HISTORY OF CHN
DateEvent
1901 - Act # 157 ( Board of Health of the
Philippines) ; Act # 309 ( ProvincialandMunicipal
Boards of Health)were created.
1905 - Boardof Health was abolished;
functions
were transferred to theBureau of Health.
1912 – Act # 2156or Fajardo Act created the
Sanitary Divisions, the forerunners of present
MHOs; male nurses performs the functions of
doctors
1919 – Act # 2808 (Nurses Law was created)
- Carmen del Rosario , 1
Fil. Nurse supervisor
under Bureau of Health
Oct. 22, 1922 – Filipino Nurses Organization
Philiine Nurses’ Or anization was
1923 – Zamboanga General Hospital School
of Nursing & Baguio General Hospital
were established; other government
schools of nursing were organized several
years after.
•1928- 1
Nursing convention was held
•1940 – Manila Health Department was
created.
•1941
– Dr. Mariano Icasiano became the
first
city health officer; Office of Nursing
was
created through the effort of Vicenta
Ponce (chief nurse) and Rosario Ordiz
(assistant chief nurse)
Dec. 8, 1941 – Victims of World War II were
treated by the nurses of Manila.
•July 1942 – Nursing Office was created; Dr.
Eusebio Aguilar helped in the release of 31
Filipino nurses in Bilibid Prison as prisoners of
war
by the Japanese.
•Feb. 1946 – Number of nurses decreased from
556
– 308.
•1948 – First training center of the Bureau of
Health
was organized by the Pasay City Health
Department. Trinidad Gomez, Marcela Gabatin,
Costancia Tuazon, Ms. Bugarin, Ms. Ramos,
and
Zenaida Nisce composed the training
staff.
1950 – Rural Health Demonstration and
Training Center was created.
•1953 – The first 81 rural health units were
organized.
•1957 – RA 1891 amended some sections of
RA 1082 and created the eight categories
of rural health unit causing an increase
inthe demand for the community health
personnel.
•1958-1965 – Division of Nursing was
abolished (RA 977) and Reorganization Act
(EO 288)
1961 – Annie Sand organized the National
League of
Nurses of DOH.
•1967 – Zenaida Nisce became the nursing
program
supervisor and consultant on
the six
specialdiseases (TB, leprosy, V.D., cancer,
filariasis, and mental health illness).
•1975 – Scope of responsibility of nurses and
midwives became wider due to restructuringof
the health care delivery system.
•1976-1986 – The need for Rural Health
Practice
Program was implemented.
•1990- 1992- Local Government Code of
1991(RA 7160)
1993-1998 – Office of Nursing did not
materialize in spite of persistent
recommendation of the officers, board
members, and advisers of the National
League of Nurses Inc.
•Jan. 1999 – Nelia Hizon was positioned as
the
nursing adviser at the Office of
PublicHealth Services through Department
Order # 29.
•May 24, 1999 – EO # 102, which redirects the
functions and operations of DOH, was
signed by former President Joseph
Estrada
LAWS AFFECTING PUBLIC HEALTH AND
PRACTICE OF COMMUNITY HEALTH
NURSING
R.A. 7160 -or the Local Government Code. This
involves the devolution of powers, functions
and responsibilities to the local government
both rural & urban.The Code aims to transform
local government units into self-reliant dentists, nurses, midwives and sanitary
communities and active partners in the inspectors will
attainment of national goals thru’ a more
responsive and accountable local government live in the rural areas where they are assigned in
structure instituted thru’ a system of order
decentralization. Hence, each province, city to raise the health conditions of barrio people
and municipality has a LOCAL HEALTH ,hence
BOARD ( LHB ) which is mandated to propose help decrease thehigh incidence of preventable
annual budgetary allocations for the operation
and maintenance of their ownhealth facilities diseases
R.A. 6425 – Dangerous Drugs Act. It
Composition of LHB stipulatesthat the sale, administration,
Provincial Level delivery, distribution and transportation of
1.Governor- chair prohibited drugs is punishable by law.
R.A. 9165 – the new Dangerous Drug Act of
2. Provincial Health Officer – vice chair 2002
3. Chair , Committee on Health of P.D. No. 651 – requires that all health
workers shall identify and encourage the
Sangguniang
registration of all births within 30 days
Panlalawigan
following delivery.
