Book of Abstracts - Updated PDF

AMRC2016
5th Asian Management Research and Case (AMRC) Conference

Internationalizing Asian Businesses
University of Wollongong in Dubai, UAE
16th -18th January 2016
Host
University of Wollongong in Dubai
in collaboration with
Lahore University of Management Sciences (LUMS)

Indian Institute of Management Bangalore (IIMB)
Graduate School of Business, Universiti Sains Malaysia
University of Dhaka
Intellectual Partner
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16 -18 January 2016, University of Wollongong in Dubai, UAE AMRC2016
AMRC2016

“Internationalizing Asian Businesses”
University of Wollongong in Dubai, UAE, 16th -18th January 2016
Book of Abstracts
Host
in collaboration with
Lahore University of Management Sciences (LUMS)
Indian Institute of Management Bangalore (IIMB)
Graduate School of Business, Universiti Sains Malaysia
University of Dhaka
Intellectual Partner

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Contents
REMOTE PROTECTION: REVISITING HUMAN RESOURCE PRACTICES TOWARDS 5
ENHANCING CALL CENTER PERFORMANCE
MANAGERIAL LEADERSHIP IN PROMOTING QUALITY: A CASE STUDY OF AWARD 6
WINNING ORGANIZATION
ARSH STAR – DUBAI UAE 7
IDENTIFYING THE FACILITATING FACTORS THAT DETERMINE EMPLOYEE 8
READINESS IN ADOPTING E-HRM PRACTICES: A STUDY OF AN INDIAN PSU
REVISITING THE STATE CATEGORISATION OF TELECOM CIRCLES IN INDIA FROM 9
MOBILE DIFFUSION PERSPECTIVE
AMBUJA CEMENTS AND HOLCIM INDIA MERGER 10
MADHYA PRADESH HOUSING & INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT BOARD: 11
AFFORDABLE HOUSING VIA PPP MODE
BIGGER IS NOT ALWAYS BETTER: THE CASE OF SCL 12
SBI PENSION FUND PRIVATE LIMITED: CAUGHT IN A WICKED PROBLEM 13
DEVELOPING, FORMALIZING AND TESTING A DYNAMIC DIALECTICAL MODEL 14
OF INDIVIDUAL INNOVATION
PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL CHALLENGE AT PAKISTAN CIVIL AVIATION AUTHORITY 15
(CAA)
JUDGING PRODUCTS BY THEIR LABELS: EFFECTS OF PACKAGE LABELLING ON 16
CONSUMER PERCEPTIONS OF QUALITY IN KARACHI
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF PRIMARY EDUCATION AT NGOS, PRIVATE AND 17
PUBLIC SCHOOLS IN MUZAFFARABAD, AZAD KASHMIR
CASE STUDY – DOMINO’S PAKISTAN 18
BANKS, STOCK MARKET DEVELOPMENT AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN PAKISTAN: 19
A MULTIVARIATE CAUSAL LINKAGE APPROACH
STOCK AND BOND MARKET ASSIMILATION: A BIVARIATE GARCH WITH DCC 20
APPROACH
MANAGING WORKING CAPITAL FINANCE SERVICE OF THE ISLAMIC BANKS: A 21
NARRATIVE CASE STUDY OF MURABAHAH FINANCE
EXPLORING THE EFFECTS OF AUTHENTIC LEADERSHIP ON FOLLOWER OUTCOMES: 22
THE ROLE OF ORGANIZATIONAL IDENTIFICATION AND AFFECTIVE COMMITMENT
TO THE SUPERVISOR
EXAMINING RELATIONSHIP OF BRAND ANTHROPOMORPHISM WITH 23
CONSUMERS’ ATTITUDE TOWARDS BRAND, BRAND RECALL, AND PURCHASE
INTENTION

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THE MEDIATING ROLE OF LANGUAGE IN MANAGERIAL SENSE MAKING AND 24

ORGANISATIONAL MEANING FORMATION: UNPACKING THE STRATEGIC
EXCHANGE PROCESS OF MANAGERS IN INDIA- A WITTGENSTEINIAN APPROACH
LEADING FOR INNOVATION: A BALANCING ACT 25
APPLICATION OF SOCIAL NETWORKS IN THE DESIGN OF A GLOBAL SUPPLY CHAIN 26
HARI KRISHNA EXPORTS LTD- A CASE STUDY ON ORGANISATION’S FAITH ON ITS 27
EMPLOYEES AND ECONOMIC RESULTS ACHIEVED
THE SUCCESS STORY OF INDIGO AIRLINES IN INDIAN AVIATION INDUSTRY 28
KAILASH SATYARTHI: REDEEMING THE INNOCENCE OF CHILDHOOD 29
MAKEMYTRIP - EXPANDING TO NEW HORIZONS 30
MANAGING A TURNAROUND AT THE SINGARENI COLLIERIES COMPANY LIMITED 31
(SCCL)
KEEPING ON TRACK-FACULTY MANAGEMENT AT GOVERNMENT COLLEGE 32
UNIVERSITY (GCU) LAHORE
TUNNELLING THOUGH RETAINING DIVIDENDS: EVIDENCE FROM LISTED 33
COMPANIES OF BANGLADESH
UNDERSTANDING CONSUMERS’ BEHAVIOURAL INTENTION IN A SERVICE 34
ENVIRONMENT: A TEST OF TWO ALTERNATE MODELS
ACCESS TO FINANCE, STOCK MARKET DEVELOPMENT AND ECONOMIC GROWTH 35
IN BANGLADESH
FACTORS INFLUENCING ADOPTION AND USAGE OF MOBILE BANKING: 36
BANGLADESH EXPERIENCE
INTERNATIONALIZATION AND PERFORMANCE: EVIDENCE FROM BANGLADESHI 37
BANKING SECTOR
THE DETECTION OF EARNINGS MANIPULATION IN A DEVELOPING COUNTRY: 38
APPLICATION OF BENEISH MODEL APPROACH
INDICATORS FOR DEVELOPING ETHNIC TOURISM IN BANGLADESH 39
PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL SYSTEMS IN SMEs IN BANGLADESH 40
INFORMATION SYSTEMS STRATEGY IN HEALTH CARE SECTORS: DEVELOPING 41
COUNTRY PERSPECTIVE
BUSINESS MODELS FOR INTRA-ASIA TRADE 42
THE ROLE OF GOVERNMENT IN ENHANCING THE INNOVATIVE PERFORMANCE OF 43
EMERGING MARKET FIRMS
TARIFF GROWTH NEXUS IN PAKISTAN 44

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SUPPLIER SOCIAL COMPLIANCE: INSTITUTIONAL THEORY AND 45

ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE
RESTRUCTURING OF PAKISTAN RAILWAYS BOARD 46
THE DILEMMA OF OVERSUBSCRIPTION: THE CASE OF PAKISTANI EUROBONDS 47
COLLABORATION AND CONFLICT AT CHIEF MINISTER’s INITIATIVE ON PRIMARY 48
HEALTHCARE
KALAM: A SUSTAINABLE GIFT? 49
SERVICE SALES CORPORATION: THE WHOLESALE CHALLENGE 50

AWAIS MODEL FARMS 51
SHARIAH COMPLIANT CAPITAL PROTECTED FUND IN TURBULENT TIMES 52
KOHINOOR MAPLE LEAF CEMENT – THE JOURNEY OF BUSINESS 53
TRANSFORMATION
BANK EARNINGS VOLATILITY DURING FINANCIAL CRISES: THE 54
ROLE OF BANK SIZE AND MARKET CONCENTRATION
THE WHITE FOOD COMPANY 55
SOCIAL CAPITAL AND FIRM’S SUSTAINABLE BEHAVIOR: THE MODERATING ROLES 56
OF HETEROPHILY AND MARKET UNCERTAINTY
OVERSEAS COURIER SERVICES, PAKISTAN: LOGISTICS OPERATIONS AT 57
CENTRAL REGION
ISLAM AND CSR: AN ANALYSIS OF ‘UN GLOBAL COMPACT’ FROM THE 58
PERSPECTIVE OF ORTHODOX ISLAM
THE SOCIAL CONSTRUCTION OF ORGANIZATIONAL FRAUD 59
PAKWHEELS.COM – THE NEXT CHALLENGE!! 60
THEORETICAL DEVELOPMENT IN MANUFACTURING STRATEGY 61
A THREE SIDED MODEL OF SEARCH 62
CAPITAL DAIRY: BUFFALO VS. COW DECISION 63
SOCIETY OF PAKISTAN ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHERS (SPELT) 64
DECISION-SUPPORT MEDIA FEATURES: DOING MORE HARM THAN GOOD? 65
INVESTOR’S CHOICE OF SHARIAH COMPLIANT ‘REPLICAS’ AND ORIGINAL ISLAMIC 66
INSTRUMENTS
PROFITABILITY OF MOMENTUM STRATEGIES – APPLICATION IN THE KARACHI 67
STOCK EXCHANGE

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FAYSAL BANK LIMITED - AGRICULTURE FINANCING STRATEGY 68

THE ROLE OF STRONG AND WEAK NETWORK TIES AND CULTURE IN THE GROWTH 69
OF SOCIAL ENTERPRISES
IS NON-COMPLIANT PURCHASE BEHAVIOR ALWAYS UNDESIRABLE? ‘AN 70
EMPIRICAL STUDY ON PURCHASE BEHAVIOR OF INDIRECT PURCHASE AT
UNIVERSITY OF DHAKA, BANGLADESH
A COMPARISON OF ETHICAL PERCEPTIONS OF EARNINGS-MANAGEMENT 71
PRACTICES – MENA REGION AND PREVIOUS STUDIES
FARAZ SUNKA AT NOOR ASSOCIATION 72
AMANTECH – SUCCESSFUL MODEL OF VOCATIONAL TRAINING 73
IFRS ADOPTION, ACCOUNTING QUALITY AND FOREIGN CAPITAL INFLOWS INTO 74
DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
MANAGING FACULTY PERFORMANCE AT THE SUKKUR INSTITUTE OF BUSINESS 75
ADMINISTRATION
HUMAN RESOURCE PLANNING AT SUKKUR INSTITUTE OF BUSINESS 76
ADMINISTRATION
SUSTAINABLE COMPETITIVENESS THROUGH SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: 77
CRYSTAL GROUP’S SEVEN NEEDLES SEWING SUSTAINABILITY
FROM DREAM TO REALITY (MR. NISAR AHMED SADDIQUI) 78
ARE CAPITAL REQUIREMENTS AFFECTING PERFORMANCE OF ISLAMIC BANKS IN 79
PAKISTAN?
STARCOM MEDIAVEST: A CASE STUDY ON BLUE OCEAN STRATEGY 80
IMPLEMENTATION
CASE STUDY NAVEED CLOTH, STORE (EXPANSION DECISION) 81
ANALYSIS OF MERGER AND ACQUISITION IN PAKISTAN 82

PERFORMANCE IMPLICATIONS OF LOGISTICS CAPABILITIES OF 3PLS: CASE OF 83
PAKISTAN
THE GEN-PROM PROJECT 84
ACHIEVING SUPPLY CHAIN COMPETITIVENESS THROUGH SUCCESSFUL 85
BUYER-SUPPLIER RELATIONSHIPS
CREATING HEALTHY WORK PLACES: UNDERSTANDING LINKAGES BETWEEN 86
IMPLICIT AND EXPLICIT SEX STEREOTYPES AND PRESCRIPTIVE ATTRIBUTES OF
FEMALE LEADERS
THE EFFECTS OF INDEX RECOMPOSITION ON STOCKS’ RETURNS IN PAKISTANI 87
CAPITAL MARKET
TRUST MEDIATES PERFORMANCE IMPROVEMENT WITH SUPPLIER 88
DEVELOPMENT?

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JEWELRY R US -STARTUP ANALYSIS 89

THE BLUE NOTE CAFÉ 90
KUMUDAM PLASTICS 91
GM’s EV1 – RIGHT CAR, WRONG TIME? 92
UTILIZATION OF FOOD WASTE SAVED IN MARRIAGE CEREMONIES TOWARDS 93
OFFSETTING HUNGER IN KARACHI, PAKISTAN
FOOD- COONS CASE 94
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE NEEDS FOR PAK-FRENCH FAMILY BUSINESS: WHAT'S 95
WRONG? WHAT'S RIGHT? WHAT’S NEXT?
THE RELEVANCE OF MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING: PRACTICE VARIANCE BETWEEN 96
THEORY AND ACTION

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FOREWORD
Dr Arijit Sikdar
Associate Professor & Conference Host
On behalf of the 5th Asian Management Research and Case (AMRC) Conference 2016, I
extend a hearty welcome to all the delegates of this conference. Congratulations on your
paper acceptance. We have received an overwhelming response to the conference from
academicians across the world, particularly from Pakistan, India, Bangladesh and UAE.
This conference is a result of the collaboration between University of Wollongong in Dubai,

Lahore University of Management Sciences, Indian Institute of Management Bangalore,
Graduate School of Business- University Sains Malaysia, and University of Dhaka. This
conference will focus on internationalizing Asian businesses, especially in the context of the
increasing contribution of Asia in the global economy. This conference brings together
scholars engaged in research and case writing together with industry practitioners to
deliberate on issues related to business models and practices of Asian companies.
Forty case studies and fifty research papers are being presented at this conference. This
book of abstract provides a glimpse of the research and case writings from the scholars. The
research and case studies focus on issues that range from functional domain to business
practices/ models as well as policy related matters. We definitely hope that deliberation on
such an eclectic mix of research and case studies would provide opportunities for discussion
across a wide range of business issues and future research collaboration.
I would like to extend my sincere gratitude to Prof Mohamed Salem, President, University of
Wollongong in Dubai and Prof Barry O’Mahony, Dean, Faculty of Business, University of
Wollongong in Dubai for their support in ensuring the conference goes as planned.
Without full commitment from a great team, it would be impossible to organize this
conference. I would like to extend my deep appreciation to the Organizing Committee
members, Dr Muhammad Junaid Ashraf, Dr R. Srinivasan, Dr Sofri Yahya and Dr Shibli
Rubayat Ul Islam, for their untiring effort in making the event successful. I would also like to
thank Asian Journal of Management Cases which has kindly agreed to bring out a special
issue of selected case studies being presented at this conference. I take this opportunity to
convey a big thank you to individuals and institutions who have contributed directly or
indirectly towards the success of this conference. Finally, I hope all of you will seize the
opportunities for collaboration, networking and new friendship. Have an enjoyable and
fruitful conference. For visiting guests and participants, I wish you a pleasant stay in Dubai.
Thank You.

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PROGRAMME
5th Asian Management Research and Case Conference AMRC 2016

16th -18th January 2016

Dubai, UAE
16th JANUARY 2016 (SATURDAY)

TIME PROGRAMME VENUE
9:00 – 10:00 Registration Block 15 (Ground Floor)
Welcome Address
Dr Barry O’Mahony
Dean (Faculty of Business), UOWD
Opening Address Lecture Theatre
10:00 – 11:00 Dr Mohamed Salem Block 15 (Ground Floor)
President, UOWD
Vision and Purpose of AMRC
Dr Muhammad Junaid Ashraf
Dean, Suleman Dawood School of Business (LUMS)
11:00 – 11:30 Coffee Break
JWL Auditorium
Session 1 Block 15 (Ground Floor)
11:30 – 13:00
Lecture Theatre
Empty Space,
13:00 – 14:00 Lunch Break
Block 15 (Third Floor)
JWL Auditorium
Session 3
Block 15 (Ground Floor)
14:00 – 15:30 Lecture Theatre
Session 4
Block 15 (Ground Floor)
Room 117
Session 5
Block 15 (First Floor)
16:00 – 17:30 Room 121
Panel Discussion on Case Writing Block 15 (First Floor)
17:30 End of Day 1

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17th JANUARY 2016 (SUNDAY)

JWL Auditorium
09:30 – 11:00
Lecture Theatre

JWL Auditorium
Lecture Theatre
11:30 – 13:00 Session 9 Block 15 (Ground Floor)
Room 117
Session 10 Block 15 (First Floor)
Empty Space
13:00 – 14:00 Lunch Break
Block 15 (Third Floor)
Lecture Theatre
JWL Auditorium
Room 117
15:15 – 15:30 Break

Lecture Theatre,
Session 14 Block 15 (Ground Flor)
15:30 – 17:00
JWL Auditorium

JWL Auditorium
17:30 – 19:00 Industry Panel Discussion Block 15 (Ground Floor)
Gloria Hotel, Internet City

19:30 – 21:30 Conference Dinner
21:30 End of Day 2

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18th JANUARY 2016 (MONDAY)

JWL Auditorium
Lecture Theatre
Room 117

11:00 – 12:30 JWL Auditorium
Panel Discussion on Social Media Disruption Block 15 (Ground Floor)
12:30 – 13:00 JWL Auditorium

Conference Closing Block 15 (Ground Floor)

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REMOTE PROTECTION: REVISITING HUMAN RESOURCE PRACTICES TOWARDS

ENHANCING CALL CENTER PERFORMANCE
__________________
ALAN FUN-FOO, CHAN
Putra Business School, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
Email: alanchan.ff@outlook.com
KENG-KOK, TEE *
Putra Business School, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
Email: tee@putrabs.edu.my
THANUJA, RATHAKRISHNAN
Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
Email: thanuja@hotmail.my
ABSTRACT
This case was about an underperforming call center of an integrated security protection
system company with a few unresolved issues. Despite introducing enhanced systems at the
call center, it was on the verge of losing its important client due to its substandard
performance. The case dwells into the gap between employment practice in call centers and
employee expectations. It discusses on the aspect of employee satisfaction, staff
performance as well as the turnover issue among employees. This case has a moderate level
of difficulty and may be used in the relevant management classes such as organizational
behavior, human resource management, and training and development. It is a problem-
solving case suitable for undergraduate, postgraduate students and adult learners.
Keywords: Human Resource Management, Organizational Behavior, Turnover, Call Center.
*Corresponding Author

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MANAGERIAL LEADERSHIP IN PROMOTING QUALITY: A CASE STUDY OF

AWARD WINNING ORGANIZATION
_____________
FLEVY LASRADO
Assistant Professor
Email: flevylasrado@uowdubai.ac.ae
ABSTRACT
This paper seeks to extract the managerial leadership practices that have paved a way for
winning excellence awards in an industry sector using case study based research approach.
After the review of literature on quality and excellence frameworks, a set of questions was
developed for gathering data from the chosen case. Data were gathered primarily through
semi-structured interviews with top- and mid-level managers and employees. This research
supports the literature claiming the importance of leadership role and the soft side of
quality for organizational performance. It is noted that the leadership, people management,
and customer focus were the main key enablers for the success of the organization. The
company growth is mainly attributed to these key factors. Involving employees in
organization decision-making can contribute a great deal of success on a journey toward
quality management as well.
Keywords: Excellence Awards, Leadership, industry, quality

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ARSH STAR – DUBAI UAE
________________________
ALI SAEDVANDI (PH.D., FRM)
Assistant Professor
Email: AliSaedvandi@uowdubai.ac.ae
ABSTRACT
On March 12, 2009, immediately prior to attending the board meeting to discuss the
introduction of a new luxury AHMAD TEA product into the UAE market, Mr. Reza Ghassemi,
General Manager of Arsh Star, received an urgent call indicating that their bank would
regretfully reduce their total credit limit by AED1.5 million. This amount was intended to
cover the gap in working capital for the launch of the new product.
Keywords: Cash-to-cash cycle, SME Finance, Global Financial Crisis.

