of paper (d) propagating
mechanical waves in a fluid (e) in blowing a balloon.

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PHYSICS

EXERCISE 8
2
1. A uniform metal wire fixed at one end is gradually stretched a little beyond its elastic limit-and then
stretching force is removed. It will :
(A) remain stretched and will not contract
(B) lose its elastic property completely
(C) contract, but its final length will be greater than its initial length
(D) contract upto the proportional limit.
2. The length of a uniform metal wire is observed to be l1 and l 2 under the stretching forces F1 and F2 .
The natural length of the wire is :
l1 + l 2 l1 F2 - l 2 F1 l1 F2 + l 2 F1
(A) l 1l 2 (B) (C) F2 - F1 (D) F1 + F2 .
2
3. The diagram shows the change x in the length of a thin uniform wire caused by the application of stress
F at two different temperatures T1 and T2 . The variations shown suggest that :

T2

F T1

(A) T1 > T2 (B) T1 < T2 (C) T1 = T2 (D) None of these.

4. A wire can be broken by applying a load of 20 kg wt. The force required to break the wire of twice the
diameter and same length is :
(A) 20 kg wt (B) 5 kg wt (C) 80 kg wt (D) 160 kg wt.
5. One end of a uniform wire of length L and of weight W is attached rigidly to a point in the roof and a
weight W1 is suspended from its lower end. If S is the area of cross-section of the wire, the stress in
the wire at a height (3 L /4) from its lower end is :
(A) W1 / S (B) [W1 + (W / 4)] / S (C) [W1 + (3W / 4)] / S (D) (W1 + W ) / S .
6. A tensile force of 2 ´ 105 dyne doubles the length of a rubber cord of cross-sectional area 2 cm 2 . The
Young’s modulus of rubber is :
(A) 4 ´ 105 dyne / cm 2 (B) 1´105 dyne / cm 2 (C) 2 ´ 105 dyne / cm 2 (D) 1´104 dyne / cm 2 .
7. As a bubble comes from the bottom of a lake to the top, its radius :
(A) Increases (B) Decreases (C) Does not change (D) Becomes zero.
8. A boy carries a fish in one hand and a bucket of water in the other hand; if he places the fish in the
bucket, the weight now carried by him :
(A) is less than before (B) is more than before
(C) is the same as before (D) depends upon his speed.
9. An inverted bell lying at the bottom of a lake 47.6 m deep has 50 cm3 of air trapped in it. The bell is
brought to the surface of the lake. The volume of the trapped air will be (atmospheric pressure = 70
cm of Hg and density of Hg = 13.6 g/cm3):
3
(A) 350cm3 (B) 300cm3 (C) 250cm3 (D) 22cm .
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PHYSICS
10. An iceberg is floating partially immersed in sea water. If the density of sea water is 1.03 g / cc and that of
ice is 0.92 g / cc , the fraction of the total volume of iceberg above the level of sea water is :
(A) 8% (B) 11% (C) 34% (D) 89%.
11. To get the maximum flight, a ball must be thrown as :

(A) v (B) (C) (D) any of (A), (B) and (C).

12. Three identical vessels are filled to the same height with three different liquids A, B and C
(rA > rB > rC). The pressure at the base will be :
(A) equal in all vessels (B) maximum in vessel A
(C) maximum in vessel B (D) maximum in vessel C
13. The three vessels shown in figure have same base area. Equal masses of a liquid are poured in each
vessel. The force exerted by the liquid at the base area will be :

(A) equal in all vessels (B) maximum in vessel A

(C) maximum in vessel B (D) maximum in vessel C
14. The three vessels shown in figure have same base area. All the vessels are filled with a liquid to the
same height. The force exerted by the liquid at the base area will be :

(A) maximum in vessel A (B) maximum in vessels B

(C) maximum in vessel C (D) equal in all vessels
15. An incompressible liquid of density r is contained in a vessel of uniform cross-sectional area A. If the
atmospheric pressure is p, then the force acting on a horizontal plane of area a situated at a depth d in
liquid is given by :
p rgd p + rgd
(A) Ap + apgd (B) + (C) (D) A(rgd + p)
A a a
16. A sphere of solid material of specific gravity 8 has a concentric spherical cavity and just sinks in water.
Then the ratio of the radius of the cavity to the outer radius of the sphere must be :
1 31/ 3 51/ 3 71/ 3
(A) (B) (C) (D)
2 2 2 2
17. A hollow sphere of volume V is floating on water surface half immersed in it. What should be the
minimum volume of water inside the sphere so that the sphere now sinks into the water ?
(A) V/2 (B) V/3 (C) V/4 (D) V
18. A vessel contains oil (density = 800 kg/m ) over mercury (density = 13600 kg/m3). A homogeneous
3

sphere floats with half of its volume immersed in mercury and the other half in oil as shown as figure.
The density of the material (in kg/m3) is :

Water

Hg

(A) 3300 (B) 6400 (C) 7200 (D) 2800

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PHYSICS
19. The force F needed to support the liquid of density r and the vessel on top in figure is :
Tube area = a

h
H

Frictionless
F piston of area = A

(A) rg ( ha - (H - h ) A ) (B) rgHA (C) rgHa (D) rg ( H - h ) A

20. The discharge velocity at the exit of the pipe in figure shown is :

h
H

(A) (2rH)1 / 2 (B) (2gh )1/ 2 (C) {g (H + h )}1/ 2 (D) 0

21. A fully loaded Boeing aircraft has a mass of 4.0 × 105 kg. Its total wing area is 500 m2. It is in
level flight with a speed of 1080 km/h. The pressure difference between the lower and upper
surfaces of the wings :
(A) 80 N/m2 (B) 8.0 × 103 N/m2 (C) 8.0 × 104 N/m2 (D) 8.0 × 105 N/m2
22. As shown in the figure water squirts horizontally out of two small holes in the side of the cylinder
and the two streams strike the ground at the same point. If hole Q is at a height ‘h’ above ground
and level of water stands to a height H, then the height of P above ground level is :

(A) 2h (B) H/h (C) (H – h) (D) None

23. An application of Bernoulli’s equation for fluid flow is found in the :
(A) dynamic lift of an aeroplane (B) viscosity meter
(C) capillary rise (D) hydraulic press
24. A cubical block is floating in a liquid with half of its volume immersed in the liquid. When the whole
system accelerates upward with a net acceleration g / 3 . The fraction of volume immersed in the
liquid will be :
(A) 1/2 (B) 3/8 (C) 2/3 (D) 3/4
25. Water is filled in a tank as shown in figure. There is a hole from where liquid emerges with speed
v. If air is blown over the tank, the speed v :

(A) will decrease (B) will increase (C) will remain same
(D) May increase or decrease. It will depend on density of liquid.
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PHYSICS
26. The area of cross-section of the two vertical arms
of a hydraulic press are 1 cm2 and 10 cm2 10N vertical
respectively. A force of 10 N applied, as shown F (applied vertically)
in the figure, to a tight fitting light piston in the
thinner arm balances a force F applied to the
corresponding piston in the thicker arm.
Assuming that the levels of water in both the arms
are the same, we can conclude : Water
(A) F = 100 N
(B) F = 50 N
(C) F = 25 N
(D) F, as applied, cannot balance the effect of the force on the first piston.
27. If steel ball of mass m falls in a viscous liquid with terminal velocity v, then the steel ball of mass 8 m
will fall in same liquid with terminal velocity :
(A) v (B) 4 v (C) 8 v (D) 16 2 v
28. A spherical liquid drop of radius R is divided into eight equal droplets. If surface tension is T , then
work done in the process will be :
(A) 2pR 2T (B) 3pR 2T (C) 4pR 2T (D) 2pRT 2 .
29. On putting a capillary tube in a pot filled with water the level of water rises up to a height of 4 cm in the
tube. If a tube of half the diameter is used, the water will rise to the height of nearly :
(A) 2 cm (B) 5 cm (C) 8 cm (D) 11 cm
30. Water rises in a vertical capillary tube upto a length of 10 cm. If the tube is inclined at 45º, the length of
water risen in the tube will be :
(A) 10 2 cm (B) 10 cm (C) 10 / 2 cm (D) None of these
31. The amount of work done in increasing the size of a soap film from 10×6 cm to 10×10 cm is :
(S.T. = 30×10–3 N/m)
(A) 2.4×10–2J (B) 1.2×10–2J (C) 2.4×10–4J (D) 1.2×10–4J
32. Air is pushed into a soap bubble of radius r to double its radius. If the surface tension of the soap
solution is S, the work done in the process is :
(A) 8p r 2 S (B) 12p r 2 S (C) 16p r 2 S (D) 24p r 2 S
33. The surface tension of soap solution is 25 × 10–3 N/m . The excess pressure inside a soap bubble
of diameter 1 cm is :
(A) 5 Pa (B) 10 Pa (C) 20 Pa (D) 40 Pa
34. When a capillary tube is dipped in a liquid, then liquid rises to height h1. Another identical tube closed
from the one end when dipped into the same liquid, then height rised by liquid is h2. If h3 is the height
of second capillary which is to be pressed down into the liquid to make inside and outside level of
liquid same, then :
(A) h1 > h2 = h3 (B) h1 < h2 = h3 (C) h1 > h2 > h3 (D) h1 < h2 < h3
35. A large drop of oil (density 0.8 g / cm 3 and viscosity h0 ) floats up through a column of another liquid
(density 1.2 g/ cm 3 and viscosity hL ). Assuming that the two liquids do not mix, the velocity with which
the oil drop rises will depend on :
(A) h0 only (B) hL only (C) both on h0 and hL (D) neither h0 nor hL .

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PHYSICS
36. A ball of mass ‘m’ and radius ‘r’ is released in viscous liquid. The value of its terminal velocity is
proportional to :
(A) (1/ r ) only (B) m / r (C) (m / r )1/ 2 (D) m only..
37. A small spherical solid ball is dropped in a viscous liquid. Its journey in the liquid is best described in
the figure shown by :
A B

Velocity
C
D

Distance
(A) Curve A (B) Curve B (C) Curve C (D) Curve D.
38. A small spherical solid ball is dropped from a height in a viscous liquid. At the time of entering into
liquid, ball’s velocity is greater than terminal velocity. Its journey in the liquid is best described in the
figure.
A
B
V
C
D

t
(A) Curve A (B) Curve B (C) Curve C (D) Curve D.
39. With increase in temperature the viscosity of :
(A) both gases and liquids increases (B) both gases and liquids decreases
(C) gases increases and of liquids decreases (D) gases decreases and of liquids increases
40. A small drop of oil falls through air with a terminal velocity of 4 × 10–4 m/s. Given that the
viscosity of air is 1.8 × 10–5 N-S/m2, density of oil is 900 kg/m3 and g = 10 m/s2, and neglecting
density of air in the calculation, the radius of the drop is :
(A) 0.55 × 10–6 m (B) 1.9 × 10–6 m (C) 19 × 10–6 m (D) 95 × 10–6 m
41. Eight spherical drops of equal size fall vertically through air with a terminal velocity of 0.1 m/s. If
these eight drops were to combine to form one large spherical drop, then the terminal velocity of
drops is :
(A) 0.4 m/s (B) 0.3 m/s (C) 0.2 m/s (D) 0.8 m/s
42. Viscosity is the property of a liquid due to which it :
(A) occupies minimum surface area (B) opposes relative motion between its adjacent layers
(C) becomes spherical in shape (D) tends to regain its deformed position

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PHYSICS

EXERCISE 8
3R

1. A U-tube contains water and methylated spirit separated by mercury. The mercury columns in the
two arms are in level with 10.0 cm of water in one arm and 12.5 cm of spirit in the other. What
is the specific gravity of spirit?

2. In the previous problem, if 15.0 cm of water and spirit each are further poured into the respective
arms of the tube, what is the difference in the levels of mercury in the two arms? (Specific gravity
of mercury = 13.6).

3. Two narrow bores of diameters 3.0 mm and 6.0 mm are joined together to form a U-tube open
at both ends. If the U-tube contains water, what is the difference in its levels in the two limbs of
the tube? Surface tension of water at the temperature of the experiment is 7.3 ´ 10-2 Nm -1 . Take the
angle of contact to be zero and density of water to be 1.0 ´ 103 kgm-3 ( g = 9.8 ms-2 ) .

4. A hydraulic automobile lift is designed to lift cars with a maximum mass of 3000 kg. The area of
cross-section of the piston carrying the load is 425 cm2. What maximum pressure would the smaller
piston have to bear? (g = 9.8 m/s2)
5. A spring balance reads 10 kg when a bucket of water is suspended from it. What is the reading
of the spring balance when
(a) an ice cube of mass 1.5 kg is put into the bucket?
(b) an iron piece of mass 7.8 kg suspended by another string is immersed with half its volume
inside the water in the bucket? (Relative density of iron = 7.8).

6. A beaker of mass 1 kg contains 2 kg of water and rests on a scale. A 2 kg block of aluminium

(specific gravity 2.70) suspended from a spring scale is submerged in water, as shown in figure. Find
the readings of both scales.

7. A siphon tube is discharging a liquid of specific gravity 0.9 from a reservoir

as shown in the figure.
(a) Find the velocity of the liquid through the siphon.
(b) Find the pressure at the highest point B.
(c) Find the pressure at point C.

8. A cylindrical vessel is filled with water upto a height of 1m. The cross-sectional area of the orifice
at the bottom is (1/400) that of the vessel.
(a) What is the time required to empty the tank through the orifice at the bottom?
(b) What is the time required for the same amount of water to flow out if the water level in tank
is maintained always at a height of 1 m from orifice?

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PHYSICS
9. A U-shaped wire is dipped in a soap solution, and removed. The thin soap film formed between
the wire and the light slider supports a weight of 1.5 ´10-2 N (which includes the small weight of
the slider). The length of the slider is 30 cm. What is the surface tension of the film?

10. What is the pressure inside the drop of mercury of radius 3.00 mm at room temperature? Surface
tension of mercury at that temperature (20º C) is 4.65 ´ 10-1 Nm-1. The atmospheric pressure is 1.01´ 105
Pa. Also give the excess pressure inside the drop.

