FORCES ON CURVED SURFACES: 1consist of a circular arc AB supported by a EXAMPLE 4 In the figure shown, the 1.

20m diameter cylinder,

We do not use a direct method of integration to find the structural frame hinged at O. The length of the gate 1.20m long is acted upon by water on the left and oil having s
force due to the hydrostatic pressure on a curved surface. is 20m. = 0.8 on the right. Determine the components of the reaction
Rather, a free-body diagram that contains the curved a. Compute the Vertical Force on the gate at B if the cylinder weighs 19.62KN.
surface and the liquids directly above or below the curved b. How far is the line of action vertical force from
a vertical axis on point O.
surface is identified. Such a free-body diagram contains
only plane surfaces upon which unknown fluid forces act;
these unknown forces can be found as in the preceding
section.
As an example, let us determine the force of the curved
gate on the stop, shown in the next Figure. The free-body
diagram, which includes the water contained directly
Fig. B
above the gate, is shown in Fig.A F 1and F2 are due to the
If the curved surface is a quarter circle, the problem
surrounding water and are the resultant forces of the
can be greatly simplified. This is observed by
pressure distributions shown; the body force FW is due to
considering the free-body diagram of the gate only
the weight of the water shown. In Fig. B the gate is the
Fig. B. The horizontal force FH acting on the gate is
free body; the forces Fx and Fy are the horizontal and
equal to F1 of Fig. A, and the component Fv is equal PRACTICE 1: Calculate the force P necessary to
vertical components, respectively, of the force acting on
to the combined force F2 + Fw of Fig. A. Now, FH hold the 4m-wide gate in the position shown in the
the hinge. By summing moments about an axis passing
and FV are due to differential force acting on the next figure. Neglect the weight of the gate.
through the hinge, we can determine the force P acting
circular arc. Hence the resultant force FH + FV (this EXAMPLE 5: What P is needed to hold the 4-m-wide gate
on the stop.
is a vector addition) must through the center. shown? The gate is a quarter circle.
Consequently, we can locate the components FH
and FV at the center of the quarter circle, resulting
in a much simpler problem.

EXAMPLE 1: The tank given in the next figure is

3m wide into the paper. Neglecting the atmospheric
pressure, compute the hydrostatic vertical and
horizontal force on the quarter circle panel BC.
EXAMPLE 3: Find the force P needed to hold the
gate in the position shown in the next figure if P
acts 3m from the y-axis. The parabolic gate is
150cm wide.

Fig. A
EXAMPLE 2: The crest gate shown in figure