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IDENTIFYING THE FACILITATING FACTORS THAT DETERMINE EMPLOYEE

READINESS IN ADOPTING E-HRM PRACTICES: A STUDY OF AN INDIAN PSU
__________________
ABHILASH ACHARYA *
Doctoral Scholar
Indian Institute of Management Ranchi, India
Email: abhilash.acharya12fpm@iimranchi.ac.in
DR. BIJAYA MISHRA

Professor (HR & OB)
Indian Institute of Management Ranchi, India
Email: bijayamishra@iimranchi.ac.in
DR. A.UDAY BHASKAR

Professor (HR &OB)
Institute of Management Technology Ghaziabad, India
Email: audaybhaskar@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
The field of Human Resources (HR) has contributed towards achieving strategic business
goals, while at the same time it has supported value adding activities. Technology has
evolved rapidly, resulting in large-scale use of the internet and computer applications in
practically every sphere of life. The application of internet technology to Human Resource
Management (HRM) has led to the digitalisation of traditional HRM functions. In keeping
with this development, Indian organisations are also increasingly adopting electronic-
Human Resource Management (e-HRM) practices for performing various HR activities
(Strohmeier, 2007). Hence, in order to make it user-friendly and implement it successfully,
there is a need to explore the various factors that determine the readiness of employees in
adopting e-HRM practices. Through this research, the researchers are inquiring into the
views of employees regarding the implementation of e-HRM systems across the entire
organisation, which in this case, is an Indian Public Sector Undertaking (PSU).
The nineteen themes that emerged from the research analysis may contribute towards the
organisation’s long-term sustainable competitive advantage. The results of the study will
help other organisations to explore and understand the motivation of employees towards
adopting system-based HR practices in the organisation. In addition to this, the paper
delineates some limitations, which may be addressed in future research. Finally, this study is
an original work of the researchers and has not been presented or published elsewhere.
Keywords: e-HRM practices, Indian PSU, readiness of employees, thematic analysis,

sustainability.
* Corresponding Author

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REVISITING THE STATE CATEGORISATION OF TELECOM CIRCLES IN INDIA

FROM MOBILE DIFFUSION PERSPECTIVE
_____________
DEBASHIS SAHA
MIS Group
Indian Institute of Management (IIM) – Calcutta, India
Email: ds@iimcal.ac.in
ABSTRACT
Ever since mobile telephony has revolutionized the telecom scenario in India, experts often
ask a pertinent question: is the age-old categorization of Indian states into twenty-two
different telecom circles valid even today? The categorization has become important in the
light of variable rates of revenue sharing applicable in different clusters. The available
literature does not detail out the exact procedure behind categorisation of circles into A, B
and C, apart from the rationale of decreasing attractiveness. A few speculative metrics
include population size and revenue potential. We decide to revisit the categorization
process from two angles: the GDP and the diffusion of innovation. The GDP-based method is
quite straightforward. However, for the diffusion-based method, we propose a dynamic
model to cluster the states depending on their revenue potential. The dynamic model would
be win-win for both telecom players and the state as any movement would change the
revenue shared; incorporating this into the system would increase the transparency
between the state and telecom operators, thereby bringing in efficiency into the system.
Interestingly, both the methods generate classifications which are nearly similar to the
original classification, done by the Department of Telecom (DoT) of the Government of India
(GoI) and followed throughout India till date. Thus, our results provide useful insights and
necessary confidence to the policy makers at GoI, while pre-empting the demand for
immediate relook at the categorization. Other countries may also learn a few things from
our study, should they wish to take up a similar exercise.
Keywords: Telecom, mobile diffusion, service areas, clustering, categorization.

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AMBUJA CEMENTS AND HOLCIM INDIA MERGER

________________
PITABAS MOHANTY
Professor (Finance), X L R I
C H Area (East), Jamshedpur, India
Email: pitabasm@xlri.ac.in
TINA STEPHEN
Senior Lecturer (Law), X L R I
C H Area (East), Jamshedpur, India
Email: tina@xlri.ac.in
ABSTRACT
On 24th July, 2013, the management of Ambuja Cements announced the merger of Holcim
India (Private) Limited with Ambuja Cements in a two-stage process. First, Ambuja Cements
will buy 24% stake of Holcim India from Holderind Investments of Mauritius for Rs.35
billion. Subsequently, Holcim India will get merged with Ambuja Cements. The
management of Ambuja Cements projected huge synergy from the merger, whereas proxy
firm advisors called this corporate misgovernance. This case is written in this background. It
presents the students an opportunity to analyze this two-step transaction to see if the
interests of the minority shareholders have been compromised in this transaction. The case
also presents an opportunity to estimate the marginal impact of this transaction on the
share price of Ambuja Cements. In particular, they will be able to estimate the impact of
transfer of cash and cancellation of shares on the stock price of the acquiring company.
Finally, the students will also get an opportunity to study the different regulations
governing related party transactions in India and discuss about their usefulness in a country
like India, where the promoters often control more than 50% of the shares in a company.
Keywords: Valuation in Mergers, Merger Regulations, Corporate Governance

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MADHYA PRADESH HOUSING & INFRASTRUCTURE

DEVELOPMENT BOARD: AFFORDABLE HOUSING VIA PPP MODE
_______________________
GANESH KUMAR NIDUGALA
Professor, Indian Institute of Management Indore,
Prabandh Shikhar, Rau-Pithampur Road, Indore - 453331,
Madhya Pradesh (India).
Email: ganesh@iimidr.ac.in
RASHMI SHUKLA
FPM Participant, Indian Institute of Management Indore,
Prabandh Shikhar, Rau-Pithampur Road, Indore - 453331,
Madhya Pradesh (India).
Email: f12rashmis@iimidr.ac.in
ABSTRACT
The Madhya Pradesh Housing & Infrastructure Development Board (MPHIDB) is a state
owned entity in Madhya Pradesh State of India with the mandate of providing housing for
citizens, particularly for those in the low income segment. MPHIDB has been constructing
houses on its own using the traditional Engineering and Procurement Contract (EPC) Model.
In July 2015 it is exploring the possibility of creating affordable housing units via Public-
Private-Partnership (PPP). Advantage of involving private sector is that MPHIDB can tap into
creative energy and construction efficiency of the private sector and, deliver the best results
within the given set of time and resource constraints. The proposed structure of PPP is that
the private partner will be given a portion of land in lieu of the affordable housing units that
it will build and transfer to MPHIDB. However, there are trade-offs involved in doing the
project in PPP mode instead of EPC mode. The main advantages of govt. body like MPHDIB
doing the project on its own are: (i) It is able to better manage regulatory risks in terms of
getting clearances, land acquisition etc. (ii) It can raise finances at lower interest rates than
what is charged for private sector entities and (iii) entire land parcel is available to construct
houses and hence it can get more housing units per unit of land. The Commissioner (CEO) of
MPHIDB has to decide whether to go for PPP or EPC model and if he goes for PPP, how
should the PPP be structured?
Keywords: Public Policy, Public Private Partnership Models, Affordable Housing

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BIGGER IS NOT ALWAYS BETTER: THE CASE OF SCL

______________
NEERAJ DWIVEDI
Indian Institute of Management Lucknow
Prabandh Nagar, IIM Road,
Lucknow – 226 013, INDIA
Email: neerajd@iiml.ac.in
ABSTRACT
SCL is a cement company in India having its manufacturing facilities and market
predominantly in North India. The case gives a description of SCL - its origins, management,
businesses and strategic focus. It describes the Indian cement industry in terms of its
structure, customer segments and major competitors. The case also presents information
on strategic positioning of SCL within the cement industry with a view to highlight the
strategies adopted by it to gain a competitive advantage in the industry. The case presents
to students an opportunity to carry out industry and competitive analysis of SCL and identify
its sources of competitive advantage. The protagonist, Nivedita, is a first year management
student at one of the prestigious business schools in India. She has just joined her two-
month internship at a start-up investment advisory firm. She has been asked to work on her
project, which requires her to do a strategic analysis of SCL and present a report to the
management.
Keywords: Competitive advantage, Industry analysis, Value chain analysis, Cement industry,
India.

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SBI PENSION FUND PRIVATE LIMITED: CAUGHT IN A WICKED PROBLEM

_________________
SHUBHABRATA BASU
Associate Professor, Strategic Management Area
Indian Institute of Management Indore, India.
Email: sbasu@iimidr.ac.in or basushubhabrata@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
This case illustrates the decision dilemma of Mr. Shailendra Kumar, MD and CEO of SBI
Pension Fund Private Limited (SBIPFPL). SBIPFPL was created by State Bank of India (SBI) to
manage the corpus of the first (in South Asia) defined contribution, market linked, National
Pension System (NPS), regulated by Pension Fund Regulatory and Development Authority
(PFRDA). Initially meant for government employees, NPS was extended to retail and private
sector subscribers. PFRDA subsequently included private sector pension fund managers
(PFMs) and through open bidding process, kept the investment management fee, at
negligible level, much to the disadvantage of PFMs.
Shailendra Kumar was stuck in a wicked problem. Under implicit regulatory and public
expectations, he had to ensure market linked returns, higher than bond based substitutes,
without risking the asset under management (AUM). For that, he must enlarge the AUM by
promoting, selling and retaining subscribers. To popularize, he required funds, either from
SBI or from market. With very low profit potential, additional equity infusion from SBI was
difficult, given better performing subsidiaries. Cost of funds from open market was very
high, given the NPS tag. Also promoting NPS would benefit all other PFMs, and not
necessarily SBIPFPL alone. Without critical mass of subscribers and corpus, the returns
would be low resulting in subscriber attrition. And yet, exit was not an option, given tacit
regulatory mandate to the parent SBI.
How would Shailendra Kumar steer SBIPFPL to growth and profitability by managing a single
product, NPS, a public good, in its portfolio?
Keywords: Wicked Problem, Indian Social Security Sector, Risk Management Architecture,
National Pension System (NPS), Growth Strategies

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DEVELOPING, FORMALIZING AND TESTING A DYNAMIC DIALECTICAL

MODEL OF INDIVIDUAL INNOVATION
_______________________
MOHAMMAD HARIS MINAI
Indian Institute of Management Lucknow,
Prabandh Nagar, Off Sitapur Road,
Lucknow – 226013,
Uttar Pradesh, India.
Email: mhminai@iiml.ac.in
ABSTRACT
Innovation is important for the growth and survival of organizations. An important

component of organizational innovation is the innovative behavior of its employees. At the
individual level the current models of innovation do not incorporate the dynamic and
dialectical nature of the innovation process. Viewing creative behavior as static, congruent
processes does not explain the mechanisms and diversity by which contextual factors affect
innovation. For instance, the relationship of leadership and affect on innovation has been
found to be very incongruous; both initiating structure and consideration behaviors on the
part of leaders have been found to have positive relationships with innovation and the
relation of positive, negative and the sequence of positive and negative affect has been
found to have relationships with innovative behavior.
In this dissertation I propose to build a dynamic dialectical process model of individual

innovation. I plan to validate this model using three different methodologies. First, by using
a computational model to formalize the functioning of the model and its ability to explain
the heterogeneous findings in literature regarding the relationship of leadership and affect
with innovation. Then, I plan to use a case study approach to confirm the formalisms
implied by the model. Finally, I intend to use a cross sectional design to test the
determinants of innovation, in particular different leadership behaviors and styles as
suggested by the model.
Keywords: Leadership, Innovation, Doctoral Colloquia.

14
th th
PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL CHALLENGE AT PAKISTAN CIVIL AVIATION

AUTHORITY (CAA)
________
SARA ALVI
Lahore University of Management Sciences (LUMS), Lahore, Pakistan.
Email: alvi.sara@gmail.com
DR ANWAR KHURSHID
Email: anwar@lums.edu.pk
DR ABDUL KARIM KHAN

United Arab Emirates University (UAEU), United Arab Emirates
Email: abdul.karim@uaeu.ac.ae
ABSTRACT
The case on Performance Appraisal Challenge at Pakistan CAA discusses multitude of
challenges that CAA faces with respect to its performance appraisal system. Sumair Saeed,
Chief Human Resource CAA felt that problems lay in the implementation of the current
appraisal system. Firstly, the system of targets and objectives between and the appraiser
and appraise at the start of the year was not being followed. This led employees to feel
unfairly treated because no criteria for performance appraisal was agreed upon against
which they were being evaluated. Secondly, Sumair felt there was no buy-in for the
performance appraisal system as supervisors regarded appraisal as extra work load and an
uneasy time of the year. Supervisors felt it was a confrontational rather than a
developmental/feedback exercise with the subordinate. Also, supervisors lacked training to
provide feedback on appraisals. It was also felt that the culture of the organization became
hostile and of distrust when the appraisals were being conducted. The appraisal system
didn’t differentiate between performers or non performers thus decision on promotions or
career progressions couldn’t be based on appraisals. The problem of demotivation amongst
employees were also a result of an ineffective performance appraisal system as no
differentiation existed between star performers and non performers. Sumair now
contemplated as to what changes in design or implementation of performance appraisal
system were required to rectify the process of performance appraisal at CAA.
Keywords: Performance appraisal system, feedback, buy- in

15
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JUDGING PRODUCTS BY THEIR LABELS: EFFECTS OF PACKAGE LABELLING ON

CONSUMER PERCEPTIONS OF QUALITY IN KARACHI
______________
DR. ZEENAT ISMAIL
Professor – Department of Social Sciences & Liberal Arts
Institute of Business Administration – Karachi, Pakistan
Email: zismail@iba.edu.pk
ABSTRACT
This research aims to establish strong links between product labelling and perceptions of
quality, specifically to the domain of household products. An analysis of the results from a
study of 100 respondents have delivered positive results relating quality with labelling, low
quality with improper labelling, reputation of branded products with product labels and the
importance of labelling in making superior quality purchase decisions. Results show that the
primary perceived purpose for labels is to deliver information regarding products attributes.
When compared to other factors, product labelling is not the most important factor in
making buying decision, however labelling does assist in inference linkages based on
underlying beliefs of superior quality. During the research, we had applied the Qualitative
method to gather the data. The main objective of this paper was to study the consumer’s
perception of labels and signals of quality, and to bring in a reflection on the consumer’s
tendency to acquire labelled products. For this, we have tried to understand and define his
behavioral attitude towards these products. The theoretical contributions are anchored in
the introduction of the variables of the product labelling and the product quality as
moderators of the relation between the label perception and the consumer’s purchase
intention, and not as mediators, as it was the case with most of the previous research works.
On further analysis of results collected from the open-ended parts of the questionnaire, a
more revealing picture emerges. When respondents were asked the most important labels
to help in choosing a superior quality product, 38% of the responses were informational
labels. However this response in itself does not encompass all the variable gathered in the
responses. Packaging and Labelling of the brand has a most influential factor to the
consumer choice. Consumer buying behavior is way through individual purchase products,
which satisfy their needs and wants (Rettie & Brewer, 2000).The basic purpose to examine all
these packaging tools is to analyze packaging tools and their influence on consumers buying
decision and how influence consumer-buying choice to choose from different types of
products (Erzsebet & Zoltan, 2007). Now a day’s rapid growth in the packaging types
considers the packaging as fundamental tool of marketing (Barber, Almanza& Donovan,
2006). Superior packaging of the products is easy to protect and transport the product form
one place to another place also its beneficial to cover the loss and wastage. It gives a worth
to the product internal and outer market of the country (Maiksteniene, and Auruskeviciene,
2008). Today most of the companies consider the packaging and labelling as an affirmative
root it leaves first impression on consumers to buy the products. Superior packaging attracts
the consumer’s attention towards the new products (Alice, 2006).
Keywords: Labelling, Consumer Behavior, Quality, Household Goods, Packages

16
th th
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF PRIMARY EDUCATION AT NGOS, PRIVATE AND

PUBLIC SCHOOLS IN MUZAFFARABAD, AZAD KASHMIR
________________
MS. ZUNAIRA SAQIB
Assistant Professor, NUST Business School
National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
Email: zunaira.saqib@nbs.edu.pk
MR. SARMAD ISHFAQ1, MR. FAIZAAN BILAL2, MR. ALI BIN MASHOOD3, MR. AHSAN
JEHANGIR4
Graduates - Bachelor of Public Administration
National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
1
Email: sarmad.ishfaq747@gmail.com
2
Email: faizaanbilal@hotmail.com
3
Email: ali.mashood92@gmail.com
4
Email: asn615@gmail.cm
ABSTRACT
Primary school education is considered one of the key and major steps towards educating a
country. Pakistan, unfortunately, lacks way behind developed and some developing
countries in this indicator. This research is a comparative study between three types of
primary education schools in the region of Muzaffarabad, Azad Kashmir. The paper draws
comparisons between NGO, Private, and Public schools based on Quality of Education,
Access, and Affordability. The factor of quality of education was drawn from Pakistan
National Education Policy of 2009 while access and affordability were added based on the
chosen region. The research has been conducted through semi structured interviews with
parents, principal (School Administrator) and teachers. The results showed that NGO
schools had better quality of education in terms of infrastructure and textbooks. The public
schools were perceived to have better qualified and trained teachers but the research
concluded contrasting results at the primary level. The public schools also lacked most basic
facilities and were very low on quality. The private schools struck the middle ground with
mediocre facilities, quality and fee structure. The research also concluded that Access did
not turn out to be a major factor in selecting a school. Government schools were mostly
selected based on affordability. The research indicated that lot of work needs to be done in
primary education by the government in the particular region. Government, in particular,
needs to focus on bringing synchronisation in the schools fee, curriculum, teachers’ quality,
salaries, and infrastructure.
Keywords: Muzaffarabad, Primary Education, NGO Schools, Private Schools,

Government/Public Schools, National Education Policy Pakistan

17
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CASE STUDY – DOMINO’S PAKISTAN

__________________________
NAVEED MUHAMMAD KHAN
Associate Professor, MS Department, Bahria University, Karachi Campus, 13 National
Stadium Road, Karachi - 75260, Pakistan
Email: naveedmkhan@bimcs.edu.pk, naveedmuna@gmail.com
MUHAMMAD FAISAL
Assistant Professor, MS Department, Bahria University, Karachi Campus, 13 National
Stadium Road, Karachi - 75260, Pakistan
Email: muhammad.faisal@bimcs.edu.pk, mfza69@gmail.com
SHAIKH MOHAMMAD ALI

Senior Lecturer, MS Department, Bahria University, Karachi Campus, 13 National Stadium
Road, Karachi - 75260, Pakistan
Email: smali@bimcs.edu.pk
ABSTRACT
This case is about Domino’s International entry into Pakistan in year 2009 through a master
franchise agreement with “Hilal Confectionaries”. Domino’s pizza entry in Pakistan has not
been according to the expectations the company was losing money heavily in order to turn
around and make Domino’s Pakistan profitable, new CEO Mohammad Ahsan was appointed
in year 2013.
In a short time Mohammad Ahsan was able to cut losses and made the company profitable.
He was very successful in cost cutting the first phase of reorganizing the business. In second
phase of creating value and improving sales dramatically he is facing challenges from
unexpected sector of new start-ups with innovation and customization of pizza according to
the local tastes.
The challenge for the students is to help CEO Mohammad Ahsan to devise a plan so he can
win in the current external environment of Pakistan.
Keywords: Turnaround, management audit, cost drivers, egalitarian culture, zero moment
of truth, value creation.

