General Comment No.

10 Implementation Problems of JJWA England and

US Canada Wales
Beijing Rules House Bill No. 8858
Enactment of Saudi Arabia
Juvenile Justice and
Riyadh Guidelines Legal Framework of
Welfare Act
other Countries in
Japan
Comparison with Phil.
Proposed
ICCPR CRC Parens
Legislation
Patriae
France

UDHR
International Laws Relevant Laws Relevant
and Treaties Concept
Classical & Reformation vs. Reforma
ICESR Positivist Retribution tion of
Children
Lowering the Minimum
Philippine Laws Age of Criminal
Responsibility Doli Incapax
Juvenile Justice and Basis of presumption and
Welfare Act applicability
Philippine Constitution Analysis/ Examining the
Best Interest of Best
Child and Youth Constitutionality of
the Child Factors to be interest
Welfare Code Lowering the MACR
considered under
JJWA

Lowering the MACR and the Lowering the MACR and

Philippine Constitution the International Laws Discernment and the current Balancing the ‘best interest of the
MACR in the Philippines
child’ and the protection of the
Due Process
society from juvenile crimes
General Comment No. 10
Does a 12 yr old have alreadly
a discernment? Is the Best
Interest
Substantive Procedural Lowering the MACR
and Domestic Laws
Principle
covered in
Lowering of
Child and Youth Welfare Code MACR in the
Retribution vs. Reformation
Is the deprivation of liberty of the Philippines?
for Child in Conflict with the
CICL as a last resort is effective?
Law