INITIAL SPECIFICATON ESTIMATE

AIRCRAFT WEIGHTS

GROSS WEIGHT (ASSUMED), Wg = 5000 lb (FROM ACTIVITY 1)

𝑊𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑤 +𝑊𝑝𝑎𝑦𝑙𝑜𝑎𝑑 +𝑊𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙

GROSS WEIGHT (CALCULATED), Wo = 𝑊
1− 𝑒
𝑊𝑔

 FUEL WEIGHT, WF

𝑊𝐹 = 𝐶 × 𝐸 × 1.5

WHERE:

𝑙𝑏
C = FUEL CONSUMPTION IN
ℎ𝑟

E = ENDURANCE (FROM ACTIVITY 1)

 FOR FUEL CONSUMPTION, C

𝑔𝑎𝑙 𝑙𝑏𝑠
𝐶 = 15.5 ×6
ℎ𝑟 𝑔𝑎𝑙

𝑙𝑏
𝐶 = 93
ℎ𝑟

 FOR ENDURANCE (ASSUMED), E

𝐸 = 3 ℎ𝑟𝑠

𝑙𝑏
𝑊𝐹 = × 3 ℎ𝑟𝑠 × 1.5
ℎ𝑟

𝑊𝐹 = 𝑙𝑏𝑠

 CREW WEIGHT, WC

𝑊𝐶 = 𝑁𝑂. 𝑂𝐹 𝐶𝑅𝐸𝑊 × 170 𝑙𝑏𝑠

𝑊𝐶 = 1 × 170 𝑙𝑏𝑠

𝑊𝐶 = 170 𝑙𝑏𝑠

 PAYLOAD WEIGHT, WPL

𝑊𝑃𝐿 = 𝑊𝑃𝐴𝑋 + 𝑊𝐵𝐴𝐺

 FOR 𝑊𝑃𝐴𝑋

𝑊𝑃𝐴𝑋 = 𝑁𝑂. 𝑂𝐹 𝑃𝐴𝑋 × 170 𝑙𝑏𝑠

𝑊𝑃𝐴𝑋 = 3 × 170 𝑙𝑏𝑠
𝑊𝑃𝐴𝑋 = 510 𝑙𝑏𝑠
  FOR 𝑊𝐵𝐴𝐺

𝑊𝐵𝐴𝐺 = 𝑁𝑂. 𝑂𝐹 𝐵𝐴𝐺𝑆 × 40 𝑙𝑏𝑠

𝑊𝐵𝐴𝐺 = 4 × 40 𝑙𝑏𝑠
𝑊𝐵𝐴𝐺 = 160 𝑙𝑏𝑠

𝑊𝑃𝐿 = 𝑊𝑃𝐴𝑋 + 𝑊𝐵𝐴𝐺

𝑊𝑃𝐿 = 510 𝑙𝑏𝑠 + 160 𝑙𝑏𝑠
𝑊𝑃𝐿 = 670 𝑙𝑏𝑠

𝑊𝑒
 FOR EMPTY WEIGHT TO GROSS WEIGHT RATIO,
𝑊𝑔

𝑊𝑒
= 𝐴𝑊𝑔 𝑐 𝑘𝑣𝑠
𝑊𝑔

𝑊𝑒
= (2.36)(3350 𝑙𝑏𝑆)−0.18 (1.00)
𝑊𝑔

𝑊𝑒
= 0.5475
𝑊𝑔

 GROSS WEIGHT (CALCULATED), 𝑊𝑜

𝑊𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑤 + 𝑊𝑝𝑎𝑦𝑙𝑜𝑎𝑑 + 𝑊𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙

𝑊𝑜 =
𝑊
1 − 𝑒
𝑊𝑔

170 𝑙𝑏𝑠 + 670 𝑙𝑏𝑠 + 697.5 𝑙𝑏𝑠

𝑊𝑜 =
1 − 0.5475

𝑊𝑜 = 3397.79 𝑙𝑏𝑠
  EMPTY WEIGHT, 𝑊𝑒

𝑊𝑒 = 𝑊𝑜 − (𝑊𝐶 + 𝑊𝑃𝐿 + 𝑊𝐹 )

𝑊𝑒 = 3397.79 𝑙𝑏𝑠 − (170 𝑙𝑏𝑠 + 670 𝑙𝑏𝑠 + 697.5 𝑙𝑏𝑠)

