2014 2016 Pennsylvania Learning Standards For Early Childhood

Infant •
CONTINUUM
Young Toddler Older Toddler Pre-Kindergarten
• •
Kindergarten • Grade 1 • Grade 2
2014/2016 Pennsylvania Learning Standards for Early Childhood

Office of Child Development and Early Learning
Pennsylvania Department of Education and Department of Human Services
2
APPROACHES TO LEARNING THROUGH PLAY
STANDARD AREA AL.1 Constructing and Gathering Knowledge
INFANT YOUNG TODDLER OLDER TODDLER PRE-KINDERGARTEN KINDERGARTEN GRADE 1 GRADE 2
A. AL.1 I.A AL.1 YT.A AL.1 OT.A AL.1 PK.A AL.1 K.A AL.1 1.A AL.1 2.A
Curiosity and Use the senses as a Show interest in various Explore characteristics of Explore and ask questions Explore and ask questions Explore and ask questions Explore and ask questions
Initiative primary means to explore environmental stimuli. and ask questions about to seek meaningful to seek meaningful to seek meaningful to seek meaningful
and learn from the objects, people, activities, information about a information about a information about a information about a
environment. and environments. growing range of topics, growing range of topics, growing range of topics, growing range of topics,
ideas, and tasks. ideas, and tasks. ideas, and tasks. ideas, and tasks.
B. AL.1 I.B AL.1 YT.B AL.1 OT.B AL.1 PK.B AL.1 K.B AL.1 1.B AL.1 2.B
Risk-Taking Explore in the comfort of Explore the environment Explore the environment Demonstrate a willingness Demonstrate a willingness Participate in a variety of Participate in a variety of
a familiar surrounding in close proximity to and independently seeking to participate in new and to participate in an challenging experiences. challenging experiences.
or adult. in the constant sight of occasional approval from challenging experiences. increasing variety of
familiar adult. adults. diverse experiences.
C. AL.1 I.C AL.1 YT.C AL.1 OT.C AL.1 PK.C AL.1 K.C AL.1 1.C AL.1 2.C
Stages of Engage in parallel play. Engage in associative play. Engage with others in Engage in complex play Engage in elaborate, Engage in cooperative, Engage in cooperative,
Play simple cooperative play. sequences with two or interactive play sequences purposeful, and purposeful, and
more children. that include acting out interactive play interactive play
roles and negotiating play experiences that enhance experiences that enhance
themes. learning. learning.
STANDARD AREA AL.2 Organizing and Understanding Information

Engagement Interact with others, Engage with others, focus Focus attention and Work toward completing a Complete a task, Complete a task, Complete a task,
and objects, or activities for attention, and participate participate in task- task, even if challenging, despite interruptions or despite interruptions or despite interruptions or
Attention short periods of time. in activities for longer oriented activities. and despite interruptions. classroom disruptions. classroom disruptions. classroom disruptions.
periods of time.
B. AL.2 I.B AL.2 YT.B AL.2 OT.B AL.2 PK.B AL.2 K.B AL.2 1.B AL.2 2.B
Task Analysis Anticipate next step of a Know the sequence of Identify and complete Independently break Complete multi-step tasks Complete multi-step tasks Complete multi-step tasks
familiar routine or activity. familiar routines. the sequence of familiar simple tasks into steps with independence. with independence. with independence.
routines and tasks. and complete them one
at a time.
Persistence Engage with an object in Attempt to accomplish Attempt to accomplish Attempt to accomplish Accomplish challenging Accomplish challenging Accomplish challenging
more than one way. challenging tasks. challenging tasks by challenging tasks by tasks by employing tasks by employing tasks independently.
employing familiar employing familiar and familiar and new familiar and new
strategies. new strategies as needed. strategies as needed. strategies as needed.
D. AL.2 YT.D AL.2 OT.D AL.2 PK.D AL.2 K.D AL.2 1.D AL.2 2.D
Patterning Recognize simple patterns Recognize and create Recognize and extend Recognize and create Recognize and create Recognize and create
EMERGING in the environment. simple patterns. simple patterns. simple patterns. increasingly complex increasingly complex
patterns. patterns.
E. AL.2 I.E AL.2 YT.E AL.2 OT.E AL.2 PK.E AL.2 K.E AL.2 1.E AL.2 2.E
Memory Recognize and respond Recall information from Retain and recall Retain and recall Retain and recall Employ familiar strategies Employ new and
to familiar adults and previous experiences. information from information presented information presented to recall information for a familiar strategies to
routines. previous experiences. over a short period of over a short period of purpose. recall information for a
time. time. purpose.
STANDARD AREA AL.3 Applying Knowledge

A. AL.3 PK.A AL.3 K.A AL.3 1.A AL.3 2.A
Creativity Use music, art, and/or Use music, art, and/or Use and connect Use and connect
stories to express ideas, stories to express ideas, materials/strategies in materials/strategies in
thoughts, and feelings. thoughts, and feelings. uncommon ways to create uncommon ways to create
AL.3 I.A/B AL.3 YT.A/B AL.3 OT.A/B something new or to solve something new or to solve
Respond to music, art, Express self through Construct music, art, and problems. problems.
and stories. simple actions, gestures, stories as a means of self-
B. AL.3 PK.B AL.3 K.B AL.3 1.B AL.3 2.B
and words. expression.
Invention Produce and explain Create an object to serve a Create an object to serve a Create an object to serve a
the purpose for a new functional purpose. functional purpose. functional purpose.
creation.
Represen- Use a variety of materials Use a variety of materials Experiment with Use materials and Use materials and Use materials and Use materials and
tation to create. to represent familiar materials to represent objects to represent new objects to represent new objects to represent new objects to represent new
objects. objects. concepts. concepts. concepts. concepts.
3
STANDARD AREA AL.4 Learning through Experience 4

Making Demonstrate comfort in Relay experience from Notice similarities and Relate knowledge learned Relate knowledge learned Relate knowledge learned Relate knowledge learned
Connections routines, objects, and one setting to another. differences between from one experience to from one experience to from one experience to from one experience to
materials that reflect settings. a similar experience in a a similar experience in a another. another.
home experiences. new setting. new setting.
B. AL.4 I.B AL.4 YT.B AL.4 OT.B AL4 PK.B AL.4 K.B AL.4 1.B AL.4 2.B
Resiliency Use comfort of familiar Repeat familiar activity Approach new experiences Recognize that everyone Recognize that everyone Recognize that everyone Recognize that everyone
experiences to explore to gain comfort and with confidence. makes mistakes and that makes mistakes and that makes mistakes and that makes mistakes and that
new activities and confidence. using positive coping using positive coping using positive coping using positive coping
experiences. skills can result in learning skills can result in learning skills can result in learning skills can result in learning
from the experience. from the experience. from the experience. from the experience.
Problem- Play with a variety of Solve simple problems Attempt problem-solving Attempt problem-solving Employ problem-solving Use problem-solving Use problem-solving
Solving objects to determine independently. activities to achieve a activities to achieve a strategies to achieve a strategies to achieve a strategies to achieve a
similar and different positive outcome. positive outcome. positive outcome. positive outcome. positive outcome.
outcomes.
LANGUAGE AND LITERACY DEVELOPMENT
STANDARD AREA 1.1 Foundational Skills
A. 1.1 I.A 1.1 YT.A 1.1 OT.A 1.1 PK.A 1.1 K.A
Book Explore books in a variety Demonstrate beginning Demonstrate beginning Practice appropriate Use book-handling skills.
Handling of ways. book-handling skills. book-handling skills. book-handling skills.
B. 1.1 I.B 1.1 YT.B 1.1 OT.B 1.1 PK.B 1.1 K.B. 1.1 1.B.
Print Demonstrate interest in Demonstrate interest in Recognize that print has Identify basic features of Demonstrate Demonstrate
Concepts books that have color, pictures and text. meaning. print. understanding of the understanding of the
pattern, and contrast. organization and basic organization and basic
features of print. features of print.
C. 1.1 I.C 1.1 YT.C 1.1 OT.C 1.1 PK.C 1.1 K.C 1.1 1.C
Phonological Respond to sounds in the Identify and imitate Categorize familiar Demonstrate Demonstrate Demonstrate
Awareness environment. familiar sounds in the sounds. understanding of spoken understanding of spoken understanding of spoken
environment. words, syllables, and words, syllables, and words, syllables, and
sounds (phonemes). sounds (phonemes). sounds (phonemes).
D. 1.1 OT.D 1.1 PK.D 1.1 K.D 1.1 1.D 1.1 2.D
Phonics Recognize familiar Develop beginning Know and apply grade- Know and apply grade- Know and apply grade-
and Word EMERGING EMERGING environmental print. phonics and word skills. level phonics and word level phonics and word level phonics and word
Recognition analysis skills in decoding analysis skills in decoding analysis skills in decoding
words. words. words.
E. EMERGING TO … 1.1 K.E 1.1 1.E 1.1 2.E

Fluency Read emergent-reader Read emergent-reader Read with accuracy Read with accuracy
text with purpose and text with purpose and and fluency to support and fluency to support
understanding. understanding. comprehension. comprehension.
5
STANDARD AREA 1.2 Reading Informational Text 6

A. 1.2 PK.A 1.2 K.A 1.2 1.A 1.2 2.A
Key Ideas With prompting and With prompting and Identify the main idea Identify the main idea of
and Details – support, retell key details support, identify the main and retell key details of a multi-paragraph text
Main Idea of text that support a idea and retell key details a text. as well as the focus of
provided main idea. of a text. specific paragraphs.
B. 1.2 I.B 1.2 YT.B 1.2 OT.B 1.2 PK.B 1.2 K.B 1.2 1.B 1.2 2.B
Key Ideas Attend to a picture in a Respond to simple Answer simple questions Answer questions about With prompting and Ask and answer questions Ask and answer questions
and Details – text when reading with questions about a text. about a text. a text. support, answer questions about key details in a text. such as who, what, where,
Text Analysis an adult. about key details in a text. when, why, and how to
demonstrate understand-
ing of key details in a text.
C. 1.2 YT.C 1.2 OT.C 1.2 PK.C 1.2 K.C 1.2 1.C 1.2 2.C
Key Ideas Relate familiar objects Relate text to personal With prompting With prompting and sup- Describe the connection Describe the connection
and Details EMERGING in a text to personal experiences when asked. and support, make port, make a connection between two individuals, between a series of
experience. connections between between two individuals, events, ideas, or pieces of events, concepts, or steps
information in a text and events, ideas, or pieces of information in a text. in a procedure within a
personal experience. information in a text. text.
E. 1.2 YT.E 1.2 OT.E 1.2 PK.E 1.2 K.E 1.2 1.E 1.2 2.E
Craft and Identify a favorite book by Identify a text by the front Identify the front cover, Identify parts of a book Use various text features Use various text features
Structure – EMERGING its cover. cover. back cover, and title page (title, author) and parts and search tools to locate and search tools to
Text of a book. of a text (beginning, end, key facts or information efficiently locate key facts
Structure details). in a text. or information in a text.
F. 1.2 PK.F 1.2 K.F 1.2 1.F 1.2 2.F