11. A bar of mass m and length l is hanging from point A as shown in figure. Find the increase in its
length due to its own weight. The Young’s modulus of elasticity of the wire is Y and area of cross
section of the wire is A.

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PHYSICS

EXERCISE 8
4
1. A rod A of weight W is hanging from ceiling. Extension in the rod due to its own weight is Dl1 . Another
identical rod B but negligible mass is also hanging from ceiling. A force of magnitude equal to W is
acted on the free end of the rod. The extension in the rod B is Dl2 . Then Dl1 / Dl2 is equal to :
(A) 1/3 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 1/2
2. A uniform rod of length l and density r is being pulled on a smooth horizontal floor with an acceleration
‘ a ’. The stress at the transverse cross-section at the mid point of the rod has the magnitude :
1 1 3
(A) lra (B) lra (C) lra (D) lra .
2 4 4
3. Two rods of different materials having coefficients of thermal expansion a1 and a 2 and Young’s moduli
Y1 and Y2 respectively are fixed between two rigid massive walls. The rods are heated such that they
undergo the same increase in temperature. There is no bending of the rods. If a1 and a 2 are in the
ratio 2:3, the thermal stresses developed in the two rods are equal provided Y1 : Y2 is equal to :
(A) 2:3 (B) 1:1 (C) 3:2 (D) 4:9.
4. A uniform rod of mass m , length L , area of cross-section A and is rotated about an axis passing
through one of its ends and perpendicular to its length with constant angular velocity w in a horizontal
plane. If Y the Young’s modulus of the material of rod, the increase in its length due to rotation of rod
is :
mw2 L2 mw2 L2 mw2 L2 2mw2 L2
(A) (B) (C) (D) .
AY 2 AY 3 AY AY
5. A uniform rod of mass m , length L , area of cross-section A and Young’s modulus Y hangs from a
rigid support. Its elongation under its own weight will be :
(A) zero (B) mgL / 2YA (C) mgL / YA (D) 2mgL / YA .
6. When temperature of a gas is 20°C and pressure is changed from p1 = 1.01 × 105 Pa to p2 = 1.165 ×
105 Pa then the volume changed by 10%. The bulk modulus is :
(A) 1.55 × 105 Pa (B) 0.115 × 105 Pa (C) 1.4 × 105 Pa (D) 1.01 × 105 Pa
7. A small ball of mass m and density ρ1 was dropped in a jar filled with glycerine. Its velocity become
constant after sometime. If the density of glycerine is ρ 2 , the viscous force acting on the ball is :

é ρ1 ù é ρ1 - ρ 2 ù é ρ1 +ρ 2 ù é ρ2 ù
(A) mg ê1 - ú (B) mg ê ú (C) mg ê ú (D) mg ê1 - ú
ë ρ2 û ë ρ1 +ρ 2 û ë ρ1 - ρ 2 û ë ρ1 û
8. A tube filled with water of density r and closed at both ends uniformly rotates in a horizontal plane
about a vertical axis. The monometers fixed in the tube at distances r1 and r2 from the axis indicate
pressure p1 and p2 respectively. The angular velocity w of rotation of the tube will be:
w
2 ( p2 - p1 ) 2 ( p2 + p1 ) P1 P2
(A) w= (B) w=
r (r22 - r12 ) r (r22 + r12 )

2 p2 p1 æ ö
(C) w = - (D) w = 2 ç p2 - p1 ÷ . r1
r r22 r12 r è r2 r1 ø r2

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PHYSICS
9. An L-shaped glass tube is just immersed in flowing water such that its opening is pointing against
flowing water. If the speed of water current is v, then :
h
v2
(A) The water in the tube rises to height
2g

g v
(B) The water in the tube rises to height
2v2
(C) The water in the tube does not rise at all (D) None of these.

10. A container having a hole at the bottom is free to move on a horizontal surface. As the liquid comes out,
the container moves in backward direction with an acceleration a and finally acquires a velocity v
(when all the liquid has drained out). Neglect the mass of container. The correct option out of the
following is :

(A) Only v depends on h (B) Only a depends on h

(C) Both v and a depends on h (D) Neither v nor a depends on h .
11. A container filled with a liquid of density r is accelerated upwards with a. The difference in pressure
between the two points A and B separated by a vertical distance h is :

(A) r(g – a)h (B) r(g + a)h (C) rgh (D) rah
12. A U-tube of length l contains a liquid. It is mounted on a horizontal turntable rotating with an angular
speed w about one of the arms. The difference in heights between the liquid columns in the vertical arm
will be :

w2 l 2 w2 l 2 wl 2 2w2 l 2
(A) (B) (C) (D)
2g g 2g g
13. Three liquids having densities r1, r2 and r3 are filled in a U-tube. Length of each
liquid column is equal to l. r1 > r2 > r3 and liquids remain at rest (relative to the
tube) in the position shown in figure. It is possible that :
(A) U-tube is accelerating leftward.
(B) U-tube is accelerating upwards with acceleration g.
(C) U-tube is moving with a constant velocity (D) None of these
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PHYSICS
14. A closed tank filled with water is mounted on a cart. The cart moves with an acceleration ‘a’ on a plane
road. What is the difference in pressure between points B and A shown in figure ?

(A) hrg (B) (h + l)rg (C) (hg + al)r (D) (h – l)rg

15. A liquid stands at the same level in the U-tube when at rest. If area of cross-section of both the limbs
are equal, the difference in height h of the liquid in the two limbs of U-tube, when the system is given an
acceleration a in horizontal direction as shown, is :

gL2 La L2 a Hg
(A) (B) (C) (D)
aH g Hg a
16. A square gate of size 1m × 1m is hinged at its mid point. A fluid of density r fills the space to the left of
the gate. The force F required to hold the gate stationary is :

rg rg rg
(A) (B) (C) (D) none of these
3 2 6
17. The figure shows a semi-cylindrical massless gate pivoted at the point O holding a stationary liquid of
density r. A horizontal force F is applied at its lowest position to keep it stationary. The magnitude of
the force is :

9 3
(A) rgR 2 (B) rgR
2
(C) rgR 2 (D) none of these
2 2
18. Water stands to a depth H behind the vertical face of dam and exerts a certain resultant horizontal
force on the dam and a certain torque tending to overturn the dam about the point O. What is the total
torque about O (r = density of water), per unit width of dam?

1 1 1
(A) rgH 3 (B) rgH 3 (C) rgH 3 (D) rgH 3
6 2 3

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PHYSICS
19. A cylinderical body of cross-sectional area A, height H and density rs, is immersed to depth h in a
liquid of density r, and tied to the bottom with a string. The tension in the strip is :
Area = A

H
h

String
Water

(A) rghA (B) (rs – r)ghA (C) ( r – rs)ghA (D) ( rh – rsH)gA

20. A block of mass 10 kg, connected to another hollow block of same size and negligible mass, by a
spring of spring constant 500 N/m, floats in water as shown in the figure. The compression in the
spring is - (rwater = 1 × 103 kg/m3, g = 10 m/s2 , specific gravity = 2)

(A) 10 cm (B) 20 cm (C) 50 cm (D) 100 cm

21. A conical block, floats in water with 90% height immersed in it. Height h of the block is equal to the
diameter of the block i.e., 20 cm. The mass to be kept on the block, so that the block just floats at the
surface of water, is :

(A) 568 g (B) 980 g (C) 112 g (D) 196 g

22. Water from a tap emerges vertically downwards with an initial speed of 1.0 m/s. The cross-sectional
area of the tap is 10–4m2. Assume that the pressure is constant throughout the stream of water and that
the flow is steady. The cross-sectional area of the stream 0.05 m below the tap is :
(A) 5.4 × 10 –4 m2 (B) 1.7 × 10 –5 m2 (C) 7.1 × 10 –5 m2 (D) 2.3 × 10 –5 m2
23. A large tank is filled with water to a height H. A small hole is made at the base of the tank. It takes T1
time to decrease the height of water to H/n(n>1); and it takes T2 time to take out the remaining water.
If T1 = T2, then the value of n is :
(A) 2 (B) 3 (C) 4 (D) 2 2
24. By what fraction is the volume of an aluminium sphere reduced as it is lowered from the surface
to the depth of 3 km in ocean? Bulk modulus of Al = 8 × 1010 N/m2. At the surface of ocean P =
105 N/m2. At a depth 3 km, P = 300 atmospheres.
(A) 20 % (B) 10 % (C) 1 % (D) 0.04 %
25. A cubical box of wine has a small spout located in one of the bottom corners. When the box is full
and placed on a level surface, opening the spout result in a flow of wine with a initial speed of v0
(see fig.) When the box is half empty, someone tilts it at 45° so that the spout is at the lowest
point. When the spout is opened the wine will flow out with a speed of :

V0

(A) v0 (B) v0/2 (C) v0 / 2 (D) v0 / 4 2

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PHYSICS
26. A closed tank filled with a fluid of density ρ is mounted in acart. the cart moves with an acceleration a
on a plane road. The value of pressure at a point at depth h from final level of fluid and a distance l from
the front wall is (h is also measured from the level at front wall) :
(A) h ρ g (B) (hg - la ) ρ (C) (hg + la ) ρ (D) la ρ
27. A flat plate moves normally toward a discharging jet of water at 3 m/s. The jet discharges the water at
the rate of 0.1m3/s and at a speed of 18 m/s. The force on the plate due to the jet is (Assume water
loses its momentum on hitting the plate) :
(A) 2450N (B) 980 (C)700N (D) 1800N
28. A cube of density r floats in liquid A of density r1 and partly in liquid B of density r2, as shown in
figure. The volume of cube immersed in liquid A is less than the volume immersed in liquid B. Then

r1 + r 2 r1 + r 2
(A) r1 < r < r 2 and r > (B) r1 < r < r 2 and r <
2 2

r1 + r 2 r1 + r 2
(C) r < r1 < r 2 and r > (D) r < r1 < r 2 and r <
2 2
29. We have two (narrow) capillary tubes T1 and T2 , their lengths are l1 and l2 and radii of cross-section
are respectively. The rate of flow of water under a pressure difference P through tube T1 is 8 cm3/sec.
If l1 = 2l2 and r1 = r2 , what will be the rate of flow when the two tubes are connected in series and
pressure difference across the combination is same as before (=P)?
(A) 4 cm3/sec (B) (16/3) cm3/sec (C) (8/17) cm3/sec (D) (25/3) cm3/sec
30. A small uniform tube is bent into a circle of radius R whose plane is vertical. Equal volumes of two
liquids of densities r and s ( r > s ) fill the half circle of tube. θ is the angle which the radius passing
through the interface makes with the vertical :

æs - r ö
(A) θ = tan–1 æç r - s ö÷ (B) θ = tan–1 ç ÷ (C) θ = tan–1 æç r ö÷ (D) θ = tan–1 æç r ö÷
è s + r ø
è r +s ø è r +s ø è r -s ø
31. Two identical cylindrical vessels with their bases at the same level, each containing a liquid of density ρ
are joined base to base as shown. The height of the liquid in one vessel is h1 and in other is h2. The area
of either base is A. The work done by gravity to equalise water levels in both is :

( h - h12 ) ρ gA
1 2 1 1
(A) zero (B) (C) (h – h )2 ρ gA (D) (h – h )2 ρ gA
2 2 2 2 1 4 2 1
32. A large tank filled with water to a height h is to be emptied through a small hole at the bottom .
The ratio of times taken for the level of water to fall from h to h/2 and h/2 to zero is :
1 1
(A) 2 (B) (C) 2 -1 (D)
2 2 -1
33. A liquid is kept in a cylindrical vessel which is being rotated about a vertical axis through the centre of
the circular base. If the radius of the vessel is r and angular velocity of rotation is w , then the difference
in the heights of the liquid at the centre of the vessel and the edge is :
rw r 2w 2 w2
(A) (B) (C) 2grw (D)
2g 2g 2gr 2

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PHYSICS
34. One end of a uniform capillary tube of inner radius 1.0 mm is held vertically such that one end is just
dipped in water (surface tension = 0.07 N/ m ) and a length of 1cm is outside water. Which of the
following options is true?
(A) the liquid will keep on overflowing from the open end as the tube length is insufficient
(B) the liquid will rise upto the top and will assume flat surface
(C) the liquid will rise the full exposed length and the radius of its meniscus will be equal to the radius
of the capillary ( = 1.0mm )
(D) the liquid will rise the full length of the tube and will assume a meniscus of radius = 1.4 mm .
35. A vertical glass capillary tube of radius r open at both ends contains some water (surface tension T
and density r ). If L be the length of the water column, then :

4T 2T T T
(A) L = rrg (B) L = rrg (C) L = 4rrg (D) L = 2rrg .

