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BCA -SEMESTER 1

COMPUTER CONCEPT ~ C PROGRAMMING


cccc

1.c Ques: What is the difference between declaration and initialization? Explain with
example.cc
c  c
 c c cc ccc c

 cM  cc c


 c 
c cc ccccc c

 c c c

 c
  c  cc c cc ccc cc  c 
cc

cc
 cccc c c ccc c  ccc

 c !c
 ccc
c cc
 ccc

 " c
 c cc   cccc cc
M

 ccc c cc
 ccc
cc 
cc
c
#$%cc c c ccccc c  cc$%cc

 " c !cc
c$cc
c
c &'c
 c#c
cc

( c c c c c c " c c c 


c
!cc

 cc#c$c
c c#c&'c
 cc#c
cc

D. Ques: What is conditional operator? using conditional operator find a smallest


number among two numbers.

Ans: The Conditional operator

V c cccccc ccc cc c


c  cc ccc
6  c6 6 

! c6 6 "cc6 #cc  $cc

V ccc
% c c
c6   cc $cc c&c'c c c
 c6 "c ccc c ccc c $c(c6  c 'c
6  ccc cc c ccc c $c)c'c c
 c
c  cc

** cc

"** cc

+ cc

(c  c'cc
cc c ccc$cV  ccc c c c$$$, c
 c c
cc
c
+cc

 cc

 cc

#cc

[. Ques: What are the commonly used input/output functions in C? How are they
accessed.

Ans:c Àc c  c  c  c  c c  c  c 


 c  c 
c  c   c c
 c  c)*+c c c c -c  c c cc c *c
  !cc

 c*'c c*'c  c*'c c*'c c*c,c c*cc

 c*'c c*'c  c*'c c*'c c*c c c*cc c

  c c c
  c cc-  c  cc cc cc 
 c. c c
c c c
 c c c c*c c c*cc c.c  ccc c.c  c
 c  c*c c c*cc c.c
c c  c-  c  c c
 c  c 
c c c   c c.c c%c c c%c  cc cc
 c   c  c*'c c*'c c*c c c*c  cc c c c

 cc

-  c  c cc c.  cc


c c  c c cc  cc

A  
 

  


 
 cc
c- cc 
 c
 cc

 c c c
c  c c c
 cc
  ccc c c c
cc!/cc
c 0
cc 
 cc
"cc c 
 cc
#c 1 ccc c 
 cc

V cÚ  cc

- c 
 c. cc
 c c c.ccc
c c. c cc 
 c.  c c c

 c
c2 c2c  !cc
)3c
+cc

c#c cc
4 cc c 5c2 .c ccc.c cc c c c. c  c c c cc
c cc  c'cc c  cc$cc

,c.ccc c cccccc

/cc0c $ c3c


cccc
1cc
c cc
cVcc c
c2'c,c cc
cc0c*c-3c %c
 c cc cccc3-cc

cc4c c-3c(cc cc cccc $c3c-c


cV c cc c2cc5'c cc
6cc

V cÚ  cc

( cc 
 c
 c c  c  cc  c 
 c c c 7c.  c ccc
cc c  c c c
c8c c c
!cc

) c3c%+cc

cc 
cc cc

 c9cc

 )7 5c


c: 7+cc

c#c%cc
c

Nesting of Ú c  cc
( c c cc cc c c c $c)c c'c ccc c
c cc%cc ccc
c c
 c $c)c'c c cc
cccc
 c c c
 c6cc c c c
%c'c
 ccccc
 c c cc c
%c 'ccc cc
 c c cc
 c
%c cc

Example:

+c*cc

1cc

c+c*cc

c7  $5 cc

c  cc   $5 cc


c
6
cc
 cc 1cc >

> +c*cc

> 7c
 $c5c cc

>  cc 


 $c5 cc

> 8cc

! cc ccc ccc c c 'c cccccc c


c c1c8'c c 
'cc%ccc ccccc cc 
c  c
 cc
 c c c
 c
 c$c( c cccccc c c 'c c c

'cc%c ccccc  $c! cc c9c ccc%c
 cc cccc cc c  'cc cc  cc
cc cc cc
 c c c6cc c c
$cV 'cc c cc%c c c cc c $cc

l. Ques: Explain with general syntax the switch statement.

Ans: The switch statement


V cswitch case  ccc  cccif  c ccccc
cc cc cc c c ccc c cc'c
 c c ccccchar). V c ccc cswitch case  cc
$cV c
cc ccccswitch  ccc cc
c cc c  'cc

ccc  c ccc c'c cc cc c
cc c$cc

>
c

 cc0+cc1c

 c  :cc

cccc0+cc  :c

% cc

 c :cc

cccc0+cc :c

% cc

cc

cccc0+c cc6c cc


ccc c  cc

% cc

8cc

ƒ. Ques: Write a recursive program to solve Towers of Hanoi problem.

Ans: c

/0 $ +c

cc

1cc
c; c<'c 'c 'c  cc

 cc

cV
 cc<55 c

c<
cc %  c

2'c= cc

5 cc
; c<'c > 'c ; 'c  cc

8cc

c; c<c'c c'c c'c ccc

1cc

V cc % ccccc c
c


ccc % cc

cc

 cc

c c


1cc

+?1cc


c:(c % ccccc


; c@c<:c'c'c'c cc


c c %cccc c


cAc %c2cc2cc25'c'c'c cc


c:(c % cccc c


; @<:'c'c'c cc

6cc

 cc

8cc

å. Ques: Explain single dimensional and two dimensional array concepts.

Ans: ›       
c'c
 ccc c c ccc

c cc

 cc c'cc'cccint. It  c c ccccîî c


c $cV ccc

cB(?C cc

 c c 'c c 'c   c c  'c  c c c int. c %'c c
c ccc cc cc cc$c9c c
 cc c c c
 cccccccc cccà Ã    ccc
cc cc cc cc  $c!cc c c
ccc
 ccc%c  cc
c

cc
c

Multidimensional Arrays or Two dimensional

V c cc
c ccc ccc$c(c  c 'c
c
c%cc
%cc
: c $c?cc c cc ccc
c c
c  cc c ccc$c(c 'c c
: ccccc c

cc
ccB#cCcBDC cc

)
c c c
ccc c
c c&c
: c $cc

cB#CBDCcc1c

1E'F'D' 'G'H8'cc
1(c'F'D'G'"'E8'cc

1*'E'E'#''c8cc

8 cc

 c cc c%c cc

BCcBECc:" cc

cB"CBCc+c*c1cc

,cB"CBCc c2'cB"CB(C cc

6cc

;c 'c%cc 'c


: c cccc?$c
V 'c ccc  c cccB*CcB*CcccB"CcBFC$cc
m. Ques: Write a program to illustrate the concept of extern variable.

Ans: Vcc c c


cccc cccexternvariables.h

cc**** cc

cF$F cc
cccccc" cc c
> >
cccccc  cc

cccccVcc c c


cccc c cccdemoexternvar.c

c/0 $ +cc


/c $ c
 c cc
c cc ccc
ccc $c3c

ccc

1cc

c cc c c
 cccc $ c


cc cc
cc cc
cc cc

cc  cc
¬  3c¬

 c33c**$* cc

( 25'c  cc

8cc

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