OFFSHORE ENERGY

with permission from Statoil ASA, Photo: Øyvind Gravås

THE FUTURE’S FLOATING

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Friends of Floating Offshore Wind, March 2018
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 Executive Summary

We are at the dawn of a global offshore wind era when floating offshore wind is going to see
tremendous growth rates, especially for first movers and established technology providers
from related fields.

Floating Offshore Wind is on the pathway to become commercially competitive with other
forms of electricity generation and has the potential to also reduce the generation cost of
bottom-fixed offshore wind. This creates a new market with the associated supply chain,
employment and export opportunities from which first movers and those with experience in
related fields such as offshore oil and gas or maritime will benefit most.

Floating Offshore Wind technologies that have been demonstrated need to be developed
further to commercial realisation in pilot and pre-commercial projects. New concepts and
innovations need to be developed further to enable a healthy competition in the market and
to allow the diversification of technologies for different markets to meet with different ambient
conditions.

The local Gross Value Added (GVA) impact of supporting floating offshore wind exceeds the
support that goes into pre-commercial projects: 397 M£ local GVA result from a 351 M£
support for a pre-commercial array. Commercial scale projects create a GVA in excess of 1.7
B£ without the need for any support. Although the GVA of pilot projects will not exceed the
support required, it will still amount to over 60% of the support, and more importantly enable
the supply chain to gain significant experience which can be applied to future export markets.

The cost reductions achievable with floating offshore wind are significant as the technology
will benefit from both cost reductions observed in fixed offshore wind as well as economies of
scale in the production of substructures. Between demonstrator and pilot array projects
Statoil, with the most mature floating offshore wind technology, Hywind, observed a cost
reduction of 70%i, and expects to arrive at LCOE of 40-60€/MWhii by 2030. This is
consistentwith most technology developer’s expectations.

Similar to bottom fixed offshore wind, floating wind has synergies with the Oil and Gas
industry which has been successful in introducing floating technology to the hydrocarbon
sector. There are many technology synergies which could be migrated across from areas such
as design, fabrications and installation of platforms, mooring and anchor systems. Given the
challenging oil and gas sector, floating wind offers a viable parallel market for industry
expertise to be diversified in these challenging times and safeguard UK jobs and in some
areas an export opportunity.

The ability of the UK to leverage its existing expertise from the offshore hydrocarbon sector
has been key in establishing its success as a leader in fixed bottom offshore wind which has
resulted in UK being the global leader in 2018. While countries such as Japan, France and the
United States all have keen interests in developing floating wind, they lack either an
established offshore hydrocarbon sector or an offshore wind industry which in essence may
impede its rate of technology development and in turn its cost reduction potential. Hence in
this lies the global export opportunity for the UK in the export of its knowledge, innovation
and expertise to these nations which could be realised in similar delivery services to that
experience by the UK Oil and Gas Sector.

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As a result, the Friends of Floating Offshore Wind believe that the technology and industry
meet the triple test set out as part of the clean growth strategy as it clearly offers carbon
emission reduction potential, a clear cost reduction pathway as well as offering an opportunity
in global export markets.

Based on this, the Friends of Floating Offshore Wind request a strong policy
commitment and the opportunity to discuss establishing a suitable route to market.

Policy Commitment

The Friends of Floating Offshore Wind suggest that, as an industry, we set a target of 1 GW
floating offshore wind by 2025 and 5 GW by 2030 to achieve economies of scale necessary to
become commercially competitive. These capacities would include a range of pilot, pre-
commercial and commercial projects at various stages of development, construction and
operation by the stated dates. This would be a modest contribution to the targets set out by
the entire offshore industry to deliver 30GW by 2030 and 50GW by 2050 iii.

To achieve this, we ask the UK Government and devolved administrations to commit to

providing a route to market for floating offshore wind. The certainty of this would give
investors the confidence to invest in project development, diversification of existing products
and services and in development of new products and services.

Route to Market

The Route to Market should include a support system for a limited number of pre-commercial
arrays (e.g. 3x) and pilot projects (e.g. 3x) to enable the development of innovation, without
competing with more mature and established technology in CfD tenders. The shape and form
of the support should be discussed to meet with policy plans and expectations of
taxpayers/rate payers.

One starting point could be the provision of innovation PPAs that allow the direct sale of the
electricity generated from these innovations to commercial consumers which in turn could
receive tax breaks for the support provided (also described in RenewableUK’s consultation
response to the BEIS Green Paper: Building our Industrial Strategy)iv.

The Friends of Floating Offshore Wind also request that floating offshore wind is
fully included and considered in the negotiations for a Sector Deal for offshore wind.

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Friends of Floating Offshore Wind, March 2018
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 The Principle

Barge
Barge type floating substructures balance
the hydrodynamic and wind turbine loads
against buoyancy of the floater which is
held in place by catenary mooring. As with
all other types, electricity is exported
through a flexible (‘dynamic’) cable that is
interfaced with a static cable on the seabed
or directly with the next turbine location.
Barges are shallow in draft and can be
made from concrete or steel. A first
demonstrator based on this concept is
ready to be commissioned in France, a
second under construction in Japan.
Spar
Spar type structures are slender cylindrical
structures which keep the center of
buoyancy over the center of gravity in a
long slender column that offers little
resistance to wave loads thus making a
simple geometry with good stability. Spars
can be made from concrete and steel, are
moored with catenary moorings and can be
constrained by their deep draft. The
Hywind spar concept demonstrator been
operated in Norway and a first pilot project
is operational in Scotland.

Semi-Submersible
Semi-submersible substructures consist of
several buoyancy tanks that are connected
with horizontal or lattice members thus
providing the buoyancy to balance the
hydrodynamic and wind turbine loads. For
greater compactness, some concepts use
active ballasting. Semi-submersibles are
shallow in draft and can be made from
concrete or steel and are held in place by
catenary moorings. This concept was
demonstrated with the WindFloat project
off Portugal.
Tension Leg
Tension leg substructures are semi-
submerged buoyant structures, anchored
to the seabed with tensioned mooring lines.
The shallow draft and tension stability
allows for a smaller and lighter structure
but increases stresses on the tendon and
anchor system. There are several concepts
under development which have been tank
tested.

Floating offshore wind technologies that have been demonstrated need to be developed
further to commercial realisation in pilot and pre-commercial projects. New concepts and
innovations need to be developed further to enable a healthy competition in the market and
to allow the diversification of technologies for different markets to meet with different ambient
conditions.

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Constraint mapping for offshore wind

water depth: yellow: 0-25 m, green: 25-60 m, turquoise:>60m

other seabed uses: planned/exisiting offshore wind farms, oil & gas infrastructure (platforms, pipelines, shipping
routes, environmental protection areas.

