Medical Gases Systems

Presented By: Mohamed Salah

THE FOURTH LECTURE.

 Medical Gases Systems
Presented By: Mohamed Salah
Medical Gas Systems
b) Selecting Equipment.

1. Choosing An Oxygen Supply System.

2. Choosing Medical compressed air systems.
3. Choosing Surgical Air Systems.
4. Choosing Medical Vacuum Systems.
5. Choosing Anaesthetic Gas Scavenging
Disposal Systems.
6. Choosing Nitrous Systems.
Medical Gas Systems
b) Selecting Equipment.
• Choosing An Oxygen Supply System.
• Depend on the following items.

1. The potential size.

2. Variability of the hospital’s medical oxygen demand.

Medical Gas Systems
b) Selecting Equipment.
1. Choosing An Oxygen Supply System.
 Oxygen is generally supplied from:
1. Compressed Gas Cylinders.
2. Liquid Gas Cylinders.
3. A liquid source such as a large vacuum-
insulated evaporator (VIE).
4. Oxygen concentrator (pressure-swing adsorber)
(PSA).
Medical Gas Systems
b) Selecting Equipment.
1. Compressed Gas Cylinders.
• The primary supply is provided by two banks of
equal numbers of gas cylinders which are
connected to the pipeline via a control panel.
• Each bank of the manifold should have sufficient
cylinders for two days. Additional cylinders for
one complete bank change should be held in the
manifold room.
Medical Gas Systems
b) Selecting Equipment.
1. Compressed Gas Cylinders.
• Typical automatic manifold control system and emergency reserve
manifold.
Medical Gas Systems
b) Selecting Equipment.
1. Compressed Gas Cylinders.
• Typical automatic manifold.
Medical Gas Systems
b) Selecting Equipment.
2. Liquid Gas Cylinders.
• Liquid cylinder systems can also be used to
store the medical gas as a liquid at cryogenic
temperatures and to vaporise it into a gas for
patient use.
• These systems are used where the demand is
too high for compressed gas cylinders to be a
practicable option but where it is neither
economic nor possible to supply bulk medical
liquid oxygen in a VIE system.
Medical Gas Systems
b) Selecting Equipment.
2. Liquid Gas Cylinders.
• The liquid cylinder system consists of:-
• a number of vacuum-insulated liquid cylinders.
• a system to manifold the liquid cylinders
together to store sufficient liquid on site to meet
the hospital’s demand;
• control equipment to regulate the pressure and
flow of gas to the pipeline.
Medical Gas Systems
b) Selecting Equipment.
2. Liquid Gas Cylinders.
• Typical liquid cylinder system and emergency reserve manifold.
Medical Gas Systems
b) Selecting Equipment.
2. Liquid Gas Cylinders.
• Typical liquid cylinder system.
Medical Gas Systems
b) Selecting Equipment.
3. large vacuum-insulated evaporator (VIE).
• For hospitals with larger demands, a bulk
medical oxygen VIE will generally be used.
• Cryogenic liquid systems are normally used
where the demand is high enough to make bulk
supplies cost-effective and where the demand
makes cylinder supplies impracticable.
Medical Gas Systems
b) Selecting Equipment.
3. large vacuum-insulated evaporator (VIE).
• These systems, commonly referred to as
vacuum insulated evaporators (VIEs), are used
to store the medical gas as a liquid at cryogenic
temperatures and to vaporise it into a gas at
ambient temperature for distribution through the
hospital pipeline.
• The liquid oxygen is stored at cryogenic
temperatures (down to minus 183°C) and
converted to a gas at ambient temperature by
passing it through an air-heated vaporiser.
Medical Gas Systems
b) Selecting Equipment.
3. Vacuum-Insulated Evaporator (VIE).
• The VIE system consists of:-
• a vacuum-insulated cryogenic storage vessel to
store the bulk liquid.
• one or more ambient-heated vaporisers to
convert the cryogenic liquid into a gas for supply
to patients via a pipeline.
• control equipment to control the pressure and
flow of gas to the pipeline.
Medical Gas Systems
b) Selecting Equipment.
3. Vacuum-Insulated Evaporator (VIE).
• Typical VIE system with compressed gas cylinder manifold.
Medical Gas Systems
b) Selecting Equipment.
3. Vacuum-Insulated Evaporator (VIE).
• Typical VIE system.
Medical Gas Systems
b) Selecting Equipment.
3. Vacuum-Insulated Evaporator (VIE).
• Typical VIE system.
Medical Gas Systems
b) Selecting Equipment.
4. Oxygen concentrator installations (PSA plant).
• Oxygen concentrators or pressure swing adsorber
(PSA) systems may be an alternative to the more
traditional supply systems (the terms oxygen
concentrator and PSA are interchangeable).
• Typical installations where PSA systems should be
considered are those sites having no access to
reliable liquid supplies, such as remote or off-shore
locations, or where the safety criteria for a bulk
liquid vessel cannot be met (for example, very
restricted sites).
Medical Gas Systems
b) Selecting Equipment.
4. Oxygen concentrator installations (PSA plant).
• Otherwise, PSA systems should only be installed
when an investment appraisal shows them to be
economical.
• Low energy consumption.
• Almost maintenance free operation.
• Self-sufficient.
• No longer have to rely on delivery from external
suppliers.
• Eliminate rental charges, transportation cost,
evaporation losses and labor cost.
Medical Gas Systems
b) Selecting Equipment.
4. Oxygen concentrator installations (PSA plant).
• Schematic diagram of a typical PSA installation.
Medical Gas Systems
b) Selecting Equipment.
4. Oxygen concentrator installations (PSA plant).
• Schematic diagram of a typical PSA installation.
Medical Gas Systems
b) Selecting Equipment.
4. Oxygen concentrator installations (PSA plant).
• Schematic diagram of a typical PSA operation.