4. DOH rep. P.D. No. 996 – requires the compulsory
5. NGO rep. immunization of all children below 8 yrs. of
Composition of LHB age against the 6 childhood immunizable
City and Municipal Level diseases.
P.D. No. 825 – provides penalty for improper
2.Mayor – chair disposal of garbage.
R.A. 8749 – Clean Air Act of 2000
2. MHO – vice chair
P.D. No. 856 – Code on Sanitation. It provides
3. Chair, Committee on Health of for the control of all factors in man’s
Sangguniang environment that affect health including the
quality of water, food, milk, insects, animal
Bayan
carriers, transmitters of disease, sanitary and
4. DOH rep recreation facilities, noise, pollution.
R.A. 6758 – standardizes the salary of
5. NGO rep
government
employees including the nursing personnel.
EFFECTIVE LHS DEPENDS R.A. 6675 – Generics Act of 1988 which promotes,
ON: requires and ensures the production of an
1. the LGU’s financial capability adequate
2. a dynamic and responsive political supply, distribution, use and acceptance of
leadership
drugs
3. community empowerment
R.A. 2382 – Philippine Medical Act. This act and medicines identified by their generic name.
defines the R.A. 6713 – Code of Conduct and Ethical
practice of medicine in the country. Standards of
R.A. 1082 – Rural Health Act. It created the 1 Public Officials and Employees. It is the policy of
81 Rural
the
Health Units.
state to promote high standards of ethics in
-amended by RA 1891 ; more
public
physicians,
office. Public officials and employees shall at all
 times be accountable to the people and shall
discharges their duties with utmost
responsibility,
integrity, competence and loyalty, act with
patriotism
and justice, lead modest lives uphold public
interest
over personal interest
R.A. 7305 – Magna Carta for Public Health
Workers. This act aims: to promote and
improve the social and economic well-being of
health workers, their living and working
conditions and terms of employment; to
develop their skills and capabilities in order that
they will be more responsive and better
equipped to deliver health projects and
programs; and to encourage those with proper
qualifications and excellent abilities to join and
remain in government service.
R.A. 8423 – created the Philippine Institute of
Traditional and Alternative HealthCare
P.D. No. 965 – requires applicants for marriage
license
to receive instructions onfamily planning and
responsible parenthood.
P.D. NO. 79 – defines , objectives, duties and
functions
of POPCOM
RA 4073 – advocates home treatment for
leprosy
•Letter of Instruction No. 949 – legal basis
of PHC dated OCT. 19, 1979
–- promotes development of health programs
on the community level
RA 3573 – requires reporting of all cases
of communicable diseases and
administration of prophylaxis
•Ministry Circular No. 2 of 1986 – includes
AIDS as notifiable disease
R.A. 7875 – National Health Insurance Act
R.A. 7432 – Senior Citizens Act
R. A. 7719 -National Blood Services Act
R.A. 8172 – Salt Iodization Act ( ASIN LAW)
R.A.7277- Magna Carta for PWD’s,
provides their rehabilitation, self-
development and self-reliance and
integration into the mainstream of society
A. O. No.2005-0014- National Policies
on Infant and Young Child Feeding:
1.All newborns be breastfeed within 1 hr
after birth
2. Infantsbe exclusively breastfeed for 6
mos.
3. Infants be given timely, adequate and
safe complementary foods
4. Breastfeeding be continued up to 2 years
and beyond
EO 51- Phil. Code of Marketing of
Breastmilk Substitutes
•R.A.-7600 – Rooming In and
Breastfeeding Act of1992
•R.A. 8976-Food Fortification Law
•R.A. 8980- prolmulgates a comprehensive
policy and a national system for ECCD
A..O.No. 2006- 0015- defines the
Implementing guidelines on Hepatitis B
Immunization for Infants
•R.A.7846- mandates Compulsory
Hepatitis B Immunization among infants
and children less than 8 yrs old
•R.A. 2029-madates Liver Cancer and
Hepatitis B Awareness Month Act
( February)
A.O. No. 2006-0012- specifies the
Revised Implementing Rules and
Regulations of E.O. 51 or Milk Code,
Relevant International Agreements,
Penalizing Violations thereof and for other
purposes
Public Health
•-” science and art of preventing diasease,
prolonging life, promoting health and efficiency
thru’ organizedcommunity effort for the
sanitation of the environment, control of
communicable diseases, the education of
individuals in personal hygiene, the organization
of medical and nursing servicesfor the early
diagnosis and preventive treatment of diseases
and the development of social machinery to
ensure everyone a standard of living adequate
for the maintenance of health, so organizing
 these benefits as to enable every citizen to
realize his birthright off birth and longevity”
( DR. C.E. Winslow)
Community Health Nursing
•- special field of nursing that combines the
skills of nursing, public health and some
phases of social assistance and functions
as part of the total public health program
for the promotion of health, the
improvement of the conditions in the social
and physical environment, rehabilitation of
illness and disability ( WHO Expert
Committee of Nursing )
CHN
•- a learned practice discipline with the ultimate
goal of contributing as individuals and in
collaboration with others to the promotion of the
client’s optimum level of functioning thru’
teaching and delivery of care ( Jacobson )
•- a service rendered by a professional nurse to
IFCs, population groups in health centers,
clinics, schools , workplace for the promtion of
health, preventionof illness, care of the sick at
home and rehabilitation(DR. Ruth B. Freeman)
Concepts
•The primary focus of community health
nursing is health promotion.
