ROUTINES/SIGNAL WORDS* 6. Emphasis Signals (This is important.

)
1. Continuation Signals a major development a significant factor
(Warning-there are more ideas to come.) a primary concern a key feature
a major event a vital force
And again a central issue a distinctive quality
a final reason last of all above all by the way
moreover other especially important especially relevant
too also especially valuable important to note
and finally furthermore it all boils down to most of all
likewise next most noteworthy more than anything else
secondly with of course pay particular attention to
another first of all remember that should be noted
in addition more the most substantial issue the main value
one reason similarly the basic concept the crux of the matter
the chief outcome the principal item
2. Change-of-Direction Signals
(Watch out-we're doubling back.) 7. Cause, Condition, or Result Signals
(Condition or modification is coming up.)
Although despite
However in spite of Because for While
the opposite rather That As so that
while but Yet resulting from If
different from in contrast From Then until
nevertheless on the contrary Whether therefore Thus
still though consequently of So but
conversely even though Since in order that Unless
instead of otherwise due to Without
on the other hand yet
8. Spatial Signals (This answers the "where"
3. Sequence Signals question.)
(There is an order to these ideas.)
Between here Right
first, second, third in the first place Near Middle East
then before South under Across
after into (far into the night) Toward below outside
last since Over in next to
o'clock later On there These
A, B, C for one thing This west about
Next now Around away into
While until Beyond opposite inside
During always Out adjacent by
on time earlier Left close to side
Beside north over
4. Time Signals (When is it happening?) in front of behind above
upon alongside far
When lately near
at the same time once
immediately already 9. Comparison-Contrast Signals
final during (We will now compare idea A with idea B.)
now little by little
after awhile And too either
more than even much as
5. Illustration Signals but yet opposite
(Here's what that principle means in reality.) though or best
less same then
for example for instance like different from however
such as in the same way as specifically rather also most
to illustrate less than better half
much like similar to analogous to still although
while
10. Conclusion Signals
(This ends the discussion and may have special
importance.)

as a result
from this we see
hence consequently
in conclusion
last of all finally
in summary
therefore

11. Fuzz Signals

(Idea is not exact, or author is not positive and
wishes to qualify a statement.)

almost
maybe
except
nearly
seems like
sort of if
could
should
might
was reported
probably looks like
some
alleged
reputed
purported

12. Nonword Emphasis Signals

exclamation point (!)

underline
italics
bold type
subheads, like The Conclusion
indentation of paragraph
graphic illustrations
numbered points (1, 2, 3)
very short sentence: Stop war.
"quotation marks"