18
th th
BANKS, STOCK MARKET DEVELOPMENT AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN

PAKISTAN: A MULTIVARIATE CAUSAL LINKAGE APPROACH
______________________
MOHAMMED NISHAT, PhD
Professor of Economics and Finance
Institute of Business Administration (IBA), Karachi, Pakistan
Email: mnishat@iba.edu.pk
WALI ULLAH, PhD

Assistant Professor of Economics and Finance
Institute of Business Administration (IBA), Karachi
Email: waliullah@iba.edu.pk
ABSTRACT
This research paper empirically investigates the dynamic causal relationship between bank-
based financial development, stock market development and economic growth in Pakistan
during 1972-2014, using multivariate Granger Causality model within and Autoregressive
Distributed Lag (ARDL)-bounds testing Framework. The study also includes savings and
investment as sporadic variables to create a multivariate Granger Causality model. The
empirical results of this study indicate that there is a distinct short and long run
unidirectional causal flow from stock market development to economic growth in Pakistan.
The results also indicate that there is a unidirectional causal flow from bank-based financial
development to stock market development in short run. The study, however, fails to find
any causality between financial development and economic growth. The study, therefore,
concludes that the development of the real sector in Pakistan is largely driven by stock
market development.
Keywords: Banks; stock markets; Economic Growth; Pakistan
JEL Classification: G20; O16; G10, F36

19
th th
STOCK AND BOND MARKET ASSIMILATION: A BIVARIATE GARCH WITH DCC

APPROACH
____________
WALI ULLAH, PhD
Assistant Professor of Economics and Finance
Email: waliullah@iba.edu.pk
MOHAMMED NISHAT, PhD

Professor of Economics and Finance
Email: mnishat@iba.edu.pk
ABSTRACT
This study examines how and to what extent the Japanese stock and bond markets are
integrated by applying the DCC-GARCH model to the stock and bond yield indices. We
consider four different types of the bond yields indices, i.e., the all the outstanding bonds,
government bonds, corporate bonds and convertible bonds, in order to evaluate their
dynamic relation and the volatility spill-over effect with the stock market. The results show
that there is neither current nor lagged impact of stock market on the bonds except the one
period lagged impact of the stock market returns on the all bond returns. Furthermore,
there is negative impact of the bonds returns on the stock market in the current period. The
volatility in bond market leads to a fluctuation in the stock market, however there is no
reverse effects. Furthermore, there is bi-directional shock transmission between the two
markets and both the markets react asymmetrically to positive and negative shocks. Overall
the results suggest that the cross-market volatility spillovers are mostly bilateral. Besides,
both the markets are highly integrated in terms of dynamic conditional correlation, however
the nature of relation vary over time. The correlation between the two markets is positive in
the pre-crisis period 1990, whereas it is negative after the 1990 stock market bubbles burst.
The common lesson is that the financial system in Japan is highly integrated and the
portfolio risk can be minimized through diversification of investing in the two markets, i.e.,
stock and bond markets.
Keywords: Bivariate GARCH, Integration, Regime switching, Volatility spill over
JEL Classification: F30, G11, G12.

20
th th
MANAGING WORKING CAPITAL FINANCE SERVICE OF THE ISLAMIC BANKS: A

NARRATIVE CASE STUDY OF MURABAHAH FINANCE
_____________
DR. KARIM ULLAH
Assistant Professor
Centre for Excellence in Islamic Finance, Institute of Management Sciences, Peshawar,
Pakistan.
Email: Karim.Ullah@imsciences.edu.pk
ABSTRACT
This case study is developed on an in-depth narrative of a real Murabahah working capital
finance case in Pakistan. The objective is to develop analytical discussion among the readers
on how a Bai’ Murabahah, an Islamic sale contract, is applied in practice to create real
working capital finance service, how different participants, which are theoretically
unknown, managed their roles. The case also provides direction on how the application of
the Murabahah practice supports the evolutionary Islamic banking framework of the Central
Bank of Pakistan. It would be more beneficial if the readers have basic theoretical
understanding of the Murabahah beforehand in order to develop critical insights on
practice. The questions, at the end, provoke further analytical thinking of the readers on
how they may apply their knowledge of Murabahah, to the same or similar cases in practice.
The narrative case is anatomised for ethical reasons.
Keywords: Murabahah, Working Capital, Evolutionary Regulatory Framework.

21
th th
EXPLORING THE EFFECTS OF AUTHENTIC LEADERSHIP ON FOLLOWER

OUTCOMES: THE ROLE OF ORGANIZATIONAL IDENTIFICATION AND
AFFECTIVE COMMITMENT TO THE SUPERVISOR
__________________
AAMIR ALI CHUGHTAI
Associate Professor
School of Management, Forman Christian College, Ferozepur Road
Lahore 54600, Pakistan
Email: aamir_chughtai@hotmail.com
ABSTRACT
This study examined the mediating role of organizational identification and affective
commitment to the supervisor in the relationship between authentic leadership and two
employee outcomes: job satisfaction and negative feedback seeking behaviour. The sample
for this study comprised of 174 full-time employees drawn from a large food company
operating in Pakistan. Results showed that as hypothesised, organizational identification
and supervisory commitment fully mediated the effects of authentic leadership on job
satisfaction and negative feedback seeking behaviour. The theoretical and practical
implications of this research are discussed.
Keywords: Authentic leadership, organizational identification, supervisory commitment, job

satisfaction, negative feedback seeking behaviour

22
th th
EXAMINING RELATIONSHIP OF BRAND ANTHROPOMORPHISM WITH

CONSUMERS’ ATTITUDE TOWARDS BRAND, BRAND RECALL, AND PURCHASE
INTENTION
______________
ARCHIT VINOD TAPAR
Research Scholar – Marketing, Indian Institute of Management Indore, India.
Email: f13architt@iimidr.ac.in
ASHISH SADH
Professor – Marketing, Indian Institute of Management Indore, India.
Email: ashish@iimidr.ac.in
ADITYA BILLORE
Assistant Professor – Marketing, Indian Institute of Management Indore, India.
Email: adityab@iimidr.ac.in
ABSTRACT
The study presents a detailed literature review on anthropomorphism research in the area
of marketing. Following the literature review the study identifies research gap and makes an
attempt to propose a conceptual model to study few relationships between
anthropomorphized brands with consumers’ attitude towards brand, recall of brand, and
purchase intentions. The study identifies product involvement as moderator for the stated
relationship between brand anthropomorphism and outcomes of brand evaluation. The
study proposes positive association of consumers’ attitude towards brand, recall of brand,
and purchase intentions with anthropomorphized brands. The study proposes effect of
anthropomorphism to be more on brand related outcomes in case of low involvement
product as compared to high-involved product. It provides direction for further testing the
proposed model through an experimental design. The proposed study has threefold learning
outcome: (1) it would be helpful in advancing the knowledge of anthropomorphization by
exploring the notion of anthropomorphized brands in marketing research; (2) enhance
understanding of consumer-brand relationship by examining the outcomes of brand
anthropomorphism with consumers’ attitude towards brand, recall of the brand, and
purchase intention; (3) For practitioners, it will help to direct their promotional campaign to
persuade consumers to view brands as human.
Keywords: literature review, brand anthropomorphism, consumers’ attitude towards brand,

brand recall, purchase intention.

23
th th
THE MEDIATING ROLE OF LANGUAGE IN MANAGERIAL SENSE MAKING AND

ORGANISATIONAL MEANING FORMATION: UNPACKING THE STRATEGIC
EXCHANGE PROCESS OF MANAGERS IN INDIA- A WITTGENSTEINIAN
APPROACH
_________________
DR.A. VENKATARAMAN
XLRI Jamshedpur, India.
Email: ramanav@xlri.ac.in
ABSTRACT
My paper, endeavours to understand the concept of managing and the practice of managing
at two broad levels one is what and why do managers manage. It seeks to revisit the Collin
Hales [1999] question, what do managers do what they do and the other at the
repercussions on those who are managed. Managing and the process of being managed
cannot be separated from one another into water-tight mutually exclusive analytical
categories because those who manage are in turn controlled by their superiors. Managers
constitute one component in the labour process of the firm and manage only what they are
in responsible for. Hence in endeavouring to sociologically understand this question it
breaks it down into two components namely, what is it to manage, how do Indian managers
make sense of themselves and what is it to be managed in the labour process of post-
bureaucratic firms in India?
Using Wittgenstein this paper helps us understand the managerial sense making process at
the level of language truth, justification and meaning which in conjunction with labour
process theory offers very valuable insights to understand Indian managerial sense making.
Consequently, my paper lays out an intellectual agenda, clarifies debates and more
pertinently helps us investigate the Hales question in the Indian context and understand
Indian managerial sense making and their strategic exchange process starting from the
position that managerial activity is subjective, reactive and fragmented which a number of
commentators ranging from Robert Jackall [1988] to Richard Hyman [1987] have pointed
out.
References
1. Hales Collin [December 1999], ‘Why do Managers Do What They Do? Reconciling Evidence and
Theory in Accounts of Managerial Work? British Journal of Management, Volume 10, Issue 4, pp 335-
350
2. Hyman Richard [March 1987], ‘Strategy or Structure, Capital, Labour and Control’, Work Employment
and Society. [Vol 1, Number 1], Sage Publishers
3. Jackall Robert [1988], ‘Moral Mazes: The World of Corporate Managers’, OUP, GB.
Keywords: Language, Managerial Sense Making, Strategic Exchange, Wittgenstein,

Triangulation of meaning, Indian HRM

24
th th
LEADING FOR INNOVATION: A BALANCING ACT
________________________
MOHAMMAD HARIS MINAI
Lucknow – 226013,
Email: mhminai@iiml.ac.in
SHAILENDRA SINGH
Lucknow – 226013,
Email: shail@iiml.ac.in
ABSTRACT
Innovation begets competitive advantage in challenging economic times and as such is a

sought after ability. Organizational innovation starts at the level of the individual and
individual behavior in organizations is intimately linked with leadership. In this work, we
discuss the subtleties of leading for innovation. We discuss the effect that each of task-
oriented, change-oriented and relations-oriented behavior can have on individual
innovation.
Innovation is increasingly understood to be a paradoxical or dialectical phenomenon.

Contextual factors can have contradictory effects on innovation depending upon which
other contextual and personal factors are salient at that point in the innovation cycle.
We focus on individual innovation in this work, as that reduces the social and organizational
dynamics that need to be considered. By starting small we can build a robust theory and
then extend it to higher levels. We develop several testable propositions about the
relationship between leadership behaviors and individual innovation, adding to present
understanding by incorporating the role of an active orientation towards work. We also
suggest how personal factors can interact with leadership behaviors to impact individual
innovative behavior.
Keywords: Leadership, Innovation, Convergence, Divergence.

25
th th
APPLICATION OF SOCIAL NETWORKS IN THE DESIGN OF A GLOBAL SUPPLY

CHAIN
________________
RAJ V. AMONKAR
Goa Institute of Management, Sanquelim Campus, Poriem, Sattari, Goa-403505, India
Email: raj@gim.ac.in
ABSTRACT
Social Network Analysis (SNA), based on the Network Theory is the process of investigating
social structures. This paper explains the practical application of Social Networks in the
design of a Global Supply Chain. The practical application is based on a case study of ABC,
one of the world’s leading agribusiness companies with global operations. Based on the
study it is inferred that the global supply chain network design decisions could be made by
using theories, concepts and frameworks in the area of social networks. The paper also
explains practical implications of the study and makes suggestions for further research.
Certain names and other identifying information were disguised to protect confidentiality.
Keywords: Social Network, Global Supply Chain

26
th th
HARI KRISHNA EXPORTS LTD- A CASE STUDY ON ORGANISATION’S FAITH ON

ITS EMPLOYEES AND ECONOMIC RESULTS ACHIEVED
_______________
DR. NITIKA SHARMA
Birla Institute of Management Technology, Plot number 5, Knowledge Park 2, Greater
Noida, U.P. (India) 201301
Email: nitika.sharma@bimtech.ac.in
Dr. ARCHANA SHRIVASTAVA

Birla Institute of Management Technology, Plot number 5, Knowledge Park 2, Greater
Noida, U.P. (India) 201301
Email: archana.shrivastava@bimtech.ac.in
ABSTRACT
High Attrition rate amongst employees is a common problem across industries. This entire
turnover costs heavily on the companies. The constant ebb and flow of new employees has
significant effect on the existing employees’ morale. Recruiting good employees and
retaining them is a big challenge especially during the time of crisis.
The study highlights how during the time of global crisis, the performance-based incentive
system, value-addition incentives and other employee friendly HR policies when
implemented timely not only brought down the attrition rate but also helped the company
in creating high performance work system environment.
Expected learning outcomes – The goal of this case study is to illustrate how successful
financial performance of a company is correlation with management practices that treat its
employees more humanly. The case highlights:
1. Management practices, unique innovative strategies of employee engagement, and
rewarding systems that helped the organisation concerned reduce attrition rate
significantly.
2. Exemplary leadership qualities and style of the founder of the company concerned.
3. Significant impact of the well designed organisational communication system.
Keywords: Organizational Goal, Trust, Leadership, Organizational Communication, India

27
th th
THE SUCCESS STORY OF INDIGO AIRLINES IN INDIAN AVIATION INDUSTRY

____________
JYOTI PANDEY
Research Scholar, Indian Institute of Management Indore, India
Email: f13jyotip@iimidr.ac.in
ABSTRACT
Indian aviation industry has seen an unprecedented rise in last few years with handsome
growth in passenger traffic and cargo traffic. Indian aviation industry is among the top 10
globally and total size of industry is around $ 16 bn. This sector has seen a huge potential in
near future and is growing rapidly. The industry has seen a huge surge in number of aircrafts
operating in the country, big investment in airport infrastructure and rise in operational
airports. India has some of the world class airport with T3 of Delhi being one of the world’s
best airports.
Indigo Airline is the biggest carrier by market share in India. In a situation when the entire
aviation industry is bleeding, few airline companies are there which are able to make profits,
Indigo is one of them. Baring the first two years of its operation, this airline is making profit
continuously from 2008. The industry is facing the challenge of high fuel cost, huge taxes,
high airport charges, increasing aircraft maintenance, high attrition of trained pilot, and the
shortage of aircrafts, which made it difficult for the carriers to survive in the Industry. The
case analyzed the reason for success of Indigo Airline i.e., how Indigo airline has overcome
all these difficulties and is giving consistent profits when other airlines are finding it difficult
to even cover their expenses. This case also gives insights about the competitive advantage
of Indigo airline and its sustainability in the industry.
Keywords: Aviation industry, sustainability, competitive advantage, business model

28
th th
KAILASH SATYARTHI: REDEEMING THE INNOCENCE OF CHILDHOOD
_______________
P. BALA BHASKARAN
Director, Shanti Business School, Ahmedabad 380 058, India
Email: bala.bhaskaran@gmail.com bala@shantibschool.edu.in
ABSTRACT
The case is structured around Kailash Satyarthi and his tireless efforts to bring solace to the
innumerable children who are under distress through child-labour and other forms of
exploitation across the Indian sub-continent. Satyarthi dedicated himself to the cause of
child-rights through an NGO and actively pursued the cause vigorously. In this process he
faced resistance from persons and organizations who had vested interests in the
perpetuation of child-labour; the resistance was often hostile and even violent. He took up
the cause globally and was solely responsible for the special ILO resolution on child-rights
which became the guideline for many countries in creating legislations. Later Satyarthi led
the Global March against Child-Labour. These efforts have been recognized and honoured
across the globe. In India, strangely, he was not adequately known till the award of the
Nobel Peace Prize. The cases traces Satyarthi’s life, his activities, the status of child-rights in
the sub-continent, the challenges faced by Satyarthi, as well as the emerging challenges to
ensure meaningful childhood to every child in the world.
Keywords: Child-rights, child-labour, child-trafficking, child-exploitation, human dignity.

29
th th
MAKEMYTRIP - EXPANDING TO NEW HORIZONS

_____________
DR. ABHA RISHI
Birla Institute of Management Technology, Greater Noida, India
Email: abha.rishi@bimtech.ac.in
KIRANPREET KAUR
Email: kiranpreet.kaur16@bimtech.ac.in
NATASHA MAHAWAR
Email: natasha.mahawar16@bimtech.ac.in
ABSTRACT
MakeMyTrip was a revolutionary e-commerce venture started in India in the year 2000,
which changed the way the Indian customers perceived about travel booking and
reservation being a time consuming job. During its journey the company has entered into a
lot of services like reservation of flight and train tickets, hotel bookings, tour and travel
packages etc. With its success in the Indian Continent, MakeMyTrip plans to cross the
national boundaries and establish its roots in other developed and emerging economics
such as Singapore, UAE and United States of America. The case deals with the countries
MakeMyTrip have entered, discussing about the market scenario and the entry strategies in
these countries. The scenario in online travel portals has undergone a sea change in the last
one decade. The fact is MakeMyTrip is not the sole online travel portal anymore though it
commands a huge slice of the pie and it faces huge competition from various companies
across the globe. Moreover, although MakeMyTrip has evolved dynamically in the past 15
years but it has not yet been listed in the top 10 online travel portals of the world.
Considering these factors MakeMyTrip needs to carefully analyze its working principles and
channelize its products.

30
th th
MANAGING A TURNAROUND AT THE SINGARENI COLLIERIES COMPANY

LIMITED (SCCL)
_________
R SRINIVASAN
Associate Professor of Corporate Strategy and Policy
Indian Institute of Management Bangalore
Bannerghatta Road, Bangalore – 560076. INDIA.
Email: srini@iimb.ernet.in
ARCHANA SHUKLA
Professor of Organization Behavior
Indian Institute of Management Lucknow
Prabandh Nagar, Off Sitapur Road, Lucknow – 226013. INDIA.
Email: archana@iiml.ac.in
ABSTRACT
The Singareni Collieries Company Limited is a coal mining company owned jointly by the
Andhra Pradesh Government and the Government of India. This case highlights the
turnaround of the company that was declared sick due to poor productivity and a
deteriorating industrial relations scenario. Having been referred to the BIFR once (in the
year 1992) and subsequent financial restructuring, a turnaround was achieved. However,
the turnaround was not sustained, and the company was referred to BIFR again in 1996.
This case traces the sequence of events and initiatives undertaken subsequent to the
second referral to BIFR that led to the second turnaround in the company. The case goes on
to highlight the need for, role of, and process of managing employee resistance to change as
a significant step in managing and sustaining a turnaround. The turnaround strategy is
highlighted with the successful handling of a stifling 17-day strike in 2003, and the
subsequent welfare, CSR, safety, and energy conservation measures to sustain the
turnaround and institutionalize the changes.
Keywords: Turnaround, Industrial Relations, Change management
Data Sources: Primary data collected from the company management through personal interviews with a
cross-section of managers and workers. Formal clearance to publish the case has been obtained and is
available with the author.

