ENGINEERING REVIEW CENTER

22-B, 2nd Floor, Adivay Bldg., Bonifacio St., Baguio City

call or text: 0920-928-6369; facebook: acersenggrvwcentrbaguio@gmail.com

HYDRAULICS & GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING 7. The pressure 25 m below a certain liquid surface is 570.67 kPa.
(PART II) Which of the following most nearly gives the specific gravity of the
liquid?
1. The pressure exerted onto a liquid is transmitted undiminished to all A. 2.26 B. 2.44
portions of the liquid. This principle of mechanics is attributed to: (CE C. 2.33 D. 2.56
NOV 2016)
A. Archimedes B. Pascal SOLUTION:
C. Bernoulli D. Newton P2  P1  h

ANSWER: B. Pascal 570.67  0  s  9.81 25 

s  2.3269
2. It is the force per unit length that an “imaginary film” formed on the
surface of a liquid due to the intermolecular attraction of liquid ANSWER: C. 2.33
molecules. It is responsible, for example, when an object or insect
that is denser than water is able to float or run along the water 8. A tank open at the top has a height of 5.4 m and a width of 2 m. It
surface. (CE MAY 2015) contains 2.4 m of oil (s = 0.80), 1.8 m of water, and 1.2 m of mercury
A. specific weight B. surface tension (s = 13.6). Which of the following most nearly gives the total
C. dynamic viscosity D. uplift pressure hydrostatic force acting on a side of the tank?
A. 99.591 kN B. 144.796 kN
ANSWER: B. surface tension C. 279.703 kN D. 424.498 kN

3. A certain liquid has an absolute viscosity of 0.005 Pa-sec and a SOLUTION:

2
kinematic viscosity of 3.5 mm /s. Determine the density of the liquid.
A. 1845.72 kg/m
3
B. 1752.84 kg/m
3 Hydrostatic force acting on submerged surface:
C. 1428.57 kg/m
3
D. 1287.45 kg/m
3 F  PA  PcgA
Force acting on oil:
SOLUTION:
 2.4 
Foil   0.80  9.81    2.4  2 
  2 

 Foil  45.20448 kN
0.005
3.5  10002 
 Force acting on water:
  1428.5714 kg/m 3   1.8  
Fwater   0.80  9.81 2.4    9.81    1.8  2 
  2 
3
ANSWER: C. 1428.57 kg/m Fwater  99.59112 kN

4. Determine the weight of a 5 kg mass in a place where the Force acting on mercury:
2
acceleration due to gravity is 8.75 m/s .  
A. 24.57 N B. 43.75 N  0.80  9.81 2.4  
C. 49.05 N D. 34.89 N  
Fmercury     9.811.8   1.2  2 
 
SOLUTION:   1.2  
  13.6  9.81   2 
  
W  mg   5  8.75 
Fmercury  279.70272 kN
W  43.75 N
Total force actin on a side of the tank:
ANSWER: B. 43.75 N
F  Foil  Fwater  Fmercury
5. Compute the specific weight of air at a temperature of 30C and F  424.49832 kN
absolute pressure of 560 kPa. Use R = 287 N-m/kg-K for air.
3 3
A. 61.73 N/m B. 76.31 N/m ANSWER: D. 424.498 kN
3 3
C. 63.17 N/m D. 73.16 N/m
SITUATION I. (CE NOV 2017, CE MAY 2018)
SOLUTION: An isosceles triangular plate of height 480 mm and base 200 mm is
vertically submerged in water with its vertex at the water surface and its
Pabs 560,000 base is parallel to the water surface.
air  
RT  287  273  30 9. Which of the following most nearly gives the total hydrostatic force
acting on one side of the plate?
air  6.4397 kg/m3 A. 75.34 N B. 301.36 N
C. 150.68 N D. 200.91 N
air  air  g  6.4397  9.81
10. Which of the following most nearly gives the distance of the total
air  63.1731 N/m3 hydrostatic force from the center of gravity of the plate?
3
A. 80 mm B. 40 mm
ANSWER: C. 63.17 N/m C. 12 mm D. 24 mm
3 11. Which of the following most nearly gives the distance of the total
6. Assuming specific weight of air to be constant at 11 N/m , what is the
hydrostatic force from the water surface?
approximate height of Mt. Makiling if a mercury barometer at the base
A. 232 mm B. 400 mm
of the mountain reads 564 mm and at the same time another mercury
barometer at the top of the mountain reads 475 mm? C. 360 mm D. 184 mm
A. 1079.46 m B. 935.62 m
SOLUTION:
C. 1248.03 m D. 1302.19 m
Total hydrostatic force acting on one side of the plate:
SOLUTION:
F  hA
Pbase  Ptop   airh
2  1 
F   9810    0.480    0.200  0.480 
Hghbase  Hghtop   air h 3  2 
13.6  9810  0.564   13.6  9810  0.475   11h F  150.6816 N
h  1079.4567 m
ANSWER: C. 150.68 N
ANSWER: A. 1079.46 m