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 The Opportunity
Shortage of offshore space
Areas suitable for the deployment of
offshore wind turbines based on bottom-
fixed foundations are not only constrained
by water depth but also from numerous
other factors: visibility from shore,
fisheries, shipping lanes and -routes,
oil&gas extraction infrastructure etc. With
all these constraints, it will become
increasingly difficult to develop sufficient
generation capacity to meet the ambitions
of the UK.
Cost reduction
Floating Offshore Wind has the potential for
cost reduction and ability to become cost
competitive with other forms of electricity
generation. Additional floating capacity will
make both floating and bottom-fixed
offshore wind cheaper through scale
effects.
Scale effects in terms of capacity per unit
but also in terms of number of units
combined with bottom-fixed offshore wind
are bound to drive cost down. The analysis
by Dutch TKIv to identify the drivers of cost
reduction in offshore wind farms illustrates
that almost all cost reduction factors are
applicable to floating offshore wind.
Floating substructures can go into the
areas with the best wind resource, largely
independent of soil conditions or water
depth. Higher wind resource further out at
sea leads to higher capacity factors and
less time without wind generation- less
need for balancing power which again
reduces the generation cost for the
consumer.
The US Bureau of Ocean Energy
Management modelled the development of
the Levelised Cost of Electricity (LCOE) for
floating offshore wind structures and came
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to the conclusion that floating breaks even
with bottom fixed offshore wind around
2027vi.
Between the realisation of the Hywind
Karmøy and Hywind Scotland, Statoil
observed a cost reduction of 70% vii and
expects to arrive at LCOE of 40-60€/MWhviii
by 2030 with the next stage of commercial
deployment of the technology.
Local employment and revenues
The Kincardine project plans to utilise
concrete floating substructures that would
be built in the Kishorn dry dock where 200
jobs will be createdix. Ideol estimates that
for the construction of a 500 MW
commercial scale offshore wind farm based
on concrete substructures, some 2000 jobs
are created for the duration of the
construction works.
Besides direct employment, the additional
generation of jobs and revenues from
suppliers and ancilliary local services have
a significant local impact.
Sector diversification
The UK is uniquely positioned to make use
of its experience as a shipbuilding nation
and from the construction and operation of
oil and gas facilities in the North Sea
Floating offshore wind shares a lot of the
supply chain with offshore oil & gas
exploitation. Growth in floating offshore
wind would bring new, and less volatile,
market opportunities to areas most
affected by the downturn in oil & gas world
market prices and resulting job losses.
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Export Opportunities
In their 2017 Energy Outlookx, BP has
stated that renewables will be the fastest-
growing energy source over the next 20
years, with an average annual expansion of
7%, resulting in a quadrupling of supply by
2035. The transition to low-carbon
technologies is progressing around the
world.
Worldwide, governments are looking at the
astonishing rate of cost decrease of
offshore wind electricity generation evident
form the tenders in the last 2 years:
Borssele I-IV (Netherlands), Danish
Nearshore project, German ‘zero subsidy’
tenders and, most recently UK projects at
57.5 £/MWh. In combination with the drive
towards reducing climate gas emissions
following the Paris agreement, these
governments now want to utilise this
carbon-neutral, high capacity factor and
cost-efficient technology around their
coasts, however many countries have only
limited areas of shallow water for this.
Floating offshore wind will open up these
markets and increase the demand for
production capacity of offshore wind adding
to the cost reduction.
taken from: WindEurope Floating Wind Vision
Statementxi
The technical potential above illustrates
that the potential for floating offshore wind
is a multiple of the potential in shallow
waters.
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We are at the dawn of a global offshore
wind era when floating offshore wind is
going to see tremendous growth rates,
especially for first movers and established
technology providers from related fields.
In April 2017, Renewable UK published a
report entitled “Export Nation: A Year in UK
Wind, Wave and Tidal Exports.”xii The
report was based on a sample of 36 UK-
based companies who exported goods and
services to 43 countries in 2016. The
contracts ranged in value from £50,000 to
£30 million – typically they were worth
£1m to £5m. Offshore wind contracts were
secured in 18 countries.
The 2016 contracts in offshore wind
highlighted in the Renewable UK report
cover a variety of goods and services,
including:
• Installing offshore wind turbines and
underwater power cables.
• Inspecting and maintaining offshore
wind farms.
• Providing helicopters, crew and vessels
for the offshore wind sector.
• Developing wave and tidal energy
projects and providing components for
the marine energy industry.
• Conducting geological surveys, weather
forecasting, monitoring wildlife.
• Providing financial and legal services.
These services would be of relevance to
floating offshore wind as well, but in
addition to this, the opportunities in the Oil
& Gas supply chain need to be taken into
consideration.
Over the next decade offshore wind is
forecast to bring in substantial investment
into the UKxiii. This will allow UK companies
to build on their current experience and
provide ample opportunities to export
goods and services. A successful UK
floating offshore wind industry will be able
to take advantage of these opportunities,
many of which overlap with fixed base
solutions.
Case Example: Dounreay Trí
Global Energy’s Nigg yard in the Highlands
holds contracts for the majority of fabrication
and final assembly work on the Hexicon
floating substructure that was intended to be
installed at the Dounreay Trí site in
Caithness. Global Energy is an example of
successful diversification from oil & gas to
renewables. Certainty over the development
of floating offshore wind will provide the
confidence required to invest and secure jobs
in an area which is greatly affected by the
downturn in oil & gas world market prices and
European fields coming towards the end of
their lifetime.

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Floating means MORE Wind With several concepts, major component
exchange can be done cheaper at quayside
Offshore wind has seen dramatic drop of without specialist lift vessels, smaller loss
generation cost in the recent European of revenue in mobilisation period
tender rounds. This has to a large part
become possible by increasing maturity Environmental advantages
(building investor confidence and reducing
Drag embedment anchors, suction
contingency margins) and increasing scale
anchors, drilled pin piles etc. for moorings
of wind turbine capacities to 12-15 MW by
can be installed without noisy piling
2024xiv.
operations.
The size of floating substructures increases
Distance to shore can be chosen to meet
slower than wind turbine capacity/size and
with visual and environmental impact
can meet wind turbine capacity increase
requirements, independent from water
without significant additional cost.
depth thus increasing acceptance
Further cost reductions would be driven
largely by the scale factors in industrialised Clean Growth Strategy Alignment
serial fabrication.
Floating Offshore Wind is well aligned with
Technical Benefits the Clean Growth Strategy, meeting the
triple test set out:
Economics of offshore wind farms improve
1. Carbon Emission Reduction Potential –
with scale- this is equally true for floating
a clean renewable energy source
and bottom-fixed offshore wind farms. But
which can provide improved capacity
with increasing size of wind turbines, there
factors
is a range of problems that lead to
2. Clear Cost Reduction Pathway –
increased cost for bottom-fixed
proven cost reduction between
technologies. In addition to this, there are
demonstrator and pilot array for the
several technical benefits that lead to
most advanced concept, with clear
better acceptance of floating offshore wind.
routes to further reduction, as well as
Installation without heavy-lift the ability to capitalise on the cost
vessels reductions of fixed offshore wind.
3. Global Export Opportunities – The UK
Fewer large vessels are able to lift 800+ t is well placed to benefit from early
nacelles to 120+ m hub height leading to experience in the industry and
price increase for installation of 12-15 MW existing related businesses (oil&gas,
wind turbines on traditional foundations. shipbuilding) that can diversify to
delivergoods and services to the
Installation lifts of very large components
industry worldwide.
are more weather susceptible adding to the
increase of installation cost for next
generation wind turbines.

Most floating concepts can be installed with

cheaper land-based installation cranes,
avoiding the cost of specialist vessels and
which are less weather dependent and
have lower HSE risks.

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 Floating Offshore Wind
Ticks the Boxes

“The dramatic reduction in the

cost of offshore wind is an
example of how business
innovation supported through
effective market design and
industrialisation has helped us
build an industry. With the move
into development of larger Round
3 projects and the prospect of
Round 4 being reviewed by The
Crown Estates it is imperative that
the UK continues to build on its
foundations of industry success to
fully capitalise on this growing
industrialisation drive, innovation
and fully realise its export
potential and expand its national
growth further.”