Craft and With prompting and With prompting and Ask and answer questions Determine the meaning
Structure – support, answer questions support, ask and answer to help determine or of words and phrases
Vocabulary about unfamiliar words questions about unknown clarify the meaning of as they are used in
read aloud from a text. words in a text. words and phrases in a grade-level text including
text. multiple-meaning words.
G. 1.2 OT.G 1.2 PK.G 1.2 K.G 1.2 1.G 1.2 2.G
Integration of Notice details in With prompting and Answer questions to Use the illustrations Explain how graphic
Knowledge EMERGING EMERGING illustration or picture. support, answer questions describe the relationship and details in a text to representations
and Ideas – to connect illustrations to between illustrations and describe its key ideas. contribute to and clarify
Diverse the written word. the text in which they a text.
Media appear.
H. 1.2 K.H 1.2 1.H 1.2 2.H
Integration of With prompting and Identify the reasons an Describe how reasons
Knowledge support, identify the author gives to support support specific points the
and Ideas – reasons an author gives to points in a text. author makes in a text.
Evaluating support points in a text.
Arguments
I. 1.2 PK.I 1.2 K.I 1.2 1.I 1.2 2.I
Integration of With prompting and With prompting and Identify basic similarities Compare and contrast the
Knowledge support, identify support, identify in and differences most important points
and Ideas – basic similarities and basic similarities and between two texts on the presented on the same
Analysis differences between two differences between two same topic. topic.
Across Texts texts read aloud on the texts (read or read aloud)
same topic. on the same topic.
J. 1.2 I.J 1.2 YT.J 1.2 OT.J 1.2 PK.J 1.2 K.J 1.2 1.J 1.2 2.J
Vocabulary Use single words to Use new vocabulary in Use expanded vocabulary Use new vocabulary and Use words and phrases Use words and phrases Acquire and use
Acquisition identify family members everyday speech. in everyday speech. phrases acquired in acquired through acquired through grade-appropriate
and Use and familiar objects. conversations and being conversations, reading, conversations, reading, conversational, general
read to. and being read to, and and being read to, academic, and domain-
respond to texts. and respond to texts, specific words and
including words that phrases.
signal connections and
relationships between the
words and phrases.
K. 1.2 PK.K 1.2 K.K 1.2 1.K 1.2 2.K
Vocabulary With prompting and With prompting and Determine or clarify the Determine or clarify the
Acquisition support, clarify unknown support, determine or meaning of unknown or meaning of unknown or
and Use words or phrases read clarify the meaning of multiple-meaning words multiple-meaning words
aloud. unknown or multiple- and phrases based upon and phrases based upon
meaning words and grade-level reading and grade-level reading and
phrases based upon content. content, choosing from
grade-level reading and a range of strategies and
content. tools.
L. 1.2 I.L 1.2 YT.L 1.2 OT.L 1.2 PK.L 1.2 K.L 1.2 1.L 1.2 2.L
Range of Engage in reading Actively engage in reading Actively engage in small With prompting and Actively engage in Read and comprehend Read and comprehend
Reading activities. activities for short periods group reading activities. support, actively engage group reading activities literary nonfiction literary nonfiction and
of time. in group reading activities with purpose and (historical fiction) and informational text on
with purpose and understanding. informational text on grade level, reading
understanding. grade level, reading independently and
independently and proficiently.
proficiently.
7
STANDARD AREA 1.3 Reading Literature 8

A. 1.3 OT.A 1.3 PK.A 1.3 K.A 1.3 1.A 1.3 2.A
Key Ideas Recall an event from a With prompting and With prompting and Retell stories, Recount stories and
and Details – EMERGING EMERGING story. support, retell a familiar support, retell familiar including key details, determine their central
Theme story in a sequence with stories including key and demonstrate message, lesson, or
picture support. details. understanding of their moral.
central message or lesson.
Key Ideas Attend to a picture in a Respond to simple Answer simple questions Answer questions about Answer questions about Ask and answer questions Ask and answer questions
and Details – story when reading with questions about a story. about a story. a particular story (who, key details in a text. about key details in a text. such as who, what,
Text Analysis an adult. what, how, when, and where, when, why, and
where). how to demonstrate
understanding of key
details in a text.
C. 1.3 OT.C 1.3 PK.C 1.3 K.C 1.3 1.C 1.3 2.C
Key Ideas Recognize pictures of With prompting and With prompting and Describe characters, Describe how characters
and Details – EMERGING EMERGING familiar characters in a support, answer questions support, identify settings, and major events in a story respond
Literary book. to identify characters, characters, settings, and in a story, using key to major events and
Elements settings, and major events major events in a story. details. challenges.
in a story.
D. 1.3 PK.D 1.3 K.D 1.3 1.D 1.3 2.D
Craft and With prompting and Name the author and Identify who is telling the Acknowledge differences
Structure – support, name the author illustrator of a story and story at various points in in the points of views of
Point of View and illustrator of a story. define the role of each in a text. characters, including by
telling the story. speaking in a different
voice for each character
when reading dialogue
aloud.
E. 1.3 PK.E 1.3 K.E 1.3 1.E 1.3 2.E
Craft and With prompting and Recognize common types Explain major differences Describe the overall
Structure – support, recognize of text. between books that tell structure of a story,
Text common types of text. stories and books that including describing how
Structure give information, drawing the beginning introduces
on a wide reading or the story and the ending
range of text types. concludes the action.
F. 1.3 PK.F 1.3 K.F 1.3 1.F 1.3 2.F
Craft and Answer questions about Ask and answer questions Identify words and Describe how words and
Structure – unfamiliar words read about unknown words in phrases in stories or phrases supply rhythm
Vocabulary aloud from a story. a text. poems that suggest and meaning in a story,
feelings or appeal to the poem, or song.
senses.
G. 1.3 OT.G 1.3 PK.G 1.3 K.G 1.3 1.G 1.3 2.G
Integration of Notice details in Describe pictures in Make connections Use illustrations and Use information from
Knowledge EMERGING EMERGING illustration or picture. books using detail. between the illustrations details in a story to illustrations and words,
and Ideas – and the text in a story describe characters, in print or digital text, to
Sources of (read or read aloud). settings, or events. demonstrate under-
Information standing of characters,
setting, or plot.
H. 1.1 PK.H 1.3 K.H 1.3 1.H 1.3 2.H
Integration of Answer questions to Compare and contrast Compare and contrast Compare and contrast two
Knowledge compare and contrast the adventures and the adventures and or more versions of the
and Ideas – the adventures and experiences of characters experiences of characters same story by different
Text Analysis experiences of characters in familiar stories. in stories. authors or from different
in familiar stories. cultures.
I. 1.3 PK.I 1.3 K.I 1.3 1.I 1.3 2.I
Vocabulary With prompting and Determine or clarify the Determine or clarify the Determine or clarify the
Acquisition support, clarify unknown meaning of unknown or meaning of unknown or meaning of unknown or
and Use – words or phrases read multiple-meaning words multiple-meaning words multiple-meaning words
Strategies aloud. and phrases based upon and phrases based upon and phrases based upon
grade-level reading and grade-level reading and grade-level reading and
content. content. content, choosing from
a range of strategies and
tools.
J. 1.3 I.J 1.3 YT.J 1.3 OT.J 1.3 PK.J 1.3 K.J 1.3 1.J 1.3 2.J
Vocabulary Use single words to Use new vocabulary in Use expanded vocabulary Use new vocabulary and Use words and phrases Use words and phrases Acquire and use
Acquisition identify family members everyday speech. in everyday speech. phrases acquired in acquired through acquired through grade-appropriate
and Use and familiar objects. conversations and being conversations, reading, conversations, reading, conversational, general
read to. and being read to, and and being read to, academic, and domain-
respond to texts. and respond to texts, specific words and
including words that phrases.
signal connections and
relationships between the
words and phrases.
K. 1.3 I.K 1.3 YT.K 1.3 OT.K 1.3 PK.K 1.3 K.K 1.3 1.K 1.3 2.K
Range of Engage in reading Actively engage in reading Actively engage in small With prompting and Actively engage in Read and comprehend Read and comprehend
Reading activities. activities for short periods group reading activities. support, actively engage group reading activities literature on grade level, literature on grade level,
of time. in group reading activities with purpose and reading independently reading independently
with purpose and understanding. and proficiently. and proficiently.
understanding.
9
STANDARD AREA 1.4 Writing 10

A. 1.4 PK.A 1.4 K.A 1.4 1.A 1.4 2.A
Informative/ Draw/dictate to compose Use a combination of Write informative/ Write informative/
Explanatory informative/explanatory drawing, dictating, and explanatory texts to explanatory texts to
texts examining a topic. writing to compose examine a topic and examine a topic and
informative/explanatory convey ideas and convey ideas and
texts. information. information clearly.
B. 1.4 PK.B 1.4 K.B 1.4 1.B 1.4 2.B
Informative/ With prompting and Use a combination of Identify and write about Identify and introduce the
Explanatory – support, draw/dictate drawing, dictating, and one specific topic. topic.
Focus about one specific topic. writing to focus on one
specific topic.
C. 1.4 PK.C 1.4 K.C 1.4 1.C 1.4 2.C

Informative/ With prompting and With prompting and Develop the topic with two Develop the topic with
Explanatory – support, generate ideas to support, generate ideas or more facts. facts and/or definitions.
Content convey information. and details to convey
information that relates to
the chosen topic.
D. 1.4 PK.D 1.4 K.D 1.4 1.D 1.4 2.D
Informative/ With prompting and Make logical connections Group information and Group information and
Explanatory – support, make logical between drawing and provide some sense of provide a concluding
Organization connections between dictation/writing. closure. statement or section.
drawing and dictation.
E. 1.4 K.E 1.4 1.E 1.4 2.E

Informative/ With prompting and Choose words and Choose words and
Explanatory – support, illustrate using phrases for effect. phrases for effect.
Style details and dictate/write
using descriptive words.
F. EMERGING TO … 1.4 K.F 1.4 1.F 1.4 2.F

Informative/ Spell simple words Demonstrate a grade- Demonstrate a grade- Demonstrate a grade-
Explanatory – phonetically. appropriate command appropriate command appropriate command
Conventions of the conventions of the conventions of the conventions
of Language of standard English of standard English of standard English
grammar, usage, grammar, usage, grammar, usage,
capitalization, capitalization, capitalization,
punctuation, and spelling. punctuation, and spelling. punctuation, and spelling.
G. 1.4 K.G 1.4 1.G 1.4 2.G
Opinion/ Use a combination of Write opinion pieces on Write opinion pieces on
Argumen- drawing, dictating, and familiar topics. familiar topics or texts.
tative writing to compose
opinion pieces on familiar
topics.
H. 1.4 K.H 1.4 1.H 1.4 2.H
Opinion/ Form an opinion by Form an opinion by Identify the topic and
Argumen- choosing between two choosing among given state an opinion.
tative – given topics. topics.
Focus
I. 1.4 K.I 1.4 1.I 1.4 2.I

Opinion/ Support the opinion with Support the opinion with Support the opinion with
Argumen- reasons. reasons related to the reasons that include
tative – opinion. details connected to the
Content opinion.
J. 1.4 K.J 1.4 1.J 1.4 2.J

Opinion/ Make logical connections Create an organizational Create an organizational
Argumen- between drawing and structure that includes structure that includes
tative – writing. reasons and provides reasons and a concluding
Orientation some sense of closure. statement.
K. 1.4 1.K 1.4 2.K

Opinion/ Use a variety of words and Use a variety of words and
Argumen- phrases. phrases to appeal to the
tative – Style audience.
L. 1.4 K.L 1.4 1.L 1.4 2.L

Opinion/ Demonstrate a grade- Demonstrate a grade- Demonstrate a grade-
Argumen- appropriate command appropriate command appropriate command
tative – of the conventions of the conventions of the conventions
Conventions of standard English of standard English of standard English
of Language grammar, usage, grammar, usage, grammar, usage,
M. 1.4 OT.M 1.4 PK.M 1.4 K.M 1.4 1.M 1.4 2.M
Narrative Tell a story about a Dictate narratives to Use a combination of Write narratives to Write narratives to
EMERGING EMERGING picture. describe real or imagined drawing, dictating, and develop real or imagined develop real or imagined
experiences or events. writing to compose experiences or events. experiences or events.
narratives that describe
real or imagined
experiences or events.
11
N. 1.4 PK.N 1.4 K.N 1.4 1.N 1.4 2.N
12
Narrative – Establish “who” and Establish who and what Establish who and what Establish a situation and
Focus “what” the narrative will the narrative will be the narrative will be introduce a narrator and/
be about. about. about. or characters.
O. 1.4 PK.O 1.4 K.O 1.4 1.O 1.4 2.O