31
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KEEPING ON TRACK-FACULTY MANAGEMENT AT GOVERNMENT COLLEGE

UNIVERSITY (GCU) LAHORE
__________________
DR ANWAR KHURSHID
Email: anwar@lums.edu.pk
SARA ALVI
Email: alvi.sara@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
The case Faculty Management at GCU – Keeping on Track, explores the challenges faced by
a growing public sector university, GCU Lahore with respect to its faculty management.
Firstly, the issue was of attracting, motivating and retaining talented faculty towards mission
accomplishment and the vision of successful expansion of GCU Lahore. Secondly, the case
highlights the positive aspects as well as the issues resulting from the adoption of tenure-
track system (TTS) in GCU. The perception of inequity arose as two different systems i.e.
Basic Pay Scale (BPS) and Tenure Track System (TTS) were running parallel to each other
with very different HR practices like performance appraisals, compensation and incentives,
job security etc. The duality of the system led to feelings of inequity, dissatisfaction, hostility
and could ultimately lead brain-drain of talented faculty. Thirdly, the case discusses the
implication of diminishing attractiveness of TTS as the pay gap was shrinking between TTS
and BPS. Management’s vision that TTS would eventually replace BPS did not seem likely to
happen since TTS was becoming unattractive due to diminishing pay differential. Khaleeq
felt that the viability of TTS was at stake in the long run. This was a major cause of concern
as TTS faculty was backbone of research in the university and the ranking of GCU Lahore as a
university depended on quality of research output. Khaleeq’s tenure as VC was also coming
to an end and he didn’t know whether he would be given another term or not. The concerns
pertaining to faculty management needed to be addressed urgently by any incoming
incumbent of Vice Chancellorship as the quality of teaching, scholarship and research was
dependent upon competent and motivated faculty. The case emphasizes that faculty at
GCU, like any human resource in an organization, requires intrinsic and extrinsic rewards
commensurate to the output and performance standards expected of them in terms of
research and teaching quality. Also, a sense of equity must prevail so that faculty from both
streams would not feel unfairly treated with respect to each other.
Key words: Equity, faculty management, motivation, reward system

32
th th
TUNNELLING THOUGH RETAINING DIVIDENDS: EVIDENCE FROM LISTED

COMPANIES OF BANGLADESH
__________________
MOHAMMAD TAREQ, PHD
Assistant Professor
Department of Accounting & Information Systems
Room : 3063, MBA Building, Faculty of Business Studies
University of Dhaka, Dhaka University Campus, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
E-mail: mohammad.tareq@du.ac.bd
ABSTRACT
Research Questions/Issue: Tunnelling (also known as self-dealing transactions) are non-

arm’s length transactions with related parties of controlling shareholders for private benefit
at the cost of other shareholders. Tunnelling is a governance issue between controlling
shareholders and minority shareholders in both developed and developing countries.
However, most studies on tunnelling are in developed countries with the few exceptions of
studies in China, India and Mexico. In this paper, this particular area of deficiency in the
body of research on this issue is addressed by investigating whether the controlling
shareholders in Bangladeshi listed companies expropriate minority shareholders resources
through retaining dividends. The paper also study the organizational factors that enable
and/or encourage controlling shareholders to tunnel out minority shareholders resources
through retaining dividends.
Research Findings/Insights: Using six years data from 240 companies fixed effect regression
result shows that controlling shareholders with low cash flow right but with high control are
interested to give low cash dividend and keep cash in the company which they can use for
private benefit
Theoretical/Academic Implications: The contribution of the research lies in the fact that no
study has been done so far that investigates whether the controlling shareholders in
Bangladeshi listed companies expropriate minority shareholders resources through
retaining dividends.
Practitioner/Policy Implications: It is expected that this study will be informative to policy-
makers in both Bangladesh and other developing countries in respect of the refinement of
existing governance requirements/guidelines and their implementation by listed companies.
Keywords: Tunnelling, self-dealing transactions, minority shareholders, non-arm’s length

transactions

33
th th
UNDERSTANDING CONSUMERS’ BEHAVIOURAL INTENTION IN A SERVICE

ENVIRONMENT: A TEST OF TWO ALTERNATE MODELS
____________
SHEHELY PARVIN
Associate Professor
Department of Marketing, Faculty of Business Studies
University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh
Email: shehely@du.ac.bd
DR. JASHIM UDDIN

Assistant Professor
Department of Business Administration
East West University, A/2 Jahurul Islam Avenue, Jahurul Islam City, Dhaka
Bangladesh
Email: juddin@ewubd.edu
ABSTRACT
Due to the substantial advancement in the services sector globally in recent times, the
primary objective of this study was to examine two alternate models that have been
adopted from two classic studies for explaining consumers’ behavioural intention in a
service environment, specifically in the restaurant environment. For data collection, this
study used web-based survey by an online research organization and structural equation
modelling with AMOS has been chosen as a major data analysis tool. The empirical findings
unveils Alternate Model 2 as a better model in predicting consumers’ behavioural intention
and that there was increased acceptability of this model, originally tested in information
systems, in services marketing and consumer behaviour literature. As consequence, this
study is insightful to service managers for the appropriate design of service delivery systems
to satisfy consumers that, in turn, will create positive behavioural intention, particularly in
an unexplored sector like restaurant services. Moreover, findings from the restaurant
setting will also provide additional insights for the advancement of the growing worldwide
tourism and hospitality industry.
Key words: Expectation-Confirmation theory, not nested model comparison, restaurant

environment

34
th th
ACCESS TO FINANCE, STOCK MARKET DEVELOPMENT AND ECONOMIC

GROWTH IN BANGLADESH
_________________
M. SADIQUL ISLAM *
Professor (Department of Finance)
University of Dhaka, Bangladesh
Email: sadiq@du.ac.bd
M.A. BAQUI KHALILY

Executive Director
Institute of Microfinance, Dhaka, Bangladesh
ABSTRACT
This study analyzes the relationship between access to finance and the economic growth
of Bangladesh. Finance can induce growth through institutional credit and stock market
development. In this study, we examine the impact of both institutional credit and stock
market development. Based on annual data for the period between 1973 and 2014, the
relationship has been examined using vector error correction model. In addition, the
causalities among these variables have been examined through Granger causality test.
This study documents that access to credit and stock market development significantly
affect economic growth of Bangladesh. There is bi-directional causality between GDP
growth and access to credit. In other words, causality runs finance to growth and also
from growth to finance. This means that access to finance induces growth of the
country. Causality also runs from stock market capitalization to GDP growth and from
GDP growth to stock market capitalization. This brings new evidence that the growth of
stock market contributes to the economic growth of Bangladesh.
Keywords: Economic Growth, Access to Credit, Stock Market, Vector Error Correction
Model, Granger Causality.
* Corresponding Author

35
th th
FACTORS INFLUENCING ADOPTION AND USAGE OF MOBILE BANKING:

BANGLADESH EXPERIENCE
_______________
SADIA NOOR KHAN
Lecturer, Department of Banking and Insurance
University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
Email: sadiakhandu_14@yahoo.com
MAIMUNA AKTER
Lecturer, Department of Banking and Insurance
Email: maimuna.du@gmail.com
TANMOY ANANDO PAUL

Department of Finance
University of Dhaka,Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
Email: paul.tonmoy@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
The main objective of the present study is to investigate the factors, demographic variables
and users’ perception, that influence the adoption of mobile banking in Bangladesh. The
study also discusses the status of mobile banking usage using age, gender, and occupation
as demographic variables, and the perception of users toward mobile banking in terms of
trustworthiness, security, cost and convenience, complexity, and network availability. It
includes specific reference to how these demographic variables and users’ perception
influence mobile banking usage. A self administered questionnaire has been developed to
conduct a survey on a sample of 400 mobile banking users for a period of 4 years i.e.
2012 to 2015. Analysis has revealed that majority of the users are male and students of
age 20-24 years. They perceive mobile banking to be trustworthy, secured and cost
effective, though complex and vulnerable to network problem. Using panel regression
analysis the study has revealed that differences in demographic characteristics have no
influence over mobile banking adoption. It has also revealed that perception to security,
cost and convenience, and complexity in using mobile banking service influences variations
in mobile banking adoption. Conversely, perception to trustworthiness and network
problem has been found to have no influence; however, it has been found to have
influence on mobile banking adoption using score model assessment.
Keywords: Mobile Banking, Demographic Characteristics, Users’ Perception.

36
th th
INTERNATIONALIZATION AND PERFORMANCE: EVIDENCE FROM

BANGLADESHI BANKING SECTOR
________________
SUBORNA BARUA
Assistant Professor, Department of International Business, Faculty of Business Studies
Email: sbarua@du.ac.bd
TASNEEMA KHAN
Lecturer, Department of Banking and Insurance, Faculty of Business Studies
Email: tasneemakhan07@gmail.com
BIPASHA BARUA
Lecturer, Department of Banking and Insurance, Faculty of Business Studies
Email: bipashabarua18@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Internationalization of banking institutions has been more evident to a greater extent

recently due to the advancement of technology and global inter-connectedness of the
business world. Banks are more dynamically moving with this race compared to any other
businesses. As the ‘engine of economic growth’ banks are the dominant players in
Bangladesh financial market. Due to quick market saturation, highly competitive domestic
market and need for innovation, banks in Bangladesh are tending to move towards
international market. This research aims to study the nature and extent of international
banking activities practiced by Bangladeshi banks and tries to explore the related challenges
and policy perspectives. This paper also examines the impact of different
internationalization dimensions on financial performance of the banks. Out of total 56 banks
in the sector, examining 41 scheduled banks operating in Bangladesh in May 2015, the study
finds that Bangladeshi banks do not follow the usual internationalization path, tends to
more cost-intensive mode, are in defensive approach of internationalization, and face
several challenges and deficiencies in their current international banking practices.
However, internationalization has been found to be affecting the profitability positively as a
whole except that ‘international presence with physical infrastructure’ has opposite effect.
This paper contributes to existing literatures by: using new dimensions to define
internationalization, being the first study on internationalization of Bangladeshi banks, and
generating differentiated findings.
Keywords: Internationalization, Degree of Internationalization, International Banking,

Profitability, International Entry, International Expansion.
JEL Classification: M16, M20, N20, F23, G20, L10

37
th th
THE DETECTION OF EARNINGS MANIPULATION IN A DEVELOPING COUNTRY:

APPLICATION OF BENEISH MODEL APPROACH
________________
TAHMINA AHMED
Lecturer, Department of Accounting & Information Systems
University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh.
Email: tahmina@du.ac.bd
JANNATUL NAIMA
Lecturer, Department of Accounting & Information Systems
University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh.
Email: jannatul.naima89@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
The millennium has experienced some striking corporate frauds around the world. This
paper is an empirical work dedicated to detection of fraudulent financial reporting in an
emerging country, Bangladesh. Based on the prior research findings that argue that publicly
traded and competitive companies are less likely to practise fraudulent reporting, we
selected publicly listed non-financial companies of Bangladesh for study. To measure the
likelihood of fraudulent reporting, we incorporated Beneish Model (1999), determined M
scores of 102 firms from year 2011 to 2013, and categorized the firms into two groups. The
outcome reveals that the proportion of manipulator firms has been declining, indicating that
better reporting practices are ahead. The two groups were then tested using independent t-
test. The result suggests that Days Sales in Receivables Index, Asset Quality Index, Total
Accruals to Total Asset, and Selling, General Administrative Expense Index are the factors
that cause probable manipulation in Bangladesh.
Keywords: Accounting Red Flag, Bangladesh, Beneish M-Score, Fraudulent Reporting

38
th th
INDICATORS FOR DEVELOPING ETHNIC TOURISM IN BANGLADESH

____________
PROSANJIT SAHA
Lecturer, Department of Tourism and Hospitality Management
Email: prosanjit.thm@du.ac.bd
BIPLAB ROY
Lecturer, Department of Tourism and Hospitality Management
Email: biplab.thm@du.ac.bd
ABSTRACT
Ethnicity associated with a subculture in a society shares distinctive traditions, race,

language or even religion. Ethnic people are a wonder for modern tourist’s more succinctly
it becomes bliss for tourists to explore the lifestyles and be familiar with the inimitable
cultures of ethnic community which is why there is a strong need to develop such kind of
tourism. Bangladesh is the abode of around 45 smaller groups of ethnic or indigenous
people that covers almost 2 percent of the country’s total population. A structured
questionnaire has been constructed and tested on the samples to examine the key indicators
for developing ethnic tourism in Bangladesh. The study reveals a great opportunity for
Bangladesh to offer a unique tourism product in the form of cultural representation of
ethnic people but due to lack of budget allocation, appropriate promotion, infrastructural
and accommodation facilities it is yet to bloom in its fullest form. This paper aims to
elucidate the concept of ethnic tourism and identify the key indicators that need to be
underlined to develop this unique tourism product in Bangladesh.
Keywords: Allocation of Budget, Appropriate promotion, Ethnicity, Ethnic Tourism, Ethnic

Communities and SPSS.

39
th th
PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL SYSTEMS IN SMEs IN BANGLADESH
_______________________
DR. MUHAMMAD MOHIUDDIN
Professor, Department of Management
Faculty of Business Studies
University of Dhaka, Dhaka – 1000, Bangladesh
Email: moddin8@gmail.com or mohidin@du.ac.bd
ABSTRACT
SMEs are the backbone of Bangladesh economy and are the engine of the economic growth.
Now, 6m SMEs contribute 25 percent of GDP, employ about 31 million people and provide
75 percent of household incomes. Furthermore, it is the only sector to employ large
unemployed in Bangladesh. The literature survey reveals that no study ever done in the area
of performance appraisal systems in small and medium enterprises (SMEs) of Bangladesh.
The study was done on 120 SMEs. SME in manufacturing industry will mean a business
enterprise with either the value of fixed assets excluding land and factory building between
US $ 64,000 and US $3.8 million or with between 100 and 250 workers and in service
industry it will be between US $ 5,400 and US $ 1.9 million or with between 25 and 100
workers other than the family members.
The study found that performance appraisal was regularly done in all SMEs. Majority did it
informally with very little documentation and a few in formal manners with regular interval.
Check list method was widely used. Graphical rating scale is used for managerial people
only. No standard criteria were used for designing and conducting performance appraisal.
Criteria were set on the whim of owner-managers or managers. Performance appraisal is
done by the superiors only. The effectiveness of performance appraisal was thwarted by
bias, irrelevant or subjective judgement, central tendency, failure to use appraisal data,
halo effect and poor feedback to employee, and the lack of training of raters etc. The
findings would be benchmark information on performance appraisal situations in the SMEs
of Bangladesh. Thus, academicians, researchers and students will enrich their knowledge
from it.
Keywords: SME, Performance appraisal

40
th th
INFORMATION SYSTEMS STRATEGY FOR HEALTH CARE SECTORS: EVIDENCE

IN BANGLADESH
_________________
MD. RAKIBUL HOQUE
Assistant Professor, Department of Management Information Systems
University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh
E-Mail: rakibul@du.ac.bd
ABSTRACT
Information is the key resources for healthcare organization, so every nation needs good
Information Systems (IS) strategies, policies, and plans to improve health and healthcare.
However, the use of IS strategy in healthcare sectors in developing countries like Bangladesh
is under-developed and under-researched. This study examined the benefits of IS strategy in
healthcare organization in developing countries in general and Bangladesh in particular. This
study also focused on the current practice and key implementation challenges of Strategic
Information Systems Planning (SISP) in healthcare sectors in developing and transitional
economies. Finally, some recommendations are proposed to overcome the challenges using
a ‘hybrid’ approach.
Keywords: Information Systems Strategy, Healthcare, Bangladesh, Strategic Information

Systems Planning, Hybrid Approach.

41
th th
BUSINESS MODELS FOR INTRA-ASIA TRADE
___________
NIRAJ DAWAR
Professor
Ivey Business School, Western University, Canada
Email: ndawar@ivey.uwo.ca
CHARAN BAGGA
ABSTRACT
Emerging markets continue to account for the bulk of long term global consumption growth.
In Asia, the two giants, China and India, have very large emerging middle classes, with high
growth in consumption. In addition, our analysis of global trade data shows that intra-
emerging market trade id the fastest growing part of global trade. We draw implications for
the business models that will be required to serve these growing markets.

