ENHANCEMENT TOPIC 9: AM015

APPLICATION OF DIFFERENTIATIONS 2018/2019

1. Find the equation of the normal and the tangent line on the curves at the given points
below;
 1 3 
(a) y 2  x  2  0 ; (1,-1)  Ans : yT  2 x  2 , yn  2 x  1
 1 1   Ans : yT  x  2, yn   x 
(b) x2  y 2  1 ;  ,   
 2 2
(c) xy  x  y   x 2  y 2 ; (-1,1)  Ans : yT  x  2, yn   x 
2. Find the stationary points and the intervals where the function f (x) is decreasing or
increasing for the function below :

(a) f ( x)  3x 2  2 x  5

  1 16   1  1  
 Ans : St. p :   3 ,  3  ,  ,  3  :decreasing interval,   3 ,   : increasing interval. 
       
(b) f ( x)  x  3 x  2
3

 Ans : St. p :  1, 4 & 1,0 ,  1,1: decreasing interval,  , 1 & 1, : increasing interval. 

3. Find the stationary points and determine their nature by using the first derivative test.
3
(a) y  x3  x2  6 x  2
2
  11  
 Ans :  1, 2  : max point,  2, 8 : min point 
   
(b) y  36 x  6 x
2 4


 Ans :  3,54 &
   
3,54 : max point,  0,0 : min point 


4. Given f  x   4 x3  15 x 2  18 x  7 . Find the maximum or minimum point by using

 1 9 
second derivative test.  Ans :  3,88 : max point,  2 , 4 : min point 
   
5. Find the coordinates of the points for relative maximum and minimum by using second
derivative test if given the function f  x   x  x  2  .
2

  2 32  
 Ans :  3 , 27  : max point,  2,0  : min point 
   

6. Given D  x   8  0.00025 x is the price–demand equation and the cost equation is

C  x   600  7 x . Express in term of x,

(a) The revenue function  Ans :8x  0.00025x2 

Prepared by: Nabilah binti Mohd Abd Fatah

Unit Matematik KMM
 ENHANCEMENT TOPIC 9: AM015
APPLICATION OF DIFFERENTIATIONS 2018/2019

(b) The profit function  Ans : 0.00025x2  x  600

 600 
(c) The average cost function  Ans : x  7 

(d) The average revenue function  Ans :8  0.00025 x 

 600 
(e) The average profit function  Ans :  0.00025 x  1  x 

7. The total cost of producing x electric guitars is C  x   1000  100 x  0.25 x 2 . Find the
exact cost of producing the 50 guitars.  Ans : RM 5375

8. The price-demand equation for a particular product is given by p  –200q  800 .

(a) Express the revenue function in terms of q.  Ans :– 200q2  800q 
(b) What is the maximum revenue? What is the wholesale price per unit that
should be charged to realize the maximum revenue?
 Ans : R  2  RM 800, p  2  RM 400

9. If the price-demand equation and the average function are given respectively by
50 1000
p(q)  and C (q)  0.5  find p, the price per unit that should be charged to
q q
realize the maximum profit and the quantity to be produced .

 Ans : q  2500, p  2500  RM1

10. A company sells x television sets per month. The monthly cost and price –demand
x
equations are given respectively by C(x) = 72,000 + 60x and p( x)  200  ;
30
0  x  6000 .
(a) Find the maximum revenue.  Ans : RM 300, 000
(b) Find the maximum profit, the production level that will realize the maximum
profit, and the price that should be charged for each television set.
 Ans :2100 units,   x   RM 75000, p  x   RM130
(c) If the government decides to tax the company RM5 for each set it produces, how
many units should the company sell each month in order to maximize the profit?
What is the price for each set?  Ans :2025 units, p  x   RM 132.50

Prepared by: Nabilah binti Mohd Abd Fatah

Unit Matematik KMM
 ENHANCEMENT TOPIC 9: AM015
APPLICATION OF DIFFERENTIATIONS 2018/2019

11. From a study, the daily demand for Food A is 1000 units purchased at RM 1.20 per unit.
When the price is reduced to RM 1.00 per unit, the daily demand increases to 1200 units.
(a) Find the price- demand equation, assuming that the function is linear.
 Ans : p  x   0.001x  2.2
(b) Evaluate the total maximum revenue and the price demand for each unit.
 Ans : R  x   RM1210, p  x   RM1.10
(c) If the cost for each unit of Food A is RM 0.50 and the daily fixed cost is
RM500, express the cost function.  Ans :C  x   0.5x  500
(d) Evaluate the maximum profit and the price at this level.
 Ans :  x   RM 222.50, p  x   RM1.35

12. Inovative Sdn. Bhd. makes toys. The demand function and average cost function, in
4000
ringgit are p(x) = 80 – 0.004x and C   8 , respectively, where x is the number of
x
toys made. Find
(a) the cost function  Ans :C  x   4000  8x 
(b) the maximum revenue and the number of toys that need to be sold to achieve this.
 Ans : R 10000  RM 400,000
(c) the maximum profit  Ans :  9000 =RM 320,000