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The objective of the Industrial Strategy is
to set out a long-term plan to boost the
productivity and earning power of people
throughout the UK, i.e. building a Britain fit
for the future in creating better, higher-
paying jobs in every part of the UK with
investment in the skills, industries and
infrastructure of the future. The
government has identified 5 foundations
that a sector deal will require to align their
vision for a transformed economy:
• Ideas: the world’s most innovative
economy
• People: good jobs and greater
earning power for all
• Infrastructure: a major upgrade to
the UK’s infrastructure
• Business Environment: the best
place to start and grow a business
• Places: prosperous communities
across the UK
Ideas: Floating offshore wind is
innovative. Further investment in building
this innovative industry is required to
reduce cost and build investor confidence.
Global export opportunities and local
supply chain development pay off this
investment. Offshore wind generation cost
falls and floating offshore wind generation
will fall faster than bottom-fixed offshore
wind generation. This leads to affordable,
clean electricity. In the UK and globally.
People: The basics are there: maritime
competence and suppliers to the oil & gas
sector, both related with floating offshore
wind. Combine the capabilities with an
innovation and the result is a world-leading
sector offering good jobs at good wages.
This needs to be founded on a series of pre-
commercial projects and a visibility
towards a strategy to build commercial
scale floating offshore wind projects in UK
waters.
Infrastructure: Ports and supply chain
infrastructure would be improved in the
course of realisation of pre-commercial and
commercial floating offshore wind projects.
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General infrastructure improvements
further support the revitalisation of
deprived areas.
Business Environment: New businesses
and branches are given a perspective to
develop into a new industry that has global
growth potential. What is needed now is
clear signals and a policy that shows the
path towards commercialisation of the
technology. Offshore wind as well as
oil&gas businesses are international
industries. Investors in large scale
generation assets are international. The
development of a floating offshore wind
industry would lead to increased inward
investment and more international trade.
Places: From ports in remote areas to
suppliers based in industrial areas to
investors based in London: floating
offshore wind provides the opportunity to
create growth across the whole country.
With a route to market for Floating
Offshore Wind, there is an opportunity for
the UK offshore wind industry to utilise the
Industrial Strategy to capitalise on the UK’s
leading knowledge and experience in
floating development, continue to drive
innovation and develop a roadmap to drive
toward commercialisation of Floating
Offshore Wind which in turn would allow
the industry to further diversify and expand
the UK’s supply chain, create local jobs
and open up a further potential export to
emerging markets such as North America
and Asia.
 Pre-Commercial Commercial
Pilot Project
Array Project
Year 2017 2022 2025
WTG Size [MW] 6 8 15
No WTGs 5 12 50
Project Lifetime [yrs] 20 25 30
Outline Subsidy Duration [yrs] 15 15 15
Total Capacity [MW] 30 96 750
Distance From Shore [nm] 9 25 40
Water Depth [m] 80 100 120
CAPEX [M£] 200 540 2,207
Spend OPEX total [M£] 65 198 1,039
Weighted average cost of capital 10% 6% 3%
Capacity Factor 0.48 0.48 0.48
Annual Power Production (MWh) 126,144 403,661 3,153,600
Generation cost [£/MWh] 170.0 110.0 55.0
Average Market Price [£/MWh] 50.0 52.1 56.0
Subsidy Rate Required [£/MWh] 120.0 57.9 -1.0
Total Subsidy over project [M£] 227 351 -47
The project scenarios assumed for the calculation of local Gross Value Added of pilot projects, pre-
commercial arrays and commercial floating offshore wind projects. Costs taken from publicly available
project figures and through agreement between FOFOW members. Average market prices are taken
from National Grid’s Future Energy Scenarios 2017 tables.

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Socio-economic effects
To show the added value in the realisation of floating offshore wind farms in the UK and in
the provision of a route to market, the local Gross Value Added (GVA) can be used as an
indicator. This section describes the calculation of the local Gross Value Added (GVA) for a
pilot project of 30 MW, a pre-commercial array of 96 MW and a commercial project of 750
MW capacity following an independently reviewed methodology. The calculations are not
intended to suggest an exact return in exchange for support, but rather outline the potential.

For the pilot project, it was assumed that
five 6 MW wind turbines would be used
giving a total capacity of 30 MW. For a pre-
commercial array, the number of units
would increase to 12 and the respective
capacity would reflect state of the art in
current machine technology at 8 MW giving
a total capacity of 96 MW. The commercial
array would consist of 50 units at a capacity
of 15 MW which is generally expected to be
state of the art around 2025.
The required feed-in remuneration was
calculated to be 170 £/MWh for the pilot
project, 100-120 £/MWh for the pre-
commercial array and 55 £/MWh for the
commercial scale project. With these
assumptions, the cumulated difference
between generation cost and projected
market rates would be 227 M£, 351 M£ and
-47 M£ for the total lifetime of the project
on the cost side respectively.
To calculate the GVA from the CAPEX and
OPEX, the methodology proposed by the
Crown Estate publicationxv was applied: In
a first stage the CAPEX and OPEX
expenditures are broken down in activities
or components which are then associated
with SIC codes (Standard Industrial
Classification as defined by the UK Office
for National Statistics).
For each SIC code, GVA Effect multipliers
have been collected from most recent
Scottish government statisticsxvi. Not every
SIC code has a multiplier calculated for it,
in that case the best fit SIC with a GVA
multiplier was considered.
In the final step, the local content share of
the respective expenditures was selected.
It should be noted that the local content
share is significantly higher than for
bottom-fixed offshore wind farms for the
components which share the supply chain
with the offshore oil & gas industry:
platform manufacture, mooring systems,
umbilicals/dynamic cables and installation
activities. The tables in Appendix A make
the approach and the individual values
transparent.
As a result, 142 M£ GVA result from a 227
M£ support for a pilot project. The pre-
commercial array would lead to GVA
generation of 398 M£ against a support of
351 M£ and commercial projects create a
GVA of over 1.7B£ without the need for
support.
Commercial scale projects realised outside
UK coastal waters, would create an influx
of revenue through the export of goods and
services which have been qualified in the
course of the realisation of the pilot and
pre-commercial projects in UK.
Local Impact- Global Leadership
As can be seen from the results of the
socio-economic calculations, the local GVA
impact of supporting floating offshore wind
exceeds the support that goes into the pilot
arrays or pre-commercial projects. This is
no surprise for an industrial country where
local supply chain can be mobilised by
diversification from other industries. Even
with projects outside UK territorial waters,
there would be significant local GVA
impacts from specialist services and a
developed supply chain for this new
industry

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 Case Example: Kishorn Dry Dock
In preparation of the construction of
substructures for floating offshore wind
projects in Scotland, the dry dock has
been refurbished after being out of use for
23 years. It is expected that 22 direct jobs
are created in the construction works and
additional employment would be created
in the on-site quarry which is being
operated by supplier Leith. Wester Ross is
an area with little industry and
employment opportunities, therefore, this
is already an improvement to the area.
Visibility over long term strategy may lead
to establishment of additional supply chain
businesses in the area, infrastructure
improvements and greater wealth from
well-paid jobs.