42
th th
THE ROLE OF GOVERNMENT IN ENHANCING THE INNOVATIVE

PERFORMANCE OF EMERGING MARKET FIRMS
___________________________
PROF. CHENGQI WANG CHENGQI
Nottingham University Business School, UK
Email: Wang@nottingham.ac.uk
PROF. MARIO KAFOUROS

Leeds University Business School, UK
Email: m.kafouros@leeds.ac.uk
DR PANAGIOTIS GANOTAKIS
Faculty of Business, University of Wollongong in Dubai, Dubai, UAE
Email: panagiotisganotakis@uowdubai.ac.ae
ABSTRACT
We examine the role of two types of firm-specific government involvement (government

affiliation and state ownership) in explaining the innovation performance of emerging
market enterprises (EMEs). Evidence derived from a dataset of more than 198,000 Chinese
firms reveals that government involvement not only enhances EMEs’ innovation
performance but also changes how the appropriability regime in a given environment
influences innovation outcomes. We show that although the enforcement of intellectual
property rights (IPR) is important for firms that are not politically connected, EMEs with
strong government ties use such connections to compensate for weak IPR regimes. Thus,
environments with weak IPR do not necessarily constrain the innovation performance of
politically connected firms but may actually constitute a determinant of innovation.
Keywords: Emerging Market Multinationals, Innovation Performance, State Owned

Enterprises

43
th th
TARIFF GROWTH NEXUS IN PAKISTAN

_______________
DR FAHD REHMAN
Assistant Professor of Economics
Suleman Dawood School of Business (SDSB)
Lahore University of Management Sciences (LUMS), Pakistan.
Email: fahd.rehman@lums.edu.pk
DR UMMAD MAZHAR
Associate Professor of Economics
Seeta Majeed School of Liberal Arts and Social Sciences
Beaconhouse National University (BNU), Lahore, Pakistan.
Email: ummad.mazhar@bnu.edu.pk
ABSTRACT
An important unresolved puzzle in trade policy analysis is the consequences of reducing

trade restrictions. The long standing tariff-trade nexus still haunts researchers and policy
makers alike because of its context and country specific nature. The issues are especially
pertinent to developing countries due to comprehensive implications of trade policy actions
for current generation but also for future ones. In this context this paper contributes, first,
by carefully collecting and analysing various strands of thought on the potential role of tariff
in economic development. Adopting broad spectrum we give equal coverage to non-
mainstream views. Our analysis suggest that there exists a strong case for tariff’s positive
impact on economic growth especially in the initial stages of development. Our second
contribution is to gather empirical evidence focusing on Pakistan’s trade dynamics over 1972
to 2013 period. Again, insulating our analysis from any a priori bias we adopt General to
Specific modelling approach to find most congruent representation of underlying data
generating process. Our specific model indicates statistically significant impact of tariff on
economic growth. This effect holds after controlling for sectoral contributions from
manufacturing and agriculture, the overall political influences, and own past effect of
economic growth. Our results are robust against alternative measure of dependent
variable; and remain intact even if we replace trade to GDP ratio as measure of trade
openness. The latter finding provides motivation for further research.
Keywords: Tariff; Trade; Pakistan; Structural Change; General to Specific
JEL Codes: F1. F13. F14. F43. F63

44
th th
SUPPLIER SOCIAL COMPLIANCE: INSTITUTIONAL THEORY AND

ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE
_______________________________
MUHAMMAD SHAKEEL SADIQ JAJJA
Assistant Professor, Suleman Dawood School of Business
Lahore University of Management Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
Email: ssj@lums.edu.pk
MOHAMMED ASIF
Assistant Professor, College of Business Administration
Prince Sultan University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Email: masif@psu.edu.sa
FRANK MONTABON
Associate Professor, Iowa State University College of Business
Iowa State University, Iowa, USA
Email: montabon@iastate.edu
KAMRAN ALI CHATHA

Associate Professor, Suleman Dawood School of Business
Email: kamranali@lums.edu.pk
ABSTRACT
This paper theorizes the impact of institutional pressures on supplier social compliance. In
addition the paper argues that the impact of institutional pressures on supplier social
compliance is moderated by supplier’s organizational culture. The hypothesized model is
tested using data of 164 suppliers from apparel manufacturing sector of Pakistan. Empirical
examination finds that (a) institutional pressures have positive impact on supplier social
compliance and (b) organizational culture has partial moderation effect. The theoretical and
practical implications of the findings are discussed.
Keywords: Buyer-Supplier Relationship, Sustainability, Developing Country, Empirical

Research, Apparel Industry

45
th th
RESTRUCTURING OF PAKISTAN RAILWAYS BOARD

_____________________
MUHAMMAD ABDUR RAHMAN MALIK
Suleman Dawood School of Business
Lahore University of Management Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan.
Email: abdur.malik@lums.edu.pk
ABSTRACT
Pakistan Railways (PR) - a state owned transportation company - was facing financial losses
for several years in a row. The newly appointed federal minister (appointed in 2013) was
trying to turnaround the organization. An important step of his efforts was restructuring the
PR Board - the highest executive body of Pakistan Railways - as an effective board was a pre-
requisite for an efficient organization.
This case discusses the challenges regarding the restructuring of PR Board. A related
decision was the selection of a suitable chairman of PR board, who can lead the change
initiative from the front. The case presents some of the possible structures that PR can
adopt, with pro and cons of each structure. The case also presents some of the options
regarding the selection of chairman for the board.
The teaching note makes it clear that the structure of an organization is closely linked with
its mission and strategy. Hence, PR should first clarify its mission and strategy. It would be
sensible to finalize the structure of the board only after finalizing the organizational mission
and strategy. The note also makes it clear that any ad-hoc change will take PR farther from
its goal of becoming an efficient and effective organization.
Keywords: Organizational Structure, Board of Directors, Strategy, Role Ambiguity.

46
th th
THE DILEMMA OF OVERSUBSCRIPTION: THE CASE OF PAKISTANI EUROBONDS

_____________
ZAGHUM UMAR
Email: zaghum.umar@lums.edu.pk
ABSTRACT
On 10th April 2014, Ministry of Finance, Government of Pakistan, revealed that the Pakistani
Eurobond received an overwhelming response from the international capital markets and
was subscribed about three times over the expected value. The Finance Minister, Ishaq Dar,
projected the oversubscription as a success story and indicated that this tremendous
response is due to the promising economic situation of the country. The initial target for the
current government was to raise $500 million by issuing the Eurobond but the government
was successful in raising $1 billion by issuing five-year bonds and an additional $1 billion
through the ten-year bonds. The five-year and ten-year tenure bonds were floated at a fixed
rate of 7.25 and 8.25 percent, respectively. As much as the issue of Eurobond restored
confidence in the Pakistani economy, the bonds were issued at a very high cost. The five-
year tenure bond gave a 5.58 percent higher interest rate than the benchmark five-year rate
for the US Treasury bond and the ten-year tenure bond gave 5.56 percent over the
equivalent US Treasury bond. It posed great responsibility on the government to efficiently
utilize the funds raised through the Eurobond and on sustainable revenue generating
projects. Another important concern was the exchange rate volatility. In event of
depreciation of the Pakistani rupee against US Dollar, the loan becomes even more
expensive. Given that the Eurobonds issue was much more than the initial intended
amount, the purpose of this case study is to look at this decision in light of the above factors
and how favorable is this move in the medium and long-term for Pakistan.
Keywords: Eurobonds, sovereign debt, emerging markets

47
th th
COLLABORATION AND CONFLICT AT CHIEF MINISTER’s INITIATIVE ON

PRIMARY HEALTHCARE
_____________
MOHSIN BASHIR
Assistant Professor
Lahore University of Management Sciences, Opposite Sector U, DHA Lahore, Pakistan
Email: mohsinb@lums.edu.pk
ABSTRACT
This case study is about an organization titled “Chief Ministers Initiative on Primary Health
Care (CMIPHC).” The organization was created as collaboration between the government of
Punjab province in Pakistan and a local non-profit organization named “Punjab Rural
Support Program (PRSP).”
CMIPHC was given control of Basic Health Units (BHU) in 12 out of 36 districts of Punjab
however, in other aspects of public health the infrastructure was retained by the Provincial
Health Department. Throughout its operation despite, signs of success, CMIPHC had come
under criticism from officials of the Provincial Health Department and Local Government
Administration.
In 2014, the conflict had reached a point where the provincial government had started
considering the closure of CMIPHC and returning BHU’s to the Provincial Health
Department. The final decision was to be taken after a third party evaluation. While, the
CMIPHC leadership was confident that a third party evaluation would favour the
collaboration, they were still concerned about the financial and functional stability of their
organization.
The instruction manual uses a resource dependency framework to analyze the facts
presented by the case and aims to help the students better understand the opportunities
and threats posed by collaborators approaches to public service delivery.
Keywords: Collaboration, Conflict, Network, Public Health, Organizational Politics

48
th th
KALAM: A SUSTAINABLE GIFT?
____________
SALMAN KHAN
Email: salman.khan@lums.edu.pk
ABSTRACT
The case primarily deals with an enterprising young entrepreneur Saad Sahil who faces an
unexpected situation. He receives an offer of investment of Pakistani Rupees 3 million in
his part-time startup which produces gifts using calligraphic art. He needs the money
however he does not know how much money he actually need in order to take the startup
to a whole new level against how much ownership he is willing to give up. The decision
revolves around the control versus being rich.
Keywords: Entrepreneurship, Entrepreneurial Finance, Startup Valuation. Venture Capital

Deal, Business Cycle

49
th th
SERVICE SALES CORPORATION: THE WHOLESALE CHALLENGE
_________________________
MUHAMMAD LUQMAN AWAN
Email: awanmuhammadluqman@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Ahmed Hussain had just concluded an intense phone call with the largest wholesaler in
the central region. The wholesaler had made it clear to Ahmed that he would not use his
current month budget to buy from Service Sales Corporation (SSC) unless Ahmed matches
the offer being made by one of his competitors in terms of discounts on purchase. Ahmed
had been at SSC for well over 5 years, having arrived back to Pakistan after studying at
Carnegie Mellon University. He had been appointed as Country Head Wholesales just over
a year ago. However, his previous education and experience had not prepared him for
such a challenge in the unstructured footwear industry of Pakistan
The case focuses primarily on the power of channel partners within an industry.
The importance of the wholesaler in the context of SSC is discussed and their role within
the value chain is elaborated upon. The objective is for the class to assess the
business situation presented before them in the case and evaluate the options under
discussion.
The situation is considered so serious that key executives within the company are
considering getting out of the wholesale channel and focusing on retail only. Ahmed and
his team however are not willing to let go of 30% of the company’s revenues and have
proposed bypassing the wholesalers and selling directly to private independent non-
exclusive retailers. Another option put forward is to launch a brand into the wholesale
channel at a lower price point.

50
th th
AWAIS MODEL FARMS
_________________
KAMRAN ALI CHATHA
ZUNAIR TALAT
Email: 16110206@lums.edu.pk
ABDULLAH NAEEEM
Email: 16110219@lums.edu.pk
ABSTRACT
Saeed Anwar, the sole proprietor of Awais Model Farms (AMF), had to make a decision of
whether to grow corn or cotton in the fall season. Although he knew the key parameters
effecting the decision, he was not able to reach any conclusion because of the numerous
uncertainties involved in the decision making process. His son, Awais Saeed, tried to come
up with an excel model in order to help his father making the decision. Awais discussed the
key uncertainties with experts (farmers) and gathered all the cost and revenue data. The
decision maker, Saeed Anwar, wanted to know which crop he should grow on the basis of
greater expected profit.
Keywords: Decision Analysis, Modeling Uncertainty, Decision tree, Palisade Software Suite,
Risk profiles

51
th th
SHARIAH COMPLIANT CAPITAL PROTECTED FUND IN TURBULENT TIMES

_______________
FERHANA AHMAD
Lahore University of Management Sciences, Pakistan
Email: ferhana.ahmad@lums.edu.pk
SYED FAZAL JAWAD

Email: fazal.jawad@lums.edu.pk
ABSTRACT
The case documents the investment strategies for capital protected fund (CPF) launched by
Al Meezan Investment Pakistan in May 2008. The Meezan CPF (MCPF) was the first ever
shariah compliant capital protected fund offered in Pakistan. The fund expired in June 2011
with a return of 30.08% along with providing full capital protection.
The case is based on the scenario the fund manager is facing due to the closure of Karachi
stock exchange (KSE) in 2008. The shutting down of KSE and the continuous downward
trend of the equity market has resulted in a poor performance by MCPF during the first
thirteen months from its launch providing a yield of nearly 0.21% on its assets with a
negative yield for the most part of the first year. The fund manager needs to provide a
strategy that not only ensures a capital protection of the initial assets but also a high return
to make the fund a success on its maturity. The case forces students to learn about different
methodologies for investments with main focus on constant proportion portfolio
investment (CPPI) methodology. The students are urged to provide a simulation for a CPPI
methodology to show higher returns on the MCPF along with full capital protection.
Keywords: Shariah compliant capital protected funds, constant proportion portfolio

investment methodology, simulation, investment strategies.

52
th th
KOHINOOR MAPLE LEAF CEMENT – THE JOURNEY OF BUSINESS

TRANSFORMATION
________________________
MUHAMMAD ADEEL ZAFFAR
Email: adeel.zaffar@lums.edu.pk
SYED ZAHOOR HASSAN

Email: zahoor@lums.edu.pk
ABSTRACT
The case traces the journey of Kohinoor Maple Leaf Cement’s transformation over an 11
year period (2004-2015) under the helm of a newly appointed CEO Sayeed Saigol. In the
early days, this family-run business relied entirely on a handful of distributers to sell cement.
The young CEO realized that survival in a highly commoditized market with such a model
would not be sustainable. Therefore, Maple Leaf gradually shifted away from the
distributors and transformed its role within the value chain by establishing direct
relationship with truckers, retailers and masons. The focus also shifted towards better
understanding the energy dependent aspects of the business from sourcing of raw
materials, to production and distribution of cement. These changes were enabled by a
series of internal transformations including re-organization, acquiring necessary knowledge
and skills regarding distribution networks and the overall transformation of the
organizational DNA from being a traditional cement manufacturer to a more energy
conscious cement production and distribution company. A unique aspect of this
transformational journey was the involvement of Arif Ejaz, adviser to the CEO. Arif was
brought on board by the CEO because he had vast experience in transforming
underperforming organizations in non-cement industries and also because he was a long-
time family friend. Arif’s role as a mentor to the young CEO is evident in the backdrop of
Maple Leaf’s journey and adds an additional dimension of how a seasoned professional can
be utilized by relatively young CEOs in major transformational efforts.
Keywords: organizational transformation, value chain, change management, information

technology, family business

53
th th
BANK EARNINGS VOLATILITY DURING FINANCIAL CRISES: THE

ROLE OF BANK SIZE AND MARKET CONCENTRATION
__________________________
CHOUDHRY TANVEER SHEHZAD
SDSB, Lahore University of Management Sciences, Phase 5, DHA, Lahore, Pakistan
Email: tanveer.shehzad@lums.edu.pk
JAKOB DE HAAN
University of Groningen, The Netherlands; CESifo, Munich, Germany; De Nederlandsche
Bank, The Netherlands
ABSTRACT
This paper examines how bank earnings volatility during financial crises varies with market
concentration and bank size. Using data for more than 13,000 banks for the period 1996-
2010 and Prais-Winsten panel regression analysis, we find that the marginal effect of
financial crises on bank earnings volatility increases with absolute bank size. This result
holds if we exclude the most recent financial crisis and if we use relative bank size. It also
holds both for OECD and non-OECD economies. Our results also indicate that earnings
volatility decreases with market concentration in the wake of a financial crisis.
Keywords: Bank Size, Financial Crises, Bank Earnings, Earnings volatility, Bank Risk

54
th th
THE WHITE FOOD COMPANY
____________________
MR. ABDUL RAUF, ACA
Lahore University of Management Sciences – Pakistan
Email: abdul.rauf@lums.edu.pk
DR. FAZAL JAWAD SEYYED

Lahore University of Management Sciences – Pakistan
ABSTRACT
This is an introductory case for development of strategy map and balanced scorecard for a
small food processing startup. It provides detailed background information of the company
so the participants can understand the problems, even before developing a balanced
scorecard, that TWFC faced and the problems that brought the business in the current
Catch-22 situation. It then presents the narrative of the key employees on the past
performance and their vision for the future of the company for development of strategy
map and balanced scorecard. It enables participants to appreciate how the balanced
scorecard approach is different from an ad hoc collection of Key Performance Indicators
(KPIs).
The case was originally developed for use in “Accountability and Control Module” of the
Executive Certificate in Agribusiness Management (ECAM) program designed for senior and
middle level executives working in agribusiness firms. It is designed to help students to
understand the need of a systematic and coherent framework for designing a strategy and
the use of balanced scorecard for this purpose.
Keywords: Balanced Scorecard, BSC, performance management, performance

measurement, strategy, strategic planning, Key Performance Indicators (KPIs), management
accounting

55
th th
SOCIAL CAPITAL AND FIRM’S SUSTAINABLE BEHAVIOR: THE MODERATING

ROLES OF HETEROPHILY AND MARKET UNCERTAINTY
_____________
NAEEM ASHRAF
Assistant Professor
Email: naeem.ashraf@lums.edu.pk
KAMAL BADDAR
Assistant Professor
Institute of Management Sciences, University of Baluchistan, Pakistan
Email: kamal.badar1980@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
This study contributes to understanding of the three way interaction effect of network
closure - social capital, heterophily and market uncertainty on the sustainable behavior of
firms. Extending the social capital theory, it is argued that nature and effects of firm’s
position in and structure of its partnership network is contingent on heterophilous financial
status of its partners, particularly when firm operates in a highly uncertain market. Support
for hypotheses come from the ego network of 159 firms belonging to 80 industries and 22
developing countries during the years 2007 to 2009 in the carbon offset market.
Keywords: Social capital; Heterophily; Market uncertainty; Carbon market

56
th th
OVERSEAS COURIER SERVICES, PAKISTAN: LOGISTICS OPERATIONS AT

CENTRAL REGION
______________________
MUHAMMAD NAIMAN JALIL
Email: muhammad.jalil@lums.edu.pk
EESHA SHAMIM SHAH

Email: eesha1993@hotmail.com
ABSTRACT
Overseas Courier Services (OCS) Pakistan provides quick package delivery services to its
business and individual customers for inter-city and intra-city routes. OCS utilizes a
combination of delivery vans (i.e. runners), trucks, trains and airfreight for inter-city
shipments. Intra-city shipments, on the other hand, solely relied on motor cycle riders and
runners.
Rising fuel costs and increased market competition accompanied with declining margins
requires OCS management look for cost efficiencies in their logistics operations, specifically
in their intra-city transportation costs. The current intra city routing network in Lahore,
house of the regional headquarter (HQ), is considered inefficient. Alternative route planning
techniques could potentially result in significant cost savings. Moreover, increasing
population expansion, supported by a gradual infrastructure expansion made the current
regional HQ location (Icchra - Lahore) increasingly congested. Hence, OCS management is
also concerned about relocation of the regional HQ to a suitable congestion free location.
The primary purpose of this case is to expose students to the strategic and tactical decisions
in logistics and supply chain operations. Analysis of various routing (a tactical decision)
techniques can help understand the drivers of cost savings in intra city transport planning.
The case also provides students an opportunity to analyze relocation of the HQ’s location (a
strategic decision). Finally, the case highlights how these strategic and tactical decisions are
interrelated in nature and joint consideration of these decisions can yield maximum cost
savings. This case can be used in undergraduate and MBA level supply chain course within
distribution and transportation module.
Keywords: logistics operations, network design, transportation, routing

57
th th
ISLAM AND CSR: AN ANALYSIS OF ‘UN GLOBAL COMPACT’ FROM THE

PERSPECTIVE OF ORTHODOX ISLAM
_________________________
MUHAMMAD OSAMA NASIM MIRZA
Email: osama.nasim@lums.edu.pk
ABSTRACT
The existing literature on Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and Islam shows that
researchers have tried to understand Islamic perspective on CSR by directly engaging with
the sources of Islam and have ignored the views of orthodox Islamic scholars. Considering
the views of these orthodox Islamic scholars is important because it is this class who often
provide the authoritative understanding of Islam on a particular issue. In this work, the
author has checked the compatibility between Islamic teachings, from the perspective of
orthodox Islamic scholars, and the ‘ten principles’ of UN Global Compact relating to
responsible business. This is done by conducting face to face interviews of Muftis (most
qualified orthodox Islamic scholars) located in Pakistan. This study shows that orthodox
Islamic scholars reject UN Global Compact as minimum standard for socially responsible
business because of complete or partial incompatibility of the principles relating to human
rights, freedom of association and right to collective bargaining and child labour with Islamic
teaching. This finding challenges existing understanding on Islam and CSR in Western
academia and provides an alternative non-Western perspective in CSR research. In this way,
this paper extends and enriches the conversations on Islam and CSR in Management and
Organization Studies.
Keywords: Islam, CSR, UN Global Compact, Labour Rights, Human Rights

58
th th
THE SOCIAL CONSTRUCTION OF ORGANIZATIONAL FRAUD

_________________________
MUHAMMAD JUNAID ASHRAF
Suleman Dawood School of Business, LUMS, Lahore, Pakistan
Email: jashraf@lums.edu.pk
ABSTRACT
Scholars from diverse fields including economics, law, sociology, criminology and, closer to
home, accounting and management are interested in “fraud”. In common parlance fraud is
often attributed to a weakness of character - fraudsters are villains - people of high moral
standing avoid such social ugliness. Most academic research, especially that in
management and accounting, views fraud in a similar functional manner (Brody et al.,
2012). It concentrates on the individual(s) perpetrating fraud, the social or organizational
circumstances that instigate and perpetuate such acts (Efendi et al., 2007), and how to
identify and prevent fraudulent activities (Murphy and Dacin, 2011). Here the phenomena
of fraud is given an objective taken-for-granted reality, i.e., it represents a deviation by an
individual, group or an organization from established rules, laws and or ethical standards.
Such deviance is attributed to psychological or economic factors (Zahra et al., 2005) and it
is assumed that its prevention requires organizations to adopt policies and procedures
described in the accounting literature as internal controls. However, recently some
accounting academics have challenged the presumption that fraud has an objective reality,
manifested in deviant behavior of fraudsters, and instead they have emphasized the
subjective and socially constructed nature of organizational fraud (Power, 2013; Cooper et
al., 2013).
This investigation of fraud in a Forest Department in Pakistan pursues this line of thought.
It uses Becker’s theory of deviance (Becker, 1963) to demonstrate that fraud is a label
ascribed by one organizational group on another, and fraud lies not primarily in the deviant
(fraudulent) behavior of its perpetrators but is a product of entrenched power structures
that enable powerful groups to label less powerful groups, as ‘fraudsters’. In the case
study, the powerful ‘officers’ labeled the weaker group, the forest guards and the block
officers, as perpetrators of forest theft. The capacity of the officers to label others
stemmed from subtle power relations embedded in organizational routines that helped
shape an organizational agenda that disadvantaged forest guards (Bachrach and Baratz,
1962). A constellation of internal controls held forest guards responsible for all cases of
theft. However, despite the internal controls failing to curb fraud they were critical in
labeling forest guards as corrupt as they helped construct the notion of ‘corrupt’, (Bachrach
and Baratz, 1962). The arrangement of internal controls enabled officers to label forest
guards as corrupt whilst simultaneously demanding improvements in specific internal
controls. Their failure confirmed the labeling of forest guards as corrupt and the need for
further improvements in specific controls. Thus each successive cycle of failed internal
control reforms furthered the labelling of a specific group of employees, forest guards, as
fraudsters.
Keywords: Organizational Fraud, Internal Control, Accounting

59
th th
PAKWHEELS.COM – THE NEXT CHALLENGE!!

