Workout Example Design of T-Beam

Required flexural strength M u  700kN m

Width of beam b w  250  mm

Height of beam h  500  mm

Slab thinkness t  80mm

Span of beam L  7300mm

Spacing of Beam S  1.5m

Compressive strength of concrete f'c  20 MPa

Yeild strength of reinforcement fy  390  MPa

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Modulus of elasticity of steel Es  2  10 MPa

Material Assumption

Strength reduction factors ϕ  0.9

Maximum Compressive Strain in concrete ε u  0.003

Minimum Strain in Steel ε t  0.005

Cover to transversal reinforcement CL  30mm

Spacing of reinforcement layer s  40mm

Diameter of tensile reinfocement D  25mm

Diameter of compression reinforcement D'  D

Diameter of stirrup reinforcement Dv  10mm

Material Assumption

Solution
Equivalent depth factor

β1  0.85 if f'c  27.6MPa β1  0.85 (ACI.10.2.7.3)

0.65 if f'c  55.2MPa

f'c  27.6MPa
0.85  0.05 otherwise
6.9MPa
Tesion reinforcement ratio

f'c εu
ρmax  0.85 β1    0.0139 (ACI.10.3.5)
fy ε u  ε t

 f' 
 0.249MPa c 
 MPa 1.379MPa 
ρmin  max 
  0.00354
(ACI.10.5)

 fy fy


Distance from extreme compression to extreme tension steel

d t  h   CL  Dv  
D
d t  447.5  mm
 2

Effective depth of beam

d  h   CL  Dv  D  
s
d  415  mm
 2 

Effective flange width of beam

b e  min S b w  16 t 

L
 b e  1.5 m (ACI.10.2.7.3)
 4

Checking for rectangular beam

M nf  0.85 f'c t b e  d    765  kN m

t
 2

ϕ M nf  688.5  kN m

The_beam  "is rectangular" if M u  ϕ M nf The_beam  "is tee"

"is tee" otherwise

Calculation of steel area


0.85 f'c t b e  b w  2
Asf  Asf  43.59  cm
fy

Asf
ρf  ρf  0.042
b w d
M n1  Asf  fy   d  
t
M n1  637.5  kN m
 2 
Mu
M n2   M n1 M n2  140.278  kN m
ϕ

M n2
R   3.258  MPa
2
b w d

f'c  R   0.00936
ρ  0.85 1  1  2 
0.85 f'c
fy
 
2
As2  ρ b w d  9.709  cm

As2  fy a
a   89.098 mm c   104.822  mm
0.85 f'c b w β1

Beam  " REC Beam" if c  t  a  t Beam  "T Beam"

"T Beam" otherwise

0.85 f'c a b w  Asf  fy 2

As   53.299 cm
fy

2
As.min  ρmin b w d  3.668  cm

As

As  max As As.min  53.299 cm  2
ρw 
b w d
 0.051

ρw.max  ρmax  ρf  0.056

Concrete  "is enough" if ρw  ρw.max Concrete  "is enough"

"is not enough" otherwise

2
π ( D mm) 2
DB( n D)  n  5 DB 25  24.544 cm
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