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 What Innovation Needs
TRL 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Basic Technology Experi- Technology Technical Demon- Demon- Pilot Commercial
Priciples Concept mental Validation Validation in stration in stration in Project Deployment
Observed Formulated Proof of in Lab Relevant Relevant Operational
Concept Environment Environment Environment

Standard innovation cycles apply to For the demonstration or proof of concept

floating offshore wind as well: from
inception to feasibility studies, to scale
model tests and on to demonstration
projects and pilot projects until they arrive
at commercial scale deployments. The
diagram above describes this process and
the definitions of Technology Readiness
Level (TRL) as it was developed by NASA:
Currently, several concepts have already
reached the level of scaled tests in wave
tanks or offshore sites (TRL 4-5) and are
moving towards the next step of full scale
demonstrators (TRL 7). A few concepts
have passed the demonstrator stage and
are now looking for pilot and pre-
commercial projects (TRL 8) to become
acceptable for investors and lenders in
commercial projects. Beyond the stage of
pilot projects, concepts need to prove
themselves in a commercial environment
(TRL 9).
stage concepts needs to be realised in a
single unit with wind turbines of sufficient
size to exert representative loads during
representative environmental conditions
over a duration of 1-3 years.
In the pilot and pre-commercial stage, the
main objective is to prove the commercial
side of the concept and to bridge the gap
between demonstrator stage and full scale
commercial deployment to achieve the
confidence of investors and lenders. This
would typically be done with full scale,
state of the art wind turbines over the full
design life of the wind turbines and
typically in a small project of 5-12 units i.e.
a capacity between 25 and 96 MW.

Route to Market: Innovation PPAs

To bridge the gap between demonstration (TRL7) and early stage commercial deployment (TRL9) of
floating offshore wind substructures is a mechanism that works outside the current subsidy regime
with established technologies that are already applied in large numbers and at great scale. For this,
we propose to the UK Government to consider the introduction of Innovation Power Purchase
Agreements (IPPA).

As outlined by Renewable UK in their open response to the consultation on the BEIS Industry Strategy
Green Paper, we agree that the US Production Tax Credit model could be adapted towards an
Innovation PPA where cutting-edge technologies will compete for support via sales of electricity from
companies wanting to support innovation. In this mode, buyers of energy from innovative energy
technologies will receive an inflation-adjusted kWh tax credit at government-set levels that are in
excess of market rates. This would provide a limited support mechanism delivered outside of the Levy
Control Framework (or its successor) which will provide one route to supporting full scale floating
offshore wind demonstrators without additional cost to the electricity consumer. This, with a further
bridging mechanism (also as described by Renewable UK) will enable floating offshore wind to reach
the commercial maturity required to deploy at scale and provide competitive low-cost energy.

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Case Example: Hywind Scotland
The first pre-commercial floating wind turbine
array in UK waters brought contracts for
specialist services to the region: Balfour Beattie-
electrical onshore (Aberdeenshire), Saipem –
heavy lifts, Xodus – EIA, Global Energy Group –
suction anchors at Isleburn yards/Highlands.
Although significant parts of the supply came
from abroad, this underlines that there are
specialist services based in UK that have the
potential to compete in a global environment.
Such specialist services can be developed
further and exported if there is visibility of a long
term strategy in this industry. A lack of such a
vision would lead to more services going to
contractors abroad.

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 Policy Recommendations
A development of a new industrial sector requires two things: clear policy commitment and
transparent support mechanisms along the route to market.
Policy Commitment
The Friends of Floating Offshore Wind
suggest that, as an industry, we set a
target of 1 GW floating offshore wind by
2025 and 5 GW by 2030 to achieve
economies of scale necessary to become
commercially competitive. We ask that UK
Government and the devolved
administrations support this ambition by
committing to providing a route to market.
The certainty of this would give investors
the confidence to invest in project
development, diversification of existing
products and services and in development
of new products and services.
Route to Market
For the Route to Market, a support system
for a limited number of pre-commercial
arrays (e.g. 3 x) and pilot projects (e.g. 3
x) should be established to enable the
development of innovation outside
competing with more mature, established
technologies in CfD tenders. The shape and
form of the support should be discussed to
meet with policy plans and expectations of
taxpayers/rate payers.
In addition, we ask that consideration is
given to ensuring a route to market
through development activities, including
appropriate consenting mechanisms (e.g.
Survey, Deploy & Monitor) and leasing
rounds including floating offshore wind.
One starting point could be the provision of
innovation PPAs that allow the direct sale
of the electricity generated from these
innovations to commercial consumers
which in turn could receive tax breaks for
the support provided (also described in
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RenewableUK’s consultation response to
the BEIS Green Paper: Building our
Industrial Strategy)xvii.
The Friends of Floating Offshore Wind also
request that floating offshore wind is fully
included and considered in the negotiations
for a Sector Deal for offshore wind.
What is the consequence of not
pursuing this option?
Following observations from offshore wind
supply chain reactions under policy
uncertainty in other legislations, it is safe
to assume that only small parts of the UK
supply chain would be able to survive the
wait until the technology is coming back to
the UK to be deployed at commercial scale.
Meanwhile other nations such as Norway
and France are supporting pilot projects
and pre-commercial arrays or prepare the
launch of tender rounds for large
commercial projects at GW scale.
If the technology would not be established
in the UK, there would be:
- No generation of new jobs
- Existing jobs in old technologies
would fall away
- No regeneration of costal /
industrial areas
- Additional cost in social welfare
systems
- No additional tax revenue
- Supply chain for export and UK
projects is not established/
qualified, further commercial scale
projects at GW scale generate no
local (tax) revenue
A development opportunity would be
missed.
 Appendix A – GVA Calculations
In order to assess the potential economic impact three scenarios are considered: a
pilot array project (30MW), a pre-commercial array (96MW) and a commercial
array project (750MW). Initially the Capital Expenditure (CAPEX) and Operational
Expenditure (OPEX) for the projects were broken down to the relevant categories of
work involved in developing, constructing and operating an offshore wind farm.
Pre Commercial
Pilot Array Array Commercial Array
CAPEX £ 200,000,000 £ 540,000,000 £ 2,207,000,000
OPEX total £ 65,000,000 £ 198,000,000 £ 1,039,000,000
% of CAPEX / OPEX Spend Breakdown
Applications and Consenting 0.5% £ 1,000,000 £ 2,700,000 £ 11,035,000
Development

MetOcean Data and Monitoring 0.5% £ 1,000,000 £ 2,700,000 £ 11,035,000

Environmental Surveys 1.0% £ 2,000,000
Physical Surveys 1.0% £ 2,000,000
Design and Feasibility 1.0% £ 2,000,000
Platform Manufacture 35.0% £ 70,000,000
System and BOP
£ 5,400,000 £ 22,070,000
£ 5,400,000 £ 22,070,000
£ 5,400,000 £ 22,070,000
£ 189,000,000 £ 772,450,000

Control System 3.0% £ 6,000,000 £ 16,200,000 £ 66,210,000

WTG 15.0% £ 30,000,000 £ 81,000,000 £ 331,050,000
Spend Breakdown

Moorings 5.0% £ 10,000,000 £ 27,000,000 £ 110,350,000

Onshore Infrastructure 3.0% £ 6,000,000 £ 16,200,000 £ 66,210,000
Electrical Equipment 4.0% £ 8,000,000 £ 21,600,000 £ 88,280,000
Cabling 10.0% £ 20,000,000 £ 54,000,000 £ 220,700,000
Installation