CIVIL ENGINEERING – FOCUS REVIEW – PART II – 2019 MDSD ☺

HYD RAULICS & G EOTECHNICAL ENG INEER ING FOCUS REVIEW – PART II – 2019

Distance of the total hydrostatic force from the center of gravity of the SITUATION II. (CE MAY 2013, CE MAY 2018)
plate: An object having a specific gravity of 0.60 floats in a liquid having a specific
st
1 : gravity of 0.80.
I 14. Which of the following most nearly gives the ratio of the volume below
e the liquid surface to the total volume of the object?
Ah
A. 3/4 B. 4/3
 200  480 3
1
C. 2/3 D. 3/2
e 36 3
15. If the volume of the object above the liquid surface is 0.024 m , which
 200  480   3  480 
1 2 of the following most nearly gives the weight of the object?
2   A. 941.76 N B. 753.41 N
e  40 mm C. 659.23 N D. 565.06 N
nd 3
2 : 16. If the volume of the object above the liquid surface is 0.024 m , which
 1 3 of the following most nearly gives the additional load that will cause
9810   0.200  0.480   sin  90 
e

 I sin 
  36 
the object to be fully submerged?
A. 423.79 N B. 235.44 N
F 150.6816
C. 188.35 N D. 376.70 N
e  0.04 m  40 mm
ANSWER: B. 40 mm SOLUTION:
Ratio of the volume below the liquid surface to the total volume
Distance of the total hydrostatic force from the water surface:
of the object:
2
ycp  h  e   480   40 BF  W
3
ycp  360 mm  0.80 w  Vsubmerged   0.60 w  Vtotal
Vsubmerged 0.60 3
 
ANSWER: C. 360 mm Vtotal 0.80 4

12. A dam 4 m wide at the top, 16 m at the bottom, and 24 m high, has ANSWER: A. 3/4
water 18 m deep on its vertical side. Neglecting hydrostatic uplift, If the volume of the object above the liquid surface is 0.024 m ,
3

determine the soil pressure at the heel. Assume unit weight of weight of object:
3
concrete to be 23.50 kN/m . (CE MAY 2000) BF  W
A. 705.00 kPa B. 446.26 kPa
C. 352.50 kPa D. 258.74 kPa
 0.80 w  Vsubmerged   0.60 w  Vtotal
 0.80   Vtotal  0.024    0.60  Vtotal
SOLUTION:
Vtotal  0.096 m3
Active forces:
W  V   0.60  9810  0.096 
 18 
Fx   9.81   18  1  1589.22 kN W  565.056 N
 2 
WR   23.50  4  24  1  2256 kN ANSWER: D. 565.06 N
3
1  If the volume of the object above the liquid surface is 0.024 m ,
WT   23.50    12  24  1  3384 kN additional load that will cause the object to be fully submerged:
2 
F   0.80  9810  0.024 
Reactive forces:
F  188.352 N
Rx  Fx  1589.22 kN
Ry  WR  WT  5640 kN ANSWER: C. 188.35 N
3
Location of Ry from toe: 17. A balloon is filled with 3000 m of hydrogen having a specific weight of
3
1.1 N/m . If the balloon weighs 1400 N and the specific weight of air is
2  1 
Ry x  RM  OM  WR 14   WT   12   Fx   18 
3
12.01 N/m , determine the lift that the balloon exerts at the earth’s
3  3  surface upon take off.
B 16 A. 34130 N B. 37930 N
x  8.7093 m    8 m  R y is near the heel
2 2 C. 40730 N D. 31330 N
Eccentricity:
SOLUTION:
B
ex  0.7093 m
2 Wballoon  Whydrogen  Flift  BFair
Pressure at the heel: 1400  1.1 3000   Flift  12.01 3000 
Ry  6e  Flift  31330 N
Pheel  Pmax  1
B 1  B 
Pheel  446.2659 kPa ANSWER: D. 31330 N

