WORKSHEET Name:

1 States of matter
Core curriculum
1 Which change of state involves particles losing energy, and moving closer together?
Circle letter A, B, C or D.
A gas to liquid B liquid to solid C solid to liquid D liquid to gas

2 The table shows melting and boiling points for four substances. In which are the particles
in an ordered arrangement at room temperature? Circle letter A, B, C or D.

melting point / ºC boiling point / ºC

A – 115 79
B – 91 – 88
C 80 218
D – 23 77

3 A pure sample of ethanoic acid was heated from 10 ºC. The temperature was recorded at
intervals of one minute. These are the results:

Time / min 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Temperature / ºC 10 17 17 17 17 17 20 40 60 80

Time / min 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19
Temperature / ºC 100 118 118 118 118 118 118 135 160 185

a Plot a graph to show how the temperature changes with time, on this squared paper.

b Add these two labels in the correct places on your graph:

melting point boiling point

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c Which change is taking place between the first and fifth minutes? .

d Choose a time when the ethanoic acid is evaporating, but not boiling:

e Choose a temperature at which all the particles of ethanoic acid are:

i moving around slowly, in a random way

ii vibrating about a fixed position

iii able to fill the available volume

f Ethanoic acid is cooled

from 150 ºC to 0 ºC.
Sketch a graph in this
box to show how its
temperature will change
over time.
Add these labels in
the correct places:
liquifying
solidifying

4 Liquid bromine forms a red-brown vapour when placed

in the bottom of a gas jar. Bromine is heavier than air.
air
a Draw particles in the empty gas jar, to show how particles
their distribution will have changed after 24 hours.
b Fill in the missing words.
i Diffusion is caused by the
movement of particles.
ii Cross out the incorrect one in each pair in italics.
The bromine particles in the gas jar moved from
where their concentration was high / low to where
bromine
it was high / low. Over time, the concentration of particles
the bromine particles became zero / the same
all through the gas jar.
c Diffusion takes place in liquids too. Suggest a way to demonstrate this in the lab.

© OUP: this may be reproduced for class use solely for the purchaser’s institute