36. An air bubble of radius r in water is at a depth h below the water surface at some instant. If P is
atmospheric pressure and d and T are the density and surface tension of water respectively, the pres-
sure inside the bubble will be :
4T 2T 2T 4T
(A) P + hdg - (B) P + hdg + (C) P + hdg - (D) P + hdg +
r r r r
37. Water rises in a capillary tube to a height of 2.0 cm. In another capillary tube whose radius is one third
of it, how much the water will rise ?
(A) 5 cm (B) 3 cm (C) 6 cm (D) 9 cm
38. The surface tension of water is 75 dyne/cm. Find the minimum vertical force required to pull a
thin wire ring up (refer figure) if it is initially resting on a horizontal water surface. The circumference
of the ring is 20 cm and its weight is 0.1 N :

(A) 0.125 N (B) 0.225 N (C) 0.115 N (D) 0.130 N

39. A water drop of radius R is split into n drops each of radius r. If the surface tension of water is T,
the energy required to split the drop is given by :
(A) (4pr 2 n - 4pR 2 )T (B) [(4pr 2 n1/ 3 ) - (4pR 2 )]T

(C) (4pr 2 - 4pR 2 )nT (D) None

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PHYSICS
40. A soap bubble of radius r1 and another soap bubble of radius r2 (> r1) are brought together so that they
have a common interface. The radius of the interface is :

r1r2
(A) r2 – r1 (B) 2(r2 – r1) (C) r2 + r1 (D) r - r
2 1

41. Two spherical soap bubbles of radii r1 and r2 in vacuum coalesce under isothermal conditions. The
resulting bubble has a radius equal to :

r1 +r2 r1r2
(A) (B) r +r (C) r1r2 (D) r12 + r22
2 1 2

42. Two spherical soap bubbles of radii r1 and r2 coalesce together to form a single spherical bubble of
radius r. If the atmospheric pressure is P0 and the surface tension is T, then :

4T ( r12 + r22 - r 2 ) T ( r12 + r22 - r 2 )

(A) P0 = (B) P0 = r 3 - r 2 - r 2
(r 3
- r13 - r23 ) ( 1 2)

P0 ( r12 + r22 - r 2 ) 4P0 ( r 2 - r12 - r22 )

(C) T = (D) T =
(r 3
- r12 - r22 ) (r
1
3
- r23 + r 3 )

43. A barometer contains two uniform capillaries of radii R1 and R2 . If the height of liquid ( r ) in the two
tubes differ by x, and suface tension of liquid is T. Then the true pressure difference will be :

æ R1 ö é1 1 ù æ 1 1ö
(A) x r g (B) x r g ç R ÷ (C) 2T ê R - R d ú (D) x r g - 2T ç R - R ÷
è 2ø ë 1 2 û è 2 1 ø

44. A sphere of radius r and density r is sinking in container filled with liquid of density s and viscosity h.
g
Container is placed in a elevator moving upward with an acceleration . Then terminal velocity of
2
sphere relative to elevator is :

2 2 æ3 ö 2 2 æ3ö æ1ö
r g ç r -s ÷ r g (r -s ) ç ÷ g(r - s ) g ç ÷(r -s )
(A) 9 è 2 ø (B) 9 2
(C) r 2 è2ø
(D) 2 r 2 è2ø
h h 9 h 9 h

45. A spherical ball of radius 3.0 ×10–4 m and density 104 kg/m3 falls freely under gravity through a distance
h before entering a tank of water. If after entering the water the velocity of the ball does not change, the
value of h is (Viscosity of water is 9.8×10–6 N-s/m2 and density of water is 103 kg/m3) :
(A) 1.65 ×103 m (B) 1.65 ×102 m (C) 1.05 ×103 m (D) 1.05 ×102 m

78
PHYSICS

EXERCISE 8
5 R

1. Anvils made of single crystals of diamond, with the shape as shown in figure, are used to investigate
behaviour of materials under very high pressures. Flat faces at the narrow end of the anvil have a
diameter of 0.5 mm, and the wide ends are subjected to a compressional force of 50,000 N. What
is the pressure at the tip of the anvil?

Diamond cones Metal gasket

2. A manometer reads the pressure of a gas in an enclosure as shown in figure (a) When a pump removes
some of the gas, the manometer reads as in figure (b). The liquid used in the manometers in mercury
and the atmospheric pressure is 76 cm of mercury.
(a) Give the absolute and gauge pressure of the gas in the enclosure for cases (a) and (b), in
units of cm of mercury.
(b) How would the levels change in case (b) if 13.6 cm of water (immiscible with mercury) are
poured into the right limb of the manometer? (Ignore the small change in the volume of the
gas).

To pump

20 cm

18 cm

(a) (b)

3. A tank with a square base of area 1.0 m2 is divided by a vertical partition in the middle. The bottom
of the partition has a small-hinged door of area 20 cm2. The tank is filled with water in one compartment,
and an acid (of relative density 1.7) in the other, both to a height of 4.0 m. Compute the force necessary
to keep the door close. (Take g = 9.8 m/s2)

4. Water stands at a depth h behind the vertical face of a dam. It exerts a resultant horizontal force
on the dam tending to slide it along its foundation and a torque tending to overturn the dam about
the point O. Find

(a) Horizontal force

(b) Torque about O,
(c) The height at which the resultant force would have to act to produce the same torque.
l = cross sectional length.

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PHYSICS
5. An open rectangular tank with dimensions 5m × 4m × 3m contains water upto a height of 2m. It
is accelerated horizontally along the longer side.

(a) Determine the maximum acceleration that can be given without spilling
the water.
(b) If this acceleration is increased by 20%. Calculate the percentage
of water spilt over.
(c) If initially, the tank is closed at the top and is accelerated horizontally by
9 m/s2, find the gauge pressure at the bottom of the front and rear walls of the tank. (g = 10 m/s2)

6. A solid sphere of mass m = 2kg and specific gravity s = 0.5 is held stationary
relative to a tank filled with water as shown in figure. The tank is accelerating
vertically upward with acceleration a = 2 m/s2.

(a) Calculate tension in the thread connected between the sphere and the bottom of the tank.
(b) If the thread snaps, calculate acceleration of sphere with respect to the tank.
(density of water is r = 1000 kg/m3, g = 10 m/s2)

7. A cylindrical tank 1 m in radius rests on a platform 5 m high. Initially the tank is filled with water
to a height of 5 m. A plug whose area is 10–4 m2 is removed from an orifice on the side of the tank
at the bottom. Calculate (a) initial speed with which the water flows from the orifice, (b) initial speed
with which water strikes the ground, (c) time taken to empty the tank to half its original value.
(g = 10 m/s2)

8. A long cylindrical tank of cross-section area 0.5 m2 is filled with water. It has a hole of cross-section
1 × 10–4 m2 at a height 50 cm from the bottom. A movable piston of cross-sectional area almost
equal to 0.5 m2 is fitted on the top of the tank such that it can slide in the tank freely. A load of
20 kg is applied on the top of the water by piston, as shown in the figure. Calculate the speed of
the water jet with which it hits the surface when piston is 1 m above the bottom. (Ignore the mass
of the piston).

9. A cylindrical tank having cross sectional area A = 0.5 m2 is filled with two liquids of density
r1 = 900 kg/m3 and r2 = 600 kg/m3 to a height h = 60 cm each as shown in figure. A small hole
having area a = 5 cm2 is made in right vertical wall at a height y = 20 cm from the bottom. Calculate
:

80
PHYSICS
(a) velocity of efflux
(b) horizontal force F required to keep the cylinder in static equilibrium, if it is placed on a smooth
horizontal plane.
(c) Minimum and maximum values of F to keep the cylinder in static equilibrium, if coefficient of
friction between the cylinder and the plane is m = 0.01. (g = 10 m/s2)

10. What work should be done in order to squeeze all water from a horizontally located cylinder (figure)
during the time t by means of a constant force acting on the piston? The volume of water in the
cylinder is equal to V, the cross-sectional area of the orifice is s, with s being considerable less than
the piston area. The friction and viscosity are negligibly small. Density of water is r.

11. Mercury has an angle of contact equal to 140º with soda lime glass. A narrow tube of radius 1.00
mm made of this glass is dipped in a trough containing mercury. By what amount does the mercury
dip down in the tube relative to the liquid surface outside? Surface tension of mercury at the temperature
of the experiment is 0.465 Nm-1. Density of mercury 13.6 ´ 103 kgm-3 .
12. A glass capillary sealed at the upper end is of length 0.11 m and internal diameter 2 × 10–5 m. The
tube is immersed vertically into a liquid of surface tension 5.06 × 10–2 N/m. To what length the capillary
has to be immersed so that the liquid level inside and outside the capillary becomes the same. What
will happen to liquid level inside the capillary if the seal is now broken? Atmospheric pressure is
1.012 × 105 N/m2.

13. In Millikan’s oil drop experiment, what is the terminal speed of an uncharged drop of radius 2.0 ´ 10-5
m and density 1.2 ´ 103 kg m-3. Take the viscosity of air at the temperature of the experiment to be
1.8 ´10 -5 Pa s. How much is the viscous force on the drop at that speed? Neglect buoyancy of the
drop due to air.

14. A steel wire of length 4.7 m and cross-section 3.0 ´ 10-5 m 2 stretches by the same amount as a copper
wire of length 3.5 m and cross-section 4.0 ´10 -5 m 2 under a given load. What is the ratio of the Young’ss
modulus of steel to that of copper?

15. Two wires of diameter 0.25 cm, one made of steel and other made of brass are loaded as shown
in figure. The unloaded length of steel wire is 1.5 m and that of brass wire is 1.0 m. Young’s modulus
of steel is 2.0 ´ 1011 Pa and that of brass is 0.91´1011 Pa. Compute the elongations of steel and brass
wires. (1 Pa = 1 N m-2)

1.5m
Steel
4.0kg
1.0 m
Brass
6.0 kg

16. A composite wire of uniform diameter 3.0 mm consists of a copper wire of length 2.2 m and a steel
wire of length 1.6 m stretches under a load by 0.7 mm . Calculate the load, given that the Young’s
modulus for copper is 1.1´ 1011 Pa and that for steel is 2.0 ´ 1011 Pa (1 Pa = 1 Nm-2)

81
PHYSICS

EXERCISE 8
6
NEW IIT-JEE PATTERN QUESTIONS

MULTIPLE CHOICE ANSWER TYPE

1. A light rod of 2m length is suspended from the ceiling horizontally using two vertical wires of equal
length tied to its ends. One of the wire is made of steel of cross-sectional area 0.1 sq. cm and young
modulus 20 × 1011 dyne/cm2, while the second is made of brass cf C. S. area 0.2 sq. cm. and Young’s
modulus 10 × 1011 dyne/cm2. Then :
(A) For stress to be same, a mass can hang at 0.6 m from brass wire end.
(B) For stress to be same, a mass can hang at 0.6 m from steel end
(C) For equal strain, the mass should be hung at mid-point of the rod.
(D) For equal force, the mass should be at ¼ th from steel end.
2. A wire of radius 1 mm and length 2m is twisted through 90°. If the modulus of rigidity is 5 × 1010 N/m2,
then :
(A) Angle of shear is 7.85 × 10–4 radians at a point mid-way.
(B) Angle of shear is 7.85 × 10–4 radians on the surface.
(C) Couple per unit twist is 3.92 × 10–2 N-m/rad
(D) Torsional couple is 6.16 × 10–2 N/m.
3. A wire of length l and mass m is stretched by an equal length. Then :
1 1
(A) The gain in elastic P. E. is mgl (B) The loss of energy as heat is mgl
2 2
(C) Loss of energy is mgl (D) Neither (a) nor (b) are correct
4. Choose the correct information :
1
(A) Work done in stretching = ´ (stress) 2
2Y
(B) For constant volume poisson’s ratio s = 0.5
(C) Stress caused by heating is independent of length
(D) normal stress causes shear strain always.
5. Arrangement of three metallic rods of equal cross sectional area riveted to each other is as
show n in figure.aAl is the coefficient of linear expansion for aluminium and aS (where aAl >aS) for
steel. The arrangement is heated, then :

(A) Tensile stress is developed in the aluminium rod.

(B) Compressive stress is developed in the aluminium rod
(C) No stress is developed in the aluminium rod
(D) Stress developed in aluminium rod is twice that in steel rod

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PHYSICS
6. A metal cube is placed in an empty vessel. When water is filled in the vessel so that the cube is
completely immersed in the water, the force on the bottom of the vessel in contact with cube :
(A) will increase (B) will decrease (C) will remain the same(D) will become zero
7. Water is flowing through a long horizontal tube. Let PA and PB be the pressures at two points A and B
of the tube :
(A) PA may be equal to PB
(B) PA may be greater than PB
(C) PA may be smaller than PB
(D) PA = PB only if the cross-sectional area at A and B are equal
8. A thin tube of uniform cross-section is sealed at both ends. It lies horizontally, the middle 5 cm having
mercury and the other two sides having air at the same pressure P. When it is tilted by 60° to the
vertical, the length of air column above and below mercury are 46 cm and 44.5 cm respectively. Then:
(A) Difference in pressure will be 2.5 cm of Hg (B) Pressure above the Hg column is 0.98 P
(C) Pressure below the Hg column is 1.01 P (D) Pressure above and below Hg column are same.
9. A liquid of density r1 and r2 stand in the bent tube as shown. Then :

(A) PM = PN (B) r 2 = 2 3 r1 (C) r1 = 2 3 r 2 (D) PN = PX

10. Two immiscible liquids with densities r1 and r2 are given as shown in the U-tube. Then :

r1 h 2
(A) p A = p B (B) p D = pC (C) r = h (D) information is insufficient
2 1
11. A bubble of air rises in a water column to the top surface to increase its volume by 7 times, under
isothermal conditions. The atmospheric pressure is equal to the height equivalent of a liquid column :
(A) Volume increases due to reducing pressure at constant temperature
(B) Relative density of the liquid is 1/7
(C) The radius of the bubble would have become 2 times that at the lower level
(D) Relative density of the liquid is 7
12. From the diagram you can conclude that :

(A) AF1 = aF2 (B) P1 = P2 = P3 (C) F2 > F1 (D) F2 < F1

83
PHYSICS
13. A beaker is filled in with water is accelerated a m/s2 in +x direction. The surface of water shall make an
angle :
(A) tan -1 ( a / g ) backwards (B) tan -1 ( a / g ) forwards

(C) cot -1 ( g / a ) backwards (D) cot -1 ( g / a ) forwards

14. The U-tube shown has a uniform cross section. A liquid is filled in the two arms up to heights h1 and h2
and then the liquid is allowed to move. Neglect viscosity and surface tension. When the levels equalize
in the two arms, the liquid will :

(A) Be at rest
æ h - h2 ö
2

(B) Loss in P. E. = ç 1 ÷ Arg

è 2 ø
g
(C) Be moving with a velocity of (h1 - h 2 )
2(h1 + h 2 + h)
h + h2 ö
(D) The level of the liquid on either limb will be æç 1 ÷
è 2 ø
15. A cubical block of wood of edge 10 cm and mass 0.92 kg floats on a tank of water with oil of rel.
density 0.6 to a depth of 4 cm above water. When the block attains equilibrium with four of its sides
edges vertical :
(A) 1 cm of it will be above the free surface of oil
(B) 6 cm of it will be under water
(C) 2 cm of it will be above the common surface of oil and water
(D) 8 cm of it will be under water.
16. Three liquids of equal volume r1, r2 and r3 in a container one above the other hold a 48 gm/cm3 cubical
block of side 4x such that 2x of the side is in the middle liquid. The ratio of the densities r1 : r2 : r3 =
3 : 2 : 1.
(A) Density r1 = 96 × 103 kg/m3 (B) Density r2 = 64 × 103 kg/m3
(C) Density r3 = 192 × 103 kg/m3 (D) Density r3 = 32 × 103 kg/m3
9
17. Ice floats in water with about th of its volume submerged. Then :
10
(A) On melting completely, no change in level is observed in gravity free space
(B) Volume submerged is independent of gravity
(C) On free fall, ice can float above water
(D) Temperature will increase
18. A drop of liquid d is floating with 1/4th inside a liquid A of density d1 and the remaining in a liquid B of
density d2. Then :
d
(A) Upthrust in liquid A = 1 times upthrust in liquid B
3d 2
(B) 4d = d1 + 3d2
(C) 3d = 4d1 + d2
d2
(D) Upthrust in liquid B = 3d times upthrust in liquid A
1

84
PHYSICS
19. Water coming through a tube of cross-sectional area 10 m2 with a speed of 5 m/s is allowed to come
out through many holes of uniform cross-section 0.05 m2. Then :
(A) Speed will be 10 m/s for 100 holes
(B) Speed will be 20 m/s for 50 holes
(C) Speed will be 5 m/s for 50 holes
1
(D) Rate of flow in each hole will become times the original flow..
N
20. An incompressible liquid flows in the tube array as shown. Then :

1
(A) a 2 v2 = 2a1v1 for a 2 = a1 (B) a 2 v2 + a 3 v3 = a1v1
2
(C) 2a 2 v 2 = a1v1 for a 2 = a 3 (D) a 3 v3 = a 2 v 2

21. As a liquid of density r flows through the tube shown above in a streamlined way. Then :

(A) Rate of flow reduces from a1 to a2.