Installation of Moorings 5.0% £ 10,000,000 £ 27,000,000 £ 110,350,000

Installation of Platform 5.0% £ 10,000,000 £ 27,000,000 £ 110,350,000
Installation of Cables 7.0% £ 14,000,000 £ 37,800,000 £ 154,490,000
Port Services 4.0% £ 8,000,000 £ 21,600,000 £ 88,280,000
Land Related 10.0% £ 6,500,000 £ 19,800,000 £ 103,900,000
Insurance 20.0% £ 13,000,000 £ 39,600,000 £ 207,800,000
O&M

Grid Charges 20.0% £ 13,000,000 £ 39,600,000 £ 207,800,000

Maintenance 35.0% £ 22,750,000 £ 69,300,000 £ 363,650,000
Operation 15.0% £ 9,750,000 £ 29,700,000 £ 155,850,000
100% 100% £ 265,000,000 £ 738,000,000 £ 3,246,000,000

The activity categories were then assigned the most relevant SIC (Standard
Industrial Classification) code. This was done as The Scottish Government publishes
a list of GVA (Gross Value Added) multipliers for each SIC code, showing the total
GVA effect of money spent in each industrial category.

These multipliers were used to assess the total economic impact of the projects by
GVA as shown in the table below.

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 Pre Commercial
Pilot Array Array Commercial Array
GVA
SIC Code Total GVA
Effect
Applications and Consenting 74 1 £ 1,000,000 £ 2,700,000 £ 11,035,000
Development MetOcean Data and Monitoring 74 1 £ 1,000,000 £ 2,700,000 £ 11,035,000
Environmental Surveys 74 1 £ 2,000,000 £ 5,400,000 £ 22,070,000
Physical Surveys 71 0.9 £ 1,800,000 £ 4,860,000 £ 19,863,000
Design and Feasibility 71 0.9 £ 1,800,000 £ 4,860,000 £ 19,863,000
Platform Manufacture 25.9 0.8 £ 56,000,000 £ 151,200,000 £ 617,960,000
System and BOP

Control System 26.1 0.7 £ 4,200,000 £ 11,340,000 £ 46,347,000

WTG 28.1 0.7 £ 21,000,000 £ 56,700,000 £ 231,735,000
GVA Calculation

Moorings 25.1 0.8 £ 8,000,000 £ 21,600,000 £ 88,280,000

Onshore Infrastructure 71 0.9 £ 5,400,000 £ 14,580,000 £ 59,589,000
Electrical Equipment 26.1 0.7 £ 5,600,000 £ 15,120,000 £ 61,796,000
Cabling 27.3 0.7 £ 14,000,000 £ 37,800,000 £ 154,490,000
Installation

Installation of Moorings 41/42/43 0.8 £ 8,000,000 £ 21,600,000 £ 88,280,000

Installation of Platform 41/42/43 0.8 £ 8,000,000 £ 21,600,000 £ 88,280,000
Installation of Cables 41/42/43 0.8 £ 11,200,000 £ 30,240,000 £ 123,592,000
Port Services 52 0.9 £ 7,200,000 £ 19,440,000 £ 79,452,000
Land Related 77.3 0.8 £ 5,200,000 £ 15,840,000 £ 83,120,000
Insurance 65 0.7 £ 9,100,000 £ 27,720,000 £ 145,460,000
O&M

Grid Charges 35.1 0.6 £ 7,800,000 £ 23,760,000 £ 124,680,000

Maintenance 41/42/43 0.8 £ 18,200,000 £ 55,440,000 £ 290,920,000
Operation 71 0.9 £ 8,775,000 £ 26,730,000 £ 140,265,000
£ 205,275,000 £ 571,230,000 £ 2,508,112,000

Finally, an assessment was made of the likely percentage of local (UK) content for
each activity, which when multiplied by the total GVA provides the contribution of
the projects to the UK economy. This can then be compared to the cost of
subsidising the project in the UK.
Pre Commercial
% Local Content Pilot Array Array Commercial Array
Total GVA
Applications and Consenting 100.0% £ 1,000,000 £ 2,700,000 £ 11,035,000
Development

MetOcean Data and Monitoring 90.0% £ 900,000 £ 2,430,000 £ 9,931,500

Environmental Surveys 80.0% £ 1,600,000 £ 4,320,000 £ 17,656,000
Physical Surveys 60.0% £ 1,080,000 £ 2,916,000 £ 11,917,800
Design and Feasibility 70.0% £ 1,260,000 £ 3,402,000 £ 13,904,100
Platform Manufacture 75.0% £ 42,000,000 £ 113,400,000 £ 463,470,000
System and BOP

Control System 60.0% £ 2,520,000 £ 6,804,000 £ 27,808,200

Local (UK) GVA Calculation

WTG 35.0% £ 7,350,000 £ 19,845,000 £ 81,107,250

Moorings 80.0% £ 6,400,000 £ 17,280,000 £ 70,624,000
Onshore Infrastructure 80.0% £ 4,320,000 £ 11,664,000 £ 47,671,200
Electrical Equipment 50.0% £ 2,800,000 £ 7,560,000 £ 30,898,000
Cabling 60.0% £ 8,400,000 £ 22,680,000 £ 92,694,000
Installation

Installation of Moorings 70.0% £ 5,600,000 £ 15,120,000 £ 61,796,000

Installation of Platform 70.0% £ 5,600,000 £ 15,120,000 £ 61,796,000
Installation of Cables 65.0% £ 7,280,000 £ 19,656,000 £ 80,334,800
Port Services 100.0% £ 7,200,000 £ 19,440,000 £ 79,452,000
Land Related 100.0% £ 5,200,000 £ 15,840,000 £ 83,120,000
Insurance 50.0% £ 4,550,000 £ 13,860,000 £ 72,730,000
O&M

Grid Charges 100.0% £ 7,800,000 £ 23,760,000 £ 124,680,000

Maintenance 70.0% £ 12,740,000 £ 38,808,000 £ 203,644,000
Operation 80.0% £ 7,020,000 £ 21,384,000 £ 112,212,000
Total GVA Effect £ 142,620,000 £ 397,989,000 £ 1,758,481,850

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Friends of Floating Offshore Wind

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Friends of Floating Offshore Wind • The components and services associated
are a representative group of companies with floating offshore wind will be
with deep insights and strong interest in required in applications all over the
the development of the floating offshore world to supply low-carbon electricity to
wind market to create a route to market for counties with sufficient water depths
floating offshore wind which enables creating export and revenue
commercialisation of the technology. opportunities in those countries where
the technology and supply chain has
Members consist of technology developers, been established first.
project developers, engineering
consultants, suppliers and contractors. Our Objectives
The organisation is directed by an elected
➢ raise the profile of floating offshore
committee of four of its members, (a Chair
wind,
and three supporting co chairs) who lead
➢ define the support requirements
activities on behalf of its members. The
➢ commercialisation of the floating wind
organisation does not operate under a
industry
member’s fees basic but on a voluntary
support structure which relies on its There are common challenges faced by
members ongoing commitment and floating offshore wind which need to be
support. overcome similar to those experienced by
Fixed Offshore Wind in its early days.
Our Vision Overcoming these hurdles will be
instrumental in ensuring the success on the
The Friends of Floating Offshore Wind are
road to commercialisation.
confident that:
The role of FFOW is to identify these
• Floating offshore wind will become a
challenges and suggest initiatives and
cost-competitive form of low-carbon
mechanisms that will address them to
electricity generation comparable with
facilitate the rapid commercialisation of
other forms of Renewables Energy;
floating wind. The intention is that floating
• Floating offshore wind reduces the
wind competes on an equal footing with
environmental impact of electricity
other low carbon sources of electricity
generation from offshore wind;
generation.
• Floating offshore wind will contribute to
the security of electricity supply with
greater capacity;
• Floating offshore wind offers
unparalleled opportunities for local
supply chain business opportunities and
creation of local jobs;
• The UK / Scotland is uniquely positioned
to make use of its experience as a
shipbuilding nation and from the
construction and operation of oil & gas
facilities in the North Sea;
• Floating offshore wind could facilitate
the conversion of offshore oil & gas skills
and services with reduced impact on
jobs and businesses;