Narrative – With prompting and Describe experiences and Include thoughts and Include thoughts and
Content support, describe events. feelings to describe feelings to describe
experiences and events. experiences and events. experiences and events
to show the responses of
characters to situations.
P. 1.4 PK.P 1.4 K.P 1.4 1.P 1.4 2.P
Narrative – Recount a single event Recount a single event Recount two or more Organize a short
Organization and tell about the events or several loosely linked appropriately sequenced sequence of events, using
in the order in which they events, tell about the events, using temporal temporal words to signal
occurred. events in the order in words to signal event event order and provide
which they occurred, and order and provide some some sense of closure.
provide a reaction to what sense of closure.
happened.
Q. 1.4 1.Q 1.4 2.Q
Narrative – Use a variety of words and Choose words and
Style phrases. phrases for effect.
R. 1.4 I.R 1.4 YT.R 1.4 OT.R EMERGING TO … 1.4 K.R 1.4 1.R 1.4 2.R
Narrative – Make marks with writing Scribble with writing and Intentionally make marks Spell simple words Demonstrate a grade- Demonstrate a grade- Demonstrate a grade-
Conventions and drawing tools. drawing tools. with writing and drawing phonetically. appropriate command appropriate command appropriate command
of Language tools. of the conventions of the conventions of the conventions
of standard English of standard English of standard English
grammar, usage, grammar, usage, grammar, usage,
T. 1.4 PK.T 1.4 K.T 1.4 1.T 1.4 2.T
Production With guidance and With guidance and With guidance and With guidance and
and support from adults support from adults support from adults and support from adults and
Distribution and peers, respond and peers, respond to peers, focus on a topic, peers, focus on a topic,
of Writing – to questions and questions and suggestions respond to questions and strengthen writing as
Writing suggestions, and add from peers, and add and suggestions from needed by revising and
Process details as needed. details to strengthen peers, and add details editing.
writing as needed. to strengthen writing as
needed.
U. 1.4 K.U 1.4 1.U 1.4 2.U
Technology With guidance and With guidance and With guidance and
and support, explore a variety support, use a variety of support, use a variety of
Publication of digital tools to produce digital tools to produce digital tools to produce
and publish writing in and publish writing, and publish writing,
collaboration with peers. including collaboration including collaboration
with peers. with peers.
V. 1.4 OT.V 1.4 PK.V 1.4 K.V 1.4 1.V 1.4 2.V
Conducting Ask questions about Ask questions about Participate in individual Participate in individual Participate in individual
Research EMERGING EMERGING topics of personal interest topics of personal interest or shared research or shared research and or shared research and
to gain information. to gain information; projects on a topic of writing projects. writing projects.
with teacher guidance interest.
and support, locate
information on the
chosen topic.
W. 1.4 PK.W 1.4 K.W 1.4 1.W 1.4 2.W
Credibility, With guidance and With guidance and With guidance and Recall information
Reliability, support, recall support, recall support, recall from experiences or
and Validity information from information from information from gather information from
of Sources experiences or books. experiences or gather experiences or gather provided sources to
information from information from answer a question.
provided sources to provided sources to
answer a question. answer a question.
X. EMERGING TO … 1.4 K.X 1.4 1.X 1.4 2.X
Range of Write routinely over short Write routinely over short Write routinely over Write routinely over
Writing time frames. time frames. extended time frames extended time frames
(time for research, (time for research,
reflection, and revision) reflection, and revision)
and shorter time frames and shorter time frames
(a single sitting or a day (a single sitting or a day
or two) for a range of or two) for a range of
discipline-specific tasks, discipline-specific tasks,
purposes, and audiences. purposes, and audiences.
STANDARD AREA 1.5 Speaking and Listening

A. 1.5 I.A 1.5 YT.A 1.5 OT.A 1.5 PK.A 1.5 K.A 1.5 1.A 1.5 2.A
Comprehen- Use sounds and gestures Use sounds, gestures, Engage in reciprocal Participate in collaborative Participate in collaborative Participate in collaborative Participate in collaborative
sion and Col- as a form of reciprocal and words as a conversations and conversations with peers conversations with peers conversations with peers conversations with peers
laboration – communication. form of reciprocal interactions with peers and adults in small and and adults in small and and adults in small and and adults in small and
Collaborative communication. and adults. larger groups. larger groups. larger groups. larger groups.
Discussion
13
B. 1.5 PK.B 1.5 K.B 1.5 1.B 1.5 2.B
14
Comprehen- Answer questions about Ask and answer questions Confirm understanding Recount or describe key
sion and Col- key details in a text read about key details in a text of a text read aloud or ideas or details from
laboration – aloud or information read aloud or information information presented a text read aloud or
Critical presented orally or presented orally or orally or through other information presented
Listening through other media. through other media. media by asking and orally or through other
answering questions media.
about key details and
requesting clarification
if something is not
understood.
C. 1.5 I.C 1.5 YT.C 1.5 OT.C 1.5 PK.C 1.5 K.C 1.5 1.C 1.5 2.C
Comprehen- Respond in ways that Respond to questions, Respond to questions, Respond to what a Ask and answer questions Ask and answer questions Ask and answer questions
sion and Col- indicate understanding comments, or directions. comments, or directions. speaker says to follow to seek help, get about what a speaker about what a speaker says
laboration – of what is being directions, seek help, or information, or clarify says to gather additional to clarify comprehension,
Evaluating communicated. gather information. something that is not information or clarify gather additional
Information understood. something that is not information, or deepen
understood. understanding of a topic
or issue.
D. 1.5 PK.D 1.5 K.D 1.5 1.D 1.5 2.D
Presentation Use simple sentences; Share stories, familiar Describe people, places, Tell a story or recount
of Knowledge share stories, familiar experiences, and things, and events an experience with
and Ideas – experiences, and interests, speaking clearly with relevant details, appropriate facts and
Purpose, interests, speaking clearly enough to be understood expressing ideas and relevant, descriptive
1.5 I.D/E 1.5 YT.D/E 1.5 OT.D/E
Audience, enough to be understood by all audiences using feelings clearly. details, speaking audibly
Babble and begin to use Use 1-2 words and/or Use simple sentences;
and Task by most audiences. appropriate volume. in coherent sentences.
single words and/or signs. signs to communicate. communicating clearly
E. enough to be understood 1.5 PK.E 1.5 K.E 1.5 1.E 1.5 2.E
Presentation by familiar adults. Use simple sentences; Speak audibly and express Produce complete Produce complete
of Knowledge express thoughts, thoughts, feelings, and sentences when sentences when
and Ideas – feelings, and ideas, ideas clearly. appropriate to task and appropriate to task and
Context speaking clearly enough situation. situation to provide
to be understood by most requested detail or
audiences. clarification.
F. 1.5 1.F 1.5 2.F
Presentation Add drawings or other Add drawings or other
of Knowledge visual displays when visual displays to
and Ideas – sharing aloud to clarify presentations when
Multimedia ideas, thoughts, and appropriate to clarify ideas,
feelings. thoughts, and feelings.
G. 1.5 OT.G 1.5 PK.G 1.5 K.G 1.5 1.G 1.5 2.G
Conventions Demonstrate command Demonstrate command Demonstrate command Demonstrate command Demonstrate command
of Standard EMERGING EMERGING of the conventions of of the conventions of of the conventions of of the conventions of of the conventions of
English standard English when standard English when standard English when standard English when standard English when
speaking, based on Older speaking, based on Pre- speaking, based on speaking, based on Grade speaking, based on Grade
Toddler development. Kindergarten level and Kindergarten level and 1 level and content. 2 level and content.
content. content.
MATHEMATICAL THINKING AND EXPRESSION
STANDARD AREA 2.1 Numbers and Operations
A.1 2.1 I.A.1 2.1 YT.A.1 2.1 OT.A.1 2.1 PK.A.1 2.1 K.A.1
Counting and Explore objects. Imitate rote counting Know some number Know number names and Know number names and
Cardinality – using some names of names and the count the count sequence. write and recite the count
Cardinality numbers. sequence. sequence.
A.2 2.1 OT.A.2 2.1 PK.A.2 2.1 K.A.2

Counting and Count to tell the number Count to tell the number Apply one-to-one
Cardinality – EMERGING EMERGING of objects. of objects. correspondence to count
Counting the number of objects.
A.3 2.1 I.A.3 2.1. YT.A.3 2.1. OT.A.3 2.1 PK.A.3 2.1 K.A.3
Counting and Explore relationships Explore simple Use comparative language Compare numbers. Apply the concept of
Cardinality – between objects. comparisons of quantity. to show understanding of magnitude to compare
Comparing more or less. numbers and quantities.
MP 2.1 I.MP 2.1 YT.MP 2.1 OT.MP 2.1 PK.MP Habits of Mind of a Productive Mathematical Thinker
Counting and Engage in numerical play. Engage and persist in Use mathematical Use mathematical • Make sense of problems and persevere in solving them.
Cardinality – numerical play. processes when processes when • Attend to precision.
Mathematical quantifying, comparing, quantifying, comparing, Reasoning and Explaining
Processes and representing representing, and • Reason abstractly and quantitatively.
numbers. modeling numbers. • Construct viable arguments and critique the reasoning of others.
Modeling and Using Tools
• Model with mathematics.
• Use appropriate tools strategically.
Seeing Structure and Generalizing
• Look for and make use of structure.
• Look for and express regularity in repeated reasoning.
B.1 2.1 K.B.1 2.1 1.B.1 2.1 2.B.1
Numbers and Use place-value to Extend the counting Use place-value concepts
Operations compose and decompose sequence to read and to represent amounts
in Base Ten numbers within 19. write numerals to of tens and ones and
represent objects. to compare three-digit
numbers.
15
B.2 2.1 1.B.2 2.1 2.B.2
16
Numbers and Use place-value concepts Use place-value concepts
Operations to represent amounts to read, write, and skip-
in Base Ten of tens and ones and count to 1,000.
to compare two-digit
numbers.
B.3 2.1 1.B.3 2.1 2.B.3
Numbers and Use place-value concepts Use place-value
Operations and properties of understanding and
in Base Ten operations to add and properties of operations
subtract within 100. to add and subtract within
1,000.
STANDARD AREA 2.2 Algebraic Concepts

A.1 2.2 YT.A.1 2.2 OT.A.1 2.2 PK.A.1 2.2 K.A.1 2.2 1.A.1 2.2 2.A.1
Operations Sort manipulatives into Add to and take apart sets. Understand addition Extend the concepts of Represent and solve Represent and solve
and EMERGING sets. as putting together and putting together and problems involving problems involving
Algebraic adding to, and understand taking apart to add and addition and subtraction addition and subtraction
Thinking subtraction as taking subtract within 10. within 20. within 100.
apart and taking from.
A.2 2.2 1.A.2 2.2 2.A.2
Operations Understand and apply Use mental strategies to
and properties of operations add and subtract within
Algebraic and the relationship 20.
Thinking between addition and
subtraction.
A.3 2.2 2.A.3
Operations Work with equal
and groups of objects to
Algebraic gain foundations for
Thinking multiplication.
MP 2.2 PK.MP Habits of Mind of a Productive Mathematical Thinker
Operations Use mathematical • Make sense of problems and persevere in solving them.
and Algebraic processes when • Attend to precision.
Thinking – representing Reasoning and Explaining
Mathematical relationships. • Reason abstractly and quantitatively.
Processes • Construct viable arguments and critique the reasoning of others.
STANDARD AREA 2.3 Geometry

A.1 2.3 I.A.1 2.3 YT.A.1 2.3 OT.A.1 2.3 PK.A.1 2.3 K.A.1 2.3 1.A.1 2.3 2.A.1
Geometry – Explore objects of Match identical shapes. Recognize and identify Identify and describe Identify and describe two- Compose and distinguish Analyze and draw two-
Identification different sizes and shapes. basic shapes in the shapes. and three- dimensional between two- and three- and three-dimensional
environment. shapes. dimensional shapes based shapes having specified
on their attributes. attributes.
A.2 2.3 OT.A.2 2.3 PK.A.2 2.3 K.A.2 2.3 1.A.2 2.3 2.A.2
Geometry – Create and compose Analyze, compare, create, Analyze, compare, create, Use the understanding Use the understanding
Application EMERGING EMERGING simple shapes. and compose shapes. and compose two- and of fractions to partition of fractions to partition
three- dimensional shapes into halves and shapes into halves,
shapes. quarters. quarters, and thirds.
MP 2.3 I.MP 2.3 YT.MP 2.3 OT.MP 2.3 PK.MP Habits of Mind of a Productive Mathematical Thinker
Geometry – Engage in geometric play. Engage and persist in Use mathematical Use mathematical • Make sense of problems and persevere in solving them.
Mathematical geometric play. processes when creating processes when drawing, • Attend to precision.
Processes and composing shapes. constructing, modeling, Reasoning and Explaining
and representing shapes. • Reason abstractly and quantitatively.
• Construct viable arguments and critique the reasoning of others.
17
STANDARD AREA 2.4 Measurement, Data, and Probability 18