(B) Rate of flow increases from a1 to a2.
(C) H is a measure of pressure difference at A and B
(D) Pressure A has to be more than that at B by hrg
22. A fully loaded aircraft has 3.3 × 105 kg. It’s total wing area is 500 m2. While on a level flight with a
speed of 960 kmph, (Density of air = 1.2 kg/m3) :
(A) The force to be balanced should be 33 kg
(B) The pressure difference should be 6.6 × 103 N/m2.
(C) The increase in speed of the upper level with reference to the lower is 0.02 × 103 m/s.
(D) Upthrust due to air displacement balances the aircraft.
23. There are two identical small holes on the opposite sides of a tank containing a liquid. The tank is open
at the top. The difference in height between the two holes is h. As the liquid comes out of the two holes

(A) The tank will experience a net horizontal force proportional to h

(B) The tank will experience a net horizontal force proportional to h
(C) Mass of liquid discharged per second = anrh 3/ 2
(D) Mass of liquid discharged per second = anr

85
PHYSICS
24. In the siphon system shown below, v refers to velocity and P refers to pressure. Then :

(A) v A = v B = v E = 2gh1 (B) PD = P0 - rg(h1 + h 2 )

(C) vE > vA (D) vE = 5vA + vB

25. If R and v refer to range and velocity, then with holes at A, B, C and D :

(A) vB = vD, RB = RD (B) v A ¹ vC , R A = R C (C) v B = v A , R A = R D (D) v C = v D , R C = R D

26. Air is streaming past the wings of an aeroplane with a speed of 90 m/s below and 120 m/s above the
surface. If the wing is 15 m long and has an average width of 2m, then : [Density of air = 1.2 kg/m3]
(A) Pressure difference is 4090 pascal (B) Up-lift on the wing is 81900 Newton
(C) Up-lift on the wing is 113.4 K Newton (D) Pressure difference is 3780 Pascal
27. The minimum horizontal acceleration of the container so that the pressure at the point A of the
container becomes atmospheric is (The tank is of sufficient height):
3 4 3
(A) g (B) g (C) g (D) g
2 3 4
28. In a peculiarly shaped tube as shown in the diagram the lower part is a
quarter circle having radius of curvature R . The vertical limbs of the tube
are separated by a distance R . A liquid of density r is poured into the tube
of two height R and 2R in left and right limbs respectively. A valve fitted in
the circular part maintains this liquid height difference. The valve is suddenly
opened. If the gauge pressure at the lowest point is P and acceleration of the
liquid is a just after opening the valve, choose the correct choice :

æ 4 + 2p ö
(A) P = 2 r gR (B) P = r gR ç ÷
è 4 +p ø
2g
(C) P = pr gR (D) a =
4 +p
29. A uniform cross section U tube is partially filled with a non-viscous liquid of uniform density are shown
in the figure. The level of liquid is kept different in the two limbs and released. The U tube is fixed to the
ground and kept vertical. As the liquid is released :
(A) Force exerted by the U tube on the ground is towards left (B) P1 > P2

h -h
(C) acceleration of the liquid = h + h + l g
1 2
(D) Motion of the liquid will be simple harmonic
1 2

86
PHYSICS
30. A thin hollow spherical container of negligible mass is filled up with water of mass m . If rolls without
slipping on a horizontal rough surface. Water freezes into ice as it rolls. Take water as an ideal
liquid. When the whole water freezes (Neglect the change in volume) :
(A) Velocity of the sphere decreases
(B) Loss of mechanical energy takes place during freezing process
(C) The angular momentum of the container plus water increases about the center of sphere during
the freezing process.
(D) The angular momentum of the container plus the water decreases about the center of the sphere
during freezing process
31. Bernoulli’s theorem can be applied to :
(A) Streamline flow (B) non streamline and non viscous flow
(C) streamline and irrotational flow (D) Streamline and rotational flow
32. A weightless vessel is filled with a liquid of weight W and then placed on a weighing machine :
(A) The reading of machine must be equal to weight of liquid
(B) The reading of machine may be equal to weight of liquid
(C) The force exerted by liquid on base must to equal to reading
(D) The force exerted by liquid on base may to equal to reading
33. Vessel shown in the figure has two sections of areas of cross section A1 and A 2 . A liquid of
density r fills both sections up to a height h in each. Neglect atmospheric pressure.
A1
h

A2
(A) The pressure at the base of the vessel is 2h r g
(B) The force exerted by the liquid on the base is 2h r A 2 g.
(C) The weight of the liquid is less than 2hg r A 2 .
(D) Walls of the vessel at the level x exert a downward force hg r ( A 2 - A1 ) on the liquid.
34. Two air bubbles of radius rA and rB (rA > rB) formed of the same liquid come together to form a double
bubble. Then, the radius at the common surface, r is related as :
(A) r > rA (B) r > rB (C) r = rA or rB (D) r ¹ rA or rB
35. Two soap bubbles (s – surface tension) of radii a and b are given (a < b) :
1 1 1
(A) The radius at the contact point is = -
r a b
(B) The radius on merging them is r = a 2 + b 2 under isothermal conditions.
(C) The new radius depends on atmospheric pressure

a 2 + b2
(D) The radius r =
s
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PHYSICS
36. When large number of similar drops are merged together. Then :
(A) Surface energy decreases (B) Energy is evolved
(C) Energy is absorbed (D) Surface energy increases
37. A capillary tube is immersed in a liquid. There will be :
(A) Ascent for angle of contact q < 90° (B) Ascent for angle of contact q > 90°
(C) Descent for angle of contact q > 90° (D) Force of adhesion > Force of cohesion for q > 90°
38. A glass capillary tube A of radius R is immersed in water and water rises to a height of 8cm in it.
Now, another tube B of radius 2R is immersed. There is a certain height difference between the
water levels in them. (Density of water = 1000kg / m3 ) Now the tubes are connected and dipped in
water. Angle of contact = 00 ,
(A) When tube B was immersed in water, height of water level was 4cm
(B) Pressure difference due to surface tension, when tube B was immersed is 400 N / m2
(C) When tubes were connected and immersed, level difference in the tubes remain same as before.
(D) When tubes were connected and immersed in water, level difference in the tubes is 4cm .
39. The capillary tube of same radius but of lengths l1 and l2 are fitted in parallel to the bottom of the
vessel. The pressure head is P. Then :
(A) A pipe of length l1 + l 2 can have the same rate of flow as these two pipes have.
l1l 2
(B) A pipe of length l + l can have the same rate of flow as these two pipes have
1 2
(C) Volume rate of flow in both the pipes will be in the inverse ratio of their lengths.
(D) Volume rate of flow in both the pipes will be in the direct ratio of their lengths.
40. A sphere is dropped under gravity through a viscous liquid of viscosity h. If the density of the material
of sphere and liquid are r and s respectively with the radius being ‘r’, then :

ær-sö
(A) Initial acceleration is g ç ÷
è r ø
(B) Time taken to attain terminal speed t µ s0
(C) At terminal speed, force on the sphere is zero
(D) At terminal speed, the viscous force is maximum
41. A rain drop reaching the ground with terminal velocity has momentum p. Another drop, twice the
radius, also reaching the ground with terminal velocity, will have momentum & velocity :
(A) 4p, v (B) 8p, 4v (C) 32p, 4v (D) 16p, 2v

REASONING TYPE
42. A uniform plank is resting over a smooth horizontal floor and is pulled by applying a horizontal force at
its one end.
Statement 1 :
Stress developed in plank material is maximum at the end at which force is applied and decreases
linearly to zero at the other end.
Statement 2 :
No stress is developed because the floor is smooth.

88
PHYSICS

43. Statement 1 :
If a metal wire is attached to the ceiling of a room and mass m is attached to another end, the energy
mgl
stored in the stretched wire is where l is the increment in length of wire.
2
Statement 2 :
In the above statement loss in gravitational energy is mg l while the loss in energy to surrounding is
mgl
.
2
44. Statement 1 :
Property of elasticity does not depend upon the shape and size of metal wire.
Statement 2:
Elasticity of steel is more than that of rubber.
45. Statement 1 :
Identical springs of steel and copper are equally stretched. More work will be done on the steel spring.
Statement 2 :
Steel is more elastic than copper.
46. Statement 1 :
The stress-strain graphs are shown in the figure for two materials A and B are shown in figure. Young's
modulus of A is greater than that of B.
Stress

A
B

Strain
Statement 2 :
The Young's modules for small strain is,
stress
Y= = slope of linear portion, of graph; and slope of A is more than slope that of B.
strain
47. Statement 1 :
Steel is more elastic than rubber.
Statement 2 :
When same deformation is produced in two identical bodies of these material, greater restoring force
develops in the steel body.
48. Statement 1 :
Ratio of normal stress to volumetric strain is bulk modulus of given gas.
Statement 2 :
Compressibility is the reciprocal of bulk modulus.
49. Statement 1 :
The free surface of a liquid resting in an inertial frame is horizontal.
Statement 2 :
The normal to the free surface passes through surface of the earth.

89
PHYSICS
50. Statement 1 :
A spin bowler is bowling for a left hand batsman with a seamless ball. The wind is
blowing from the batsman to the bowler. To produce an inswing the bowler should
spin the ball as in the figure.

Statement 2 :
Increase in velocity of air decreases the pressure.
51. Statement 1 :
In the steady flow of an ideal fluid, the velocity at any point is same for different fluid particles.
Statement 2 :
Steady fluid flow is the unaccelerated fluid flow.
52. Statement 1 :
The buoyant force on a submerged rigid object can be considered to be acting at the centre of mass of
the object.
Statement 2 :
For a rigid body a force field distributed uniformly through its volume can be considered to be acting
at the centre of mass of the body.
53. Statement 1 :
Two identical beakers contains water to the same level. A wooden block is floating in one of the
beakers. The total weight of both beakers is same.
Statement 2 :
Volume of the displaced water is equal to the volume of the block.
54. Statement 1 :
As wind flows left to right and a ball is spinned as shown, there will be a lift of the ball.
Statement 2 :
Decrease in velocity of air below the ball, increases the pressure more than that above the ball.

55. Statement 1 :
In the three cases shown in the figure, force exerted by liquid on three vessels is same.
Statement 2 :
Pressure at the bottom in each case is same.

h h h

(1) (2) (3)

56. Statement 1 :
A block is immersed in a liquid inside a beaker, which is falling freely. Buoyant force acting on block is
zero.
Statement 2 :
In case of freely falling liquid there is no pressure difference between any two points.

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PHYSICS
57. Statement 1 :
The velocity increases, when water flowing in broader pipe enter a narrow pipe.
Statement 2 :
According to equation of continuity, product of area and velocity is constant.
58. Statement 1 :
Pascal's Law is the working principle of a hydraulic lift.
Statement 2 :
Pressure is equal to thrust acting per unit area.
59. Statement 1 :
When spinning ball is thrown it deviates from its usual path in flight.
Statement 2 :
Time of flight will remain same if axis of rotation is vertical.
60. Statement 1 :
For a floating body to be in stable equilibrium, its metacentre must be located above the centre of
gravity.
Statement 2 :
The torque produced by the weight of the body and the upthrust will restore the body back to its
normal position after it is disturbed.
61. Statement 1:
A man sitting in a boat which is floating on a pond. If the man drinks some water from the pond, the
level of the water in the pond does not change.
Statement 2:
According to Archimede’s principle the weight of liquid displaced by body is equal to the weight of the
body.
62. Statement - 1 :
A sinking ship often turns over as it becomes immersed in water.
Statement - 2 :
While the water fills in the ship the centre of mass of the system gets displaced. Hence the ship
topples over.
63. Statement 1 :
Smaller the droplets of water, spherical they are.
Statement 2 :
Force of surface tension is equal, and opposite to force of gravity.
64. Statement 1 :
Two match sticks are placed parallel to each other at a small distance on the surface of water. A hot
needle touches the water surface between the two match sticks. The two match sticks move apart.
Statement 2 :
Surface tension increases with increase in temperature.
65. Statement 1 :
Viscosity of liquid increases rapidly with the rise of temperature.
Statement 2 :
Viscosity of liquid is the property of liquid by virtue of which it opposes the relative motion amongst its
different layers.
66. Statement 1 :
Falling raindrops acquire a terminal velocity.
Statement 2 :
A constant force in the direction of motion and a velocity dependent force opposite to the direction of
motion, always result in the acquisition of terminal velocity.
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PHYSICS
67. Statement 1 :
A rain drop after falling through a certain distance attains a constant velocity.
Statement 2 :
The viscous force for spherical body is proportional to its speed. Hence after falling through a certain
distance viscous drag and buoyant forces balance the gravitational force.
68. Statement 1 :
Terminal velocity is same as the critical velocity.
Statement 2 :
The constant velocity of fall of a body through a viscous fluid is called terminal velocity.
69. Statement 1 :
Water is filled in a container upto its rim end. An orifice is made at its bottom. Now water is replaced
by oil. Then velocity of efflux in both cases is observed to be different.
Statement 2 :
Coefficient of viscosity is different for both liquids.
70. Statement 1 :
The viscosity of liquid increases rapidly with rise of temperature.
Statement 2 :
Viscosity of a liquid is the property of the liquid by virtue of which it opposes the relative motion
amongst its different layers.