____________________
SARAH SUNEEL SARFRAZ
Graduate Teaching Fellow, Suleman Dawood School of Business
Lahore University of Management Studies, Lahore, Pakistan.
Email: Sarah.sarfraz@lums.edu.pk
DR. FARRAH ARIF

Assistant Professor, Suleman Dawood School of Business
Lahore University of Management Studies, Lahore,Pakistan.
Email: Farrah@lums.edu.pk
ABSTRACT
PakWheels.com is a vertical automotive portal, founded in 2003 and acquired by

entrepreneurs Raza Saeed and Suneel Munj in 2008. Over the last twelve years of its
operations, PakWheels.com has helped millions of Pakistanis buy & sell cars and bikes, read
automotive reviews and news, check automotive prices and find solutions to their
automotive needs. Despite tough competition PakWheels has steadily managed to grow its
market share owing largely to its cult-like following of a very loyal user base.
In Dec 2014, Frontier Digital Ventures, a Malaysian venture capital fund focused on online
classifieds businesses in the emerging markets, made an investment of $3.5 Million into
PakWheels.com. While the team was preparing to develop an aggressive growth strategy,
their legal counsel informed them about the possibility of a discriminating cyber-crime
prevention bill called PECA (Prevention of Electronic Crimes Act), which was in the approval
process by the national assembly. Moreover, it was expected that their main competitor
OLX would be launching a huge and expensive media campaign of about $ 0.5 million to
introduce its used car section in the local market.
Going forward, Raza and Suneel knew they needed to lay out a clear and compelling
strategy and answer some tough questions. What should PakWheels team do to retain
community engagement culture if PECA 2015 gets implemented? Should they match OLX
media budgets and respond with their own ATL campaign? Or maybe just wait and
strengthen their basic product & technology and see how the market changes in the future.
Keywords: Ecommerce Channel Development, entrepreneurial marketing, disruptive

innovation, start up market challenges & adapting to changing digital environment.

60
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THEORETICAL DEVELOPMENT IN MANUFACTURING STRATEGY

_________________
KAMRAN ALI CHATHA
IRFAN BUTT
College of Economics & Political Science
Sultan Qaboos University
University P.O. Box 50, Al Khoud Muscat 123, Oman
Email: Irfanb@squ.edu.om
MAMOONA ARSHAD
Email: mamoona.arshad@lums.edu.pk
ABSTRACT
This paper reports the extent of theory development in manufacturing strategy (MS)
literature by reviewing a total of 133 quantitative empirical articles published during the last
50 years (i.e. 1966-2015) in top-tier refereed international journals in the area of
manufacturing strategy (MS). Distinct trends are identified in theory development, both in
terms of theory building and theory testing. At the same time, the extent of indigenous
theory development within the MS literature and / or the import of theories from other
management disciplines is explored.
Keywords: Manufacturing strategy, theory building, theory testing, theory development,

operations management

61
th th
A THREE SIDED MODEL OF SEARCH
_________________
ATIF SAEED CHAUDRY
Lahore University of Management Sciences, Lahore Pakistan
Email: atif.saeed@lums.edu.pk
ABSTRACT
This paper develops a search based multi-agent model to analyze the search and matching
decisions of a firm that can employ two types of labor. The labor types can be substitutes or
complements of each other, depending on relative productivity levels of the two types. In
this paper, I find that firms needing the services of both types of labor may search
sequentially instead of searching for both types at the same time even in the presence of
random search. Employment and unemployment levels of labor are non-monotonic and
may decrease in own productivity, and is also discontinuous. Aggregate welfare and value of
search is also non-monotonic. It was also found that unemployment levels of a particular
type may respond to changes in the output of the other type, even if its own productivity
does not change. This model can explain cyclical unemployment levels, and can be used as a
framework for many areas like outsourcing, real estate, theory of team formation, finance
and banking.
Keywords: Labor, Search, Random Search, Directed Search

62
th th
CAPITAL DAIRY: BUFFALO VS. COW DECISION
_____________________
HASSAN RAUF CHAUDHRY
Email: Hassan.rauf@lums.edu.pk
SYED ZAIN UL ABIDIN

Email: Syed.zain@lums.edu.pk
ABSTRACT
This case is about the experience of an entrepreneur in setting up a dairy business. The case
highlights the dynamics of dairy business in Pakistani market. It also elaborates the value
chain of the dairy business along with the milking life cycle of the cattle. The case explains
the setting up of a cattle farm and the systems to manage the business. It highlights the
important elements of managing the cattle farming business along with the business
dynamics. The case elucidates the role of farm workers and the systems needed to manage
the business. The case also provides information on the economics of managing and running
a cattle farm. The major cost elements are food and overheads. The yield determines the
revenue side of the business and is directly related to the farm management practices. The
case ends where the entrepreneur wants to review his business model of selling buffalo milk
and wants to work out the dynamics of cow milk business.
Keywords: Dairy business, SME, Entrepreneurship, Farm management

63
th th
SOCIETY OF PAKISTAN ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHERS (SPELT)

THE FINANCIAL SUSTAINABILITY CHALLENGE
__________________
Dr. SYED MUBASHIR ALI
Lahore University of Management Sciences
DHA, Lahore Cantt. 54792, Pakistan
Email: smali@lums.edu.pk
Ms ASIMA REHMAN
DHA, Lahore Cantt. 54792, Pakistan
ABSTRACT
Analysis of Society of Pakistan English Language Teachers’ (SPELT) annual financial

report for the year 2005-2006 was encouraging for Professor Zakia Sarwar. In
comparison with the previous years’ financial reports SPELT had made slight progress
towards achieving financial sustainability. Since, the organization was expanding
countrywide it was becoming even more important to achieve financial sustainability
to carry out SPELT’s mission and its own development and expansion. Professor
Sarwar and SPELT management team had to incorporate various revenue raising
options in SPELT’s future planning.
In the scenario of social sector organizations in developing countries, such as Pakistan,

the emerging factor of financial self-sustainability has never been as emphasized as it
is today. The case examines, by and large, problems of financial sustainability faced by
organizations having great potential in terms of expansion and growth. It also
highlights the importance of strategic thinking and effective planning for professional
networks and voluntary associations.
Keywords: NGO Management, Financial Sustainability, Volunteerism, Vision & Mission

64
th th
DECISION-SUPPORT MEDIA FEATURES: DOING MORE HARM THAN GOOD?
______________
SHAZIB E. SHAIKH
Lahore University of Management Sciences (LUMS), Lahore, Pakistan
EmaiL: shazib@lums.edu.pk
ABSTRACT
Can computers de-bias decision-making better than humans? Empirical evidence is

inconsistent and does not account for variations within computerized media. A theory that
does, Media Richness Theory, remains controversial. The author of the aforementioned
theory has already proposed “Reflection-Conducive Media Theory” that brings to the
decision-support domain, four media features, identified by Media Synchronicity Theory.
Untested to date, this paper reports on a first experimental study that focuses on two
central media features originally predicted to reduce cognitive bias: “interactivity” and
“revisability”. The findings are that in several scenarios, our predictions have been
contradicted. Instead of the immediacy of feedback reducing bias, interactivity tends to
result in the bias of over-weighting visible choices—unless the choices in memory are
already quite vivid. Hence, the second feature—being able to revise one's decision—only
improves our results when interactive feedback is disabled. In combination with it, the bias
can even be greater than instances without both features. These computer-based findings
are not replicated in paper-based cases, but we still see biases unaffected by presence or
absence of the two tested features. This suggests that before we compare variations in
corrective de-biasing features, we need to control for preventative de-biasing features.
Finally, an important contribution of this study is that it has helped in identifying probable
causes for the features causing more harm to the human judgment. This should be valuable
to future research.
Keywords: cognitive bias, decision-support systems, de-biasing, media richness, computer-

mediated communication

65
th th
INVESTOR’S CHOICE OF SHARIAH COMPLIANT ‘REPLICAS’ AND ORIGINAL

ISLAMIC INSTRUMENTS
______________
DR. SAAD AZMAT
Suleman Dawood School of Business, Lahore University of Management Sciences
Email: saad.azmat@lums.edu.pk
DR. MUHAMMAD NAIMAN JALIL

Suleman Dawood School of Business, Lahore University of Management Sciences
Email: muhammad.jalil@lums.edu.pk
MICHAEL SKULLY
Department of Banking and Finance, Monash University, Victoria, Australia
KYM BROWN
Department of Banking and Finance, Monash University, Victoria, Australia
ABSTRACT
Based on theoretical modelling, this paper offers a behavioral perspective as to why Islamic
capital markets are dominated by financial instruments that almost replicate conventional
financial products (with Islamic debt bonds and Islamic equities). In contrast, original Islamic
instruments that involve risk and return sharing (Musharakah), have failed to emerge. In the
absence of these Islamic replicas, the investor’s choice was once simply between Islamic and
non-Islamic instruments. Along with risk and return, Shariah consciousness (or religious
adherence from a financial perspective) was an integral part of investor utility. As Shariah
standards gave (religious) legitimacy to different financial structures, the investors could
choose between different Shariah compliant products including both replicas and original
Islamic instruments. We argue that, once the investor’s intrinsic need for Shariah
compliance is fulfilled, an instrument’s risk-return features becomes more important.
So for loss averse investors with shorter evaluation periods (or investment periods), the loss
sharing feature of risk and return Islamic instruments (Musharkah) makes them less
attractive than Islamic debt bonds. For longer evaluation periods (or investment periods),
Islamic equities are also shown to outperform the traditional Islamic risk and return
(Musharakah) instruments. Using the S&P Dow Jones Total Return Index for bond data and
the Dow Jones World Islamic Index for Islamic equities, we empirically confirm these views
using simulations. Our findings suggest that Islamic debt bonds and Islamic equities jointly
crowd out original Islamic risk and return (Musharakah) instruments.

66
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PROFITABILITY OF MOMENTUM STRATEGIES – APPLICATION IN THE KARACHI

STOCK EXCHANGE
______________________
DR. FAZAL JAWAD SEYYED1*
DR. IMTIAZ UL HAQ2
MUHAMMAD SAAD IMTIAZ3
FAIZ AHMED4
1,2,3,4
Email1: Fazal.jawad@lums.edu.pk
Email2: Imtiaz.haq@lums.edu.pk
Email3: 15110212@lums.edu.pk
Email4: faiz.ahmed186@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Based on a sample of stocks from the Karachi Stock Exchange, we aim to better understand
the Pakistani stock market by exploring and evaluating the presence of price momentum.
Using different trading positions and several combinations of inertia and holding periods,
we test profitability of momentum strategies. We find strong presence of price momentum
for all trading positions. Most momentum portfolios outperform the overall market. We
repeat our analysis with liquidity filters to provide a more robust investment strategy to
traders and find momentum to be present and significant. Furthermore, we apply Carhart
Four-Factor Model (1997) to explain the contribution of each factor to excess returns in
Pakistani stocks and conclude that momentum effect is significant in the Pakistani stock
market.
Keywords: Equity Investments; Investment Strategies; Portfolio Management; Profitability

of Momentum Strategy in an Emerging Equity Market.

67
th th
FAYSAL BANK LIMITED – AGRICULTURE FINANCING STRATEGY
______________________
SYED ZAHOOR HASSAN
DHA, Lahore Cantt, 54792, Pakistan
Email: zahoor@lums.edu.pk
ABSTRACT
This case describes Faysal Bank Limited (FBL) agriculture finance division’s ten-year journey
of offering financial services to the agricultural sector in Pakistan. The agriculture division at
FBL was started in June 2004 to fulfil the requirement of State Bank of Pakistan (SBL). It had
launched many innovative services and had been recognized as a model agricultural bank by
SBL, receiving support for several new initiatives.
The case describes the role and commitment of the head of agriculture division at FBL, Ali
Raza in developing the agriculture division and shaping its strategy. The challenges of
dealing with this sector included the high level of uncertainty associated with the crop yields
and market prices, and the disadvantaged position of the farmer, especially the small
farmers, with respect to the other players in the agriculture value chain. Moreover, the use
of inefficient farming practices and lack of availability of new agriculture know-how to the
small farmers led to situations where these farmers periodically suffered losses and hence
were unable to return their loans.
Mr. Ali Raza had launched a new initiative to employ intermediaries who would not only
ensure provision of appropriate farming technology and needed quality inputs, but also help
small farmers obtain a better price for their crops. Mr. Ali now had to decide as to how to
leverage the learnings from the past experiences and the ongoing pilot projects to
‘introduce innovative and diversified products to ensure value addition and financial
inclusion of the farming community.’
Keywords: Agriculture financing in developing countries, Agriculture value chain finance,

Agriculture lending, Intermediation in Value chains, Value chain innovation.

68
th th
THE ROLE OF STRONG AND WEAK NETWORK TIES AND CULTURE IN THE
GROWTH OF SOCIAL ENTERPRISES
______________
SADAF KHURSHID*
Faculty of Business
P.0. Box 2018, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
Email: sadafkhurshid@uowdubai.ac.ae
DR VALERIE LINDSAY
School of Business Administration, American University of Sharjah
PO Box 26666, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
Email: vlindsay@aus.edu
PROF. DR. MELODENA STEPHENS BALAKRISHNAN

Karlshochschule International University, Karlstraße 36 - 38
76133 Karlsruhe, Germany
Email: mstephensb@karlshochschule.de
ABSTRACT
This study explores the impact of strong and weak network ties on the initiation and
growth of social enterprises in a specific cultural context. We find that close strong ties are
important in the initial stages of idea acceptance and enterprise establishment, while weak
network ties become more important as the social enterprise grows. Strong ties tend to
facilitate access to resources, including knowledge and information, emotional support,
finance, and the building of local social legitimacy. Weak ties tend to support access to
growth capital, global visibility, links into international networks, and wider social
legitimacy. Strong networks appear to be particularly important in the context of
collectivist cultures.
Keywords: Network, Social Enterprises, Emerging markets

69
th th
IS NON-COMPLIANT PURCHASE BEHAVIOR ALWAYS UNDESIRABLE? ‘AN

EMPIRICAL STUDY ON PURCHASE BEHAVIOR OF INDIRECT PURCHASE AT
UNIVERSITY OF DHAKA, BANGLADESH
_________________
MOUTUSHI TANHA
Associate Professor
University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Email: moutushi_tanha@du.ac.bd
ABSTRACT
Efficiency stemmed from compliance to centralized contractual purchases and flexibility

stemmed from non-compliant purchases are two challenges faced by universities as
organizations for minimizing undesirable consequences and to maximizing the desirable
consequences of compliant and non-compliant purchase practices. In this backdrop, the
topic of this study “is non-compliant purchase behavior always undesirable” is justified
largely. Different grounds and circumstances of non-compliant purchasing have been
identified through a systematic literature review. These are then validated and enriched
through a series of in-depth interviews with purchasing professionals of the University of
Dhaka. The findings of the study reveal that a highly compliant purchase culture is existing in
indirect purchase practices of the University of Dhaka and therefore making non-compliant
purchase undesirable. Here, the direct-cost oriented and the indirect-cost oriented grounds
are the most undesirable grounds for non-compliant purchase practices in terms of
increased purchase price and purchase processing costs and increased cost of lost
purchasing leverage. On the other hand, practical operational grounds in terms of
emergency purchase situation, out of contract item, highly technically complex and
customized products, non-technical low value items etc., emotional grounds in terms of
feeling empowered and justice and external supplier ground in terms of developing supply
market and creating entry opportunities for new small and medium type suppliers are the
most desirable grounds for non-compliant purchase practices in the context of university’s
indirect purchase. The findings of the study also call for coexistence between compliant and
non-compliant purchase practices for university’s indirect purchases.
Keywords: university purchase, compliant purchase, noncompliant purchase, indirect

purchase, desirable and undesirable purchase

70
th th
A COMPARISON OF ETHICAL PERCEPTIONS OF EARNINGS-MANAGEMENT

PRACTICES – MENA REGION AND PREVIOUS STUDIES
________________
LEONIE JOOSTE
Associate Professor, University of Wollongong in Dubai, Dubai, UAE
Email: LeoniJooste@uowdubai.ac.ae
NITA CHAKRAVARTY2 AND SUNITA MATHUR3

Tutors, University of Wollongong in Dubai, Dubai, UAE
Email: NitaChakravarty@uowdubai.ac.ae and SunitaMathur@uowdubai.ac.a
ABSTRACT
Even though short-term earnings management is strictly prohibited by accounting

regulations this practice are managed in most if not all companies. Therefore, the problem
with managing short-term earnings is it becomes an ethical practice if the methods used fall
within GAAP and the objectives are not opportunistic to managers but rather equitable to
the entity’s other stakeholders. If an accounting practice is not explicitly prohibited or there
is a slight deviation from accounting regulations, then short-term earnings management is
vulnerable to misinterpretation, manipulation, or deliberate deception.
Students adopt the attitudes of their professional reference group before they commence
their professional careers. Therefore, the ethics of earnings management affects the
accounting educator. The results of this study, similar to those of other studies (Fischer &
Rosenzweig 1995; Giacomino et al. 2006) have implications for academia. Accounting
students need more exposure and understanding of earnings-management. There should
also be regular reports of fraudulent earnings-management practices by the media and
academic journals. Fisher and Rosenzweig (1995) suggest that greater emphasis be placed in
the accounting curricula on earnings-management practices. Although difficult, it should be
integrated into business courses or a separate business ethics course or an accounting
course taught by accounting and ethics academia.
Furthermore, this study shows that there is a significant difference between the perceptions
of a university in the MENA area and previous studies in the USA regarding the morality of
earnings management. The accounting student of today becomes the business manager of
tomorrow. The problem therefore is whether the accounting student’s personal values can
be changed towards a desired end.
Keywords: Bruns and Merchant study, Business managers, Business schools, Earnings
management, Business ethics

71
th th
FARAZ SUNKA AT NOOR ASSOCIATION
___________
NASIR AFGHAN
Institute of Business Administration (IBA) Karachi, Main Campus
University Road, Karachi, Pakistan.
Email: nafghan@iba.edu.pk
ABSTRACT
Mr. Faraz Sunka was facing several challenges since he took over the charge as the General
Secretary of Noor Association, a not-for-profit organization for special people. The founders
of Noor Association wanted to manage its day to day operations from outside Pakistan.
However, the local board members and management team had completely different ideas
and strategies about managing operations and development of Noor Association. Due to
conflicting demands and instructions of founders and management team, lower level staff
members were very unhappy and disoriented. They showed their dissatisfaction over the
situation but these conflicts were exacerbating. Several attempts were made by different
consultants to assess the situation and help find the solution but they failed. This case
provides an excellent class discussion opportunity to understand the problems and issues
from different angles and point of views. Secondly, it addresses the issues and conflicts due
to different management and leadership styles, and their impact on organization’s systems
and culture. The case also provides a basis for discussion on the core philosophy of curative
education and organization mission.
Keywords: Social Enterprise Management, Managing Culture Change, International Cross

Cultural Management, Conflict Management at Top Level.