A.1 2.4 YT.A.1 2.4 OT.A.1 2.4 PK.A.1 2.4 K.A.1 2.4 1.A.1 2.4 2.A.1
Measurement Engage in measurement Use basic measurement Describe and compare Describe and compare Order lengths and Measure and estimate
and Data – EMERGING experiences. vocabulary. measurable attributes attributes of length, area, measure them both lengths in standard units
Measurement of length and weights of weight, and capacity of indirectly and by using appropriate tools.
everyday objects. everyday objects. repeating length units.
A.2 2.4 1.A.2 2.4 2.A.2

Measurement Tell and write time in Tell and write time to the
and Data hours and half hours nearest five minutes using
using both analog and both analog and digital
digital clocks. clocks.
A.3 2.4 2.A.3

Measurement Solve problems and make
and Data change using coins and
paper currency with
appropriate symbols.
A.4 2.4 YT.A.4 2.4 OT.A.4 2.4 PK.A.4 2.4 K.A.4 2.4 1.A.4 2.4 2.A.4
Measurement Participate in sorting Classify objects and count Classify objects and count Classify objects and count Represent and interpret Represent and interpret
and Data – EMERGING objects. the number of objects in the number of objects in the number of objects in data using tables/charts. data using line plots,
Data each category. each category. each category. picture graphs, and bar
graphs.
A.6 2.4 2.A.6

Measurement Extend the concepts of
and Data addition and subtraction
to problems involving
length.
MP 2.1 YT.MP 2.1 OT.MP 2.4 PK.MP Habits of Mind of a Productive Mathematical Thinker
Measurement Engage and persist when Use mathematical Use mathematical • Make sense of problems and persevere in solving them.
and Data – EMERGING measuring and sorting processes when processes when • Attend to precision.
Mathematical objects. measuring and organizing measuring; representing, Reasoning and Explaining
Processes data. organizing, and • Reason abstractly and quantitatively.
understanding data. • Construct viable arguments and critique the reasoning of others.
19
20
SCIENTIFIC THINKING AND TECHNOLOGY
STANDARD AREA 3.1 Biological Sciences
A. Living and Nonliving Organisms
1. 3.1 I.A.1 3.1 YT.A.1 3.1 OT.A.1 3.1 PK.A.1 3.1 K.A.1 3.1 1.A.1
Common Show interest in the Explore the characteristics Identify basic Recognize the difference Identify the similarities Categorize living and
Character- natural world. of living things. characteristics of some between living and and differences of living nonliving things by
istics of Life living and nonliving nonliving things. and nonliving things. external characteristics.
things.
2. 3.1 YT.A.2 3.1 OT.A.2 3.1 PK.A.2 EMERGING TO … 3.1 1.A.2

Energy Flow Explore the basic needs of Recognize that plants and Identify basic needs of Investigate the Investigate the depen-
EMERGING plants and animals. animals have basic needs. plants (water and light) dependence of living dence of living things on
and animals (food, water, things on the sun’s energy, the sun’s energy, water,
and light). water, food/nutrients, air, food/nutrients, air, living
living space, and shelter. space, and shelter.
3. 3.1 OT.A.3 3.1 PK.A.3 3.1 K.A.3 3.1 2.A.3
Life Cycles Notice plants and animals Recognize that plants and Observe, compare, and Identify similarities
EMERGING EMERGING growing and changing. animals grow and change. describe stages of life and differences in the
cycles for plants and/or life sycles of plants and
animals. animals.
5. 3.1 I.A.5 3.1 YT.A.5 3.1 OT.A.5 3.1 PK.A.5 3.1 K.A.5 3.1 1.A.5 3.1 2.A.5
Form and Explore parts of Recognize parts of Identify basic parts of Name basic parts of living Observe and describe Identify and describe Explain how different
Function living things in their living things in their living things. things. structures and behaviors plant parts and their parts of a plant work
environment. environment. of a variety of common functions. together to make the
animals. organism function.
Science as Participate in simple Participate in simple Participate in simple Participate in simple Participate in simple Participate in Participate in
Inquiry investigations of living and investigations to observe investigations of living and investigations about living investigations about living investigations about living investigations about living
nonliving things. living and nonliving nonliving things to answer and/or nonliving things to and/or nonliving things to and/or nonliving things to and/or nonliving things to
things. a question. answer a question or to answer a question or to answer a question or to answer a question or to
test a prediction. test a prediction. test a prediction. test a prediction.
B. Genetics
1. 3.1 I.B.1 3.1 YT.B.1 3.1 OT.B.1 3.1 PK.B.1 3.1 K.B.1 3.1 1.B.1
Heredity Recognize self and family Recognize familiar Notice similarities and Recognize and compare Observe and describe how Grow plants from seed
members. animals and their babies. differences between living physical characteristics of young animals resemble and describe how they
things from the same living things from same their parents and other grow and change.
species. species. animals of the same kind. Compare to adult plants.
6. 3.1 I.B.6 3.1 YT.B.6 3.1 OT.B.6 3.1 PK.B.6 3.1 K.B.6 3.1 1.B.6 3.1 2.B.6
Science as Participate in simple Participate in simple Participate in simple Participate in simple Participate in simple Participate in simple Participate in simple
Inquiry investigations of physical investigations to observe investigations of physical investigations of physical investigations of physical investigations of physical investigations of physical
characteristics of living physical characteristics of characteristics of living characteristics of living characteristics of living characteristics of living characteristics of living
things. living things. things from the same things from the same things from the same things from the same things from the same
species to answer a species to answer a ques- species to answer a ques- species to answer a ques- species to answer a ques-
question. tion or to test a prediction. tion or to test a prediction. tion or to test a prediction. tion or to test a prediction.

C. Evolution
2. 3.1 K.C.2 3.1 2.C.2
Adaptation Describe changes animals Explain that living things
and plants undergo can only survive if their
throughout the seasons. needs are being met.
3. 3.1 OT.C.3 3.1 PK.C.3 3.1 K.C.3 3.1 1.C.3 3.1 2.C.3
Unifying Notice changes that occur Describe changes that Describe changes that Describe changes that Describe some plants and
Themes EMERGING EMERGING in animals. occur in animals. occur as a result of occur as a result of animals that once lived
(Constancy climate. habitat. on Earth (e.g., dinosaurs)
and Change) but cannot be found
anymore.
Compare them to living
things now that resemble
them in some way. (e.g.,
lizards, birds)
4. 3.1 OT.C.4 3.1 PK.C.4 3.1 K.C.4 3.1 1.C.4 3.1 2.C.4
Science as Participate in simple Participate in simple Participate in simple Participate in simple Participate in simple
Inquiry EMERGING EMERGING investigations of changes investigations of changes investigations of changes investigations of changes investigations of changes
that occur in animals. in animals to answer in animals to answer in animals to answer in animals to answer
a question or to test a a question or to test a a question or to test a a question or to test a
prediction. prediction. prediction. prediction.
21
22
STANDARD AREA 3.2 Physical Sciences
A. Chemistry
1. 3.2 I.A.1 3.2 YT.A.1 3.2 OT.A.1 3.2 PK.A.1 3.2 K.A.1 3.2 1.A.1
Properties of Explore objects with Engage with objects Describe objects by their Sort and describe objects Identify and classify Observe and describe the
Matter varying characteristics. to learn about their characteristics. according to size, shape, objects by observable properties of liquids and
characteristics. color, and texture. properties of matter. solids.
Compare different kinds Investigate what happens
of materials and discuss when solids are mixed
their uses. with water and other
liquids are mixed with
water.
Matter and Observe activities Engage in activities Notice changes in matter. Notice changes in matter. Describe the ways matter Identify how healting, Demonstrate how heating
Energy – involving changes in involving changes in can change. melting, cooling, etc., and cooling may cause
Evaluating matter. matter. may cause changes in the changes in the properties
Arguments properties of materials. of materials.
4. 3.2 1.A.4 3.2 2.A.4

Reactions Observe and describe Experiment and explain
what happens when what happens when two
substances are heated or more substances are
or cooled. Distinguish combined. (e.g., mixing,
between changes that dissolving, separated,
are reversible (e.g., filtering, evaporation)
melting, freezing) and not
reversible (e.g., baking a
cake, burning fuel).
5. 3.2 PK.A.5 3.2 K.A.5 3.2 1.A.5 3.2 2.A.5
Unifying Recognize that everything Recognize that everything Recognize that everything Recognize that everything
Themes is made of matter. is made of matter. is made of matter. is made of matter.
Inquiry investigations of matter. investigations to observe investigations of matter to investigations of matter to investigations of matter to investigations of matter to investigations of matter to
changes in matter. answer a question. answer a question or to answer a question or to answer a question or to answer a question or to
test a prediction. test a prediction. test a prediction. test a prediction.
STANDARD AREA 3.2 Physical Sciences
B. Physics
1. 3.2 I.B.1 3.2 YT.B.1 3.2 OT.B.1 3.2 PK.B.1 3.2 1.B.1
Force and Explore the motion of Recognize and explore Communicate about the Explore and describe Demonstrate various
Motion of objects. how objects move. motion of objects. the motion of toys and Intentionally blank types of motion.
Particles and objects. Observe and describe how
Rigid Bodies pushes and pulls change
the motion of an object.
2. 3.2 2.B.2
Energy Explore and describe how
Storage and different forms of energy
Transforma- cause changes. (e.g.,
tions (Conser- sunlight, heat, wind)
vation Laws)
3. 3.2 K.B.3 3.2 1.B.3
Heat/Heat Describe how Observe and record daily
Transfer temperature can affect temperatures.
the body. Draw conclusions from
daily temperature records
as related to heating and
cooling.
5. 3.2 I.B.5 3.2 YT.B.5 3.2 OT.B.5 3.2 PK.B.5 3.2 1.B.5
Nature Respond to sounds in the Identify and imitate Categorize familiar Create and describe Compare and contrast
of Waves environment. familiar sounds in the sounds. variations of sound. Intentionally blank how light travels through
(Sound and environment. different materials.
Light Energy) Explore how mirrors and
prisms can be used to
redirect a light beam.
6. 3.2 PK.B.6 3.2 K.B.6 3.2 1.B.6 3.2 2.B.6
Unifying Recognize that light from Recognize that light from Recognize that light from Recognize that light from
Themes the sun is an important the sun is an important the sun is an important the sun is an important
(Energy) source of energy for living source of energy for living source of energy for living source of energy for living
and nonliving systems and nonliving systems and nonliving systems and nonliving systems
and some source of and some source of and some source of and some source of
energy is needed for all energy is needed for all energy is needed for all energy is needed for all
organisms to stay alive organisms to stay alive organisms to stay alive organisms to stay alive
and grow. and grow. and grow. and grow.
23
7. 3.2 I.B.7 3.2 YT.B.7 3.2 OT.B.7 3.2 PK.B.7 3.2 K.B.7 3.2 1.B.7 3.2 2.B.7
24
Inquiry investigations of motion investigations to observe investigations of motion investigations of energy investigations of energy investigations of energy investigations of energy
and sound. motion and sound. and sound to answer a and motion to answer and motion to answer and motion to answer and motion to answer
question. a question or to test a a question or to test a a question or to test a a question or to test a
STANDARD AREA 3.3 Earth and Space Sciences