•Community health nurses provide care
necessary to meet the requirements of an
individual all throughout the life cycle.
•Knowledge on different fields (biological
and social sciences, clinical nursing, and
community health organizations) is used.
•Nursing process in community health
nursing changes based on the needs of the
community
Goal
•To elevate the level health of the
multitude.
•Worth and dignity of man.
1.The need of the community is the basis
of community health nursing.
2.The community health nurse must
understand fully the objectives and
policies of the agency she represents
3. The family is the unit of service.
4. CHN must be available to all regardless of
race,creed and socioeconomic status
5. The CHN works as a member of the health
team
6. There must be provision for periodic
evaluation of community health nursing
services
7. Opportunities for continuing staff
education programs for nurses must be
provided by the community health nursing
agency and the CHN as well
8. The CHN makes use of available
9. The CHN taps the already existing active
organized groups in the community
10. There must be provision for educative
supervision in community health nursing
11. There should be accuraterecording and
reporting in community health nursing
12. Health teaching is the primary
responsibility of the community health nurse
Standards in CHN
I. Theory
Applies theoretical concepts as basis for
decisions in practice
II. Data Collection
Gathers comprehensive , accurate data
Systematically
Standards
III. Diagnosis
Analyzes collected data to determine the
needs/ health problems of IFC
IV. Planning
At each level of prevention, develops plans
that specify nursing actions unique to
needs of clients
V. Intervention
Guided by the plan, intervenes to promote,maintain
or restore health, prevent illnessand institute
rehabilitation
VI. Evaluation
Evaluates responses of clients to
interventions to note progress toward goal
achievement, revise data base, diagnoses
and plan
VII. Quality Assurance and Professional
Development
Participates in peerreview and other
means of evaluation to assure quality of
nursing practice
Assumes professional development
Contributes to development of others
 VIII. Interdisciplinary Collaboration
Collaborates with other members of the
health team, professionals and community
representatives in assessing, planning,
implementing and evaluating programs for
community health
I. Research
Indulges in research to contribute to theory
and practice incommunity health
nursing
LEVELS OF CARE/ PREVENTION
•1. PRIMARY
•2. SECONDARY
•3. TERTIARY
Types of Clientele
•1. INDIVIDUALS
•2. FAMILIES
•3. COMMUNITIES
•4. POPULATION GROUPS
- Aggregate of people who share common
characteristics, developmental stage or common
exposure to particular environmental factors
thus
resulting in common health problems ( Clark,
1995:5) e.g. children . elderly,women, workers
etc.
Phil.Health Care Delivery
System
•1.PRIMARY LEVEL FACILITIES
•2. SECONDARYLEVEL FACILITIES
•3. TERTIARY LEVEL FACILITIES
Classify as to what level the ff.
belong
•1. Teaching and Training Hospitals
•2. City Health Services
•3. Emergency and District Hospitals
•4. Private Practitioners
•5. Heart Institutes
•6. Puericulture Centers
•7. RHU
THE DEPARTMENT OF
HEALTH
VISION: Health for all Filipinos
MISSION: Ensure accessibility & quality
of health care to improve the quality of
life of all Filipinos, especially the poor
NATIONAL OBJECTIVES
1.Improve the general health status of the population
(reduce infant mortality rate, reduce child
morality
rate, reduce maternal mortality rate, reduce total
fertility rate, increase life expectancy & the
quality of
life years).