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Who are we?
Driven by our purpose of safeguarding
life, property and the environment,
DNV GL enables organizations to
advance the safety and sustainability
of their business. We provide
classification, technical assurance,
software and independent expert
advisory services to the maritime,
oil & gas and energy industries. We
also provide certification services to
customers across a wide range of
industries.
Combining leading technical and
operational expertise, risk
methodology and in-depth industry
knowledge, we empower our
customers’ decisions and actions with
trust and confidence. We
continuously invest in research and
collaborative innovation to provide
customers and society with
operational and technological
foresight. With origins stretching back
to 1864, DNV GL's reach today is
global. Operating in more than 100
countries, our experts are dedicated to
helping customers make the world
safer, smarter and greener.
Our Solution….
In the energy industry DNV GL
delivers world-renowned testing and
advisory services to the energy value
chain including renewables and
energy efficiency. Our expertise spans
onshore and offshore wind power,
solar, conventional generation,
transmission and distribution, smart
grids, and sustainable energy use, as
well as energy markets and
regulations. Our energy experts
support customers around the globe in
delivering a safe, reliable, efficient,
and sustainable energy supply.
We have for many years supported the
Floating Offshore Wind industry, from
the development of technical
standards to certification and advisory
services. DNV GL is committed to the
development of Floating Offshore
Wind and provides support to the
many various industry stakeholders.

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Who are we?
Ideol, based in La Ciotat (France), was
created in 2010 with the aim of Our Solution….
developing both technically and
➢ An industry-transforming and
economically viable floating foun- patented “Damping Pool®” design
dation solutions for the offshore wind manufacturable both in steel or
industry. Benefiting from the concrete; concrete being
experience and know-how of a fully substantially more cost-efficient in
integrated team of over 60 experts most geographies.
and engineers coming from the ➢ The highest level of direct local
offshore oil & gas and renewables employment (2000+ construction
industries, the company is currently jobs for a 500 MW wind farm) of
working on several projects across the any floating technology with a
globe including the EU-funded 2 MW proven track-record of high local
supply-chain integration for all
demonstrator off the Brittany coast
other components and services.
(the FLOATGEN project inaugurated in
➢ Compatible with all existing
October 2017), Japan’s last floating
offshore wind turbines and by far
offshore wind demonstrator scheduled the most compact (and thus easily
for commissioning in 2018, the French buildable and launchable) when
Mediterranean’s first floating offshore fitted with tomorrow’s XXL offshore
wind farm as well as a pipeline of wind turbines.
commercial-scale projects in and outside of Europe, ➢ Does not require major investments
positioning Ideol as a leader in this booming in new shipyard or harbour
market. infrastructures
➢ The most cost-competitive and
versatile solution, allowing for the
development of projects in shallow
waters (30m+) confronted with
poor seabed conditions.

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Who are we?
GICON is an incorporated group of independent
engineering and consulting companies. The group
operates under the registered trademark GICON®.
GICON’s headquarter is in Dresden, Germany.
Office locations throughout Germany provide
services close to our German clients. Beyond
Germany, GICON is also engaged internationally
and has offices in various European and Asian
locations as well as in the Americas.
Services provided by the GICON group are
consulting & engineering, research and
development and plant construction. Consulting &
engineering is provided in the areas of business
system planning, environmental / permit
applications, energy technology, soil and water
management, and technical IT for a variety of
industrial sectors.
In cooperation with many national and international
research institutes, comprehensive research
services are provided to ensure the necessary
innovation for GICON as well as for our customers
and to be involved in setting state of the art
technology standards. The spectrum extends up to
our own technology developments. Being involved
in the development and engineering of more than
30 GW offshore and onshore wind farms GICON
has a broad experience in this field.
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Our Solution….
GICON’s tension leg platform development
provides a floating substructure (for offshore wind
turbines which can be deployed in water depths of
50-350 meters (6-10MW wind turbines) while
achieving LCOE (Levelized Cost of Energy) below
10€cent/kWh. This makes GICON one of the global
development leaders for floating offshore wind
substructures. The R&D project started in 2009 and
includes renowned partners such as TU
Bergakademie Freiberg (Freiberg Technical
University and Mining Academy), Rostock
University and Fraunhofer IWES. Based on
extensive and successfully conducted tank tests.
One main focus of GICON is on the flexibility within
the supply chain to reduce significantly the CAPEX
for the TLP. Especially with regard to this, the
modularity of the substructure - assembled out of
steel reinforced ultra-high performance concrete
pipes and cased steel nodes – is very high; a
reduction of the LCOE down to 5€cent/kWh could
be achieved.

Who are we?
SBM Offshore is a leading global contractor,
providing floating production solutions and
mooring systems to the offshore energy
industry, over the full product life-cycle. The
company is recognized in the industry as a
key technology pioneer. Our main activities
are the design, supply, installation, operation
and the life extension of Floating Production,
Storage and Offloading (FPSO) vessels. This
extensive experience is being leveraged for
the Company’s Renewable Energy solutions,
which we have been developing for more
than a decade now.
At present our main focus in the domain of
Renewable Energy is on solutions for floating
wind and wave energy conversion.
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Our Solution….
An innovative floating structure that
addresses the specific requirements and
constraints of offshore wind turbines, in
particular:
Exceptional Performance with limited nacelle
motions & light weight, and a solution
designed for industrialization with a flexible
and supply chain based fabrication /
assembly through modularity
SBM Offshore has been selected by EDF
Energies Nouvelles to provide its proprietary
floating wind solution (supporting 8 MW
wind turbines) for a pilot project to be
installed in the Mediterranean Sea.
Who are we?
Our Solution….
• The world’s leading marine renewable
energy developer • Development, funding and
• Owner and developer of the world’s realisation of offshore energy
first commercial scale tidal array - projects
MeyGen • Clear transfer of labour, facilities and
• Currently 40+ UK based FTEs and knowledge from the depressed
further plans for expansion North Sea oil and gas sector
• Global presence with offices projects • The ability to bring together
throughout Europe, Canada, commercial and innovation funding
Singapore, India, China and Indonesia. to de-risk and deliver early
• Supply of marine power generation, commercial projects.
fixation and subsea power equipment • Long term lease secured at Nigg
worldwide Energy Park for 1800m2 turbine
• Project management, funding, assembly facility
engineering delivery of early
commercial marine energy systems.

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Who are we? Our Solution….