A. Earth Structures, Processes, and Cycles
1. 3.3 I.A.1 3.3 YT.A.1 3.3 OT.A.1 3.3 PK.A.1 3.3 K.A.1 3.3 1.A.1
Earth Explore earth materials. Engage with earth Describe earth materials. Sort different types of Distinguish between three Observe, describe, and
Features and materials. earth materials. types of earth materials – sort earth materials.
the Processes rock, soil, and sand. Compare the composition
that Change of different soils.
Them
Water Explore water. Engage with water. Discuss basic uses of Identify a variety of uses Identify sources of water Identify and describe Explore and describe that
water. for water. for human consumption types of fresh and water exists in solid (ice)
and use. salt-water bodies. (e.g., and liquid (water) form.
oceans, rivers, lakes, Explain and illustrate
ponds) evaporation and
condensation.
5. 3.3 I.A.5 3.3 YT.A.5 3.3 OT.A.5 3.3. PK.A.5 3.3 K.A.5 3.3 1.A.5
Weather and Observe weather Observe and begin to Describe changes in Identify seasons that Record daily weather Become familiar with
Climate conditions. label weather conditions. weather conditions, and correspond with conditions using simple weather instruments.
discuss how weather observable conditions charts and graphs. Collect, describe, and
affects daily life. and identify how weather Identify seasonal changes record basic information
affects daily life. in the environment. about weather over time.
Distinguish between types
of precipitation.
Inquiry investigations of earth investigations of earth investigations of earth investigations of earth investigations of earth investigations of earth investigations of earth
materials, processes, and materials, processes, and materials, processes, structures, processes, structures, processes, structures, processes, structures, processes,
cycles. cycles. and cycles to answer a and cycles to answer and cycles to answer and cycles to answer and cycles to answer
question. a question or to test a a question or to test a a question or to test a a question or to test a
STANDARD AREA 3.3 Earth and Space Sciences
B. Origin and Evolution of the Universe
1. 3.3 PK.B.1 3.3 1.B.1 3.3 2.B.1
Composition Identify objects that can Explain why shadows Observe and record:
and be found in the day or fall in different places at • location of the sun and
Structure night sky. different times of the day. the moon in the sky
over a day;
Intentionally blank • changes in the
appearance of the
moon over a month.
Observe, describe, and
predict seasonal patterns
of sunrise and sunset.
3. 3.3 PK.B.3 3.3 K.B.3 3.3 1.B.3 3.3 2.B.3
Science as Participate in simple Participate in simple Participate in simple Participate in simple
Inquiry investigations of the investigations of the investigations of the investigations of the
objects found in the day objects found in the day objects found in the day objects found in the day
or night sky to answer or night sky to answer or night sky to answer or night sky to answer
a question or to test a a question or to test a a question or to test a a question or to test a
Environment and Ecology

STANDARD AREA 4.1 – Ecology
The Show interest the Explore the characteristics Identify basic Identify living and Identify the similarities Identify and describe Describe how a plant or
Environment environment. of living and nonliving characteristics of some nonliving things and differences of living the basic needs of living an animal is dependent
things. living and nonliving in the immediate and nonliving things in things in a terrestrial on living and nonliving
things. and surrounding the immediate and habitat. things in an aquatic
environment. surrounding environment. habitat.
C. 4.1 PK.C 4.1 1.C 4.1 2.C
Energy Flow Identify that plants need Describe a simple food Identify sources of energy
the sun to grow. Intentionally blank chain within a terrestrial in an aquatic habitat.
habitat.
25
D. 4.1 YT.D 4.1 OT.D 4.1 PK.D 4.1 K.D 4.1 1.D 4.1 2.D
26
Biodiversity Explore the basic needs of Recognize that plants and Identify basic needs of Observe and describe Identify living things Identify differences in
EMERGING plants and animals. animals have basic needs. living things. what happens to living that are threatened, living things (e.g., color,
things when needs are endangered, or extinct. shape, size, etc.) and
met. describe how adaptations
are important for survival.
E. 4.1 I.E 4.1 YT.E 4.1 OT.E 4.1 PK.E 4.1 K.E 4.1 1.E 4.1 2.E
Succession Observe weather Observe and begin to Describe changes in Identify the change Identify how the changes Describe the seasons and Identify how living things
conditions. label weather conditions. weather conditions, and of seasons in the of seasons affect their describe how the change survive changes in their
discuss how weather environment. local environment. of the seasons affects environment.
affects daily life. living things.

STANDARD AREA 4.2 – Watersheds and Wetlands
A. 4.2 OT.A 4.2 PK.A 4.2 K.A 4.2 1.A
Watersheds Participate in discussions Identify various types Identify components of a Explain the path water
EMERGING EMERGING about water in the of moving water in water cycle. takes as it moves through
environment. Pennsylvania. the water cycle.
B. 4.2 PK.B 4.1 PK.B

Wetlands Identify a wetland Differentiate between
as an ecosystem in terrestrial, aquatic, and
Pennsylvania. wetland ecosystems in
Pennsylvania.
C. 4.2 OT.C 4.2 PK.C 4.2 K.C 4.2 2.C

Aquatic Discuss different places Describe an aquatic Identify that there are Identify and describe the
Ecosystem EMERGING EMERGING animals can live. (water) and terrestrial living and nonliving basic needs of plants and
(land) habitat. components in an aquatic animals in an aquatic
habitat. ecosystem.
STANDARD AREA 4.3 – Natural Resources
A. 4.3 PK.A 4.3 K.A 4.3 1.A 4.3 2.A
Use of Identify how the Identify some renewable Identify some renewable Describe the jobs/hobbies
Natural environment provides for resources used in the resources used in the people in the community
Resources the needs of people in classroom. community. have that relate to natural
their daily lives. resources.
B. 4.3 PK.B 4.3 K.B 4.3 1.B 4.3 2.B

Availability Identify natural resources Recognize the importance Recognize the difference Identify products and
of Natural available to people in of conserving natural between renewable and by-products derived from
Resources their daily lives. resources. nonrenewable resources. renewable resources.

STANDARD AREA 4.4 – Agriculture and Society
A. 4.4 YT.A 4.4 OT.A 4.4 PK.A 4.4 K.A 4.4 1.A 4.4 2.A
Food and Explore the basic needs of Recognize that plants and Identify what plants and Identify common plants Describe the role of soil in Identify agriculture as
Fiber EMERGING plants and animals. animals have basic needs. animals need to grow. and animals found in agricultural systems. a living system and that
Systems Pennsylvania agricultural food and fiber originate
systems. from plants and animals.
C. 4.4 OT.C 4.4 PK.C 4.4 K.C 4.4 1.C 4.4 2.C
Applying Notice plants and animals Recognize that plants and Observe and describe Describe the life cycles Examine life cycles of
Sciences to EMERGING EMERGING growing and changing. animals grow and change. stages of life cycles for of different plants and plants and animals in an
Agriculture plants and animals. animals in a terrestrial aquatic habitat.
habitat.
D. 4.4 I.D 4.4 YT.D 4.4 OT.D 4.4 PK.D 4.4 K.D 4.4 1.D
Technology Observe basic gardening Imitate the use of basic Label basic garden tools. Identify basic tools used Identify tools and Identify tools used in
Influences on tools being used. gardening tools. in gardening at home and machinery commonly agriculture by Native
Agriculture at school. used in agriculture. Americans and early
settlers.
27
Environment and Ecology 28
2
STANDARD AREA 4.5 – Humans and the Environment
A. 4.5 OT.A 4.5 PK.A 4.5 K.A 4.5 1.A 4.5 2.A
Sustainability Communicate about the Identify what people need Identify what people use Identify resources Identify the natural
EMERGING EMERGING basic needs of people. to survive. in their everyday lives. humans use from the resources used to make
environment. various products.
B. 4.5 OT.B 4.5 PK.B 4.5 K.B 4.5 1.B

Integrated Communicate about Identify things in the Identify common pests in Describe why people
Pest EMERGING EMERGING insects and animals that natural environment that our homes, gardens, and consider some insects,
Management can be harmful. can be harmful to people, neighborhoods. plants, and other living
pets, and other living things to be pests, and
things. ways to control their
population numbers.
C. 4.5 PK.C 4.5 K.C 4.5 1.C 4.5 2.C
Pollution Identify ways people Identify different types of Describe how pollution Identify how people can
pollute the environment. pollution (land, water, or affects the health of a reduce pollution.
air) and their sources. habitat.
D. 4.5 YT.D 4.5 OT.D 4.5 PK.D 4.5 K.D 4.5 1.D 4.5 2.D
Waste Use appropriate trash Communicate about and Describe how everyday Identify waste and Identify where waste Describe how people can
Management EMERGING receptacles. use appropriate trash human activities generate practice ways to reduce, from the home, school, help the environment
receptacles. waste. reuse, and recycle. and community goes for by reducing, reusing,
disposal. recycling, and
composting.
STANDARD AREA 15.4 Computer and Information Technology

Influence of Imitate use of various Imitate use of various Communicate about Identify various Identify various Identify various Identify various
Emerging technologies in play. technologies in play. technology in their technologies used in the technologies used in the technologies used in the technologies used in the
Technologies environment. classroom and at home. classroom and at home. classroom and at home. classroom and at home.
B. 15.4 PK.B 15.4 K.B 15.4 1.B 15.4 2.B
Digital Demonstrate responsible Demonstrate responsible Demonstrate responsible Demonstrate responsible
Citizenship use of technology and use of technology and use of technology and use of technology and
equipment. equipment. equipment. equipment.
C. 15.4 PK.C 15.4 K.C 15.4 1.C 15.4 2.C

Hardware With prompting and With prompting and With prompting and With prompting and
support, identify periph- support, identify periph- support, identify periph- support, identify periph-
eral devices of a computer eral devices of a computer eral devices of a computer eral devices of a computer
system including input system including input system including input system including input
and output devices. and output devices. and output devices. and output devices.
D. 15.4 PK.D 15.4 K.D 15.4 1.D 15.4 2.D
Input Demonstrate the correct Demonstrate the correct Demonstrate the correct Demonstrate the correct
Technologies use of simple input use of simple input use of simple input use of simple input
technologies. (e.g., technologies. (e.g., technologies. (e.g., technologies. (e.g.,
mouse, touch screen, mouse, touch screen, mouse, touch screen, mouse, touch screen,
microphone, etc.). microphone, etc.) microphone, etc.) microphone, etc.)
G. 15.4 PK.G 15.4 K.G 15.4 1.G 15.4 2.G
Software/ With help and support, With help and support, With help and support, With help and support,
Applications select and use various select and use various select and use various select and use various
software/applications for software/applications for software/applications for software/applications for
an intended purpose. an intended purpose. an intended purpose. an intended purpose.
K. 15.4 PK.K 15.4 K.K 15.4 1.K 15.4 2.K

Digital Media With help and support, With help and support, With help and support, With help and support,
identify similarities and identify similarities and identify similarities and identify similarities and
differences between differences between differences between differences between
text, graphics, audio, text, graphics, audio, text, graphics, audio, text, graphics, audio,
animation, and video. animation, and video. animation, and video. animation, and video.
L. 15.4 PK.L 15.4 K.L 15.4 1.L 15.4 2.L
Technology With help and support, With help and support, With help and support, With help and support,
Research use web browser to locate use web browser to locate use web browser to locate use web browser to locate
content-specific websites. content-specific websites. content-specific websites. content-specific websites.
M. 15.4 I.M 15.4 YT.M 15.4 OT.M 15.4 PK.M 15.4 K.M 15.4 1.M 15.4 2.M
Emerging Explore pictures and Engage with objects that Communicate about With help and support, With help and support, With help and support, With help and support,
Technologies objects that represent represent workplace workplace technologies identify various identify various identify various identify various
in Careers workplace technologies. technologies. and their uses. technologies used in the technologies used in the technologies used in the technologies used in the
workplace. workplace. workplace. workplace.
29
30
SOCIAL STUDIES THINKING
Civics and Government
STANDARD AREA 5.1 – Principles and Documents of Government
Rule of Law Respond to adult Demonstrate basic Follow basic rules. State rules and their Explain the purpose of Explain the purposes of Explain the purposes
guidance about behavior. understanding of rules. consequences. rules. rules in the classroom of rules and their
and school community. consequences in the
classroom and school
community.
B. 5.1 K.B 5.1 1.B 5.1 2.B
Laws and Explain the need for Explain the importance of Explain the importance
Government rules. rules in the classroom. of rules in the classroom
and school community.
C. 5.1 K.C 5.1 1.C 5.1 2.C

Principles Define respect for self and Define equality and the Define fairness in working
and Ideas others. need to treat everyone with others.
that Shape equally.
Government
D. 5.1 1.D 5.1 2.D