72
th th
AMANTECH – SUCCESSFUL MODEL OF VOCATIONAL TRAINING

_________________
Mehwish Ghulam Ali
Lecturer, Institute of Business Administration (IBA)
City Campus, Karachi – 74400, Pakistan.
Email: mgali@iba.edu.pk
Ijaz Hussain Bajwa

Asst. Manager, Amantech
Aman Foundation, Karachi, Pakistan.
Email: ijaz.hussain@amanfoundation.org
Anil Saleem
Researcher, Institute of Business Administration (IBA)
City Campus, Karachi – 74400, Pakistan.
Emai: athawar@iba.edu.pk
ABSTRACT
Pakistan has a large youth population and a high dependency ratio. But youth
unemployment is also very high. If left unchecked this can lead to chronic unemployment,
meaning dependent youths today become dependents adults tomorrow. Many contenders
come forward as reasons for low employment among youth, one of which is low skills. To
understand this gap further, we explore the youth vocational training program by
AMANTECH in this case study.
Keywords: Labor Force & Employment (J21), Skills (J24), Unemployment: Models and Job
Search (J64) & Education and training (P46)

73
th th
IFRS ADOPTION, ACCOUNTING QUALITY AND FOREIGN CAPITAL INFLOWS

INTO DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
_____________________________
GODFRED MATTHEW YAW OWUSU
PHD Candidate
Putra Business School, University Putra Malaysia
Email: gmowusu@gmail.com
NUR ASHIKIN BINTI MOHD SAAT

Faculty of Economics and Management
University Putra Malaysia, Malaysia
Email: shikinms@upm.edu.my
LAW SIONG HOOK

Faculty of Economics and Management
University Putra Malaysia
Email: lawsh@upm.edu.my
SUSELA DEVI K. SUPPIAH

Faculty of Business and Information Technology
UNITAR International University, Malaysia
Email: susela@unitar.my
ABSTRACT
Information asymmetry between foreign and domestic investors has been widely cited as
the key driver of cross- border investment inflows. The international Accounting Standards
Board (IASB) in promoting the adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS)
has also consistently claimed that, the global adoption of IFRS will help to reduce such
information asymmetries across countries and promote cross- border investment inflows. In
many developing countries, dependence on this cross- border investment inflow (foreign
capital) has become an inevitable option due to the fact that domestic sources of finance
are woefully inadequate to support the developmental agenda of these countries. With over
116 jurisdictions now requiring the use of IFRS for their domestic publicly accountable
entities, it is expected that this regulatory change in accounting would lead to a reduction in
information asymmetry associated with foreign investment thereby promoting cross-
border investments. Therefore, this study seeks to test whether the widespread adoption of
IFRS around the globe has been associated with growth in foreign capital inflows in the
adopting countries and also to ascertain whether the source of this growth is attributable to
the improvement in accounting quality post- IFRS adoption.
Keywords: IFRS, Accounting Quality, Foreign Capital, Developing Economies, Information

Asymmetry.

74
th th
MANAGING FACULTY PERFORMANCE AT THE SUKKUR INSTITUTE OF

BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
__________________
WAHEED ALI UMRANI
Sukkur Institute of Business Administration
Sukkur, Airport Road Sukkur, Sindh, Pakistan.
Email: waheed.ali@iba-suk.edu.pk
UBEDULLAH MEMON
Sukkur Institute of Business Administration
Sukkur, Airport Road Sukkur, Sindh, Pakistan.
Email: ubedullah.memon@iba-suk.edu.pk
ABSTRACT
July 14, 2013 While looking through the windowpane of the aero-plane ready for departure
to Sukkur Mr. Nisar Ahmed Siddiqui receives the call of the Registrar giving him the long
waited exciting news of the ranking of Sukkur IBA as 3rd best Business School of Pakistan.
Mr. Siddiqui smiles, and that very smile reminds him about the faculty performance
measurement mechanism at Sukkur IBA which he believes has not been that effective in
bringing a higher level of satisfaction and faculty retention.
The Institute has moved from ACR to PER (Performance Evaluation Report) but as it says it
has yet not proved effective in terms of increasing faculty motivation particularly there are
questions about dealing with non-performers. The faculty perceives that the link between
performance evaluation, rewards, promotions and other incentives is missing.
Keywords: Performance management, work measurement, incentive system, performance

evaluation report, case study

75
th th
HUMAN RESOURCE PLANNING AT SUKKUR INSTITUTE OF BUSINESS

ADMINISTRATION
_________________
UBEDULLAH MEMON
Lecturer, Business Department,
Sukkur Institute of Business Administration, Sindh Pakistan
ALI RAZA
Lecturer, Business Department,
Email: ali.raza@iba-suk.edu.pk
NABEEL NISAR
Assistant Professor, Business Department,
Email: nabeel.nisar@iba-suk.edu.pk
ABSTRACT
The case describes complex and alarming situation where management of Sukkur IBA seems
worried on future rapid growing staffing need of faculty members. In past one year, 40
permanent faculty members were hired but need still persists. Moreover, location and other
weather conditions in Sukkur also created hurdles to attract and retain faculty members in
the Institute.
This problematic situation was being fueled by two major decisions taken by management.
Firstly, the faculty development program was initiated in which 41 faculty members from
different department were sent to different universities of the world to peruse their higher
studies through study leave. Right after, approving large number of study leaves
management and HR department of Sukkur IBA were in confusion to hire back faculty
members on permanent basis, contract, visiting, distance learning, and combination
strategy. Secondly, what strategy must be followed when majority of faculty members
would return after completion of their doctorate degrees? The management of Sukkur IBA is
carefully considering faculty utilization options; change in hierarchy, Research, Supervision
of Community Colleges, and Training and Development. Despite all adverse situations, HR
department and Director of SIBA are hopeful and carefully considering options to find out
the safe way out from this unusual and complex situation.
Keywords: Staffing, Hierarchy, and Distance Learning

76
th th
SUSTAINABLE COMPETITIVENESS THROUGH SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT:

CRYSTAL GROUP’S SEVEN NEEDLES SEWING SUSTAINABILITY
____________________
CALEB HUANYONG CHEN
Chinese Businesses Case Centre, School of Business, Hong Kong Baptist University
34 Renfrew Road, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
Email: calebchen@hkbu.edu.hk
ALLAN K.K. CHAN

Chinese Businesses Case Centre, School of Business, Hong Kong Baptist University
34 Renfrew Road, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
Email: allankk@hkbu.edu.hk
ABSTRACT
This case focuses on the challenges faced by a garment manufacturer Crystal Group and its
sustainable practices. Headquartered in Hong Kong, Crystal Group ran 2 offices and 17
factories across 7 countries. As the founder and owner over 40 years, Kenneth Lo grew a
small workshop with 70 employees into a large group with USD1.6 billion sales turnover and
48,000 employees. Despite its steady growth and the current position as one of the top
three garment company in Asia, however, the environment is harsh for Crystal to survive:
global competition, raising costs of labor and resources, requirements of high quality and
low prices from brand customers, and stricter regulations by governments and NGOs.
Crystal faces challenges concerning how to sustain its growth and achieve its aim of being
the world’s number one garment manufacturer. Kenneth Lo believed that sustainability is a
key and actions were taken.
The case describes Crystal’s seven main areas of sustainable practices (seven “needles”
sewing sustainability). A set of key questions is included to guide students’ discussion
around critical issues, with the consideration of the challenges, business modes, and
actions.
Keywords: Corporate sustainability; Sustainable development; Sustainable practices;

Garment manufacturer; Case

77
th th
FROM DREAM TO REALITY (MR. NISAR AHMED SADDIQUI)
________
SAPNA BAI
Student of MBA, Sukkur IBA, Pakistan
Email: Sapnabai.ba@iba-suk.edu.pk
ZULFIQAR ALI CHACHAR

Student of BBA, Sukkur IBA, Pakistan
Email: Zulfiqar-chachar@iba-suk.edu.pk
ABSTRACT
This case study illustrates the opportunities which was existed for Mr. Siddiqui and
challenges which he had faced in his life to establish an institute for rural students who
were financially not able to get an education in well developed universities. In future how
they maintain the quality of education that is a big problem of Sukkur IBA because SIBA
financially depends on funds which provide government, companies and NGO’s. Mr. Nisar
Ahmed Siddiqui as a social entrepreneur who developed Sukkur IBA institute in 1994 with
only two rooms for those people who was not financially able to get a quality education
from good institute and he spent his all life developing the Sukkur IBA Institute in that
area where people only see dreams of quality education, that is Sukkur IBA which
completes the dreams of students and also give them
a 70% scholarship.
The text describes the capacity of Sukkur IBA and some of its activities in support of rural
people. The main idea is to show if and how an entrepreneur could collaborate with
academics. Sukkur IBA is an achievement story for other institutes. In Sukkur city, an
institute like SIBA is a blessing. It was a fantasy to see this institute reach such heights. It
was only potential under the leadership of director Mr. Nisar Ahmed Siddiqui and the
faculty.” This case study provides insight into the importance of Sukkur IBA.
Keywords: Academic, Social entrepreneurship, Institute ideas, future strategy, leader.

78
th th
ARE CAPITAL REQUIREMENTS AFFECTING PERFORMANCE OF ISLAMIC BANKS

IN PAKISTAN?
_______________
H. JAMAL ZUBAIRI
Institute of Business Management, Korangi Creek, Karachi-75190, Pakistan
Email: jamal.zubairi@iobm.edu.pk
SARWAT AHSON
Institute of Business Management, Korangi Creek, Karachi-75190, Pakistan
Email: cervette@hotmail.com
ABSTRACT
This paper studies the impact of State Bank of Pakistan’s Capital Adequacy guidelines for
banks and their impact on Islamic bank’s performance over a period of eight years. The link
of Capital Adequacy Ratio with the banks’ financial performance, controlling for other
internal and external determinants of profitability was analyzed by adopting an econometric
framework. Employing pooled regression analysis and checking the reliability of the
estimated model through Augmented Dickey-Fuller test, it was found that capital adequacy
had a statistically significant positive impact on profitability during the period under review.
Keywords: Islamic Banks, Basel, Capital Adequacy Requirements, Profitability

79
th th
STARCOM MEDIAVEST: A CASE STUDY ON BLUE OCEAN STRATEGY

IMPLEMENTATION
_____________
JAVAID AHMED
Professor
Institute of Business Management, Karachi, Pakistan
Email: Javaid.ahmed@iobm.edu.pk
G. J. KOTHARI
Email: Std_9315@iobm.edu.pk
SARAN GUL
Email: Std_9001@iobm.edu.pk
ABSTRACT
The media industry in Pakistan is rapidly growing. Their core business is to plan, negotiate,
buy and release advertisements for clients. Rivalry is moderate and there are many new
players. Supplier power is under pressure and buyers can easily switch. Services offered are
relatively undifferentiated. Profitability is eroding under competitive pressure. Traditional
competitive strategy is creating a zero sum game of the typical red ocean.
By adopting a reconstructive approach to strategy, Starcom MediaVest, looked at some non-

traditional industry offerings and created a different value proposition. Researched based
media planning replaced assumption based buying. Agency commission replaced retainer
fee and in house management trainee hiring replaced reference based hiring.
Keywords: Industry attractiveness, Strategy Canvas, Value Innovation, Profit & People
propositions.

80
th th
CASE STUDY NAVEED CLOTH, STORE (EXPANSION DECISION)
___________
SAPNA BAI
Student of MBA
Sukkur IBA, Pakistan
Email: Sapnabai.ba@iba-suk.edu.pk
SAIRA SADAF
Student of MBA
Email: Saira.sadaf@iba-suk.edu.pk
UBEDULLAH MEMON
Lecturer, Human Resource management
ALI RAZA
Lecturer, Human Resource management
Email: ali.raza@iba-suk.edu.pk
ABSTRACT
This case study analyses the critical situation for dynamic growth and expansion of
business.
Mr. Naveed Ahmed Memon the Proprietor of “Naveed Cloth Store” seemed to catch up
while deciding the main streamline of his business, rigorously busy to find the roots and
remedies for a dramatic market growth. The case describes a complex and alarming
situation where Naveed was seemed worried about the future rapid growth and analysis
how to reach a leading decision with respect to drag out the business. Either to retain as a
retailer or whole seller; and the most crucial view that where to operate? Despite all
adverse situations, Mr. Naveed is hopeful and busy storming his brain to find out the safe
way out of this unusual and complex situation.
Keywords: Growth, Future strategies, Market, Expansion.

81
th th
ANALYSIS OF MERGER AND ACQUISITION IN PAKISTAN
__________________
MAJEED ULLAH KHAN
Lecturer in Management Sciences
Kohat University of Science & Technology (KUST), Indus Highway, Kohat.
Email: majeed_ullah2001@yahoo.com
DR. SAFI ULLAH KHAN

Assistant professor
Kohat University of Science & Technology (KUST), Indus Highway, Kohat.
Email: dr.safiullah@kust.edu.pk
ABSTRACT
The purpose of this study is to examine financial performance of firms in the post-Merger
and acquisition period for firms listed on Karachi stock exchange by exploring various
motives of merger and acquisitions provided by various theory and previous empirical
literature. Specifically, we explore these motives in the context of theory of synergy, agency
theory and behavioral finance perspective. Empirical results for agency theory shows the
presence of empire building motives that leads to underperformance of firms in post-
merger and acquisition period. The study fails to support managerial risk aversion
hypothesis of agency theory in Pakistani market. The behavioral motives, such as managerial
hubris (overconfidence) and escalation of commitment were also examined in the study
using univariate and multivariate analysis. Empirical results fail to find any evidence
regarding the presence of managerial hubris or overconfidence proposition in post-merger
and acquisition performance of firms. Finally, empirical results confirm the escalation of
commitment hypotheses and its impact on post-merger and acquisition performance.
Keywords: Merger and acquisition (M&A), Empire Building, Managerial Risk aversion,
Hubris, Escalation of commitment

82
th th
PERFORMANCE IMPLICATIONS OF LOGISTICS CAPABILITIES OF 3PLS: CASE OF

PAKISTAN
___________
HARIS ASLAM
Assistant Professor, University of Management and Technology, Pakistan
Emai: haris.aslam@umt.edu.pk
MUHAMMAD MUDASSIR
MS Scholar, University of Management and Technology, Pakistan
Email: technologist_chaudhary@hotmail.com
ABSTRACT
Recent years have seen the expanding customer demands putting huge burden on supply
chain (SC) managers for expanding responsiveness of their supply network with a specific
end goal to meet the organizational targets. In this respect more and more organizations are
now employing third party logistics service providers (3PLs). This study investigates the
relationship between the logistics capabilities of 3PLs and the perception of logistics
performance by their customers. Furthermore it also studies the relationship between the
logistics performance and customer satisfaction. The results of the structural model show
that logistics capabilities are significantly related to logistics performance which in turn
impacts customer satisfaction.
Keywords: Logistics capabilities, third party logistics service providers (3PLs), Logistics
performance, Customer satisfaction, Partial least squares (PLS)

83
th th
THE GEN-PROM PROJECT
______________________
MUHAMMAD SAJEEL BUTT
GIFT University, Bypass Road, Gujranwala, Pakistan
Email: sajeelbutt@gift.edu.pk
DR. ARIF IQBAL RANA

Lahore University of Management Sciences, DHA, Lahore, Pakistan
Email: arif@lums.edu.pk
ABSTRACT
Textile and garment industry is one of the major foreign exchange earner for many
prominent Asian economies. This business has registered an impressive growth in Asian
economies in last 3 decades. To be competitive at a regional level efficiency of operations
would have to be improved. This requires adopting cost rationalizing measures including
latest techniques in manufacturing processes. The unequal surge in costs of different
elements of manufacturing process among competing countries is pushing for analyzing and
restructuring operations from an industrial engineering perspective to save cost and remain
afloat against high tide of competition.
Change from a 'supervisor' controlled process to a 'scientific' process requires a large scale
training infrastructure that can feed growing quest of industry for trained labor, and
specially expanding the pool of labor by training women for textiles and garment industry.
Unfortunately, there has been a vacuum in Pakistan for establishing such Business
Development Services (BDO) that could benefit the industry and help Pakistani
entrepreneurs to graduate at an international business level.
Gen-Prom project of United Nations Development Program is an effort to address the above
gap and enable garment business of Pakistan to internationalize. Project adopts a unique
model of building capacity of garment manufacturing companies to indigenously train labor
and adopt industrial engineering practices. Success of this project could be instrumental in
growing garments businesses beyond national boundaries. Gen-Prom project brings to the
garments industry something that they cannot do without if they have to compete globally.
The case at hand attempts to analyze performance of Gen Prom project from an evaluation
perspective.
Keywords: Project Management, Monitoring, Evaluation, Project proposals

