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A eight cylinder four stroke engine running at 2500
rpm has a carburetor with throat. Determine the depression
in the venture throat at a standard outside pressure if the throttle
produces a 75 percent volumetric efficiency.
Given:
D = 3.5 in N = 2500rev/min
L = 4.5 in
Anticipating a depression of about 10 percent of
atmospheric pressure or 1.44 psi from
table 7-1 the mass flow rate is found
approximately
The average air velocity in the throat
0.875
0.85
0.84
0.825
Solving for depression, @
:Answer
𝜋 1𝑓𝑡 𝑙𝑏
18.3 × × 1.25𝑖𝑛 × × 0.84 0.0745 6.966 𝑖𝑛 𝐻 𝑂
4 12𝑖𝑛 𝑓𝑡
𝐴
14 × 0.93 𝑙𝑏
0.72 62.4 6.966 𝑖𝑛 𝐻 𝑂 − 0.35𝑖𝑛 𝐻 𝑂
𝑓𝑡
Compensated Carburetors.---- To compensate for the tendency of
a simple jet to increase the richness of the charge with increase of
load, several devices are used:
1.) An auxiliary air valve that automatically admits additional air as
the mixture flow increases.
2.) A compensating jet that allows an increasing flow of air
through a fuel passage as the mixture flow increases.
3.) A tapered metering pin that reaches into the fuel nozzle and is
lifted or lowered, thus changing the quantity of fuel drawn
into the air charge.
4.) A combination of a variable air passage and a tapered
metering pin, controlled by the air valve to give the
desired mixture for any load.
Auxiliary-Valve Carburetor----
The valve spring s is operated
by the vacuum, which
increases with increase of
engine load and increases the
air admission in proportion to
the lift of the valve v
Shows the action of the float
chamber less schematically
than simple carburetor. The
fuel needle n is connected to
the float f by levers, l; when
the float rises the needle is
This arrangement allows a pushed down closing the fuel
more convenient connection admission.
between the carburetor and
the fuel-supply tank below.
Zenith Carburetor with a compensating
jet c, which discharges fuel at a
constant rate into a well d, open to the
atmosphere. The main jet j is made to
give a mixture which is at all times too
lean, but becomes richer as the engine
speed and load increase.
The main jet j is made to give a mixture
which is at all times too lean, but
becomes richer as engine speed and
load increase.
The compensating jet c alone would give a
mixture that is also too lean and that
becomes still weaker, as the engine speed
and load increase as more air is drawn in
form well d and a constant amount of fuel
is discharged by gravity
Idling Carburetor the throttle closed,
the manifold depression at the idling
jet i will be considerably smaller
because of the admission of air
through the idling adjustment a and
because of a certain air flow past the
edge of the throttle plate t . The
desirable idling air fuel ratio is
obtained by adjusting the idling screw
a.
Choking Starting in cold weather requires a very rich air-fuel mixture
which is induced by choking.
A choke is a butterfly valve, similar to the throttle valve, but
located before the venture. Choking increases the depression in the
venture and causes an oversupply of liquid fuel.
Compensated Carburetors – The effect of altitude must be
compensated by admitting either more air or less fuel.