Documents Explain the importance of Explain why school rules
and Ideals written rules and laws. are written and posted.
that Shape
Pennsylvania
and U.S.
Government
E. 5.1 K.E 5.1 1.E 5.1 2.E
Individual Demonstrate Describe students’ Describe citizens’
Rights responsibilities in the responsibilities in responsibilities to the
classroom. the school and the state of Pennsylvania and
community. to the nation.
F. 5.1 PK.F 5.1 K.F 5.1 1.F 5.1 2.F

Symbols Identify basic American Identify significant Identify national symbols. Identify state symbols.
symbols. (e.g., American American holidays and
flag) their symbols.
STANDARD AREA 5.2 – Rights and Responsibilities of Citizenship
A. 5.2 YT.A 5.2 OT.A 5.2 PK.A 5.2 K.A 5.2 1.A 5.2 2.A
Civic Rights Demonstrate sense of Communicate a sense of Identify self-membership Identify responsibilities at Identify and explain Identify and explain
and Respon- EMERGING belonging to a group such belonging to a group such of a group such as the school. the importance of the importance of
sibilities as a class or family. as a class or family. class or family. responsibilities at school responsibilities at school,
and at home. at home, and in the
community.
Conflict and Express emotion relating Express emotion relating Communicate about a Identify a problem and Identify a problem and Identify a problem and Identify a problem and a
Resolution to a conflict. to a conflict. conflict and seek help to discuss possible solutions discuss possible solutions. attempt to solve with adult probable solution.
solve. with adult assistance. or peer assistance.
C. EMERGING TO … 5.2. K.C 5.2. 1.C 5.2. 2.C

Leadership Identify classroom Identify classroom Identify school projects/ Identify community
and Public projects/activities that projects/activities that activities that support projects/activities that
Service support leadership and support leadership and leadership and public support leadership and
service. service. service. public service.
D. 5.2. K.D 5.2. 1.D 5.2. 2.D

Competent Explain responsible Explain responsible Explain responsible
and classroom behavior. school behavior. community behavior.
Responsible
Citizens
31
Civics and Government 32
STANDARD AREA 5.3 – How Government Works
A. 5.3 1.A 5.3 2.A
Branches of Identify the roles of local Identify the role
Government government. (e.g., fire, government plays in
police, etc.) the community. (e.g.,
education, transportation)
B. 5.3 K.B 5.3 1.B 5.3 2.B

Structure, Identify the role of adults Identify the services of Identify local government
Organization, in authority at home or in local government. leaders.
and school.
Operation of
Governments
Government Explore costumes and Engage with costumes Recognize community Identify community Identify roles of Identify the value of Identify other types of
Services props that represent and props that represent workers through their workers through their firefighters, police firefighters, police service provided by local
community workers. community workers. uniforms and equipment. uniforms and equipment. officers, and emergency officers, and emergency government.
workers. workers in the
community.
D. 5.3 1.D 5.3 2.D
Leadership Identify positions of Identify positions of
and Political authority in the classroom authority at school.
Elections community.
E. 5.3 1.E 5.3 2.E

Elements of Identify situations in the Describe situations in
the Election school or community the state or nation when
Process when it is beneficial to it is beneficial to have an
have an elected official elected official represent
represent the people. the people.
F. 5.3 PK.F 5.3 K.F 5.3 1.F 5.3 2.F
Conflict and Identify appropriate Identify and explain Identify and explain Identify and explain
the Court behaviors for responsible behaviors for responsible behaviors for responsible behaviors for responsible
System classroom citizens. classroom citizens. classroom citizens and school citizens and
possible consequences for possible consequences for
inappropriate actions. inappropriate actions.
H. 5.3 1.H 5.3 2.H
Media Explain how information/ Identify different forms of
Influences news is conveyed to the media.
public.
I. 5.3 1.I 5.3 2.I

Taxes Provide examples of Define taxes and why they
taxation. are paid.
J. 5.3 1.J 5.3 2.J

Systems of Describe situations where Identify the
Government voting eases conflict. responsibilities of voters
after the vote.

STANDARD AREA 5.4 – How International Relationships Function
A. 5.4 K.A 5.4 1.A 5.4 2.A
Countries Identify conflict in the Identify ways to avoid Explain examples of
and Conflicts classroom. conflict. conflict in the community,
state, and nation.
B. 5.4 K.B 5.4 1.B 5.4 2.B

Tools of Identify how students can Describe how classrooms Identify ways that
Foreign work together. can work together. countries can work
Policy together.
C. 5.4 2.C
Structure, Explain why nations
Organization, need to work together for
and peace.
Operation of
Governments
33
D. 5.4 1.D 5.4 2.D
34
Media and Identify different means Identify the different types
Its Influence of receiving information/ of media.
news.
E. 5.4 1.E 5.4 2.E

How Foreign Explain how a classroom Explain how a community
Policy Is community reaches reaches compromise.
Influenced compromise.
Economics
STANDARD AREA 6.1 – Scarcity and Choice
A. EMERGING TO … 6.1 K.A 6.1 1.A 6.1 2.A
Scarcity and Identify how scarcity Identify how scarcity Identify scarcity of Identify scarcity of
Choice influences choice. influences choice. resources within the resources within the
family. school community.
B. EMERGING TO … 6.1 K.B 6.1 1.B 6.1 2.B

Limited Identify family wants and Identify family wants and Identify classroom wants Identify community wants
Resources needs. needs. and needs. and needs.
C. 6.1 K.C 6.1 1.C 6.1 2.C

Opportunity Identify choices to meet Identify choice based on Explain how choice has
Costs needs. needs versus wants. consequences.
D. 6.1 I.D 6.1 YT.D 6.1 OT.D 6.1 PK.D 6.1 K.D 6.1 1.D 6.1 2.D
Incentives Demonstrate preference Make simple choices. Communicate about Identify a choice based on Identify a choice based on Identify a choice based on Identify a choice based on
and Choice for specific objects and a choice based on individual interest. family interest. classroom interest. community interest.
people. individual interest.
Economics
STANDARD AREA 6.2 – Markets and Economic Systems
A. 6.2 K.A 6.2 1.A 6.2 2.A
Goods and Identify goods and Identify goods, Identify goods, services,
Services consumers. consumers, and consumers, and
producers. producers in the local
community.
B. 6.2 2.B
Market Differentiate between
Competition markets and competition.
C. EMERGING TO … 6.2 K.C 6.2 1.C 6.2 2.C

Advertising Identify advertisements Identify advertisements Identify advertisements Define personal choice as
and Media that encourage us to buy that encourage us to buy that encourage us to buy related to buying an item.
things. things. things on want rather
than need.
D. 6.2 PK.D 6.2 K.D 6.2 1.D 6.2 2.D

Price Deter- Explain how money is Identify currency and how Explain the role of money Explain how demand for
mination used. it is used. in determining price. a consumer good impacts
price.
E. 6.2 1.E 6.2 2.E

Economic Identify the impact on Identify the impact on
Health a community when a a community when a
business opens. business closes.
F. 6.2 2.F
Private Describe the role of
Economic financial institutions as
Institutions related to consumers’
financial needs.
35
G. 6.2 1.G 6.2 2.E
36
Economic Define an economic Identify examples of an
Systems system at the individual economic system.
level.
Economics
STANDARD AREA 6.3 – Functions of Government
A. 6.3 1.A 6.3 2.A
Goods and Identify examples of Identify examples of
Services goods and services. goods and services
provided by the private
sector.
C. 6.3 2.C
Taxation Define taxes and who pays
them.
D. 6.3 OT.D 6.3 PK.D 6.3 K.D 6.3 1.D 6.3 2.D
Government’s Communicate about Identify products Identify products Identify products Identify products
Role in EMERGING EMERGING products produced locally. produced locally. produced in the region produced in the United produced outside the
International or state. States. United States.
Trade
Economics
STANDARD AREA 6.4 – Economic Independence
A. 6.4 K.A 6.4 1.A 6.4 2.A
Specialization Identify the specialized Identify specialization of Identify local examples of
role performed by each work in the community. specialization of work.
member of the family.
C. 6.4 2.C
Multinational Identify products that
and Non- come from many different
Governmental countries.
Organizations
D. 6.4 K.D 6.4 1.D 6.4 2.D

Factors Identify individual wants Describe how individuals Identify buyers and sellers
Contributing and needs. differ in their wants and and how their wants and
to Economic needs and why people buy needs are addressed.
Interdepen- and sell things.
dence
Economics
STANDARD AREA 6.5 – Income, Profit, and Wealth
A. 6.5 PK.A 6.5 K.A 6.5 1.A 6.5 2.A
Factors Differentiate between Identify individuals in Identify individuals in the Explain how money
Influencing work and play. the community who community who work for earned by individuals is
Wages volunteer. wages. used to meet needs and
wants.
B. 6.5 1.B 6.5 2.B

Labor Identify different jobs and Describe how different job
Productivity the purpose of each. skills impact earnings.
C. 6.5 OT.C 6.5 PK.C 6.5 K.C 6.5 1.C 6.5 2.C
Types of Communicate about local Identify local businesses. Identify goods and Identify businesses and Describe the roles of local
Businesses EMERGING EMERGING businesses. services provided by local their corresponding goods businesses.
businesses. and services.
D. 6.5 1.D 6.5 2.D

Profits and Identify ways to earn Describe money-saving
Losses money. behaviors.
37
E. 6.5 1.E 6.5 2.E
38
Distribution Describe what tools Describe the qualities
of Wealth (tangible assets) are that may be necessary to
necessary to complete complete a task.
a task.
F. 6.5 1.F 6.5 2.F

Entrepre- Identify buyers and sellers Explain the
neurship (people) who buy and sell responsibilities of a
things. business owner.
G. 6.5 1.G 6.5 2.G

Costs and Explain the need to save Identify how saving for
Benefits of money. a purchase occurs over
Savings time.
H. 6.5 2.H
Interest Describe why people save
Rates money in the local bank.
Geography
STANDARD AREA 7.1 – Basic Geographic Literacy
A. 7.1 OT.A 7.1 PK.A 7.1 K.A 7.1 1.A 7.1 2.A
Geographic Use maps in play. Explain how a map is a Interpret a simple map of Identify geographic tools. Identify how basic
Tools EMERGING EMERGING representation of places. a known environment. geographic tools are used
to organize information.
B. EMERGING TO … 7.1 K.B 7.1 1.B 7.1 2.B

Location of Describe the location Describe the location Describe places in Describe regions in
Places and of places in the home, of places in the home, geographic reference in geographic reference
Regions school, and community to school, and community to physical features. using physical features.
gain an understanding of gain an understanding of
relative location. relative location.
Geography
STANDARD AREA 7.2 – Physical Characteristics of Places and Regions
A. 7.2 OT.A 7.2 PK.A 7.2 K.A 7.2 1.A 7.2 2.A
Physical Describe the Describe the Describe the Identify physical Identify the physical
Character- EMERGING EMERGING characteristics of home to characteristics of home characteristics of homes characteristics in the characteristics of places.
istics gain an understanding of and frequently visited and businesses located in community and region.
physical features. locations to gain an the community to gain an
understanding of physical understanding of physical
features. features.
B. 7.2 K.B 7.2 1.B 7.2 2.B
Physical Identify land and water Identify the basic physical Identify the basic physical
Processes forms. processes that affect the processes that affect the
physical characteristics of physical characteristics of
places. regions.
Geography
STANDARD AREA 7.3 – Human Characteristics of Places and Regions
A. 7.3 K.A 7.3 1.A 7.3 2.A
Human Char- Describe how weather Identify the local climate Identify the effect of
acteristics affects daily life. and how it determines the local geography on the
way people live. residents of the region.
(e.g., food, clothing,
industry, trade, types of
shelter, etc.)
Geography
STANDARD AREA 7.4 – Interactions Between People and the Environment
A. 7.4 K.A 7.4 1.A 7.4 2.A
Impact of Identify local bodies of Describe how lakes, Identify how
Physical water and landforms to rivers, and streams environmental changes
Systems on gain an understanding of impact people. can impact people.
People their impact on the local
community.
39
History 40
STANDARD AREA 8.1 – Historical Analysis and Skills Development
Continuity Anticipate next step of a Know the sequence of Identify and complete Identify a sequence of Identify chronological Demonstrate an Read and interpret
and Change familiar routine or activity. familiar routines. the sequence of familiar events through a day. sequence through days, understanding of information on simple
over Time routines and tasks. weeks, months, and years chronology. timelines.
(calendar time).
B. 8.1 K.B 8.1 1.B 8.1 2.B