Floating Power Plant (FPP) are the developer of • Comprises concepts from the offshore
a platform for floating offshore wind turbines wind and oil and gas industries to deliver
which integrates wave energy convertors into a highly stable platform
the system. • Is constructed in existing local shipyard
and port facilities, with its modular
FPP have over 2 years of offshore experience design and the use of existing
with their P37 R&D platform which is the only components providing further
wind and wave hybrid platform to have opportunity for high levels of local
delivered compliant power to the grid. content
• Provides a low cost of energy solution in
The company has offices in Scotland, Denmark
areas inaccessible or operationally
and Norway with a dedicated team of
challenging to other foundation
engineering and project managers working with solutions.
industrial partners, who bring a wealth of • Is easy to install with small, cost effective
relevant industry experience to the vessels while the wave absorbers create
development of the technology. an offshore harbour, improving safety
and accessibility for routine
FPP are currently involved in three projects in
maintenance.
the UK and Ireland which are in the early stages • Integrates the latest commercially
of development and will utilise FPP’s full scale available wind turbines, currently up to
system, the P80. 8MW, with between 2 and 3.6MW of
wave energy capacity depending on the
site resource

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Who are we?
Founded in 1958, Glosten is a 100 person Naval
Architecture and Marine Engineering consultancy
based in Seattle, USA, specializing in the design of
unique, complex floating vessels and platforms
for the marine industry. We conceived the
PelaStar tension-leg platform (TLP) floating
offshore wind foundation in 2006, and have since
developed the technology with the support of
Carbon Trust (2009), US Department of Energy
(2011) and the Energy Technologies Institute (ETI)
(2012-2015).
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Our Solution…
• is a highly advanced tension leg platform design
with a completed front-end engineering design
integrated with a 6MW turbine for a UK
demonstration project.
• employs a centralized buoyancy, 5-arm, synthetic
tendon design that is optimized, light weight,
cost-effective and robust.
• has a minimal seabed footprint due to its vertical
anchor tendons, reducing consenting issues and
mooring leg length.
• provides a low-motion foundation that imposes
no heave, pitch or roll accelerations on the
turbine.
• has received more 3rd party review than any
other TLP concept.
• has the lowest utility scale cost of energy among
floating solutions.
• is installed using methods that capitalize on the
existing bottom-fixed installation experience,
migrating from shallower to deeper waters.
Who are we? Our Solution….

Fugro GeoServices Ltd is a world leading marine

Our record is consistently pushing boundaries
foundation and drilling contractor, providing
in the installation of seabed foundations
innovative marine engineering and geotechnical
market, the recent completion of the Great
solutions for the most challenging and complex
Western Flank Phase 2 project in Australia is
problems.Our extensive history in successfully
testament to that with the installation of
designing and developing innovative foundation
twenty four (24no) 2m diameter drilled piles
engineering & installation solutions means we
in 120m of water from a floating vessel.
fully understand our client’s challenges and risks.

This new application of proven technology

Our record is consistently pushing boundaries in
puts us at the forefront of cost effective
the installation of seabed foundations, the
anchor pile installations from vessels for the
recent completion of the Great Western Flank
floating Offshore Wind Market.
Phase 2 project in Australia is testament to that
with the installation of twenty four (24no) 2m
diameter drilled piles in 120m of water from a
Please contact us to learn more of our
conventional vessel. This new application of
exclusive experience in foundation design
proven technology puts us at the forefront of
installations.
cost effective anchor pile installations from
vessels for the floating Offshore Wind
Market.Please contact us to learn more of our
exclusive experience in foundation design
installations.

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Who are we?
Our Solution….

BAM Nuttall, established in 1865, is a leading

edge UK supplier of civil engineering services
and is fully focused on delivering quality
infrastructure projects on behalf of all our
customers.
As part of the Royal BAM Group, we operate
in various civil engineering sectors, including
Maritime & Waterways, Rail, Highways,
Energy, Aviation, Defence, Geotechnical,
Remediation and Water.
Recent projects include, Blyth Gravity Base
Foundations for Offshore Wind, Crossrail
Tunnels, Olympic Park Demolition,
Remediation and Legacy Works, Borders
Railway, Managed Motorways and Leeds
Flood Alleviation Scheme.
We have developed a floating reinforced
concrete gravity base foundation (GBF) which
is submerged to form a fixed foundation.
GBFs are effective in water depths of 35m-
60m. Generally, floating solutions are
effective in water depths of 60m+. We see
the two solutions as complementary.
With the lessons learned and skills gained
manufacturing these bases we are offering
our advisory and construction services to
current developers of floating solutions.

Refer to www.bamnuttall.co.uk for further

information.

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Who are we?

InterMoor is an integrated Marine Services

Contractor with the largest mooring
equipment rental fleet worldwide. Our expert
services team comprises Marine, Engineering
and Survey disciplines which, supported by our
asset inventory, provides an unrivalled project
capability. In addition to marine equipment
rental and sales we provide mooring integrity
management services including chain
inspection and in-house development of long
term mooring (LTM) components. Involved in
over 50 floating asset moves a year and with a
track record second to none, InterMoor UK is
the market leader in marine offshore services
and ensure that we continue to deliver a
premium service in a highly demanding
industry.
Our Solution….
➢ An industry leading turnkey solutions
provider.
➢ Expert Marine Services contractor focused
on providing the most cost efficient, safe and
viable solution to our clients
➢ Offering a Balance of Plant contractor
service, giving the client a single contract
solution
➢ Offering the developer the practical
knowledge and assistance with the
development of any floating offshore unit
with a focus on installation and mooring.
➢ The most cost effective solutions provider
offering a single point of contact throughout
the contract duration, ensuring all InterMoor
services are delivered on schedule.

InterMoor UK’s Projects department have

successfully installed or replaced permanent
mooring systems for FPSOs around the globe
as well as providing integrity management
services to clients

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Who are we?
Atkins is a multidiscipline engineering consultancy
with over 40 years offshore engineering experience
in both hydrocarbon and renewable energy
projects. We provide robust engineering designs
(Fixed & Floating) and owners’ engineer services in
the renewables energy sector, as well as technical
advice on emerging clean energy technologies. Our
experience ranges from project development from
early inception, design (concept, FEED and
detailed) through to ongoing integrity
management and safety and reliability assessment
and decommissioning.
Our Solution….
Atkins provide whole life cycle technical services
from project inception, concept development
and design services through to integrity
management and decommissioning including:
• Project Development Services,
• Owner Engineer/ EPCM services,
• Consenting/Permitting
• Stakeholder Engagement
• Independent design

Atkins is passionate about Floating Wind • Technical services, including Naval

development and has been involved with architecture, Structural, Electrical,
developers and technology providers on innovative Environmental, Geotechnical,
projects such as Windfloat WF1 (Portugal), Infrastructure.
Windfloat (Various Projects Pacific & Japan),
• Safety
Kincardine (UK), Dounreay Tri (UK) , Aqua Ventus
(USA). We also have been worked with Hywind on
the development of the Atkins Spar Transport
Frame (ASTF).