LINKED COMPREHENSION TYPE

Wrtie Up-1
Bernoulli’s law and the continuity equation can help us understand some aspects of the circulatory
systems. According to Bernoulli’s law,
1 1
p1 + rv12 + rgh1 = p 2 + rv 22 + rgh 2
2 2
where p refers to the pressure, v refers to the speed, and h refers to the height of the fluid. The
subscripts “1” and “2” refer to the fluid at two different points in the system.
According to the continuity equation, if a piece of the “pipeline” gets thicker, gets thinner or branches
the volume of fluid per second passing two imaginary cross-sectional “slices” must be the same. For
instance, in both cases drawn in figure 1, the volume of fluid per second passing slice 1 must equal the
volume of fluid per second passing slice 2.

In case 1, the pipeline doesn’t branch. In such cases, for essentially incompressible fluids, the continu-
ity equation can be written
A1v1 = A2v2
Where A denotes the cross-sectional area of the pipe.
71. Consider case I : The blood at point B flows at 10 m/s. The blood at point C flows at a speed :
(A) greater than 10 m/s (B) equal to 10 m/s
(C) less than 10 m/s (D) impossible to determine from the information provided
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PHYSICS
72. Consider case II : The blood at point P flows at speed 10 m/s. The blood at point Q flows at speed :
(A) greater than 10 m/s (B) equal to 10 m/s
(C) less than 10 m/s (D) impossible to determine from the information provided
73. Assume that the points B and C are at the same height. Let pB and pC denote the pressure at points B
and C, respectively. Which of the following is true?
(A) pB > pC (B) pB = pC (C) pB < pC
(D) we cannot determine the relationship between pB and pC
74. Suppose a blood vessel gets thinner, but doesn’t “branch”. Case I is an example. Which of the follow-
ing graphs best shows the relationship between the cross-sectional area of the blood vessel and the
speed of the blood flowing through it?

(A) (B) (C) (D)

Wrtie Up-2
A liquid flowing from a vertical pipe has a very definite shape as it flows from the pipe. To get the
equation for this shape, assume that the liquid is in free fall once it leaves the pipe. Just as it leaves the
pipe, the liquid has speed v0 and the radius of the stream of liquid is r0.
75. An equation for the speed of the liquid as a function of the distance y it has fallen is :
(A) V2 = V12 + 2a(y - y 0 ) (B) V1 = V22 + 2a(y - y 0 )

(C) V2 = V12 - 2a(y - y0 ) (D) V1 = V22 - 2a(y - y 0 )

76. Combining the above result with the equation of continuity the expression for radius of the stream as a
function of y is :
r0 v 0 r0 v0
(A) r = (B) r = (C) r = (v02 + 2gy)1/ 2 (D) r = (v02 + 2gy)1/ 4
(v + 2gy)
2
0
1/ 2
(v0 + 2gy)
2 1/ 4

77. If water flows out of a vertical pipe at a speed of 1.2 m/s, how far below the outlet will the radius be
half the original radius of the stream?
(A) 110 m (B) 11 m (C) 1.1 m (D) 2 m
Wrtie Up-3
A hollow sphere is completely filled with a liquid having a density r. The radius of
sphere is R. Now sphere is pulled with a constant horizontal acceleration of g on
a horizontal surface. Take centre of sphere as origin of co-ordinate system as shown
in the figure.

78. Co-ordinate of point having minimum pressure is :

R R R R - R -R - R -R
(A) , (B) , (C) , (D) ,
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
79. Co-ordinate of point having maximum pressure is :
R R R R - R -R - R -R
(A) , (B) , (C) , (D) ,
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

80. Consider points A and B as shown in figure :

(A) PA = PB (B) PA > PB (C) PB > PA (D) PA = PB = 0
93
PHYSICS

MATRIX MATCH TYPE

81. Column I Column II
-Dv
(A) Young’s modulus (p)
pv

Fl
(B) Bulk modulus (q)
ADl
-Dd / d
(C) Compressibility (s)
Dl / l
- pv
(D) Position’s ratio (r)
Dv
82. In 1st column name of some physical quantities / constants are given. The ratio of the CGS to SI units
of physical quantities / the value of physical constant are given in column II. Match the column I with II.
Column - I Column - II
(A) Coefficient of viscosity (p) 10–4
(B) Wein’s constant (q) 10–3
(C) Constant of Bernoullis equation (r) 10–2
(D) Surface Tension (s) 10–1
83. Column 1 Column 2
(A) Hooke’s law (p) Micrometer with a spirit level
(B) Normal stress (q) Bulk modulus
(C) Velocity of sound (r) Change in volume depends on
normal stress
(D) Searle’s method (s) Elastic limit
84. A uniform rod AB of length L is acted on by 2 forces F1 and F2 at the ends respectively. The Young’s
modulus is Y, cross-section area is A and length L. Mass of the rod is M.
Column – I Column – II F1
(A) If F1 = 2Mg; F2 = Mg (p) extension is zero A

3MgL
(B) If F1 = Mg, F2 = 0 (q) extension in rod is
2AY
M gL
(C) Instead of F1 and F2 acting the rod is (r) extension in rod is B
2AY F2
hanging freely from a ceiling of an elevator
which is accelerating upwards with an
acceleration g, then
M gL
(D) Instead of F1 and F2 acting the rod is (s) extension in rod is
AY
hanging freely from a ceiling of an elevator
which is accelerating downwards with an
acceleration g, then

94
PHYSICS
85. For the system shown in figure. All wires have same breaking stress and same unit cross section area
if the breaking stress are respectively 60 N / m 2 then :
Column - I Column - II
(A) If weight W = 2g placed on C 1 A 1kg (p) wire 1 will break
(B) If weight W=3g placed on B (q) wire 3 will break
2 B 2kg
(C) If weight W= g placed on A (r) wire 3 will not break
(D) If weight W= 4g placed on C 3 C 3kg
(s) wire 2 will break

86. Uniform solid cylinder at density 0.8 gml / cm3 floats equilibrium in a combination of two non
mixing liquids A and B with its axis vertical. The densities of the liquids A and B are 0.7g/cm3 and
1.2 g / cm3 respectively. The height of liquid A and B are hA = 1.2 cm; hB = 0.8 cm.

Column-1 Column-II
(A) net force exerted by liquids in region A (p)1.67
on cylinder
(B) net force exerted by liquids B on cylinder (q) 0.25
(C) value of h (in cm) (r) buoyancy force
(D) if cylinder is depressed in such a way that its (s) zero
top surface is just below the free surface of
liquid and then released. Then the acceleration
of the cylinder immediately after it is released. (in m/s2)
87. Column – I Column – II
(A) Terminal velocity (p) Average density becomes less than that of liquid.
(B) Objects of high density can also float (q) Upthrust is zero
(C) A beaker having a solid iron under free fall (r) Varies with velocity
(D) Viscous drag (s) Upthrust and viscous force.
88. Along cylindrical tank of cross-sectional area A is filled with two immisible liquid of densities e and
2e . It has two holes of cross section A/10; One is just above liquid interface (hole B) other one at the
bottom (hole A) as shown in figure. A movable piston of cross-sectional area almost equal to ‘A’ is
fitted on the top of the tank. A load kept on smooth horizontal surface.

95
PHYSICS
Column – I Column – II
Mg
(A) Initial speed of water jet at hole A (p) + 3gH
eA

2Mg
(B) Initial speed of water jet at hole B (q) + 2 gH
eA

Mg 3eAHg
(C) Maximum force exerted by water jet of hole A on the tank (r) +
5 5

Mg + eAHg
(D) Maximum force exerted by water jet of hole B on the tank (s) 5
89. Consider a container filled with a liquid of density r. It shows different points A, B, C are along
same horizontal line. The atmosphere has a value Patm.
F

>

>
h
2h D

<
A < B C
>

h
E
<

Column – I Column–II
(A) Pressure difference between A and F (p). zero
(B) Pressure difference between A and B (q). rgh
(C) Pressure difference between C and D (r). 3rgh
(D) Gauge pressure at E (s) 2rgh
90. A rectangular tank 1.5 m wide, 3m long, and 1.8 m deep contains water to a depth of 1.2 m.
Find the horizontal acceleration which may be imparted to the tank in the direction of its length
so that: [ g = 10m/s2 ]
Column- I Column- II
(A) there is just no spilling of water from the tank(m/s2), (p) 1.35
2
(B) the front bottom corner of the tank is just exposed(m/s ), (q) 12
2
(C) the bottom of the tank is exposed upto its mid-point(m/s ). (r) 4
(D) Calculate the volume of water that would spill out from (s) 6
3
the tank in the case (B)(m ).
91. Water flow through a horizontal tube of variable cross-section (figure).
A
B

The area of cross-section at A and B are 4 mm2 and 2 mm2 respectively. If 1cc of water enters
per second through A, find
Column- I Column- II
(A) the speed of water at A,(cm/s) (p) 50
(B) the speed of water at B (cm/s) (q) 20
2
(C) the pressure difference PA – PB.(N/m ) (r) 94
(D) Suppose the tube is kept vertical with A (s) 25
upward, other conditions remains the same.
The separation between the cross sections at
A and B is15/16 cm.Find the speed at A. (cm/s)
96
PHYSICS
92. A spherical shell of radius R is completely filled with a viscous liquid and is rotated with a constant
angular velocity w 0 about the vertical diameter. C is the center and A and B are the ends of the
vertical diameter. EF are the ends of a horizontal diameter. PR & PQ are two chords. It is given that
w 02 R = 2 g where g is the acceleration due to gravity. When steady state is achieved and assuming
streamline motion.
Column - I Column - II
(A) Moving from A to E along (p) Pressure increases continuously
the inner surface of shell
(B) Moving from E to B along (q) Pressure increases first and then decreases
the inner surface of shell
(C) Moving from P to Q along the chord (r) Pressure decreases first and then increases
(D) Moving from P to R along the chord (s) Pressure decreases continuously
93. A viscous liquid is kept in the gap between two coaxial vertical cylinders of radii R1 and R2 respec-
tively ( R1 < R2 ) . The outer cylinder is rotated clockwise and inner cylinder is rotated anticlock wise
with same constant angular speed. Neglect end effects and assume steady state condition. Match the
following . Assume the flow in the gap to be streamline.
Column – I Column – II
(A) Angular speed of liquid (p) increases from R1 to R2
(B) Pressure in the liquid (q) remains constant from R1 to R2
(C) Torque (r) First decreases and then increases from R1 to R2
(D) concentration of stream lines (s) first increases and then decreases from R1 to R2
94. A long cylinder of radius R is displaced along its axis with a constant velocity vo inside a stationary
coaxial cylinder of radius 2R. The space between the cylinders is filled with viscous liquid. The flow of
liquid is laminar and coefficient of viscosity is h.
Column – I Column – II
3R
(A) velocity of liquid at a distance from axis (p) independent of r.
2
(B) viscous force acting between cylindrical layers (q) dependent upon r.
for a length l at a distance r from axis.
dv
(C)
dr
,where r is distance from axis. (r) v o / ln ½

r ( ddrv )
ln 3 4
(D) (s) vo
ln 1 2

97
PHYSICS

EXERCISE 78
R

1. Explain what will happen when two soap bubbles of different radii are in communication with each
other ?

2. Show that in case of cylindrical drop excess pressure will be (T/r)

3. Draw a schematic graph of the applied force versus resulting elongation of a metallic wire. Show the
elastic limit on this graph. What feature of this graph is related to the value of Young’s modulus of the
material of the wire ?

4. Find the natural length of a rod if its length is L1 under tension T1 and L2 under tension T2 within limits
of elasticity.

5. Calculate the amount of energy evolved when n identical droplets of a liquid of surface tension T
merge into one.

6. What would be the pressure inside a small air bubble of radius 0.01mm situated just below the surface
of water? The surface tension of water is 75 × 10–3 N/m and 1 atmosphere = 1.01 × 105 N/m2.

7. Two separate air bubbles of radii r1 and r2 formed of the same liquid come together to form a double
bubble as shown in figure. Show that the radius of their interface is given by .
r1
r2
r1 r2
r=
r2 - r1
8. Indian Fakirs stretch out for a nap on a bed of nails of thorns. How is this possible ?

9. Why is fluid container more likely to burst from the base ?

10. What would be the height of water column which will produce a pressure of one atmosphere ?

11. Explain why a boat rises as it enters the sea from a river?

12. A piece of ice is floating in a beaker filled to the brim with a liquid of density 1.5g/cc. Will there be an
overflow of water as the ice melts? Explain your answer.

13. Does Archimedes’ principle hold in a vessel in free fall?

14. A metallic wire is stretched by suspending a weight to it. If s is the longitudinal strain and Y its Young’s
modulus of elasticity, show that the elastic potential energy per unit volume is given by (1/2)Ys2.

15. A force of 106 N/m2 is required for breaking a material. If the density of the material is 3 × 103 kg/m3,
then what should be the minimum length of the wire made of the same material so that it breaks by its
own weight ?

