Site Selection of Major Facilities
Height of Dam - earthen dams are usually not
Site selection - indicates the practice of new facility
location, both for business and government. Site
selection involves measuring the needs of a new
project against the merits of potential locations.
Major Facilities in WRE:
• Water Source Facilities
• Wastewater and Water Treatment Facilities
• Water Distribution Facilities
Water Source Facility (Dam)
Factors to consider in site selection of a dam:
1. Topography:
• A narrow U-shaped valley flowing between
high rocky walls would suggest a concrete
dam.
• A low-rolling plane country would suggest an
earth fill dam.
• A narrow V-shaped valley indicates choice of
an arch dam.
2. Geology and Foundation Conditions - the
foundation strata should be strong enough to carry
the weight of dam. Hence the dam site must be
surveyed by geologists so as to detect the thickness
of foundation strata, presence of faults, fissured
material etc.
3. Availability of Materials - in order to achieve
economy in the dam, the materials required for its
construction must be available locally at short
distance from the construction site.
4. Spillway Size and Location - the cost of
constructing a separate spillway may be enormous.
In such cases combining the spillway and dam into
one structure may be desirable.
5. Earthquake Zone - if dam is located in earthquake
zone, its design must include the earthquake forces.
6.
provided for height more than 30 meter. Hence for
greater height, gravity dams are generally preferred.
Wastewater/Water Treatment Facilities
Factors to consider in site selection of water
treatment facility:
1. Slope
2. Soil Texture
3. Land Use
4. Distance From Major and Minor Roads
5. Relative Relief of the City
6. Distance From the City
7. Vegetation
8. Environmental Impact Assessment
Philippine Clean Water Act of 2004 (Republic Act
9275) - One objective of the Clean Water Act is to
formulate a holistic national program of water
quality management that recognizes that water
quality management issues cannot be separated
from concerns about water sources and ecological
protection, water supply, public health and quality
of life. (Sec. 2, c)
Water Distribution Facilities
The distribution pipes are generally laid
below the road pavements, and as such their
layouts generally follow the layouts of roads.
A water distribution system is the physical
works that deliver water from the water source to
the intended end point or user. It is designed to
deliver sufficient water quantity and quality to
meet the requirements of the customer.
Typically, this is achieved by way of pumps
and motors, watermains, service pipes, storage
tanks or reservoirs, and related equipment, in a
closed system under pressure.
Reporter: Rhejean Heart S. Daclitan