At dahil 250 plus na tau d2 sa group.... I'm going to share some notes...

:)

Notes for MUSIC

Music of Cordillera
Hudhud (chanted epic poetry)
Tongatong (Bamboo Stamping Tubes)
Saggeypo (Bamboo Pipes in a Row)
Bungkaka (Bamboo Buzzers)
Kubing (Bamboo Jew’s Harp)
Patteteg (Bamboo Leg Xylophones)
Gangsa Palook(Gongs played with sticks)
Gangsa Topayya (Gongs played with hands)

Music of the Lowlands of Luzon : Spanish Influence in Secular Music

Harana (Spanish ‘jarana’) – serenade; traditionally sung by a young man to a young woman
outside the young woman’s house as a profession of his love to her. usually accompanied by a
guitar.
Kumintang- originally a war song, this song in triple time can be of any topic: love, resentment,
or a social commentary. It can also be a dance or a combination of song and dance in this style.
Kundiman (kung hindi man) – an art song about the love of a man for a woman but can also be
about patriotic sentiments, the woman as an object of love and sacrifice of the man representing
the Philippines whose countrymen are willing to do sacrifices for freedom. It usually starts in a
minor key and then goes to the major key.
Polka- a lively dance in duple time.
Pandanggo- originating from the fandango of Spain, it is a fast-paced dance in triple time.
Usually, dancers use accessories such as hats and lighted candle in a glass
Rondalla- an ensemble of plucked instruments and sometimes with percussion
Bandurria- 14-stringed pear-shaped lute with a round sound hole and played with a plectrum, it
plays the melody in the rondalla ensemble.
Laud- 14-stringed pear-shaped lute with f-shaped sound holes and played with a plectrum, it plays
the alto part or counter melody in the rondalla ensemble. It is bigger than the bandurria.
Octavina- 14-stringed lute which is shaped like a small guitar and played with a plectrum, it plays
a counter melody or harmony fill-in in the rondalla ensemble.
Bajo de Uñas- a bass guitar which looks like a big guitar and is played by a plectrum. It plays the
bass part and serves as a rhythmic support.

Music of the Lowlands of Luzon : Philippine Music during the American and Japanese periods
sarswela – adapted from the zarzuela of Spain, this is a musical theatre form incorporating
singing and dancing, usually about love and/or longing for freedom
danza – a dance in duple time of Cuban origin
balse – waltz; a dance in triple time
symphonic band – an ensemble composed mostly of brass and woodwind instruments and
sometimes, include percussion instruments
 Philippine Constabulary Band – symphonic band founded by Col. Walter H. Loving in October
15, 1902 and is famous for playing in the St. Louis Exposition in 1904
musiko bumbong – an improvised brass band ensemble whose instruments are made out of
bamboo

Music of the Mangyan of Mindoro

Igway (song)
Marayaw (spirit song)
Pamuybuyen (legend)
Bangsi (flute)
Subing (jew’s harp)
Gitgit (lute)
Agong (gongs)
Kalutang (sticks)

Music of Palawan
Vocal Music: Bagit, Kulial (Songs), Tultul (Epic chant), Ulit (Shamanic chant)
Instrumental Music: aruding (Jew’s harp), babarak (ring flute), suling (banded flute), basal
(gong), kusyapiq (lute), pagang (bamboo zither)
Performance Styles / Techniques: Onomatopeia, Bagit Bird Scale (no half steps) and Kulial Scale
(with half steps), Magibut (playing together), Karang (Sung-Spoken dialogue), Lumbaga
(Shamanic chant about the voyage of the soul)