16. What is the Poisson’s ratio of the material of a wire whose volume remains constant under an external
normal stress?

98
PHYSICS

EXERCISE 8 R

1. A wire suspended vertically from one of its ends is stretched by attaching a weight of 200N to the
lower end. The weight stretches the wire by 1mm. Then the elastic energy stored in the wire is
[AIEEE-2003]
(A) 0.2 J (B) 10 J (C) 20 J (D) 0.1 J
2. A wire fixed at the upper end stretches by length l by applying a force F. The work done in starching
is [AIEEE-2004]

F Fl
(A) 2Fl (B) Fl (C) (D)
2l 2
3. Spherical ball of radius ‘R’ are falling in a viscous fluid of viscosity h with a velocity ‘v’. The retarding
viscous force acting on the spherical ball is [AIEEE-2004]
(A) inversely proportional to both radius ‘R’ and velocity ‘v’
(B) directly proportional to both radius ‘R’ and velocity ‘v’
(C) directly proportional to ‘R’ but inversely proportional to ‘v’
(D) inversely proportional to ‘R’ but directly proportional to velocity ‘v’
4. If two soap bubbles of different radii are connected by a tube. [AIEEE-2004]
(A) air flows from the smaller bubble to the bigger
(B) air flows from bigger bubble to the smaller bubble till the sizes are interchanged
(C) air flows from the bigger bubble to the smaller bubble til the sizes becomes equal
(D) there is no flow of air
5. If ‘S” is stress and ‘Y’ is young’s modulus of material of a wire, the energy stored in the wire per unit
volume is [AIEEE-2005]
S2 S 2Y
(A) (B) 2S2Y (C) (D)
2Y 2Y S2
6. A 20cm long capillary tube is dipped in water. The water rises up to 8cm. If the entire arrangement is
put in a freely falling elevator the length of water column in the capillary tube will be
[AIEEE-2005]
(A) 10cm (B) 8cm (C) 20cm (D) 4cm
7. A jar is filled with two non-mixing liquids 1 and 2 having densities r1 and r2 respectively. A solid ball,
made of a material of density r3, is dropped in the jar. It comes to equilibrium in the position shown in
the figure. [AIEEE-2008]

liquid 1 r1
r3

liquid 2 r2

Which of the following is true for r1, r2 and r3 ?

(A) r1 > r3 > r2 (B) r1 < r2 > r3 (C) r1 < r3 < r2 (D) r3 < r1 < r2
99
PHYSICS
8. A spherical solid ball of volume V is made of a material of density r1. It is falling through a liquid of
density r2 (r2 < r1). Assume that the liquid applies a viscous force on the ball that is proportional to the
square of its speed u, i.e. Fviscous = –ku2 (k > 0). The terminal speed of the ball is
[AIEEE-2008]
Vgr1 Vgr1 Vg(r1 - r2 ) Vg(r1 - r2 )
(A) (B) (C) (D)
k k k k
9. A capillary tube (A) is dipped in water. Another identical tube (B) is dipped in a soap-water solution.
Which of the following shows the relative nature of the liquid columns in the two tubes ?
[AIEEE-2008]

A B A B

(A) (B)

A B A B

(C) (D)

10. A ballism ade ofa m aterialofdensity r where roil < r < rwater with roil and rwater representing the
densities of oil and water, respectively. The oil and water are immiscible. If the above ball is in equilibrium
in a mixture of this oil and water, which of the following pictures represents its equilibrium position ?
[AIEEE 2010]

(A) (B) (C) (D)

11. Water is flowing continuously from a tap having an internal diameter 8×10-3m. The water velocity as
it leaves the tap is 0.4 ms-1. The diameter of the water stream at a distance 2×10-1m below the lap
is close to : [AIEEE 2011]
-3 -3 -3
(a) 7.5 ×10 m (B) 9.6 ×10 m (C) 3.6 ×10 m (D) 5.0 ×10-3m

100
PHYSICS

EXERCISE 8
9
OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS (only one option is correct)
1. A metal ball immersed in alcohol weight W1 at 0°C and W2 at 50°C. The coefficient of cubical
expansion of the metal is less than that of the alcohol. Assuming that the density of the metal is large
compared to that of alcohol, it can be shown that [1980, 2M]
(A) W1 > W2 (B) W1 = W2 (C) W1 < W2 (D) all of these
2. A vessel containing water is given a constant acceleration ‘a’ towards the right along a straight hori-
zontal path. Which of the following diagrams represents the surface of the liquid? [1981, 2M]

(A) (B) (C) (D) none of these

3. The following four wires are made of the same material. Which of these will have the largest extension
when the same tension is applied? [1981, 2M]
(A) Length = 50 cm, diameter = 0.5 mm (B) Length = 100 cm, diameter = 1 mm
(C) Length = 200 cm, diameter = 2 mm (D) Length = 300 cm, diameter = 3 mm
4. A body floats in a liquid contained in a beaker. The whole system as shown in figure falls freely under
gravity. The upthrust on the body is : [1982, 3M]
(A) zero
(B) equal to the weight of liquid displaced
(C) equal to the weight of the body in air
(D) equal to the weight of the immersed portion of the body

5. A U-tube of uniform cross-section is partially filled with a liquid I. Another liquid II which does not mix
with liquid I is poured into one side. It is found that the liquid levels of the two sides of the tube are the
same, while the level of liquid I has risen by 2 cm. If the specific gravity of liquid I is 1.1, the specific
gravity of liquid II must be [1983, 1M]
(A) 1.12 (B) 1.1 (C) 1.05 (D) 1.0
6. A vessel contains oil (density = 0.8 g/cm ) over mercury (density = 13.6 g/cm3). A homogeneous
3

sphere floats with half its volume immersed in mercury and the other half in oil. The density of the
material of the sphere in g/cm3 is [1988, 2M]
(A) 3.3 (B) 6.4 (C) 7.2 (D) 12.8
7. Two rods of different materials having coefficients of thermal expansion a1, a2 and Young’s moduli Y1,
Y2 respectively are fixed between two rigid massive walls. The rods are heated such that they undergo
the same increase in temperature. There is no bending of the rods. If a1 : a2 = 2 : 3, the thermal
stresses developed in the two roads are equal provided Y1 : Y2 is equal to [1989, 2M]
(A) 2 : 3 (B) 1 : 1 (C) 3 : 2 (D) 4 : 9
8. A homogeneous solid cylinder of length L (L < H/2), cross-sectional area A/5 is immersed such that it
floats with its axis vertical at the liquid-liquid interface with length L/4 in the denser liquid as shown in
the figure. The lower density liquid is open to atmosphere having pressure P0. Then, density D of solid
is given by [1995, 2M]

(A) 5d/4 (B) 4d/5 (C) 4d (D) d/5

101
PHYSICS
9. Water from a tap emerges vertically downwards with an initial speed of 1 m/s. The cross-sectional
area of tap is 10–4 m2. Assume that the pressure is constant throughout the steam of water and that the
flow is steady, the cross-sectional area of stream 0.15 m below the tap is [1998, 2M]
(A) 5 × 10–4 m2 (B) 1 × 10–4 m2 (C) 5 × 10–5 m2 (D) 2 × 10–5 m2
10. A given quantity of an ideal gas is at pressure P and absolute temperature T. The isothermal bulk
modulus of the gas is [1998, 2M]
(A) 2P/3 (B) P (C) 3P/2 (D) 2P
11. A closed compartment containing gas is moving with some acceleration in horizontal direction. Neglect
effect of gravity. Then, the pressure in the compartment is [1999, 2M]
(A) same everywhere (B) lower in front side
(C) lower in rear side (D) lower in upper side
12. A large open tank has two holes in the wall. One is a square hole of side L at a depth y from the top and
the other is a circular hole of radius R at a depth 4y from the top. When the tank is completely filled
with water, the quantities of water flowing out per second from both holes are the same. Then, R is
equal to [2000, 2M]
(A) L / 2p (B) 2pL (C) L (D) L/2p
13. A hemispherical portion of radius R is removed from the bottom of a cylinder of radius R. The volume
of the remaining cylinder is V and mass M. It is suspended by a string in a liquid of density r, where it
stays vertical. The upper surface of the cylinder is at a depth h below the liquid surface. The force on
the bottom of the cylinder by the liquid is [2001]

(A) Mg (B) Mg – Vrg (C) Mg + pR2hrg (D) rg(V + pR2h)

14. When a block of iron floats in mercury at 0°C, fraction k1 of its volume is submerged, while at the
temperature 60°C, a fraction k2 is seen to be submerged. If the coefficient of volume expansion of iron
is gFe and that of mercury is gHg, then the ratio k1/k2 can be expressed as [2001, 2M]
1 + 60g Fe 1 - 60g Fe 1 + 60g Fe 1 + 60g Hg
(A) 1 + 60g (B) 1 + 60g (C) 1 - 60g (D) 1 + 60g
Hg Hg Hg Fe

15. A wooden block, with a coin placed on its top, floats in water as shown in figure. The distance l and
h are shown there. After sometime the coin falls into the water. Then [2002, 2M]

(A) l decreases and h increases (B) l increases and h decreases

(C) both l and h increases (D) both l and h decreases

102
PHYSICS
16. The adjacent graph shows the extension (Dl) of a wire of length 1 m suspended from the top of a roof
at one end and with a load W connected to the other end. If the cross-sectional area of the wire is
10–6 m2, calculate the Young’s modulus of the material of the wire [2003, 2M]

(A) 2 × 1011 N/m2 (B) 2 × 10–11 N/m2 (C) 3 × 1012 N/m2 (D) 2 × 1013 N/m2
17. The pressure of a medium is changed from 1.01 × 105 Pa to 1.165 × 105 Pa and change in volume is
10% keeping temperature constant. The bulk modulus of the medium is [2005, 2M]
(A) 204.8 × 105 Pa (B) 102.4 × 105 Pa (C) 51.2 × 105 Pa (D) 1.55 × 105 Pa
18. Water is filled in a cylindrical container to a height of 3 m. The ratio of the cross-sectional area of the
orifice and the beaker is 0.1. The square of the speed of the liquid coming out from the orifice is
(g = 10 m/s2) [2005, 2M]

(A) 50 m2/s2 (B) 50.5 m2/s2 (C) 51 m2/s2 (D) 52 m2/s2

19. A student performs an experiment to determine the Young’s modulus of a wire, exactly 2 m long, by
Searle’s method. In a particular reading, the student measures the extension in the length of the wire to
be 0.8 mm with an uncertainty of ± 0.05 mm at a load of exactly 1.0 kg. The student also measures the
diameter of the wire to be 0.4 mm with an uncertainty of ± 0.01 mm.
Take g = 9.8 m/s2 (exact). The Young’s modulus obtained from the reading is [2007, 3M]
(A) (2.0 ± 0.3)´ 1011 N / m 2 (B) (2.0 ± 0.2 ) ´1011 N / m 2

(C) (2.0 ± 0.1) ´ 1011 N / m 2 (D) (2.0 ± 0.05)´ 1011 N / m 2

20. Water is filled up to a height h in beaker of radius R as shown in the figure. The density of water is r,
the surface tension of water is T and the atmospheric pressure is P0. Consider a vertical section ABCD
of the water column through a diameter of the beaker. The force on water on one side of this section
by water on the other side of this section has magnitude [2007, 3M]

2R

A
h
C

(A) | 2P0 Rh + pR 2rgh - 2 RT | (B) | 2P0 Rh + Rrgh 2 - 2 RT |

(C) | P0 pR 2 + Rrgh 2 - 2RT | (D) | P0 pR 2 + Rrgh 2 + 2 RT |

103
PHYSICS
21. A glass tube of uniform internal radius (r) has a valve separating the two identical ends. Initially, the
valve is in a tightly closed position. End 1 has a hemispherical soap bubble of radius r. End 2 has
sub-hemispherical soap bubble as shown in figure. Just after opening the valve, [2011]
Figure

2 1

(A) air from end 1 flows towards end 2. No change in the volume of the soap bubbles
(B) air from end 1 flows towards end 2. Volume of the soap bubble at end 1 decreases
(C) no change occurs
(D) air from end 2 flows towards end 1. Volume of the soap bubble at end 1 increases
OBJECTIVE QUESTION (More than one option are correct)
22. The spring balance A reads 2 kg with a block m suspended from it. A balance B reads 5 kg when a
beaker with liquid is put on the pan of the balance. The two balances are now so arranged that the
hanging mass is inside the liquid in the beaker as shown in figure. In this situation [1985, 2M]

(A) the balance A will read more than 2 kg

(B) the balance B will read more than 5 kg
(C) the balance A will read less than 2 kg and B will read more than 5 kg
(D) the balances A and B will read 2 kg and 5 kg respectively
FILL IN THE BLANKS
23. A wire of length L and cross-sectional area A is made of a material of Young’s modulus Y. If the wire
is stretched by an amount x, the work done is ................. [1987, 2M]

24. A solid sphere of radius R made of a material of bulk modulus K is surrounded by a liquid in a
cylindrical container. A massless piston of area A floats on the surface of the liquid. When a mass M is
placed on the piston to compress the liquid the fractional change in the radius of the sphere, dR/R, is
......... [1988, 2M]
25. A piece of metal floats on mercury. The coefficients of volume expansion of the metal and mercury are
g1 and g2 respectively. If the temperatures of both mercury and the metal are increased by an amount
DT, the fraction of the volume of the metal submerged in mercury changes by the factor ................
[1991, 2M]

26. A horizontal pipeline carries water in a streamline flow. At a point along the pipe, where the cross-
sectional area is 10 cm2, the water velocity is 1 m/s and the pressure is 2000 Pa. The pressure of water
at another point where the cross-sectional area is 5 cm2, is ................. Pa.
(Density of water = 103 kg-m3) [1994, 2M]

104
PHYSICS
True/False
27. A barometer made of a very narrow tube (see figure) is placed at normal temperature and pressure.
The coefficient of volume expansion of mercury is 0.00018/°C and that of the tube is negligible. The
temperature of mercury in the barometer is now raised by 1°C but the temperature of the atmosphere
does not change. Then, the mercury height in the tube remains unchanged. [1983, 2M]

28. Water in a closed tube (see figure) is heated with one arm vertically placed above a lamp. Water will
begin to circulate along the tube in counter-clockwise direction. [1983, 2M]

29. A block of ice with a lead shot embedded in it is floating on water contained in a vessel. The temperature
of the system is maintained at 0°C as the ice melts. When the ice melts completely the level of water in
the vessel rises. [1986, 3M]

Asseration
30. STATEMENT - 1 [2008]
The stream of water flowing at high speed from a garden hose pipe tends to spread like a fountain
when held vertically up, but tends to narrow down when held vertically down.
STATEMENT - 2
In any steady flow of an incompressible fluid, the volume flow rate of the fluid remains constant.