ANSWER: B. 446.26 kPa 18. A rectangular barge weighing 40000 kg when empty is 6 m wide, 15
m long and 6 m high. It is used to transport along a river (fresh water),
13. A cylinder having a diameter of 200 mm and weighing 100 N floats in 3000 bags of cement, each weighing 40 kg. Floating upright,
salt water (s=1.03) with its axis vertical. It is anchored at the bottom of determine the draft of the barge in the river when loaded. (CE MAY
3
the sea with a concrete block 0.05 m in volume and weighing 2400 2016)
3
kg/m . If 0.1 m of the cylinder is initially submerged in water, A. 1.67 m B. 1.78 m
determine the rise of tide, h, which will be required to lift the anchor C. 1.46 m D. 2.04 m
from the bottom of the sea.
A. 2.33 m B. 2.83 m SOLUTION:
C. 3.41 m D. 3.92 m Wbarge  Wcement  BFbarge
SOLUTION: 40000   3000  40   1000  6 15 D 
D  1.7778 m
 FV  0
Wtank  Wblock  BFtank  BFconcrete  0 ANSWER: B. 1.78 m
100  2400  9.81 0.05 
19. A floating body is said to be in stable condition when the metacenter
 
 1.03  9810    0.2   0.1  h   1.03  9810  0.05   0 is:
2
4  A. below the center of gravity B. below the center of buoyancy
h  2.3319 m C. above the center of gravity D. at the center of buoyancy

ANSWER: A. 2.33 m ANSWER: C. above the center of gravity

ACERS Engineering Review Center, Baguio City MDSD ☺

HYD RAULICS & G EOTECHNICAL ENG INEER ING FOCUS REVIEW – PART II – 2019

20. An unbalanced vertical force of 270 N accelerates upward a volume 25. Which of the following most nearly gives the discharge in the pipe
3
of 0.044 m of water in a cylindrical tank. The water is 0.9 m deep. connected to reservoir C?
Which of the following most nearly gives the pressure at the bottom of A. 845 L/s B. 580 L/s
the tank? C. 360 L/s D. 130 L/s
A. 12457.67 Pa B. 14351.73 Pa 26. Which of the following most nearly gives the elevation of water
C. 15583.33 Pa D. 16254.84 Pa surface of reservoir B?
A. 192.7 m B. 291.3 m
SOLUTION: C. 78.4 m D. 185.7 m
Acceleration:
F  ma     Vol  a SOLUTION:

270  1000  0.044  a Flow rates:

QA  QB  QC
a  6.1364 m/s2
QA  0.6  QC  EQ1
Pressure at the bottom of tank:
Head Losses:
 a
Pbottom  Ptop  h  1   Darcy Weisbach:
 g
Q2
 6.1364  h  0.0826fL
Pbottom  0   9810  0.9   1   D5
 9.81 
QA 2
Pbottom  14351.7273 Pa hAD  0.0826  0.0158 1200 
 0.8 5
ANSWER: B. 14351.73 Pa hAD  4.7793QA 2
21. A closed cylinder 3 m in diameter and 2.5 m high is completely filled
hDB  0.0826  0.0168  450 
 0.6 2
with water. Assuming the metal of the cylinder is 5 mm thick with a
maximum tensile strength of 150 MPa. Compute the angular velocity  0.6 5
if it is rotated about its vertical axis to the point of bursting. hDB  2.891 m
A. 20.56 rad/sec B. 54.23 rad/sec
QA 2
C. 16.56 rad/sec D. 13.45 rad/sec hDC  0.0826  0.0168 1000 
 0.4 5
SOLUTION:
hDC  135.5156QC2
Tangential/tensile/hoop stress:
PD elevA  hAD  hDC  elevC
T 
2t 200  4.7793QA 2  135.5156QC2  178  EQ2
P 3
150000  Solve EQ1 and EQ2:
2  5 1000 
QA  0.9603 m3 /s  960.30 L/s
P  500 kPa
P  500   9.81h  2.5  QC  0.3603 m3 /s  360.30 L/s