𝑊𝑒 = 1860.9 𝑙𝑏𝑠

𝐿
MAXIMUM LIFT-TO-DRAG RATIO, ( )𝑀𝐴𝑋 ESTIMATION
𝐷

FROM FIG. 3.5

𝑆𝑊𝐸𝑇
= 6.371
𝑆𝑅𝐸𝐹

 WETTED ASPECT RATIO

𝐴
𝑊𝐸𝑇𝑇𝐸𝐷 𝐴𝑆𝑃𝐸𝐶𝑇 𝑅𝐴𝑇𝐼𝑂 =
𝑆
( 𝑊𝐸𝑇 )
𝑆𝑅𝐸𝐹
9.9
𝑊𝐸𝑇𝑇𝐸𝐷 𝐴𝑆𝑃𝐸𝐶𝑇 𝑅𝐴𝑇𝐼𝑂 =
6.371

𝑊𝐸𝑇𝑇𝐸𝐷 𝐴𝑆𝑃𝐸𝐶𝑇 𝑅𝐴𝑇𝐼𝑂 = 1.55

FROM FIG. 3.6

𝐿
= 13.67
𝐷 𝑀𝐴𝑋

AIRCRAFT SIZING

 WING
o WING SPAN, b : 44 ft 6 in
o WING AREA, SREF : 200 ft2
o TAPER RATIO, λ : 1.0
o TIP CHORD, Ct : 4.49 ft
o MEAN AERODYNAIC CHORD, 𝐶̅ : 4.49 ft
o ROOT CHORD, Cr : 4.49 ft
o DISTANCE OF 𝐶̅ TO Y-AXIS : 11.125 ft
o ASPECT RATIO, A : 9.9
 FUSELAGE
o FUSELAGE LENGTH, LFUS

𝐿𝐹𝑈𝑆 = 𝑎𝑊𝑜 𝑐

WHERE:

a = 4.37

Wo = 3397.79𝑙𝑏𝑠

C = 0.23

𝐿𝐹𝑈𝑆 = 𝑎𝑊𝑜 𝑐

𝐿𝐹𝑈𝑆 = (4.37)(3397.79𝑙𝑏𝑠)0.23

𝐿𝐹𝑈𝑆 = 28.36 𝑓𝑡
 EMPENNAGE (TAIL)
a) VERTICAL TAIL, VT

TAIL ARM, 𝐿𝑉𝑇

TAIL VOLUME COEFFICIENT, 𝑆𝑉𝑇

 𝐶𝑉𝑇 𝑏𝑤 𝑆𝑅𝐸𝐹
𝑆𝑉𝑇 = 𝐿𝑉𝑇

WHERE:

𝐶𝑉𝑇 = 0.04

𝑏𝑤 = 36 ft

𝑆𝑅𝐸𝐹 = 174 ft2

𝐿𝑉𝑇 = 16.7006 ft

𝐶𝑉𝑇 𝑏𝑤 𝑆𝑅𝐸𝐹
𝑆𝑉𝑇 = 𝐿𝑉𝑇

(0.04)(36 𝑓𝑡)(174 𝑓𝑡 2 )
𝑆𝑉𝑇 = 16.7006 𝑓𝑡

𝑆𝑉𝑇 = 15.003053 𝑓𝑡 2

 ROOT CHORD, Cr : 4.94 ft

 TIP CHORD, Ct : 2.41 ft
 MEAN AERODYNAIC CHORD, 𝐶̅ : 3.83 ft
 TAPER RATIO, λ : 0.49
 ASPECT RATIO, A : 1.57
 VERTICAL TAIL SPAN, bVT : 5.7944
b) HORIZONTAL TAIL, HT
TAIL ARM, 𝐿𝐻𝑇

TAIL VOLUME COEFFICIENT, 𝑆𝑉𝑇

𝐶𝐻𝑇 𝑐̅𝑤 𝑆𝑅𝐸𝐹

𝑆𝐻𝑇 = 𝐿𝐻𝑇

WHERE:

𝐶𝐻𝑇 = 0.70

𝑐̅𝑤 = 5.4 ft

𝑆𝑅𝐸𝐹 = 174 ft2

𝐿𝐻𝑇 = 16.7006 ft

𝐶𝐻𝑇 𝑐̅𝑤 𝑆𝑅𝐸𝐹

𝑆𝐻𝑇 = 𝐿𝐻𝑇
 (0.70)(5.4 𝑓𝑡)(174 𝑓𝑡 2 )
𝑆𝐻𝑇 = 16.7006 𝑓𝑡

𝑆𝐻𝑇 = 39.38 𝑓𝑡 2

 TAPER RATIO, λ : 1.0

 ASPECT RATIO, A : 5.0
 PROPELLER DIAMETER, D
4
o THREE BLADE : 𝑑 = 18 √𝐻𝑃

1 𝑓𝑡
𝑑 = 18 4√350ℎ𝑝 ×
12 𝑖𝑛

𝑑 = 6.4880 𝑓𝑡