12

Chapter III

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

This chapter consists of research design, subject of the study, population

and sampling, data gathering procedure, supplies and materials, tools and

equipment, construction procedure, try-out and revision, construction time frame,

cost of production, research instrument and statistical treatment.

Research Design

Descriptive research design involves the collection of data that will provide

an account or description of individual, groups or situation. Questionnaire or

survey form will be used in determining the Effectiveness of Banana (Musa

acuminta) Peel and Lemon (Citrus limon) Extract Soap.

Experimental research is where a researcher change variables and test the

effects of this variables. It is used to make a soap out of waste product; Banana

Peel.

Experimental Research

The experimental design used in this study is Banana (Musa acuminata)

Peel with Lemon (Citrus limon) Extract as Soap.

 13

Table 1. Research Design Composed of the Dependent, Independent and

Experimental Variables.

VARIABLES DEPENDENT INDEPENDENT EXPERIME

VARIABLES VARIABLES

 Effectiveness of  Effectiveness of  Amount of  Diffe

Banana Peel and Banana Peel and Banana Peel amo
Lemon Extract as Lemon Extract as  Amount of bana
Soap Soap Lemon Extract and
 Assessment  Assessment extra
in terms of: in terms of:
 Color  Color
 Odor  Odor
 Texture  Texture
 Different amount
of Banana Peel
And Lemon
Extract

Subject of the Study

 14

The subject of the study focused on the Effectiveness of Banana (Musa

acuminata) Peel with Lemon (Citrus limon) Extract as Soap. The assessment on

physical properties and effectiveness of the soap will also be considered.

Sampling Design

The researchers used purposive sampling to get 30 respondents (20

students and 10 teachers). The researchers give questionnaire to the respondent

to identify the effect of banana peel and lemon extract as soap to the body.

Data Gathering Procedure

This study was formulated through giving ideas by each researcher and

doing research to gather some data. The study formulated were given and

presented to the researchers adviser and was being approved and checked. In

making a product, the researchers provided three different concentrations and the

best concentration was evaluated by the 30 respondents, and assessed the

physical appearance, acceptability and effectiveness of the soap.

Supplies and Materials

 15

The making of Banana Peel soap required different supplies and materials

shows in table 2.

Table 2. Supplies and Materials

Supplies and Materials Quantity

Banana Peel 80 grams

Lemon Extract 40 grams

The table shows the supplies and materials used in making banana peel

with lemon extract soap in designated quantity.

Tools and Equipment

Table 3.Tools and Equipment

Tools Quantity

Grinder 1
Plastic Molder 3
Weighing Scale 1
Table Spoon 1
Pot 1
 16

Plastic/ Glass Container 2

Knife 1

The table shows the tools and equipment used in making a soap with the
designated quantity

Special Techniques and Procedure/Research Procedure

1. Prepare all the materials that are needed such as Banana peel, Lemon

petals, Oils (olive oil, coconut and palm oil), pot, plastic moulder, weighing

scale, lye, water, plastic container and tablespoon.

2. Grind the banana peels and extract the lemon.

3. Mix all the oil (3 tablespoon each) on a plastic container.

4. Put 10 tablespoon of water on a separate plastic container and then put a

1 ½ tablespoon lye on the container then add the mixture of the three oils.

5. Add the banana peel and lemon extract in the mixture.

6. Stir it until it thick.

7. Pour into the moulder and let it mould for 1-2 days.

Preparing Grinding

Stirring Mixing
 17

Molding

Figure 2. Flow Chart Methodology

Cost of Production

Table 4. Cost of Production

Quantity Unit Description Unit Cost ( Php )

40 Grams Lemon Extract P20.00

50 Grams Oils ( coconut, P100.00

palm oil, olive oil)

Total P 110.00

Table 4 shows the cost of the material and quantity in making soap from the

Banana Peel and Lemon Extract soap.

Construction Time Frame

 18

The process and procedures in making banana peel soap with the

construction time frame will depict in the given table.

Table 5. Construction Time Frame

Months

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13

Planning

Writing
Chapter 1

Researching

RRL/RRS

Writing

Methodology

Canvassing for
materials needed
Testing

Product Making

Testing the
Product / Survey

Total of months 13 Months

 19

Research Instrument

The instrument used as a researcher made questionnaire to gather the

needed data for the study. The main purpose of the researcher and the

questionnaire was to determine the Effectiveness of (Musa acuminata) Peel and

Lemon (Citrus limon) extract as soap and the acceptability regarding it’s color,

texture and odor.