h  48.4684 m ANSWER: A. 960 L/s

ANSWER: C. 360 L/s
Angular velocity:
Elevation of water surface of reservoir B:
2R2 st
h 1 :
2g elevA  hAD  hDB  elevB
2 1.5 
2
200  4.7793  0.9603   2.891  elevB
2
48.4684 
2  9.81
elevB  192.7016 m
  20.5583 rad/sec nd
2 :
ANSWER: A. 20.56 rad/sec elevC  hDC  hDB  elevB
178  135.5156  0.3603   2.891  elevB
22. It is defined as the height of a column of homogeneous fluid of
specific weight “W” that will produce a pressure of “P”. elevB  192.7016 m
A. elevation head B. velocity head ANSWER: A. 192.7 m
C. pressure head D. I don’t know
27. A pressure surge or wave caused when a fluid in motion is forced to
ANSWER: C. pressure head stop or change direction instantaneously is referred to in hydraulics
as: (CE MAY 2016)
23. Theoretical velocity generated by a 3-m hydraulic head is equal to:
A. Hydraulic jump B. Celerity
A. 5.42 m/s B. 7.67 m/s
C. Capillary rise D. Water hammer
C. 4.25 m/s D. 6.77 m/s
ANSWER: D. Water Hammer
SOLUTION:
28. A fireman has to put out a fire but is blocked by a wall. To reach over
V2 the wall, he directed the jet of water coming from the nozzle of a hose
hv 
2g at an angle of 30 with the horizontal. If he stands 30 m away from the
wall and that the wall is 2 m higher than the nozzle of the hose,
V2
3 determine the velocity of the jet of water. Neglect friction in the jet.
2  9.81 (CE MAY 2016)
V  7.6720 m/s A. 23.05 m/s B. 16.30 m/s
C. 27.72 m/s D. 19.60 m/s
ANSWER: B. 7.67 m/s
SOLUTION 1:
SITUATION III. (CE MAY 2018)
Three reservoirs A, B, and C are connected by a pipe system with a 30
Vx 
common junction at D. The elevations of A and C are 200 m and 178 m t
respectively. Reservoir B is higher than reservoir C with an inflow of 0.6 30
3
m /sec. The properties of pipes are as follows: from A to D, L = 1200 m, Vi cos  30    EQ1
diameter = 800 mm, f = 0.0158; from D to B, L = 450 m, diameter = 600 t
mm, f = 0.0168; from D to C, L = 1000 m, diameter = 400 mm, f = 0.0168. 1 2
24. Which of the following most nearly gives the discharge in the pipe y  Viy t  gt
2
connected to reservoir A?
A. 960 L/s B. 580 L/s  
2  Vi sin  30  t 
1
2
 9.81 t 2  EQ2
C. 360 L/s D. 130 L/s
Solve EQ1 and EQ2:
Vi  19.6008 m/s

ACERS Engineering Review Center, Baguio City MDSD ☺

HYD RAULICS & G EOTECHNICAL ENG INEER ING FOCUS REVIEW – PART II – 2019

SOLUTION 2: 33. A soil has a void ratio of 0.73 and a degree of saturation of 92%. The
specific gravity of soil solids is 2.70. Determine the moisture content
gx 2 of the soil.
y  x tan  
2Vo2 cos2  A. 0.2487 B. 0.2874
C. 0.4278 D. 0.4728
2   30  tan  30  
 9.81 30 2
2Vo2 cos2  30  SOLUTION:
Vo  19.6008 m/s se  Gs

ANSWER: D. 19.60 m/s  0.920.73     2.70 

  0.2487
29. A 50 mm orifice is placed on one side of a 3 m diameter tank. The
tank is 8 m high and is filled with water. How long will it take to drop ANSWER: A. 0.2487
the water surface from 8 m to 4 m above the center of the orifice? Use
C = 0.65. SITUATION IV. (CE NOV 2016)
3
A. 29.43 min B. 34.53 min A soil sample has a dry density of 1793.33 kg/m and a porosity of 1/3.
C. 38.67 min D. 45.28 min 34. Which of the following most nearly gives the specific gravity of soil
solids?
SOLUTION: A. 2.69 B. 2.29
C. 2.49 D. 2.89
t
2A s
CA o 2g
 h1  h2  35. Which of the following most nearly gives the saturated unit weight of
the soil sample?
3 3
 2 A. 18.25 kN/m B. 17.59 kN/m
2  3  C. 21.98 kN/m
3
D. 20.86 kN/m
3