2.Reduce morbidity, mortality, disability &
complications from Diarrheas, Pneumonias,
Tuberculosis, Dengue, Intestinal Parasitism,
Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Hepatitis B,
Accident & Injuries, Dental Caries & Periodontal
Diseases, Cardiovascular Diseases, Cancer,
Diabetes, Asthma & Chronic Obstructive
Pulmonary
Diseases, Nephritis & Chronic Kidney Diseases,
Mental Disorders, Protein Energy Malnutrition,
Iron
Deficiency Anemia & Obesity.
3.Eliminate the ff. diseases as public health
problems:
•Schistosomiasis
•Malaria
•Filariasis
•Leprosy
•Rabies
•Measles
 •Tetanus •- that level ofCHN practice directed to
•Diphtheria & Pertussis the FAMILY as the unit of care with

•Vitamin A Deficiency & Iodine Deficiency HEALTH as the goal and NURSING as
Disorder the medium, channel or provider of care
4. Eradicate Poliomyelitis Family Case Load
5. Promote healthy lifestyle through healthy diet •- the no. and kind of families a nurse
handles at any given time
& nutrition, physical activity & fitness, personal
•- variable for cases are added or dropped
hygiene, mental health & less stressful life &
based on the need for nursing care and
prevent violent & risk-taking behaviors.
supervision
6. Promote the health & nutrition of families &
special populations through child, adolescent
& youth, adult health, women’s health, health Family Case Load
of older persons, health of indigenous people, •- the no. and kind of families a nurse
handles at any given time
health of migrant workers and health of
•- variable for cases are added or dropped
different disabled persons and of the rural &
based on the need for nursing care and
urban poor.
supervision
7. Promote environmental health and Types of Families
sustainable development through the
•1. Nuclear
promotion and maintenance of healthy
homes, schools, workplaces, •2. Extended
establishments and communities towns •3. Three generational
and cities. •4. Dyad
Basic Principles to Achieve
Improvement in Health •5. Single- Parent
1.Universal access to basic health services •6. Step- Parent
must be ensured.
2.The health and nutrition of vulnerable •7. Blended or reconstituted
groups must be prioritized. 8. Single adult living alone
3.The epidemiological shift from infection
•9. Cohabiting/ Living –in
to degenerative diseases must be
•10. No- kin
managed.
4.The performance of the health sector •11. Compound
must be enhanced •12. Gay
Primary Strategies to Achieve •14. Commune
Goals HEALTH TASKS OF THE FAMILY(
1.Increasing investment for Primary Health Freeman, 1981)
Care. •1. recognizing interruptions of health or
2.Development of national standards and development
objectives for health. •2. seeking health care
3.Assurance ofhealth care. •3. managing health and non-health crises
4.Support to the local system •4. providing nursing care to the sick, disabled
development. and dependent member of the family
5.Support for frontline health workers •5. maintaining a home environment conducive
to
FAMILY HEALTH NURSING good health and personal development
•6. maintaining a reciprocal relationship with the
 community and health institutions
Family Nursing Problem
•Arises when the family cannot effectively
perform its health tasks
Nurse’s Roles in Family Health
Nursing
•1. HEALTH MONITOR
•2. PROVIDER OF CARE TO A SICK
FAMILY MEMBER
•3. COORDINATOR OF FAMILY
SERVICES
•4. FACILITATOR
•5. TEACHER
•6. COUNSELOR
INITIAL DATA BASE FOR FAMILY
NURSING PRACTICE
•Family structure, Characteristics, and
Dynamics
2.Members of the household and relationship
to the head of the family
3.Demographic data – age, sex, civil status,
position in the family
4.Place of residence of each member –
whether living with the family or elsewhere
Type of family structure – e.g.
matriarchal or patriarchal, nuclear or
extended
2.Dominant family members in terms ofdecision-
making, especially in mattersof health care
3.General family relationship/dynamics –
presence of any readily observable
conflict between members;
characteristics communication patterns
among members
Socio-economic and Cultural
Characteristics
2.Income and Expenses
–Occupation, place of work and income of
each working members
–Adequacy to meet basic necessities
–Who makes decisions about money and
how it is spent
3.Educational attainment of each other
4.Ethnic background and religious
affiliation
1.Significant Others – role(s)
they play in family’s life
2.Relationship of the family to
larger community – Nature
and extent of participation of
the family in community
activities
•Home and Environment
2. Housing
–Adequacy of living peace
–Sleeping arrangement
–Presence of breeding or resting sites of
vectors of diseases
–Presence of accidents hazards
–Food storage and cooking facilities
–Water supply – source, ownership, portability
–Toilet facility – type, ownership, sanitary
condition
–Drainage system – type, sanitary condition
1.Kind of neighborhood, e.g.
congested, slum, etc.