Paragraph - I (Questions numbers 31 to 33)

A cylindrical tank has a hole of diameter 2r in its bottom. The hole is covered wooden cylindrical
block of diameter 4r, height h and density r/3. [2006]

h1
4r r/3
h2 h

r
2r

Situation 1: Initially, the tank is filled with water of density r to a height such that the height of
water above the top of the block is h1 (measured from the top of the block)
Situation 2 : The water is removed from the tank to a height h2 (measured from the bottom of the
block), as shown in the figure. The height h2 is smaller than h (height of the block) and thus the
block is exposed to the atmosphere.
31. Find the minimum value of height h1 (in situation 1), for which the block just starts to move up ?
2h 5h 5h 5h
(A) (B) (C) (D)
3 4 3 2

105
PHYSICS
32. Find the height of the water level h2 (in situation 2), for which the block remains in its original
position without the application of any external force)
h 4h 2h
(A) (B) (C) (D) h
3 9 3
33. In situation 2, if h2 is further decrease, then
(A) cylinder will not move up and remains at its original position
h
(B) for h2 = , cylinder again starts moving up
3
h
(C) for h2 = , cylinder again starts moving up
4
h
(D) for h2 = , cylinder again starts moving up
5
Paragraph - II (Questions numbers 34 to 36)
æ ö 5
A small spherical monatomic ideal gas bubble ç g = 3 ÷ is trapped inside a liquid of density rl,
è ø
(see figure), Assume that the bubble does not exchange any heat with the liquid. The bubble
contains n moles of gas. The temperature of the gas when the bubble is at the bottom is T0, the
height of the liquid is H and the atmospheric pressure is P0 (Neglect surface tension)
Figure. [2008]
P0
liquid

H
y

34. As the bubble moves upwards, besides the buoyancy force the following forces are acting on it
(A) Only the force of gravity
(B) The force due to gravity and the force due to the pressure of the liquid
(C) The force due to gravity, the force due to the pressure of the liquid and the force due to
viscosity of the liquid
(D) The force due to gravity and the force due to viscosity of the liquid
35. When the gas bubble is at a height y from the bottom, its temperature is
2/5 2/5
æ P + rl gH ö æ P0 + rl g(H - y) ö
(A) T0 ç 0 ÷ (B) T0 ç P + r gH ÷
è P0 + rl gy ø è 0 l ø
3/5 3/5
æ P0 + rl gH ö æ P0 + rl g(H - y) ö
(C) T0 ç P + r gy ÷ (D) T0 ç P + r gH ÷
è 0 l ø è 0 l ø
36. The buoyancy force acting on the gas bubble is (Assume R is the universal gas constant)
(P0 + rl gH)2 / 5 rlnRgT0
(A) rlnRgT0 7/5 (B) (P + r gH)2 / 5 [P + r g(H - y)]3 / 5
(P0 + rl gy) 0 l 0 l

(P0 + rl gH)3 / 5 rlnRgT0

(C) rlnRgT0 8/5 (D) (P + r gH)3 / 5 [P + r g(H - y)]2 / 5
(P0 + rl gy) 0 l 0 l

106
PHYSICS
Paragraph - III (Questions numbers 37 to 39)
When liquid medicine of density r is to be put in the eye, it is done with the help of a dropper. As the
bulb on the top of the dropper is pressed, a drop forms at the opening of the dropper. We wish to
estimate the size of the drop. We first assume that the drop formed at the opening is spherical because
that requires a minimum increases in its surface energy. To determine the size, we calculate the net
vertical force due to the surface tension T when the radius of the drop is R. When this force becomes
smaller than the weight of hte drop, the drop gets detached from the dropper.
37. If the radius of the opening of the dropper is r, the vertical force due to the surface tension on the drop
of radius R (assuming r << R) is [2009]

2pr 2T 2pR 2T
(A) 2prT (B) 2pRT (C) (D)
R r

38. If r = 5 × 10–4m, r = 103 kg m–3, g = 10 ms–2, T = 0.11 Nm–1, the radius of the drop when it detaches
from the dropper is approximately.
(A) 1.4 × 10–3m (B) 3.3 × 10–3m (C) 2.0 × 10–3m (D) 4.1 × 10–3m
39. After the drop detaches, its surface energy is
(A) 1.4 × 10–6J (B) 2.7 × 10–6J (C) 5.4 × 10–6J (D) 8.1 × 10–3J
INTEGER TYPE QUESTION
40. A 0.1kg mass is suspended from a wire of negligible mass. The length of the wire is 1m and its cross-
sectional area is 4.9 × 10–7 m2. If the mass is pulled a little in the vertically downward direction and
released, it performs simple harmonic motion of angular frequency 140 rad s–1. If the Young’s modulus
of the material of the wire is n × 109 Nm–2, the value of n is. [2009]
41. Steel wire of length ‘L’ at 40ºC is suspended from the ceiling and then a mass ‘m’ is hung from its free
end. The wire is cooled down from 40ºC to 30ºC to region its original length ‘L’. The coefficients of
linear thermal expansion of the steel is 10–5 /ºC, Young’s modulus of steel is 1011N/m2 and radius of the
wire is 1mm. Assume that L >> diameter of the wire. Then the value of ‘m’ in kg is nearly.[2010]
42*. Two solid spheres A and B of equal volumes but of different densities dA and dB are connected by a
string. They are fully immersed in a fluid of density dF. They get arranged into an equilibrium state as
shown in the figure with a tension in the string. The arrangement is possible only if [2011]

(A) dA < dF (B) dB > dF (C) dA > dF (D) dA + dB = 2dF

43. A thin uniform cylindrically shell, closed at both ends, is partially filled with water . It is floating
vertically in water in half-submerged state. If rc is the relative density of the material of the
shell with respect to water, then the correct statement is that the shell is [2012]
(A) more than half-filled if rc is less than 0.5 (B) more than half-filled if rc is less than 1.0
(C) half-filled if rc is more than 0.5 (D) less than half-filled if rc is less than 0.5
107
PHYSICS

EXERCISE 10
8
1. Two identical cylindrical vessels with their bases at the same level each contain a liquid of density r.
The height of the liquid in one vessel is h1 and in the other is h2. The area of either base is A. What is the
work done by gravity in equalising the levels when the two vessels are connected? [1981, 4M]

2. A wooden plank of length 1 m and uniform cross-section is hinged at one end to the bottom of a tank
as shown in figure. The tank is filled with water upto a height 0.5 m. The specific gravity of the plank is
0.5. Find the angle q that the plank makes with the vertical in the equilibrium position. (exclude the case
q = 0°) [1984, 8M]

3. A ball of density d is dropped on to a horizontal solid surface. It bounces elastically from the surface
and returns to its original position in a time t1. Next, the ball is released and it falls through the same
height before striking the surface of a liquid of density dL. [1992, 8M]
(a) If d < dL, obtain an expression (in terms of d, t1 and dL) for the time t2 the ball takes to come back
to the position from which it was released.
(b) Is the motion of the ball simple harmonic?
(c) If d = dL, how does the speed of the ball depend on its depth inside the liquid? Neglect all frictional
and other dissipative forces. Assume the depth of the liquid to be large.

4. A container of large uniform cross-sectional area A resting on a horizontal surface, holds two immiscible,
non-viscous and incompressible liquids of densities d and 2d, each of height H/2 as shown in figure.
The lower density liquid is open to the atmosphere having pressure P0.

(a) A homogeneous solid cylinder of length L (L < H/2), cross-sectional area A/5 is immersed such that
if floats with its axis vertical at the liquid-liquid interface with length L/4 in the denser liquid. Determine
(i) the density D of the solid. [1995, 5+5M]
(ii) the total pressure at the bottom of the container.
(b) the cylinder is removed and the original arrangements is restored. A tiny hole of area s(s << A) is
punched on the vertical side of the container at a height h (h < H/2). Determine
(i) the initial speed of efflux of the liquid at the hole.
(ii) the horizontal distance x travelled by the liquid initially and
(iii) the height hm at which the hole should be punched so that the liquid travels the maximum distance
xm initially. Also calculate xm. (Neglect the air resistance in these calculations)
108
PHYSICS
5. A thin rod of negligible mass and area of cross-section 4 × 10–6 m2, suspended vertically from one end,
has a length of 0.5 m at 100°C. The rod is cooled to 0°C, but prevented from contracting by attaching
a mass at the lower end. Find (i) its mass and (ii) the energy stored in the rod, given for the rod.
Young’s modulus = 1011 N/m2, coefficient of linear expansion 10–5 K–1 and g = 10 m/s2.
[1997 C, 5M]
6. A large open top container of negligible mass and uniform cross-sectional area A has a small holes of
cross-sectional area A/100 in its side wall near the bottom. The container is kept on a smooth horizontal
floorand containera liquid ofdensity r and mass m0. Assuming that the liquid starts flowing out
horizontally through the hole at t = 0. Calculate [1997 C, 5M]
(i) the acceleration of the container and
(ii) its velocity when 75% of the liquid has drained out.

7. A non-viscous liquid of constant density 1000 kg/m3 flows in streamline motion along a tube of variable
cross-section. The tube is kept inclined in the vertical plane as shown in the figure. The area of cross-
section of the tube at two points P and Q at heights of 2 m and 5 m are respectively 4 × 10–3 m2 and
8 × 10–3 m2. The velocity of the liquid at point P is 1 m/s. Find the work done per unit volume by the
pressure and the gravity forces as the fluid flows from point P to Q. [1997, 5M]

8. A wooden stick of length L, radius R and density r has a small metal piece of mass m (of negligible
volume) attached to its one end. Find the minimum value for the mass m (in terms of given parameters)
that would make the stick float vertically in equilibrium in a liquid of density s (> r).[1999, 10M]

9. A uniform solid cylinder of density 0.8 g/cm3 floats in equilibrium in a combination of two non-mixing
liquids A and B with its axis vertical. The densities of the liquids A and B are 0.7 g/cm3 and 1.2
g/cm3, respectively. The height of liquid A is hA = 1.2 cm. The length of the part of the cylinder immersed
in liquid B is hB = 0.8 cm.

(a) Find the total force exerted by liquid A on the cylinder.

(b) Find h, the length of the part of the cylinder in air [2002, 5M]
(c) The cylinder is depressed in such a way that its top surface is just below the upper surface of
liquid A and is then released. Find the acceleration of the cylinder immediately after it is released.

10. A soap bubble is being blown at the end of very narrow tube of radius b. Air (density r) moves
with a velocity v inside the tube and comes to rest inside the bubble. The surface tension of the
soap solution is T. After sometime the bubble, having grown to radius r separates from the tube.
Find the value of r. Assume the r >> b so, that you can consider the air to be falling normally on
the bubble’s surface. [2003, 4M]

109
PHYSICS
11. A liquid of density 900 kg/m3 is filled in a cylindrical tank of upper radius 0.9 m and lower radius
0.3 m. A capillary tube of length l is attached at the bottom of the tank as shown in the figure. The
capillary has outer radius 0.002 m and inner radius a. When pressure P is applied at the top of the
tank volume flow rate of the liquid is 8 × 10–6 m3/s and if capillary tube is detached, the liquid comes
out from the tank with a velocity 10 m/s. Determine the coefficient of viscosity of the liquid.
[Given : pa2 = 10–6 m2 and a2/l = 2 × 10–6 m] [2003, 4M]

12. A container of width 2a is filled with a liquid. A thin wire of weight per unit length l is gently placed
over the liquid surface in the middle of the surface as shown in the figure. As a result, the liquid
surface is depressed by a distance y (y << a). Determine the surface tension of the liquid.
[2004, 2M]

13. A small sphere falls from rest in a viscous liquid. Due to friction, heat is produced. Find the relation
between the rate of production of heat and the radius of the sphere at terminal velocity.
[2004, 2M]
14. Consider a horizontally oriented syringe containing water located at a height of 1.25 m above the
ground. The diameter of the plunger is 8 mm and the diameter of the nozzle is 2 mm. The plunger
is pushed with a constant speed of 0.25 m/s. Find the horizontal range of water stream on the ground.
(g = 10 m/s2) [2004, 2M]

15. In Searle’s experiment, which is used to find Young’s modulus of elasticity, the diameter of experimental
wire is D = 0.05 cm (measured by a scale of least count 0.001 cm) and length is L = 110 cm (measured
by a scale of least count 0.1 cm). A weight of 50 N causes an extension of X = 0.125 cm (measured
by a micrometer of least count 0.001 cm). Find maximum possible error in the values of Young’s
modulus. Screw gauge and meter scale are free from error. [2004, 2M]

16. A U-shaped tube contains a liquid of density r and it is rotated about the line as shown in the figure.
Find the difference in the levels of liquid column. [2005, 2M]

110
PHYSICS

EXERCISE 11
8
INTEGER TYPE QUESTION
1. A solid ball of density half that of water falls freely under gravity from a height of 19.6 m and then
enter water. How much time (in sec.) will it take to come again to the water surface? Neglect air
resistance & velocity effects in water.
2. For the system shown in the figure, the cylinder on the left at L has a
mass of 600kg and a cross sectional area of 800 cm2. The piston on
the right, at S, has cross sectional area 25cm2 and negligible weight.
If the apparatus is filled with oil.(r = 0.75 gm/cm3) . If the force F
required to hold the system in equilibrium in equal to N × 7.5newton,
then find the value of N.
3. An open cubical tank completely filled with water is kept on a horizontal
surface. Its acceleration is then slowly increased to 2m/s2 as shown in the
Fig. The side of the tank is 1m. If the mass of water that would spill out of the
tank is equal to 100/Nkg. Find the value of N.