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Who are we?
BMT is a leading international design, engineering,
science and risk management consultancy with a
reputation for engineering excellence. With
around 1,500 professionals located in 66 offices in
Europe, Asia and the Americas we draw upon a
wide range of experience and expertise to provide
high-quality, high-value products and services.
BMT's combination of intellectual rigour and
commercial insight has helped us to play an
important and increasing role in industries as
diverse as oil and gas, defence, renewable energy,
ports, civil infrastructure, risk management and
maritime transport.
Our experience and knowledge of metocean
forecasting and data collection combined with
marine engineering, hydrodynamics and
aerodynamics gives us a unique capacity to
contribute to improved safety, reliability,
performance and economics of all types of
offshore marine assets.
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Our Solution….
Marine Environment:
BMT provides comprehensive metocean
information and forecasts drawing on state-of-the-
art capabilities in data collection, data
management, data analysis, numerical modelling
and forecasting.
Marine Integrity Monitoring:
Structural and marine monitoring systems for
moored offshore structures include data hosting,
management and technical analysis.
Motions & Moorings:
Our experience and knowledge of naval
architecture, marine engineering, hydrodynamics
and aerodynamics gives us a unique capacity to
understand the loads and motions of floating,
semi-submersible and submerged structures and
their moorings, risers and cables.
Tow Out:
BMT provides risk-free, accurate and reliable
simulations of ship-handling, manoeuvrability and
mooring to aid design, planning and crew training.
Marine Growth:
Marine growth over time can greatly affect the
loads on structures and moorings. BMT has
extensive experience assessing the likely marine
growth and the effect on loads and motions.

Who are we?
Founded in 2009, Hexicon is an independent
design & engineering company based in Sweden
developing multi-turbine floating foundations and
projects for such use. The first generation of the
Hexicon multi-turbine semi-submersible platform
is triangular shaped and hosts two 5 MW WTGs. In
late 2014, Hexicon initiated the Dounreay Tri
Project off the Scottish northern coast aimed at
deploying a single Hexicon platform
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Our Solution….
• is a triangular shaped semi-submersible steel
foundation suitable to host two large scale
wind turbines.
• has for the Dounreay Tri Project fabrication
drawings in place for the foundation hosting
two 5 MW turbines.
• utilizes a single point mooring system
attached to the platform through a turret
enabling the complete platform to
weathervane with the wind, which conveys
the two turbines to operate out of wake from
one another.
• enables a significant increase in power
density, i.e. capacity per area, which reduces
the cost of inter-array cables and mitigates
consenting risks.
• provides a stable foundation large enough to
host additional offshore wind farm needs
such as O&M facilities and sub-station as well
as complementary future uses, e.g. additional
renewable technologies and aquaculture.
• Is designed to be the cost-effective solution
for the future of offshore wind for which the
trend is larger wind farms further offshore in
deeper waters and with scarce suitable water
areas.
Who are we?
Principle Power, founded in 2010, sells the
WindFloat as a technology solution and acts as
service provider to developers, utilities and
independent power producers, being present
from the overall system design throughout
fabrication, installation and commissioning, and
providing support to customers during the
operation life cycle of the platform.
PPI projects pipeline includes:
➢ 2 pre-commercial projects:
o In Portugal: 3 Units supporting the 8MW
MHI-Vestas V164, to be commissioned
in 2019-2020.
o In France: 4 Units featuring the GE
Halliade 6MW, to be commissioned in
2020-2021.
➢ Multiple commercial developments in
Taiwan, USA (Hawaii, Maine, Oregon) as
well as Japan, India and Korea.
Friends of Floating Offshore Wind, March 2018
38 / 40
Our Solution….
The WindFloat is a floating foundation for
offshore wind turbines with a simple, economic
and patented design that has been demonstrated
through a 5-year full life cycle project. The
WindFloat has been reviewed and approved by
ABS, BV and ClassNK.
The WindFloat1 foundation featuring a 2MW
Vestas:
➢ Produced in up to the 1-year storm
conditions: 14m waves (exceeded 1% of
the time)
➢ Injected over 17GWh into the grid
➢ With no deterioration of the turbine’s
power curve
➢ Survived waves of over 18m and 60Kts
wind with no damage
➢ Proved that all assembly and large
corrective could be conducted at quay-
side while floating
Who are we?
In the world’s harshest environments
and ever-increasing water depths, JDR’s
world-leading products and services
bring power and control to offshore oil,
gas and renewable energy systems.
We design, engineer and manufacture
subsea power cables, subsea production
umbilicals and intervention work over
control systems (IWOCS) to suit the
dynamics of each customer’s application.
Our technical expertise and in-depth
industry knowledge enable us to respond
to design challenges and new situations
with pioneering solutions, while retaining
our proven design and technical
reliability.
In 2017, JDR joined the TFKable group.
Friends of Floating Offshore Wind, March 2018
39 / 40
Our Solution….
We have delivered array cables to some
of the world’s largest and most
technically challenging Offshore Wind
farms, including:
London Array, UK
Greater Gabbard, UK
Nordsee One, Germany
JDR is delivering array cables to the giant
Hornsea One project as well as the first
commercial project using 66kV array
cables, East Anglia One.
JDR has also been selected as preferred
cable supplier to WindFloat project in
Portugal, the world’s first use of dynamic
66kV cables, for floating offshore wind
application.
 References

i
Sonja Chirico Indrebø, Statoil on Renewable UK Floating Offshore Wind Conference 14 Nov 2017, Glasgow:
http://events.renewableuk.com/images/documents/FOWUK17/A1-Sonja-Chirico-Indrebo.pdf

ii
https://www.statoil.com/en/news/worlds-first-floating-wind-farm-started-production.html

iii
http://renews.biz/109981/uk-offshore-deal-in-summer/

iv
http://c.ymcdn.com/sites/www.renewableuk.com/resource/resmgr/publications/RenewableUK_response-
_Buildi.pdf?hhSearchTerms=%22ppa%22

v
https://topsectorenergie.nl/sites/default/files/uploads/Wind%20op%20Zee/20170220_Rap_TKI_Offshore_Wind_
Cost_reduction.pdf

vi
https://www.boem.gov/National-Offshore-Wind-Strategy/

vii
Sonja Chirico Indrebø, Statoil on Renewable UK Floating Offshore Wind Conference 14 Nov 2017, Glasgow:
http://events.renewableuk.com/images/documents/FOWUK17/A1-Sonja-Chirico-Indrebo.pdf

viii
https://www.statoil.com/en/news/worlds-first-floating-wind-farm-started-production.html

ix
http://www.bbc.com/news/uk-scotland-highlands-islands-39665550

x
https://www.bp.com/content/dam/bp/pdf/energy-economics/energy-outlook-2017/bp-energy-outlook-2017.pdf

xi
https://windeurope.org/wp-content/uploads/files/about-wind/reports/Floating-offshore-statement.pdf

xii
http://c.ymcdn.com/sites/www.renewableuk.com/resource/resmgr/publications/RUK_Export_Report_final_web
_.pdf

xiii
http://www.telegraph.co.uk/business/2017/09/11/offshore-wind-power-175bn-investment-boom-costs-halve/

xiv
http://www.dongenergy.com/en/media/newsroom/company-announcements-details?omxid=1557851

xv
https://www.thecrownestate.co.uk/media/152036/socio-economic-methodology-and-baseline-for-pfow-wave-
tidal-developments.pdf

xvi
http://www.gov.scot/Resource/0052/00522790.xlsx

xvii
http://c.ymcdn.com/sites/www.renewableuk.com/resource/resmgr/publications/RenewableUK_response-
_Buildi.pdf?hhSearchTerms=%22ppa%22

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