Fact/Opinion With guidance and Identify a problem or Identify documents
and Points of support, differentiate facts dilemma surrounding an relating to an event.
View from opinions as related event.
to an event.
C. 8.1 PK.C 8.1 K.C 8.1 1.C 8.1 2.C

Research Understand that Explain how to locate Identify sources of Apply sources of historical
information comes from information in a source. historical information. information.
many sources such as
books, computers, and
newspapers.
History
STANDARD AREA 8.2 – Pennsylvania History
A. 8.2 K.A 8.2 1.A 8.2 2.A
Contributions Identify people in Identify groups of people Identify historical figures
of Individuals authority. who contribute to a in the local community.
and Groups community.
(PA)
B. 8.2 K.B 8.2 1.B 8.2 2.B

Historical Examine photographs Identify symbols, slogans, Identify important
Documents, of documents, artifacts, or mottos that are buildings, statues, and
Artifacts, and and places unique to representative of the state. monuments associated
Places (PA) Pennsylvania. with the state’s history.
C. 8.2 1.C 8.2 2.C
Impact of Identify holiday and Identify how commerce
Continuity cultural celebrations in a and industry and social
and Change community and why they organizations have
on PA History are celebrated. changed over time in
Pennsylvania.
D. 8.2 K.D 8.2 1.D 8.2 2.D
Conflict and Demonstrate an Identify historical conflict Identify how conflict is
Cooperation understanding of conflict. in the community. impacted by ethnicity and
(PA) race, working conditions,
immigration, military
conflict, and economics.
History
STANDARD AREA 8.3 – United States History
A. 8.3 K.A 8.3 1.A 8.3 2.A
Contributions Identify American people Identify Americans who Identify groups and
of Individuals related to national played a significant role in organizations and their
and Groups holidays. American history. contributions to the
(U.S.) United States.
B. 8.3 K.B 8.3 1.B 8.3 2.B

Historical Identify documents and Identify American Identify American artifacts
Documents, artifacts important to the landmarks and their and their importance in
Artifacts, and classroom community. significance. American history.
Places (U.S.)
C. 8.3 K.C 8.3 1.C 8.3 2.C

Impact of Demonstrate an Identify examples of Identify facts related to
Continuity understanding of time change. how different people
and Change order. describe the same event
on U.S. at different time periods.
History
D. 8.3 1.D 8.3 2.D
Conflict and Identify conflict and Demonstrate an
Cooperation describe ways to understanding of how
(U.S.) cooperate with others by different groups describe
making smart choices. the same event or
situation.
41
History 42
STANDARD AREA 8.4 – World History
A. 8.4 K.A 8.4 1.A 8.4 2.A
Contributions Explain how cultures Explain why cultures Explain why cultures have
of Individuals celebrate. celebrate. commemorations and
and Groups remembrances.
(World)
B. 8.4 1.B 8.4 2.B

Historical Explain the importance of Explain the significance of
Documents, world landmarks. historical documents on
Artifacts, world history.
and Places
(World)
C. 8.4 K.C 8.4 1.C 8.4 2.C
Impact of Identify different Identify holidays and Identify how cultures have
Continuity celebrations of different ceremonies of selected commemorations and
and Change cultures from around the world cultures. remembrances.
on World world.
History
D. 8.4 K.D 8.4 1.D 8.4 2.D
Conflict and Demonstrate an Describe examples of Identify global issues
Cooperation understanding of conflict conflict and cooperation that require cooperation
(World) and cooperation. in the classroom among nations.
community.
CREATIVE THINKING AND EXPRESSION
STANDARD AREA 9.1.M Production and Performance – Music and Movement
A. 9.1.M YT.A. 9.1.M OT.A 9.1.M PK.A 9.1.M K.A 9.1.M 1.A 9.1.M 2.A
Elements Demonstrate an Know and use basic Know and use basic Know and use basic Know and use basic Know and use basic
and EMERGING understanding of basic elements of music and elements and principles elements and principles elements and principles elements and principles
Principles elements of music and movement. of music and movement. of music and movement. of music and movement. of music and movement.
movement.
B. 9.1.M I.B 9.1.M YT.B 9.1.M OT.B 9.1.M PK.B 9.1.M K.B 9.1.M 1.B 9.1.M 2.B
Demonstra- Respond to music. Respond to music. Respond to and Respond to different Respond to different Perform different forms Create and perform
tion communicate about types of music and dance types of music and dance of music and dance. different forms of music
music. through participation and through participation and and dance.
discussion. discussion.
E. 9.1.M I.E 9.1.M YT.E 9.1.M OT.E 9.1.M PK.E 9.1.M K.E 9.1.M 1.E 9.1.M 2.E
Represen- Express self through Respond to music and Respond to and Use imagination and Use imagination and Use imagination and Use imagination and
tation music and dance. dance. communicate about creativity to express self creativity to express self creativity to perform creativity to design and
music and dance. through music and dance. through music and dance. music and dance. perform music and
dance.
J. 9.1.M I.J 9.1.M YT.J 9.1.M OT.J 9.1.M PK.J 9.1.M K.J 9.1.M 1.J 9.1.M 2.J
Technologies Use technologies for Use a variety of Use a variety of Use a variety of Use a variety of Use a variety of Use a variety of
producing music. technologies for technologies for technologies for technologies for technologies for technologies for
producing music or producing music or producing or performing producing or performing producing or performing producing or performing
performing movements. performing movements. works of art. works of art. works of art. works of art.
43
STANDARD AREA 9.1.D Production and Performance – Dramatic and Performance Play 44

B. 9.1.D I.B 9.1.D YT.B 9.1.D OT.B 9.1.D PK.B 9.1.D K.B 9.1.D 1.B 9.1.D 2.B
Demonstra- Act out familiar scenarios. Act out familiar scenarios Explore real or make- Recreate a dramatic Recreate a dramatic Recreate a familiar Create and perform plays
tion using objects with believe scenarios through play experience for an play experience for an story individually or and productions.
intended purpose. dramatic play. audience. audience. cooperatively for an
audience.
E. 9.1.D OT.E 9.1.D PK.E 9.1.D K.E 9.1.D 1.E 9.1.D 2.E
Represen- Use imagination and Use imagination and Use imagination and Use imagination and Identify the difference
tation EMERGING EMERGING creativity to express self creativity to express self creativity to express self creativity to express self between a play designed
through dramatic play. through dramatic play. through dramatic play. through dramatic play. to teach the facts and one
designed to communicate
a story, emotion, or theme.
STANDARD AREA 9.1.V Production and Performance – Visual Arts

A. 9.1.V YT.A. 9.1.V OT.A 9.1.V PK.A 9.1.V K.A 9.1.V 1.A 9.1.V 2.A
Elements Demonstrate an Know and use basic Know and use basic Know and use basic Know and use basic Know and use basic
and EMERGING understanding of basic elements of visual arts. elements of visual arts. elements of visual arts. elements of visual arts. elements of visual arts.
Principles elements of visual arts.
B. 9.1.V I.B 9.1.V YT.B 9.1.V OT.B 9.1.V PK.B 9.1.V K.B 9.1.V 1.B 9.1.V 2.B
Demonstra- Combine a variety of Combine a variety of Combine a variety of Combine a variety of Combine a variety of Create works of art and Create works of art
tion materials to engage in the materials to engage in the materials to engage in the materials to create a work materials to create a work identify art materials, inspired by the styles and
process of art. process of art. process of art. of art. of art. techniques, and materials of other artists.
processes.
E. 9.1.M OT.E 9.1.V PK.E 9.1.V K.E 9.1.V 1.E 9.1.V 2.E
Represen- Use imagination and Use imagination and Use imagination and Use imagination and Use imagination and
tation EMERGING EMERGING creativity to express self creativity to express self creativity to express self creativity to express self creativity to express self
through the process of through visual arts. through visual arts. through visual arts. through visual arts.
art.
J. 9.1.V I.J 9.1.V YT.J 9.1.V OT.J 9.1.V PK.J 9.1.V K.J 9.1.V 1.J 9.1.V 2.J
Technologies Use technologies in the Use a variety of Use a variety of Use a variety of Use a variety of Use a variety of Use a variety of
process of creating art. technologies in the technologies in the technologies for technologies for technologies for technologies for
process of creating art. process of creating art. producing works of art. producing works of art. producing works of art. producing works of art.
STANDARD AREA 9.2 Historical and Cultural Context of Works of Art
D. 9.2 PK.D 9.2 K.D 9.2 1.D 9.2 2.D
Perspective Explain that instruments Explain that instruments Identify the historical and Describe the historical
or art forms represent or art forms represent cultural context of works and cultural context of
cultural perspectives. cultural perspectives. of art. works of art.
STANDARD AREA 9.3 Critical Response to Works of Art

F. 9.3 I.F 9.3 YT.F 9.3 OT.F 9.3 PK.F 9.3 K.F 9.3 1.F 9.3 2.F
Identification Explore a variety of art Engage with a variety of Communicate about a Recognize and name a Recognize and name a Categorize and classify Use critical processes
forms. art forms. variety of art forms. variety of art forms. variety of art forms. works of art. (e.g., compare, contrast)
to examine works of art.
G. 9.3 I.G 9.3 YT.G 9.3 OT.G 9.3 PK.G 9.3 K.G 9.3 1.G 9.3 2.G
Critical Respond to various art Show interest in others’ Comment on Formulate and share an Formulate and share an Compare and contrast the Recognize that works of
Response forms. artistic expressions. characteristics of others’ opinion about others’ art opinion about one’s own characteristics of works art have meaning.
artistic expressions. products. work and that of others. of art.
STANDARD AREA 9.4 Aesthetic Response to Works of Art

B. 9.4 PK.B 9.4 K.B 9.4 1.B 9.4 2.B
Emotional Demonstrate an Demonstrate an Demonstrate and discuss Examine and
Response emotional response emotional response feelings about various communicate an
to viewing or creating to viewing or creating works of art. informed individual
various works of art. various works of art. opinion about the meaning
of works of arts.
45
46
HEALTH, WELLNESS, AND PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT
STANDARD AREA 10.1 Concepts of Health
Interaction Locate basic body parts Locate basic body parts Identify and locate basic Identify and locate body Identify and describe Identify and describe Identify and describe
of Body when named by an adult. when asked. body parts. parts. functions of basic body functions of basic body functions of major body
Systems parts and organs. parts and organs. organs and systems.
C. 10.1 OT.C 10.1 PK.C 10.1 K.C 10.1 1.C 10.1 2.C
Nutrition Participate in experiences Identify foods that keep Identify foods that keep Identify foods that keep Identify foods and the
EMERGING EMERGING related to healthy food our bodies healthy. our bodies healthy. our bodies healthy. roles they have in keeping
choices. our bodies healthy.
D. 10.1 PK.D 10.1 K.D 10.1 1.D 10.1 2.D

Alcohol, Identify and discuss the Distinguish between Distinguish between Distinguish between
Tobacco, and purposes of medicine. healthy and unhealthy healthy and unhealthy healthy and unhealthy
Chemical behaviors. behaviors. behaviors.
Substances
E. 10.1 PK.E 10.1 K.E 10.1 1.E 10.1 2.E

Health Identify and discuss Identify and discuss Identify and discuss Identify and discuss
Problems common health common health problems common health problems common health problems
and Disease problems. and risk factors. and risk factors. and risk factors.
Prevention
STANDARD AREA 10.2 Healthful Living
Health Participate in Engage in fundamental Discuss fundamental Identify fundamental Identify fundamental Identify fundamental Identify personal hygiene
Practices, fundamental practices for practices for good health. practices for good health. practices for good health. practices for good health. practices for good health. practices and community
Products, good health. helpers for good health.
and Services
E. 10.2 PK.E 10.2 K.E 10.2 1.E 10.2 2.E

Health Identify environmental Identify environmental Identify environmental Identify environmental
and the factors that affect health. factors that affect health. factors that affect health. factors that affect health.
Environment
STANDARD AREA 10.3 Safety and Injury Prevention