4. Auniformcylindricalblockoflengthldensityd1 andareaofcrosssectionAfloats
in a liquid of density d2 contained in a vessel (d2>d1). The bottom of the cylinder
just rests on a spring of constant k. The other end of the spring is fixed to the
bottom of the vessel. The weight that may be placed on top of the cylinder
æ k ö
N × l ( d 2 - d1 ) ç + Ag ÷
is è d2 øsuchthatthecylinderisjustsubmergedintheliquid.FindthevalueofN.
2
5. Two soap bubbles A and B are kept in a closed chamber where air is maintained at pressure 8N/m2.
The radii of bubbles A and B are 2cm and 4cm, respectively. The surface tension of soap water used
to make bubbles is 0.04N/m. Find the ratio nB/nA, where nA and nB are the number of moles of air
inbubblesAandB,respectively.(neglecttheeffectofgravity.)

6. A vertical cylindrical container of base area A and upper cross-section

area A1 making an angle 30° with the horizontal is placed in an open rainy
field as shown near another cylindrical container having same base area
A. The ratio of rates of collection of water in the two containers will be
7. A jet of water having velocity = 10 m/s and stream cross-section = 2 cm2 hits a flat plate perpendicularly,
with the water splashing out parallel to plate. If the plate experiences a force of P × 10Newton. Find
the value of P.
8. A laminar stream is flowing vertically down from a tap of cross-section area 1 cm2. At a distance 10
cm below the tap, the cross-section area of the stream has reduced to 1/2 cm2. The volumetric flow
rate of water from the tap must be about N × 4.9 litre/min. Find the value of N.
9. A cylindrical vessel open at the top is 20 cm high and 10 cm in diameter. A circular hole whose
cross-sectional area 1 cm2 is cut at the centre of the bottom of the vessel. Water flows from a tube
above it into the vessel at the rate 100 cm3 s–1. The height (in cm) of water in the vessel under steady
state is (Take g = 1000 cm s–2)
10. A soap bubble has radius R and thickness d (<< R) as shown. It colapses into a
spherical drop. If the ratio of excess pressure in the drop to the excess pressure
1
æ R ö3
inside the bubble is equal to ç ÷ . Find the value of N.
è N ´ 6d ø
111
PHYSICS
11. A spherical ball of density r and radius 0.003m is dropped into a tube containing
a viscous fluid filled up to the 0 cm mark as shown in the figure. Viscosity of the
fluid = 1.260 N.m–2 and its density rL= r 2 = 1260 kg.m–3. Assume the ball
reaches a terminal speed by the 10 cm mark. The time (in sec) taken by the ball
to traverse the distance between the 10 cm and 20 cm mark is
( g = acceleration due to gravity = 10 ms–2 )

12. Two arms of a U-tube have unequal diameters d1 = 1.0 mm and d2 = 1.0 cm. If water (surface tension
7 × 10–2 N/m) is poured into the tube held in the vertical position, if the difference of level of water in
the U-tube is N / 2 cm. Find the value of N. Assume the angle of contact to be zero.
13. If the rate of flow is 6.43 × 10–x m3/s of glycerine of density 1.25 × 103 kg/m3 through the conical
section of a pipe if the radii of its ends are 0.1m & 0.04m and the pressure drop across its length
is 10N/m2. Find the value of x.
14. A solid block of volume V=10-3m3 and density d=800kg/m3 is tied to one end of a string, the other
endofwhich istiedtothebottom ofthevessel.Thevessel contains 2immiscibleliquids of densities
r1=1000kg/m3 and r2=1500kg/m3. The solid block is immersed with 2/5th of its volume in the liquid
of higher density & 3/5th in the liquid of lower density. The vessel is placed in an elevator which is
moving up with an acceleration of a=g/2. Find the tension in the string. [g=10m/s2]
15. A long capillary tube of radius r is dipped in water such that 3/ 4 of the height it can rise in the
capillaryisavailableabovethefreelevelofwater.Theangleofcontactatthetoplevelinthe tubeis
p/W. What is the value of W.
16. Water having surface tension of 0.075J/m2 is poured into a cylindrical vessel of radius 5cm. Findthe
surfaceenergy possessed by it in 10–14J (nearly).
17. A plateof area 100cm2 is placed on the upper surface of castor oil, 2mm thick. Taking the coefficient
ofviscosity to be15.5 poise, calculated thehorizontal force (in10–5 N nearly)necessary to movethe
platewithavelocity3cm/sec.
18. Two capillary tubes of equal length and inner radii 2r and 4r respectively, are added in series and a
liquid flows through it. If the pressure difference between the ends of the whole system is 8.5cm of
mercury,findoutthepressuredifferencebetweentheendsofthefirstcapillarytube.
19. A wire of length 1m and area of cross section 2 × 10–6m2 is suspended from the top of a roof at one
endanda load of20N is applied at the other end.If the length of the wire is increased by 0.5 × 10–4m,
calculate its Young’s modulus (in 1011 N/m2)
20. A glasscapillary tube of 0.11m length and 2 × 10–5m internal radius has it one end sealed. The tube is
dippedverticallyina liquid of 5.06×10–2 N/m.Uptowhatdepthshoulditbedipped so thatthe liquid
insideandoutsidethetubeisthesame?Ifthesealisnowbroken,whatwillbethechangeintheliquid
level(in10–5m).
21. A block of mass m produces an extension of 9 cm in an elastic spring of length 60cm when it is hung
by it, and the system is in equilibrium. The spring is cut in two parts of 40cm and 20cm lengths. The
sameblockhangsinequilibriumwiththehelpofthesetwoparts.Findtheextension(incm)inthiscase.
Q
22. A non-viscous liquid of density 1200kg/m3 flows in a streamline through a pipe of
varying cross section, as shown with P and Q as centres, 4 × 10–3m2. If the entry
velocityofPis2m/sec,findthevelocityatQ. P 5m
3m
23. A solid sphere of radius 5cm floats in water. If a maximum load of 0.1kg can be put on it without
wettingtheload,findthespecificgravityofthematerialofthesphere(in×10–1)
24. Acylindricalobjectofouterdiameter20cmandmass2kgfloatsinwaterwithitsaxisvertical.Ifitis
slightlydepressedandthenreleased,findthetimeperiodoftheresultingsimpleharmonicmotionofthe
object (in × 10–1sec)
25. Aballoonofmass1.5kg(withcontents)isdescendingwithanaccelerationequaltohalftheacceleration
duetogravity. Find its mass by which it should be decreased to that the balloon goes up with the same
acceleration(inkg).
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PHYSICS
PP- ANSWER KEY
PP-1

1. (C) 2. (C) 3. (D) 4. (D)

5. (A) 6. (B) 7. (C) 8. (B)
9. (C) 10. (A) 11. (D)

PP-2
1. (C) 2. (A) 3. (B) 4. (D)
5. (A) 6. (A) 7. (B) 8. (C)
9. (B) 10. (C)

PP-3

1. (C) 2. (C) 3. (A) 4. (B)

5. (A) 6. (B) 7. (D) 8. (B)
9. (C) 10. (B)

PP-4
1. (B) 2. (A) 3. (A) 4. (B)
5. (D) 6. (B) 7. (A) 8. (A)
9. (B) 10. (D)

PP-5
1. (B) 2. (A) 3. (A) 4. (C)
5. (D) 6. (C) 7. (B) 8. (B)
9. (B) 10. (C)

PP-6

1. (C) 2. (A) 3. (C) 4. (A)

5. (B) 6. (D) 7. (A) 8. (C)

PP-7
1. (D) 2. (B) 3. (C) 4. (B)
5. (D) 6. (A) 7. (C) 8. (D)
9. (B) 10. (B)

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PHYSICS

ANSWER SHEET
Exercise - 02
1. C 2. C 3. A 4. C
5. C 6. B 7. A 8. C
9. B 10. B 11. A 12. B
13. D 14. D 15. D 16. D
17. A 18. C 19. B 20. B
21. B 22. C 23. A 24. A
25. A 26. B 27. B 28. C
29. C 30. A 31. C 32. D
33. C 34. C 35. B 36. B
37. C 38. C 39. C 40. B
41. A 42. B

Exercise - 03
1. 0.800
2. Mercury will rise in the arm containining spirit, the difference in levels of mercury will be 0.221 cm
3. For the first bore, pressure difference (between the concave and convex side )
= 2×7.3 ×10–2/3 ×10–3 = 48.7 Pa. Similarly for the second bore, pressure difference = 97.3 Pa.
consequently, the level difference in the two bores is [48.7/(103 ×9.8) ] m = 5mm. The level in the
narrower bore is higher.
4. 6.95 ×105 Pa
5. (a) 11.5 kg (b) 10.5 kg
6. Reading of lower scale = 36.66 N, Reading of upper scale = 12.34 N
4 4
7. (a) 9.9 m/s, (b) 4.36 ×10 Pa, (c) 6.6 ×10 Pa
8. (a) 3 min, (b) 1.5 min 9. 2.5 ×10–2N/m
mg l
10. Excess Pressure = 310 Pa total pressure = 1.0131 × 105Pa 11. Dl =
2 AY

Exercise - 04
1. D 2. A 3. C 4. C
5. B 6. A 7. D 8. A
9. A 10. A 11. B 12. A
13. D 14. C 15. B 16. C
17. D 18. A 19. D 20. A
21. A 22. C 23. C 24. B
25. D 26. B 27. A 28. A
29. B 30. D 31. D 32. C
33. B 34. D 35. A 36. B
37. C 38. D 39. A 40. D
41. D 42. A 43. D 44. C
45. A

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PHYSICS

Exercise - 05
1. 2.5 × 1011 Pa
2. (a) absoute pressure = 96 cm of Hg, gauge pressure = 20 cm of Hg for (a) absolute pressure = 58 cm
of Hg, gauge pressure = –18 cm of Hg for (b) mercury would rise in the left limb such that the
difference in its levels in the two limbs becomes 19 cm.
3. 54.8 N
ρ gl h 2 ρ gl h 3 h 2 4
4. (a) , (b) , (c) 5. (a) 4 m/s (b) 10% (c) zero, 4.5 ×10 Pa
2 6 3
6. (a) 24 N, (b) 12 m/s 7. (a) 10 m/s, (b) 14.1m/s (c) 9200 s
1 ρ V3
8. 4.51 m/s 9. (a) 4 m/s, (b) 7.2 N, (c) 0.52.2 N 10.
2 b2 t 2
11. 5.34 mm 12. 1 cm, on braking the seal the liquid will rise in the capillary
12. 5.9 cm/sec, 3.9 ×10–10N 14. 1.8
–4 –4
15. 1.5×10 m (steel); 1.3×10 m (brass) 16. 1.8×102 N

Exercise - 06
1. AC 2. BCD 3. AB 4. BC
5. BD 6. C 7. ABCD 8. ABC
9. AB 10. A B C 11. ABC 12. AC
13. AC 14. B C D 15. CD 16. ABD
17. ABC 18. A B 19. AB 20. BC
21. CD 22. A B C 23. BD 24. AB
25. AB 26. C D 27. BCD 28. BD
29. ABCD 30. A B C 31. ACD 32. BD
33. ABC 34. B D 35. AC 36. AB
37. ACD 38. A B C D 39. BC 40. ABCD
41. ACD 42. C 43. A 44. B
45. A 46. A 47. A 48. B
49. A 50. D 51. C 52. D
53. C 54. A 55. D 56. A
57. A 58. B 59. B 60. A
61. C 62. C 63. C 64. C
65. D 66. A 67. A 68. D
69. A 70. D 71. A 72. D
73. A 74. D 75. A 76. B
77. C 78. C 79. A 80. A
81. A - q, B - r, C- p, D-s 82. A-s,B-r, C-s, D-q
83. A-s, B-q,r, C-q, D-p 84. A-q, B-r, C-s, D-p
85. A –p,r , B –r,s , C-p,r , D– p,q 86. A -s, B-r, C-q, D- p
87. A-s, B-p, C-q, D - r 88. A - p, B - q, C - r, D - s
89. A-s, B-p, C-q, D-r 90. A-r, B-s C-q, D-p
91. A-s, B-p C-r , D-s 92. A-p, B-q, C-r, D-s
93. A-r , B -p , C -q , D - r 94. A- s, B – p, C – q, D – p,r

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PHYSICS

Exercise - 08
1. D 2. B 3. B 4. A
5. A 6. C 7. C 8. D
9. B 10 B 11. C

Exercise - 09
Objective Questions (Only one option)
1. (C) 2. (C) 3. (A) 4. (A) 5. (B) 6. (C) 7. (C)
8. (A) 9. (C) 10. (B) 11. (B) 12. (A) 13. (D) 14. (A)
15. (D) 16. (A) 17. (D) 18. (A) 19. (B) 20. (B) 21. (B)
Objective Questions (More than one option) 22. (B, C)
Fill in the Blanks

1 æ YA ö 2 Mg ( g1 - g 2 ) D T
23. ç ÷x 24. 25. 26. 500
2è L ø 3AK 1 + g 1DT
True/False 27. F 28. F 29. F
Asseration 30. (A)
Passage
31. (C) 32. (B) 33. (A) 34. (D) 35. (B)
36. (B) 37. (C) 38. (A) 39. (B)
Integer type question
40. 4 41. 3 42. ABD 43. A

Exercise - 10
rAg t 1d L
1. (h1 - h 2 ) 2 2. 45º 3. (a) d - d , (b) no, (c) remains same
4 L

dg (6H + L)
4. (i)
5d
, (ii) P = P0 + (b) (i) (3H - 4h ) g (ii) h (3H - 4h ) (iii) At h =
3H 3
, H
4 4 2 8 4

g gm 0
5.(i) 40 kg, (ii) 0.1 J 6. (i) , (ii) 7. 29025 J/m3 , 29400 J/m3
50 2Ar

4T
8. pR L rs -r
2
9. (a) zero (b) 0.25 cm, (c) g/6 10.
rv 2

1 la dQ
11. Ns / m 2 12. 13. µ r5 14. 2m
720 2y dt
w2 L2
15. 1.09×1010 n/m2 16. H =
2g

Exercise - 11
1. 4 2. 5 3. 1 4. 2 5. 6 6. 2
7. 2 8. 1 9. 5 10. 4 11. 5 12. 5
13. 4 14. 6 15. 6 16. 6 17. 2 18. 8
19. 2 20. 1 21. 2 22. 5 23. 8 24. 5 25. 1
116