Music of the Visayas

Balitao (Sung debate), Pastores (Christmas) , Kanta (Ballad, Lullaby, Courtship)
Instrumental Music: Rondalla, Tultogan (a bamboo drum)
Nationalistic Songs and Love Songs
1. Himno Nacional Filipino –known presently as Lupang Hinirang, the National Anthem of the
Philippines, with music by Julian Felipe, originally an instrumental march, known as either
Marcha Filipina Nacional or Marcha Filipino Magdalo, and lyrics from Jose Palma’s Filipinas,
Letra Para La Marcha Nacional. This work was commissioned by Emilio Aguinaldo and was
played during the declaration of Philippine Independence on June 12, 1898.
2. Marangal na Dalit ng Katagalugan – with music and lyrics written by Julio Nakpil in 1896.
Nakpil later changed the title to Salve Patria. This work was commissioned by Andres
Bonifacio, but Emilio Aguinaldo preferred the work of Julian Felipe. It was fist played to
commemorate the eighth anniversary of Rizal’s execution on December 30, 1904.
3. Kundiman – known as The Philippines’ signature love song; It is an art song in triple time.
According to Raymundo Bañas, there are three theories on the origin of the kundiman: a shortened
version of the phrase “kung hindi man”, derived from the verse “Hele hele nang kandungan/ Hele
hele ng kundiman”, and kundiman, referring to a red cloth worn by male dancers or men in the
Philippines. Aside from messages of love, it also expressed sentiments of nationalism.
4. Nasaan Ka Irog? – a kundiman in slow triple time composed by Nicanor Abelardo in 1923,
which was inspired by his childhood friend Dr. Francisco Tecson’s personal experience on love.
The original Spanish was written by Narciso Asistio; the Tagalog lyrics were written by Jose
Corazon de Jesus. This song has inspired the filming of a 1936 movie, retaining the title of the
song.
5. Nicanor Santa Ana Abelardo (1893-1934) – He is one of our great composers, pianist, and a
teacher of composition at the University of the Philippines then Conservatory of Music. His 140
compositions include kundimans, sarswelas, instrumental works, and UP Beloved, a university l
hymn which won first prize in an open musical composition contest.
6. Ballad- a narrative song, ranging from indigenous forms to Hispanic-influenced themes. The
romantic themes of the contemporary ballad or urban popular love songs are closely related to the
kundiman.
7. Gaano Ko Ikaw Kamahal? – a ballad composed by Ernani Cuenco in 1979, with lyrics by Levi
Celerio, both National Artists for Music. It was used as a movie theme for a 1980s movie with the
same title, starring Lito Lapid.
8. Ernani Joson Cuenco (1936-1988) – proclaimed National Artist for Music in 1999; He was an
award-winning film scorer in the early 1960s, working in collaboration with National Artist for
Music Levi Celerio. He was also a teacher and a seasoned orchestra player.
9. Order of National Artists – The highest national recognition bestowed upon to Filipino artists
who have made significant contributions to the development of Philippine arts; namely, Music,
Dance, Theater, Visual Arts, Literature, Film, Broadcast Arts, and
Architecture and Allied Arts. The order is jointly administered by the National Commission for
Culture and the Arts (NCCA) and the Cultural Center of the Philippines (CCP) and conferred by
the President of the Philippines upon recommendation by both institutions. (from NCCA Website)

Composed Solo and Choral Music

Felipe De Leon, National Artist for Music, composed Payapang Daigdig, his masterpiece
known for the music and the message of peace.
Lucio San Pedro, a well-known composer and band master.. One of his famous masterpieces, Sa
Ugoy ng Duyan, is also the fourth movement of his orchestral work “Suite Pastorale,” which was
written for his hometown.
For someone to be included in the Order of National Artists, he should be a living Filipino citizen
artist at the time of nomination or has died after the establishment of the award in 1972 as a
Filipino citizen at the time of his death.
Solo vocal music – a song with only one line (melody) that can either be sung a capella or with
instrumental accompaniment
Choral music – music that is meant to be sung by a choir. The common set-up of a choir is made
up of four voices: soprano, alto, tenor, and bass.
Instrumental Music Composed by Representative Filipino Composers
Composition – Malikmata (Molina), Mindanao Sketches( Buenventura,) Dularawan (Kasilag) ,
Udlot-udlot (Maceda)
Solo – music that is meant to be performed by a single performer
Orchestral – music that is arranged for and meant to be played by an orchestra. A basic orchestra
is composed of four sections of instruments: strings, woodwinds, brass, and percussion.
Large work – music that is arranged for a variety of instruments, sometimes including
humanmade sounds (i. e.voice). Performers can even reach up to a thousand.
New Music – originating from the term Neue Musik (German) that was coined by Paul Bekker in
1919. This refers to “contemporary classical/serious music.”
OPM – Original Pinoy Music or Original Philippine Music; a label used for original popular
songs by Filipino artists
Genre – a distinct style of music
Pop – refers generally to music that is easily accessible by the public through mass media, and is
also subject to selling
Fusion – a style of music infusing World music elements
Novelty song – comical popular songs that may be for a current situation, holiday, or just a can
just be a dance fad
Hip hop – a style of music incorporating complex, stylized rhythms that is often accompanied by
rapping. It belongs to a subculture that also goes by the same name, hip hop.
Folk rock – a style of music combining folk and rock elements. It is a genre term that was
originally coined in the USA and/or UK. During the 1960s.

God bless.... Always pray and read.... :)