13. Given the demand function and the average cost function, in ringgit, of a spare part are
100 2000
p  x  and C ( x)  1 
x x
(a) Show that at maximum profit, the marginal revenue equals the marginal cost
(b) Find the number of spare parts that need to be sold to ensure maximum profit
 Ans :2500 units
(c) Determine the price of a spare part at maximum profit  Ans : RM 2

14. The following is given for a product of a company :

Cost function: C(x) = 20x + 0.1x2 + 500 where x is the quantity sold.
Demand function is a linear:
At price of RM 78, 30 units are sold
At price of RM 58, 50 units are sold
Find :
(a) the demand function  Ans : p  x    x  108
(b) the total revenue function  Ans : R  x    x2  108x 
(c) the level of production in which profit is maximized  Ans :40 units
Prepared by: Nabilah binti Mohd Abd Fatah
Unit Matematik KMM
 ENHANCEMENT TOPIC 9: AM015
APPLICATION OF DIFFERENTIATIONS 2018/2019

(d) the maximum profit, price per unit, total revenue and total cost when profit is
maximized
 Ans :  40  RM1260, p  40  RM 68, R  40  RM 2720, C  40  RM1460

PAST YEAR QUESTIONS

dy
1. Given that the curve 2 x 2  4 xy  4 y 2  8 , find an expression for in terms of x and y
dx
. Hence, find the points on the curve where the tangent is parallel to the x -axis.
 dy y  x 
 Ans : dx  2 y  x , points:  2,2  &  2, 2 
 

2. (a) The demand function for a product is x  3000  25 p where x is the number of
unit demanded and p is the price in RM.
(i) Determine the price which should be charged to maximize the total revenue.
 Ans : RM 60
(ii) Find the maximum revenue.  Ans : RM 90, 000
b dy
(b) If y  ax3  2
, find the values of a and b if y  3 and  4 when x  1
x dx

 Ans : a  2, b  1
3. Find the equation of the normal line to the curve y 2  x  xy  3 at the coordinate 1,1 .
 Ans :2 y  3x  1

4. Given a curve y  12 x2  2 x3
(a) Determine the two stationary points of the above curve. Hence, determine whether
the two stationary points are maximum or minimum points.
 Ans :  0,0 : min point,  4,64 : max point 
(b) The gradient at a point P of the above curve is 24. Find the equation of the tangent
line at the point P .  Ans : y  24 x  16

5. Find the equation of the normal line to the curve 2 y 2  xy  2 x  4 at the coordinate
 2,1 .  Ans : y  2 x  3

6. Consider the curve y  x 4  2 x 2  2

(a) Determine the stationary points of the above curve and hence determine whether
the stationary points are maximum or minimum points.
 Ans :  0, 2 : max point,  1, 3 & 1, 3 : min point 
(b) A point  2, k  is on the curve. Determine the value of k , and hence find the
equation of the tangent line at the point.  Ans : k  6, y  24 x  42
Prepared by: Nabilah binti Mohd Abd Fatah
Unit Matematik KMM
 ENHANCEMENT TOPIC 9: AM015
APPLICATION OF DIFFERENTIATIONS 2018/2019

7. The demand function for a product is p  x   200  2 x and the average cost function is
200
C  x   0.4 x  8  where x is the numbers of unit produced. Find
x
(a) the cost, revenue and profit functions.

 Ans : C  x   0.4 x2  8x  200, R  x   200x  2x2 ,   x   2.4x2  192x  200

(b) the level output and the price at which the profit is maximized.

 Ans : p  40  RM120

8. The revenue function for the sales of x units of a product is R  x   ax 2  bx where a
and b are constants. If the optimal sale that maximizes revenue is 10 units and the
maximum revenue is RM 500, find the values a and b . Hence, find the price when the
revenue is maximum.  Ans : a  5, b  100, RM 50

9. The equation of a curve is y  10 x3  ax 2  12 x  b , where a and b are constants. The

curve has a minimum value of 6 at x  1

(a) Find the values of a and b .  Ans : a  21, b  5

(b) The gradient at the point M  x, y  on the curve is 12, where x  0 . Find the
 1 2459 
equation of the normal line to the curve at M .  Ans : y   12 x  300 

10. P  a, b  is a point on a curve y 

1
4
 
2 x3  5x2 with a  0 . Given the tangent line to the
curve at the point P is parallel to the line y  x , find the values of a and b . Hence, find
the equation of the normal line at the point P .  Ans : a  2, b  1, x  y  1
11. The demand function p and the average cost function C  x  for a product are given as
3000
p  0.1x  40 and C  x   0.5x  20  , where x is the number of units of the
x
product. Find
(a) the marginal revenue function and the profit function

 Ans : R '  x   0.2 x  40,   x   0.4x2  60x  3000

(b) the average revenue and the profit or loss when the cost is minimized.

 Ans : R  x   RM 42,   x    RM 1960

 

Prepared by: Nabilah binti Mohd Abd Fatah

Unit Matematik KMM