84
th th
ACHIEVING SUPPLY CHAIN COMPETITIVENESS THROUGH SUCCESSFUL

BUYER-SUPPLIER RELATIONSHIPS
KAMRAN RASHID
Department of Operations & Supply Chain, University of Management and Technology,
Lahore, Pakistan
Email: kamranrashid@umt.edu.pk
TASHFEEN M. AZHAR
Lahore, Pakistan
ASAD UR RAHMAN WAHLA

Lahore, Pakistan
ABSTRACT
Current research aims to understand the role of successful buyer-supplier relationship in

achieving supply chain competitiveness in a developing country perspective. Five
hypotheses are developed to test structural model. Survey data is collected from the
manufacturing sector of Pakistan. Analysis is conducted using Partial Least Squares (PLS)
Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) through Smart PLS version 2.0 M3. Results demonstrate
positive impact of effective supplier selection, buyer-supplier engagement, and information
sharing capability on success of buyer supplier relationship. This successful buyer supplier
relationship drives the supply chain firm’s financial and market performance. Additional
analyses with large sample sizes are required in other developing countries to cross validate
the results. Current study provides empirical evidence of the role of successful buyer
supplier relationship in achieving supply chain competitiveness.
Keywords: Supply Chain management, Successful buyer-supplier relationship, Supply chain

competitiveness, Developing country

85
th th
CREATING HEALTHY WORK PLACES: UNDERSTANDING LINKAGES BETWEEN

IMPLICIT AND EXPLICIT SEX STEREOTYPES AND PRESCRIPTIVE ATTRIBUTES OF
FEMALE LEADERS
_________________
NYLA ALEEM ANSARI
Assistant Professor, Department of Management
Institute of Business Administration, Karachi, Pakistan.
Email: nansari@iba.edu.pk
ABSTRACT
This proposal attempts to examine the linkage between implicit and explicit sex stereotypes
and prescriptive attributes of leadership for professional women of Pakistan. The study will
examine the perceived effects of gender, social and organizational factors on the leadership
attributes of professional women and how such constructions are evaluated by their peers,
bosses or supervisors for leadership positions. Linguistic features such as silence,
interruptions and topic control will be analyzed how language as a social practice, shape
speech, signify power and legitimization of ideas. These linguistic features include
organizational and contextual characteristics that often reveal who is allowed to speak, who
is not, what ideas are re-inforced and what are resisted in power relationships. Focus
groups and qualitative interviews in the critical paradigm, with the professional women,
their peers and supervisors are proposed for an in-depth analysis of this phenomenon with
the aim of suggesting new ways of developing their professional careers and reforming their
positions of responsibility in the top echelons of organizations in Pakistan.
Keywords: Women, gender, implicit stereotypes, leadership, silence.

86
th th
THE EFFECTS OF INDEX RECOMPOSITION ON STOCKS’ RETURNS IN PAKISTANI

CAPITAL MARKET
__________
TAHIRA AWAN
Lecturer, Faculty of Management Sciences
International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan
Email: tahira.awan@iiu.edu.pk
DR. ARSHAD HASAN

Associate Professor/Dean, Faculty of Management Sciences
Mohammad Ali Jinnah University, Islamabad, Pakistan
Email: arshad.hasan@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Market Efficiency means that capital markets depict all information about stocks in terms of
stock prices. Such Markets are responsive in terms of any signal generated by the firms or
economic events. Changes in the composition of market indices are also an important event
called as index effect. There has been a wide research in developed economies on index
effect. The effect of index changes has also been tested for some of the developing
countries. This research paper investigates this event for Pakistani capital markets. For a
period of 2006-2009, eight index revisions are tested empirically to exert the influence on
the returns of stocks being affected. The event window and T-statistics indicates that there
is a significant impact of KSE-100 index revision on stocks becoming part of the index. This
impact is not temporary. However, the impact is insignificant in case of stocks being
removed from the list. The results indicate signaling effect applicable in this scenario.
Keywords: index revision, index re-composition, event study, signalling theory.

87
th th
TRUST MEDIATES PERFORMANCE IMPROVEMENT WITH SUPPLIER

DEVELOPMENT?
_________________
AMER RAJPUT, PH.D.
Assistant Professor, Department of Management Sciences COMSATS
Institute of Information Technology
G.T. Road Wah Cantt. Pakistan
Email: amerrajput@comsats.edu.pk
ABSTRACT
Value-adding functions of textile industry make the buying firms dependent on their
suppliers. The buying firms utilize supplier development to improve supplier performance.
This research shows that supplier development dimensions improve supplier performance in
textile industry; buying firms’ trust is positively related to supplier performance
improvement as well as it mediates between supplier development dimensions and supplier
performance improvement. The study concludes that textile buying firms need to practice
trust when engaged in supplier development to bring in improvement for supplier
performance. Buyers’ trust positively, significantly and partially mediates between supplier
development dimensions and supplier performance improvement in textile industry of
Pakistan.
Keywords: textile industry, supplier development, supplier performance, trust

88
th th
JEWELRY R US -STARTUP ANALYSIS

_______________________
DR. JOHN DANIEL MCLELLAN
Abu Dhabi University, Al Ain, UAE
Email: John.mclellan@adu.ac.ae
ABSTRACT
This case has been used at the beginning of both an undergraduate and graduate course in
management accounting. Students have had at least one financial accounting course and
Jewelry R Us introduces students to the use of cases as a learning tool in management
accounting and it also serves as a review of financial accounting concepts.
We discuss the purpose of the two financial statements with which they are familiar. Then
we discuss the two questions that Ranyia is asking:
1. Whether the 100,000 that she would be investing is enough to start the business and
2. What amount of sales would she need to earn a 20% ROI?
Students soon realize that question number two is actually a projection of what Ranyia’s
income statement would be at the end of year one and that question number one is a
projection of the opening balance sheet. The outline of an income statement and balance
sheet are put on the board and students are able to record Ranyia’s equity of 100,000 on
the balance sheet and her profit requirement of 20,000 on the income statement.
Keywords: Equity, ROI, Breakeven Analysis, Balance Sheet, Income Statement.

89
th th
THE BLUE NOTE CAFÉ
_______________________
DR. JOHN DANIEL MCLELLAN
Abu Dhabi University, Al Ain, UAE
Email: John.mclellan@adu.ac.ae
ABSTRACT
This is a business situation where the entrepreneurs have had a loss in the first year of
operations. The case presents the financial statements for the first year of business. The
costs are fairly straight forward and easy to verify; the unknown is the number of customers
that the enterprise would need to attract to remain viable.
The owners are asking three questions:
1) how many customers do they need to break-even ?
2) if they invested 30,000 Dh. more in advertising and achieve a 20% increase in customers
should they do it and
3) how many customers are needed to break-even on a cash basis in order to avoid
bankruptcy?
Keywords: Cost Structure; Cash Breakeven Analysis; Balance Sheet, Income Statement.

90
th th
KUMUDAM PLASTICS
_________________
T. RADHA RAMANAN
Assistant Professor (OM & QT)
Indian Institute of Management Indore, India
Email: ramanan@iimidr.ac.in
ABSTRACT
Kumudam Plastics (KP) is owned by Mr. Kumar. They were producing plastic endcaps that
were used for buttweld joints. KP was producing at least 16 varieties of endcaps in different
sizes. They had two manual moulding machines. Kumar who had started the business as
part time with the help of his wife had to quit the job and for the past year had been
dependant on the business solely. The scope for the product was quite good, but it would
be dependent on that big company alone for the business unless KP diversifies. The
business was carried out using two manual moulding machines and employing two people
on the machine. The manufacturing of the endcaps was dependent on the manufacturing of
the jig. The manufacturing of the jig was a laborious process because of the accuracy
required, and it took many hours to complete the task. The competition is quite stiff, and
most of the competitors use semi-automatic or automatic moulding machines to produce
the endcaps. They also produce other components. Now, Mr. Kumar has obtained a vendor
registration form from the company which is his only customer and he was in a dilemma
whether to register as vendor and make investments in the automatic (or semi-automatic)
machines or continue the business using the manual machines, or to totally wind up the
operations.

91
th th
GM’s EV1 – RIGHT CAR, WRONG TIME?
__________
G V P RAJAN
Indian Institute of Management, Lucknow, India
Email: gvprajan@yahoo.com
M AKBAR
Indian Institute of Management, Lucknow, India
Email: ma@iiml.ac.in
ABSTRACT
General Motors announced the launch of its first commercial electric car – EV1 in January
1990. The California Air Resources Board (CARB) struggling to find stringent solutions to
local pollution problems seized this as an opportunity to promulgate a new Zero Emission
Vehicle mandate for California. In 1993, poor financial performance of GM forced Jack
Smith, the then CEO, to scale back the project. In 1995, the EV team regrouped to finish
putting the EV1 into production. From 1996 onwards, GM started leasing the electric cars.
Six years later, in 2003, GM started hauling its EV1 fleet off to the crusher amidst protests
from consumers. With the electric cars gone, the EV charging stations spread across
California bore a deserted look. The Press had declared the electric car as an ‘automotive
martyr’. Another eight years later, GM is again making and selling electric cars.
After having spent more than $1 billion in 6 years in R&D and another 6 years in marketing
and servicing the electric car, was it a good strategy for General Motors to have closed the
EV1 operations? Would it provide another chance to General Motors to re-launch electric
vehicles in future, either fully electric or hybrid to take advantage of its 12 years learning in
this business? What learning does it have for the emerging economies in Asia?
Keywords: General Motors, electric cars, EV1

92
th th
UTILIZATION OF FOOD WASTE SAVED IN MARRIAGE CEREMONIES TOWARDS

OFFSETTING HUNGER IN KARACHI, PAKISTAN
__________________
ABDULRAUF FAROOQI
Professor, Environment and Energy Management (EEM), IoBM, Karachi, Pakistan
Email: dr.afarooqi@iobm.edu.pk
MUHAMMAD FAISAL YASEEN

MBA Environment and Energy Management (EEM) Student
Quality and Hygiene Supervisor, PIA Catering Food Service, Jinnah International Terminal,
Karachi, Pakistan
AKHLAQ AHMED
Professor and Director Quality Enhancement Cell (QEC), IoBM, Karachi, Pakistan
ABSTRACT
The utilization and management of food waste revealed that Karachi the mega city of 23.5
million solemnized 495,000 marriages ceremonies in 5000 Wedding Halls, and where
individually 475 g per person and cumulatively 282,150 tons food was wasted during
wedding ceremonies. Such quantum of food waste will offset hunger of 1.93, 0.96 and 0.64
million peoples with serving one, two and three meals per day annually respectively. Food
waste inadequacies and consumption behavior in different age groups and genders revealed
inefficiencies in food consumption behavior. Good science indicates the rise in obesity and
diabetes in Pakistan are linked to the consumption of super rich caloric food dipped in oil
including notoriously sugary sweets/desserts with little or no cultural habit of exercise/walk
is a recipe for obesity/diabetes. Main food waste causes during marriages entailed very late
next morning serving, inappropriate food combination, guest’s perception about food
shortage, and scrambling of food tables. Since present cultural norms has taken hundreds of
years, proposed action plan to overcome food waste include tagging food waste awareness
messages, hoarding of public message along food tables to encourage self consciousness
will bring paradigm shift in getting eternal satisfaction of helping poor, fulfillment of our
obligation as Muslims that will improve eating habits, and maintain good moderate healthy
eating.
Key words: Marriage Ceremonies, Super Rich Caloric Food, Paradigm Shift, Action Plan for
Saving Food Waste

93
th th
FOOD- COONS CASE

___________
ADNAN ZAHID
Assistant Professor
Email: adnan.zahid@lums.edu.pk
ABSTRACT
An entrepreneur interested in entering the Pakistani food industry is in need of data to base
his decisions on. For this task a group of young consultants; Food-Coons is engaged. They
research various localities of Lahore and Islamabad and document the demographics,
consumer preferences, competitive landscape, opportunities and threats. The two food
outlet formats under consideration are café, or Chinese Quick Service Restaurant.
This entrepreneurial case provides basis for feasibility study and incorporates dimensions of
business strategy, need identification, competitive analysis, investment and sustainability
appraisal. The basic questions confronting the students will be regarding which city and
locality to invest in and why. Secondly, which format to opt for and why it is preferable.
Keywords: entrepreneurship, quick service restaurant, market entry

94
th th
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE NEEDS FOR PAK-FRENCH FAMILY

BUSINESS: WHAT'S WRONG? WHAT'S RIGHT? WHAT’S NEXT?
____________
IRFAN SALEEM
Université Paris1, Panthéon Sorbonne France
Email: irfan541@gmail.com
NAEEM ASHRAF
Lahore University of Management Studies Pakistan
Email: naeem.ashraf@lums.edu.pk
ERIC LAMARQUE
BASHIR AHMAD
ABSTRACT
This case study is written to demonstrate the need to adopt corporate governance practices
in family owned business in order to meet growth objectives. As an example the case
demonstrates the situation in which Pakistani owned French resultants are facing growth
challenges that may be resolved by newly established board. The case asks student to
practice knowledge learnt in the areas of corporate governance and business strategy
courses by answering what's wrong, what's right and what’s next needed for growth of
family owned enterprises. More specify the case study demonstrates the need of corporate
governance practices by addressing issues related to board structure, need of family council,
shareholder’s interest and many other corporate governance related issues to make family
business a success story.
Keywords: Corporate governance, Family owned enterprise, boardroom, executive hiring,

and Family governance codes.

95
th th
THE RELEVANCE OF MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING: PRACTICE VARIANCE

BETWEEN THEORY AND ACTION
__________________
NIZAR M. ALSHARARI
College of Business Administration
University of Sharjah, UAE
Email: nalsharari@sharjah.ac.ae
ABSTRACT
This paper aims to introduce and discuss the relevance of management accounting with
considering the practice variance between theory and action. It also aims to review the
relevant literature on management accounting and organizational change. It provides a
comprehensive basis for the research of management accounting change conducted in
terms of theories used, influential factors, systems applied, dynamics and aspects of
change. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to present a full idea of management
accounting research and orientation. It presents historical background about the
developments in management accounting perspectives, and reviews the key literature on
management accounting change. This helps to understand the concerns of current
mainstream in management accounting literature and the importance of this paper.
Whereas accounting is a discipline of the social science and it’s necessary to understand it
in the context of a broader set of arguments from the social sciences (Baxter and Chua
2003). By reviewing a subset of the accounting education literature published during the
period 1980 - 2015, this paper updates accounting education literature with focusing on
management accounting literature. The study contributes to the existing literature by
presenting the discussions of management accounting and organizational change. It
compares traditional and new or so-called advanced management accounting techniques
and their limitations. Moreover, this study discusses intra and extra organisational factors
which might form management accounting practices within organisations. The last section
of this study reviews different theoretical perspectives which argue about management
accounting in general and management accounting change in particular. It introduces a
comprehensive view about the relevance of institutional theory in the management
accounting literature. Accordingly, the paper complements recent recommendations for
‘bridge building’ and methodological pluralism among the different debates and
perspectives concerning management accounting research. Recommendations for research
are manifested through the discussion in the each major section.
Keywords: Accounting Education, Accounting Literature, Management Accounting Change;

Organizational Change, Alternative Accounting Theory, Institutional Theory.

96

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AMRC2016

5th Asian Management Research and Case (AMRC) Conference

University of Wollongong in Dubai

Lahore University of Management Sciences (LUMS)

5th Asian Management Research and Case (AMRC) Conference

“Internationalizing Asian Businesses”

“Internationalizing Asian Businesses”

THE MEDIATING ROLE OF LANGUAGE IN MANAGERIAL SENSE MAKING AND 24

“Internationalizing Asian Businesses”

SUPPLIER SOCIAL COMPLIANCE: INSTITUTIONAL THEORY AND 45

SERVICE SALES CORPORATION: THE WHOLESALE CHALLENGE 50

“Internationalizing Asian Businesses”

FAYSAL BANK LIMITED - AGRICULTURE FINANCING STRATEGY 68

ANALYSIS OF MERGER AND ACQUISITION IN PAKISTAN 82

“Internationalizing Asian Businesses”

JEWELRY R US -STARTUP ANALYSIS 89

“Internationalizing Asian Businesses”

This conference is a result of the collaboration between University of Wollongong in Dubai,

“Internationalizing Asian Businesses”

5th Asian Management Research and Case Conference AMRC 2016

16th -18th January 2016

16th JANUARY 2016 (SATURDAY)

17:30 End of Day 1

“Internationalizing Asian Businesses”

17th JANUARY 2016 (SUNDAY)

11:00 – 11:30 Coffee Break

15:15 – 15:30 Break

17:00 – 17:30 Coffee Break

Gloria Hotel, Internet City

“Internationalizing Asian Businesses”

18th JANUARY 2016 (MONDAY)

10:45 – 11:00 Coffee Break

12:30 – 13:00 JWL Auditorium

“Internationalizing Asian Businesses”

REMOTE PROTECTION: REVISITING HUMAN RESOURCE PRACTICES TOWARDS

Keywords: Human Resource Management, Organizational Behavior, Turnover, Call Center.

“Internationalizing Asian Businesses”

MANAGERIAL LEADERSHIP IN PROMOTING QUALITY: A CASE STUDY OF

Keywords: Excellence Awards, Leadership, industry, quality

“Internationalizing Asian Businesses”

ARSH STAR – DUBAI UAE

Keywords: Cash-to-cash cycle, SME Finance, Global Financial Crisis.

“Internationalizing Asian Businesses”

IDENTIFYING THE FACILITATING FACTORS THAT DETERMINE EMPLOYEE

DR. BIJAYA MISHRA

DR. A.UDAY BHASKAR

Keywords: e-HRM practices, Indian PSU, readiness of employees, thematic analysis,

“Internationalizing Asian Businesses”

REVISITING THE STATE CATEGORISATION OF TELECOM CIRCLES IN INDIA

Keywords: Telecom, mobile diffusion, service areas, clustering, categorization.

“Internationalizing Asian Businesses”

AMBUJA CEMENTS AND HOLCIM INDIA MERGER

Keywords: Valuation in Mergers, Merger Regulations, Corporate Governance

“Internationalizing Asian Businesses”

MADHYA PRADESH HOUSING & INFRASTRUCTURE

Keywords: Public Policy, Public Private Partnership Models, Affordable Housing

“Internationalizing Asian Businesses”

BIGGER IS NOT ALWAYS BETTER: THE CASE OF SCL

“Internationalizing Asian Businesses”

SBI PENSION FUND PRIVATE LIMITED: CAUGHT IN A WICKED PROBLEM

“Internationalizing Asian Businesses”

DEVELOPING, FORMALIZING AND TESTING A DYNAMIC DIALECTICAL