Safe and Respond to basic safety Cooperate with basic Use and communicate Recognize safe and unsafe Recognize safe and unsafe Recognize safe and unsafe Recognize safe and unsafe
Unsafe words. safety practices. about basic safety practices. practices. practices. practices.
Practices practices.
B. 10.3 PK.B 10.3 K.B 10.3 1.B 10.3 2.B

Emergency Recognize emergency Recognize emergency Recognize emergency Recognize emergency
Responses situations and discuss situations and discuss situations and discuss situations and discuss
appropriate responses. appropriate responses. appropriate responses. appropriate responses.
47
STANDARD AREA 10.4 Physical Activity – Gross Motor Coordination 48

Control and Develop control of the Control and coordinate Combine and coordinate Demonstrate coordination Demonstrate coordination Demonstrate coordination Demonstrate coordination
Coordination body. the movement of the body movement. of body movements in of purposeful body of purposeful body of purposeful body
body. active play. movements. movements. movements.
Balance and Exhibit strength and Exhibit balance and Demonstrate balance and Exhibit balance while Exhibit balance, strength, Exhibit balance, strength, Exhibit balance, strength,
Strength balance in stationary body strength when moving strength when performing moving on the ground or stamina, and agility. stamina, and agility. stamina, and agility.
movements. from place to place. gross motor activities. using equipment.
STANDARD AREA 10.5 Concepts, Principles, and Strategies of Movement – Fine Motor Coordination
Strength, Use fingers and hands to Coordinate use of fingers, Coordinate use of fingers, Use hands, fingers and Use dexterity and strength Use dexterity and strength Use dexterity and strength
Coordination, accomplish actions. hands, and wrists to hands, and wrists to wrists to manipulate to manipulate objects. to manipulate objects. to manipulate objects.
and Muscle accomplish actions. accomplish actions. objects.
Control
Eye/Hand Use eye and hand Coordinate eye and hand Coordinate eye and hand Coordinate eye and hand Coordinate eye and hand Coordinate eye and hand Coordinate eye and hand
Coordination coordination to perform movements to perform movements to perform movements to perform movements to perform an movements to perform an movements to perform an
a task. a task. a task. a task. advanced task. advanced task. advanced task.
Use of Tools Manipulate basic tools. Use basic tools. Use basic tools Use tools that require use Use tools with control and Use tools with control and Use tools with control and
demonstrating refined of fingers, hands, and/ skill to perform tasks. skill to perform tasks. skill to perform tasks.
skill. or wrists to accomplish
a task.
SOCIAL AND EMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENT
STANDARD AREA 16.1 Self-Awareness and Self-Management
Manages Demonstrate an Demonstrate an Make connections Distinguish between Distinguish between Examine the impact of Examine the impact of
Emotions emotional response to the emotional response in between emotions and emotions and identify emotions and identify emotions and responses emotions and responses
and environment. reaction to an experience. behavior. socially accepted ways to socially accepted ways to on view of self and on view of self and
Behaviors express them. express them. interactions with others. interactions with others.
Influences Demonstrate preference Demonstrate preference Communicate preference Recognize that everyone Recognize that everyone Understand the impact Understand the impact
of Personal for specific objects and for specific objects or for people, objects, and has personal traits which has personal traits which of personal traits on of personal traits on
Traits on Life people. activities. activities. guide behavior and guide behavior and relationships and school relationships and school
Achievements choices. choices. achievement. achievement.
Resiliency Use comfort of familiar Repeat familiar activity Approach new experiences Recognize that everyone Recognize that everyone Identify adverse situations Identify adverse situations
experiences to explore to gain comfort and with confidence. makes mistakes and makes mistakes and which all people which all people
new activities and confidence. that using positive that using positive encounter and healthy encounter and healthy
experiences. coping skills can result coping skills can result ways to address. ways to address.
in learning from the in learning from the
experience. experience.
D. 16.1 OT.D 16.1 PK.D 16.1 K.D 16.1 1.D 16.1 2.D
Goal-Setting Establish goals Establish goals Establish goals Describe the effect of Describe the effect of
EMERGING EMERGING independently. independently and independently and goal-setting on self and goal-setting on self and
recognize their influence recognize their influence others. others.
on choices. on choices.
E. 16.1 I.E 16.1 YT.E 16.1 OT.E

Identity Respond to self in mirror. Convey ownership of Use language that
Development objects and people. indicates knowledge of
self.
49
STANDARD AREA 16.2 Establishing and Maintaining Relationships 50

Relationships Show affection and bond Use trusted adult as a Develop relationships that Interact with peers Interact with peers Establish relationships Establish relationships
– Trust and with familiar adults. secure base from which to extend beyond trusted and adults in a socially and adults in a socially that are positive and that are positive and
Attachment explore the environment. adults. acceptable manner. acceptable manner. supportive of others. supportive of others.
Diversity Notice differences in Recognize similarities and Communicate about Identify similarities and Identify similarities and Recognize and tolerate the Recognize and tolerate the
others. differences between self similarities and differences between self differences between self uniqueness of all people uniqueness of all people
and others. differences between self and others. and others. in all situations. in all situations.
and others.
Communi- Use sounds and gestures Use sounds, gestures, Engage in reciprocal Engage in reciprocal Engage in reciprocal Explain the impact of Explain the impact of
cation as a form of reciprocal and words as a conversations and communication with communication with communication on communication on
communication. form of reciprocal interactions with peers adults and peers. adults and peers. interactions with others. interactions with others.
communication. and adults.
D. 16.2 I.D 16.2 YT.D 16.2 OT.D 16.2 PK.D 16.2 K.D 16.2 1.D 16.2 2.D
Managing Express emotion relating Express emotion relating Communicate about a Recognize that conflict Recognize that conflict Identify and apply Identify and apply
Interpersonal to a conflict. to a conflict. conflict and seek help to occurs and distinguish occurs and distinguish appropriate ways to appropriate ways to
Conflicts solve. between appropriate and between appropriate and resolve conflict. resolve conflict.
inappropriate ways to inappropriate ways to
resolve conflict. resolve conflict.
*See also 5.2 PK.B *See also 5.2 K.B
E. 16.2 I.E 16.2 YT.E 16.2 OT.E 16.2 PK.E 16.2 K.E 16.2 1.E 16.2 2.E
Support – Indicate needs through Communicate needs. Ask for help when Ask for and accept offers Ask for and accept offers Determine who, when, Determine who, when,
Asking for vocalizations and body needed. of help when needed or of help when needed or where, or how to seek where, or how to seek
Help movements. appropriate. appropriate. help for solving problems. help for solving problems.
STANDARD AREA 16.3 Decision-Making and Responsible Behavior
Decision- Demonstrate preference Make simple choices. Recognize the Interpret the Interpret the Recognize that there Recognize that there
Making Skills for specific objects and consequences of choices. consequences of choices. consequences of choices. are consequences for are consequences for
people. every decision which are every decision which are
the responsibility of the the responsibility of the
decision-maker. decision-maker.
Under- Respond to adult Demonstrate basic Follow basic rules. Recognize there are Recognize there are Demonstrate knowledge Demonstrate knowledge
standing guidance about behavior. understanding of rules. socially acceptable ways to socially acceptable ways to of how social norms affect of how social norms affect
Social Norms behave in different places. behave in different places. decision-making and decision-making and
– Social behavior. behavior.
Identity
Responsible React to others’ Engage in empathy and Demonstrate empathy Actively engage in Actively engage in Actively engage in creating Actively engage in creating
Active expressions of emotion. compassion in some and compassion for assisting others when assisting others when an environment that an environment that
Engagement situations. others. appropriate. appropriate. encourages healthy encourages healthy
– Empathy relationships. relationships.
51

2014 2016 Pennsylvania Learning Standards For Early Childhood

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Infant •

2014/2016 Pennsylvania Learning Standards for Early Childhood

STANDARD AREA AL.2 Organizing and Understanding Information

STANDARD AREA AL.3 Applying Knowledge

INFANT YOUNG TODDLER OLDER TODDLER PRE-KINDERGARTEN KINDERGARTEN GRADE 1 GRADE 2

E. EMERGING TO … 1.1 K.E 1.1 1.E 1.1 2.E

INFANT YOUNG TODDLER OLDER TODDLER PRE-KINDERGARTEN KINDERGARTEN GRADE 1 GRADE 2

F. 1.2 PK.F 1.2 K.F 1.2 1.F 1.2 2.F

INFANT YOUNG TODDLER OLDER TODDLER PRE-KINDERGARTEN KINDERGARTEN GRADE 1 GRADE 2

INFANT YOUNG TODDLER OLDER TODDLER PRE-KINDERGARTEN KINDERGARTEN GRADE 1 GRADE 2

C. 1.4 PK.C 1.4 K.C 1.4 1.C 1.4 2.C

E. 1.4 K.E 1.4 1.E 1.4 2.E

F. EMERGING TO … 1.4 K.F 1.4 1.F 1.4 2.F

I. 1.4 K.I 1.4 1.I 1.4 2.I

J. 1.4 K.J 1.4 1.J 1.4 2.J

K. 1.4 1.K 1.4 2.K

L. 1.4 K.L 1.4 1.L 1.4 2.L

O. 1.4 PK.O 1.4 K.O 1.4 1.O 1.4 2.O

STANDARD AREA 1.5 Speaking and Listening

A.2 2.1 OT.A.2 2.1 PK.A.2 2.1 K.A.2

STANDARD AREA 2.2 Algebraic Concepts

STANDARD AREA 2.3 Geometry

INFANT YOUNG TODDLER OLDER TODDLER PRE-KINDERGARTEN KINDERGARTEN GRADE 1 GRADE 2

A.2 2.4 1.A.2 2.4 2.A.2

A.3 2.4 2.A.3

A.6 2.4 2.A.6

2. 3.1 YT.A.2 3.1 OT.A.2 3.1 PK.A.2 EMERGING TO … 3.1 1.A.2

STANDARD AREA 3.1 Biological Sciences

4. 3.2 1.A.4 3.2 2.A.4

STANDARD AREA 3.3 Earth and Space Sciences

Environment and Ecology

Environment and Ecology

B. 4.2 PK.B 4.1 PK.B

C. 4.2 OT.C 4.2 PK.C 4.2 K.C 4.2 2.C

B. 4.3 PK.B 4.3 K.B 4.3 1.B 4.3 2.B

Environment and Ecology

B. 4.5 OT.B 4.5 PK.B 4.5 K.B 4.5 1.B

STANDARD AREA 15.4 Computer and Information Technology

C. 15.4 PK.C 15.4 K.C 15.4 1.C 15.4 2.C

K. 15.4 PK.K 15.4 K.K 15.4 1.K 15.4 2.K

C. 5.1 K.C 5.1 1.C 5.1 2.C

D. 5.1 1.D 5.1 2.D

F. 5.1 PK.F 5.1 K.F 5.1 1.F 5.1 2.F

C. EMERGING TO … 5.2. K.C 5.2. 1.C 5.2. 2.C

D. 5.2. K.D 5.2. 1.D 5.2. 2.D

B. 5.3 K.B 5.3 1.B 5.3 2.B

E. 5.3 1.E 5.3 2.E

I. 5.3 1.I 5.3 2.I

J. 5.3 1.J 5.3 2.J

Civics and Government

B. 5.4 K.B 5.4 1.B 5.4 2.B

E. 5.4 1.E 5.4 2.E

B. EMERGING TO … 6.1 K.B 6.1 1.B 6.1 2.B

C. 6.1 K.C 6.1 1.C 6.1 2.C

C. EMERGING TO … 6.2 K.C 6.2 1.C 6.2 2.C

D. 6.2 PK.D 6.2 K.D 6.2 1.D 6.2 2.D

E. 6.2 1.E 6.2 2.E

D. 6.4 K.D 6.4 1.D 6.4 2.D

B. 6.5 1.B 6.5 2.B

D. 6.5 1.D 6.5 2.D

F. 6.5 1.F 6.5 2.F

G. 6.5 1.G 6.5 2.G

B. EMERGING TO … 7.1 K.B 7.1 1.B 7.1 2.B