2.Social and health facilities
available
3.Communication and
transportation facilities
available
•Health Status of each Family Member
2.Medical and nursing history indicating
current or past significant illnesses or
beliefs and practices conducive to health
illness
3. Nutritional assessment
–Anthropometric data: Measures of nutritional
status of children, weight, height, mid-upper
arm circumference: Risk assessment
measures of obesity: body mass index, waist
circumference, waist hip ratio
–Dietary history specifying quality and quantity
of food/nutrient intake per day
–Eating/ feeding habits/ practices
Developmental assessments of infants,
toddlers, and preschoolers – e.g., Metro
Manila
4. Risk factor assessment indicating presence
of major and contributing modifiable risk
factors for specific lifestyles, cigarette
smoking, elevated blood lipids, obesity,
 diabetes mellitus, inadequate fiber intake, health tasks
•
stress, alcohol drinking and other substance Statements on family health nursing problem:
abuse c.Inability to recognize the presence of the
5. Physical assessment condition or
indicating presence of illness problem
state/s d.Inability to make decisions with respect to
6. Results of laboratory/ taking
diagnostic and other appropriate health action
e.Inability to provide adequate nursing care to the
screening procedures
sick,
supportive of assessment
disabled , dependent or vulnerable member of
findings
the
Values, Habits, Practices on Health family
Promotion, Maintenance and Disease f.Inability to provide a home environment
Prevention. conducive to
3.Immunization status of family members health maintenance or personal development
4.Healthy lifestyle practices. Specify. g.Failure to utilize community resourcesfor
5. Adequacy of: health care
–rest and sleep
Scale for Ranking Health
–exercise
Conditions and Problems according
–use of protective measures- e.g. adequate
footwear in parasite-infested areas; to priorities
–relaxation and other stress management •Criteria:
activities
6.Useof promotive-preventive health b.Nature of the condition or problem presented
services
( wellness state, health deficit,health threat,
A TYPOLOGY OF NURSING forseeable crisis)
PROBLEMS IN FAMILY NURSING b. Modifiability of the condition or problem
PRACTICE
( easily, partially, not modifiable)
FIRST-LEVEL ASSESSMENT
Presence of Wellness Condition – stated as c. Preventive Potential (high, moderate , low)
Potential or Readiness- a clinical or nursing
d. Salience ( needs immediate attention, not
judgment about a client in transition from a
immediate, not perceived as a problem
specific level of wellness or capability to a
COMMUNITY HEALTH CARE
higher level. Wellness potential is a nursing PROCESS
judgment on wellness state or condition based •Assessment
on client’s performance, current competencies Purpose : To identify the health needs of the
or clinical data but no explicit expression of people
client desire. Readiness for enhanced •Planning of nursing actions
wellness state is a nursing judgment on Purpose :To act on the determined needs of the
wellness state or condition based on client’s community people
current competencies or performance, clinical •Implementation
data explicit expression of desire to achieve a Purpose : To achieve the optimum level of
higher level of state or function in specific area health of
on health promotion and maintenance. the community people
•Evaluation
Second Level Assessment Purpose : To determine the effectiveness of
•
Focus on determining family’s capacity to health care
perform the programs

NURSING PROCEDURES
•CLINIC VISIT
- process of checking the client’s health
condition in a medical clinic
•HOME VISIT
- a professional face to face contact made by
the nurse with a patient or the family to
provide necessary health care activities
and to further attain the objectives of the
agency
•BAG TECHNIQUE
-a tool making of the public health bag
through which the nurse during the home
visit can perform nursing procedures with
ease and deftness saving time and effort
THERMOMETER TECHNIQUE
-to assess the client’s health condition
through body temperature reading
•NURSING CARE IN THE HOME
- giving to the individual patient the nursing
care required by his/her specific illness or
trauma to help him/her reach a level of
functioning at which he/she can maintain
himself/herself or die peacefully in dignity
•ISOLATION TECHNIQUE IN THE HOME
-done by :
1.separating the articles used by a client
with communicable disease to prevent the
spread of infection:
2. frequent washing and airing of beddings
and other articles and disinfections of room
3. wearing a protective gown , to be used only
within the room of the sick member
4. discarding properly all nasal and throat
discharges of any member sick with
communicable disease
5. burning all soiled articles if could be or
contaminated articles be boiled first in
water 30 minutes before laundering
•INTRAVENOUS THERAPY
-insertion of a needle or catheter into a
vein to provide medication and fluids
based on physician’s written prescription
- can be done only by nurses accredited by
ANSAP
PRINCIPLES OF HEALTH
EDUCATION
•It considers the health status of the
people, which is determined by the
economic and social conscience of the
country.
•It is a process whereby people learn to
improve their personal habits and
attitudes, to work responsibly for the
improvement of health conditions of the
family, community, and nation.
•It involves motivation, experience,
and change in conduct and thinking,
while stimulating active interest. It
develops and provides experience
for change in people’s attitudes,
customs, and habits in relation to
health and everyday living.
•It should be recognized as the basic
function of all health workers.
•It takes place in the home, in the
school, and in the community.
•It is a cooperative effort requiring
all categories of health
personnel to work together in
close teamwork with families,
groups, and the community.
It meets the needs, interests,
and problems of the people
affected.
•It finds means and ways of
carrying out plans by
encouraging individual and
community participation.
•It is a slow, continuous
process that involves
constant changes and
revisions until objectives are
achieved.
•Makes use of supplementaryaids and devices to
help withthe verbal instructions.
•It utilizes community resources by
careful evaluation of the different
 services and resources found in the
community.
•It is a creative process requiring
methods and techniques with
various characteristics, not following
a rigid and flexible pattern.
•It aims to help people make use of
their own efforts and education to
improve their conditions of living,
•It makes careful evaluation of the
planning, organization, and
implementation of all health
education programs and activities.
THE COMMUNITY HEALTH
NURSE
•Qualifications
1.Bachelor of Science in
Nursing
2.Registered Nurse of the
Philippines
•Planner/Programmer
2.Identifies needs, priorities, and problems of
individuals, families, and communities
3.Formulates municipal health plan in the
absence
of a medical doctor
4.Interprets and implements nursing plan, program
policies, memoranda, and circular for the
concerned staff personnel
5.Provides technical assistance to rural health
midwives in health matters
•Provider of Nursing
Care
2.Provides direct nursing care to sick ordisabled in
the home, clinic, school, orworkplace
3.Develops the family’s capability to take
care of the sick, disabled, or
dependent member
•Manager/Supervisor
2.Formulates individual, family, group, and
community-centered plan
3.Interprets and implements programs,
policies, memoranda, and circulars
4.Organizes work force, resources,
equipments, and supplies at local level
5.Provides technical and administrative
support to Rural Health Midwives (RHM)
6.Conducts regular supervisory visits and
meetings to different RHMs and gives
feedback on accomplishments
•Community Organizer
2. Motivates and enhances community participation
in terms of planning, organizing, implementing,
and evaluating health services
3. Initiates and participates in community
development activities
•Coordinator of Services
2. Coordinates with individuals, families, and groups
for health related services provided by
various members of the health
team
3. Coordinates nursing program with
other health programs like
environmental sanitation, health
education, dental health
•Trainer/Health Educator
2.Identifies and interprets training needsof the
RHMs, Barangay Health Workers(BHW), and
hilots
3.Conducts training for RHMs and hilots
on promotion and disease prevention
4.Conducts pre and post-consultation
conferences for clinic clients; acts as a
resource speaker on health and health-
related services
5.Initiates the use of tri-media (radio/TV,cinema
plugs, and print ads) for healtheducation
purposes
6.Conducts pre-marital counseling
•Health Monitor
2.Detects deviation from health
of individuals, families,
groups, and communities
through contacts/visits with
them
•Role Model
2.Provides good
example of healthful
living to the
members of the
community
 •Change Agent
2.Motivates changes in health
behavior in individuals,
families, groups, and
communities that also
include lifestyle in order to
promote and maintain health