t

 4 
2
 8 4  36. Which of the following most nearly gives the hydraulic gradient at
 0.65   0.050   2  9.81 quicksand condition?
4  A. 1.1267 B. 0.8667
t  2071.6861 seconds C. 2.1933 D. 2.4333
t  34.5281 minutes
ANSWER: B. 34.53 min SOLUTION:
Void ratio:
n 1/3
30. Water, issuing vertically from a nozzle having a diameter of 25 mm, e 
1  n 1  1/3
flows out under a head of 30 m. If C = Cv = 0.98, determine at what
e  0.50
constant height could the jet of water support a load of 200 N
vertically from the nozzle tip? (CE MAY 2017) Specific gravity of soil solids:
A. 13.84 m B. 31.67 m G 
 dry  s w
C. 23.33 m D. 17.12 m 1 e
G 1000 
SOLUTION: 1793.33  s
1  0.50
V1  Cv 2gh Gs  2.6900

V1  0.98 2  9.81 30  ANSWER: A. 2.69

V1  23.7759 m/s Saturated unit weight:
G e
 sat  s w
Q  CA o 2gh 1 e
 2.69  0.50
Q   0.98  0.025 2 2 9.8130   sat   9.81
4 1  0.50
Q  0.01167 m3 /s  sat  20.8626 kN/m3
DF  QV ANSWER: D. 20.86 kN/m
3

200  1000  0.01167  V2 Hydraulic gradient at quicksand condition:

V2  17.1366 m/s    w 20.8626  9.81
icritical  sat 
w 9.81
V22  V12  2gy icritical  1.1267
17.1366 2   23.7759 2  2  9.81 y ANSWER: A. 1.1267
y  13.8445 m
SITUATION V. (CE NOV 2017)
ANSWER: A. 13.84 m The table below shows the laboratory results of the sieve analysis of a soil
sample. Plot the grain size curve of the soil in the Grain Size Curve.
31. The ratio of the volume of voids to the total volume of the soil is
called: (CE MAY 2015, CE MAY 2017) Sieve No. Diameter (mm) Percent Passing, %
A. Void ratio B. Porosity 4 4.760 90
C. Degree of saturation D. Moisture content 8 2.380 64
10 2.000 58
ANSWER: B. Porosity 20 0.840 35
32. A sample of soil has a void ratio of 0.80. Determine the porosity of the 40 0.420 22
soil. (CE NOV 2015, CE NOV 2017) 60 0.250 15
A. 55.56% B. 23.08% 100 0.149 10
C. 76.92% D. 44.44% 200 0.074 4

SOLUTION: 37. Which of the following gives the effective grain size of the soil
sample?
e A. 0.149 mm B. 0.180 mm
n
1 e C. 0.215 mm D. 0.250 mm
0.80 38. Which of the following most nearly gives the uniformity coefficient?
n
1  0.80 A. 11.30 B. 13.40
n  0.4444  44.44% C. 14.50 D. 15.60
39. Classify the soil according to the Unified Soil Classification System.
ANSWER: D. 44.44% A. GW (well-graded gravel) B. GP (poorly-graded gravel)
C. SP (poorly-graded sand) D. SW (well-graded sand)

ACERS Engineering Review Center, Baguio City MDSD ☺

HYD RAULICS & G EOTECHNICAL ENG INEER ING FOCUS REVIEW – PART II – 2019

Uniformity coefficient:
D 2.1194
Cu  60 
D10 0.149
Cu  14.22

Cu  14.50 (based on grain size curve determination of D10, D30, D60 )

ANSWER: C. 14.50
Unified Soil Classification System:
F200  4%  50% (coarse-grained soil)
F4  90%  50% (sand)

Uniformity coefficient:
Cu  14.50  6
Unified Soil Classification System Coefficient of Curvature:

Cc 
D30 2   0.6434 2
D10 D60  0.149  2.1194 
Cc  1.31
1  Cc  1.31  3

Classification: SW (well-graded sand)

ANSWER: D. SW (well-graded sand)

40. The data shown in the table are the results in a consolidation test on a
normally consolidated clay that is 2.8 m thick.

Average Pressure Void Ratio

PO = 140 kPa 0.92
PO + P = 212 kPa 0.86
Assuming that the compression index is 0.333, determine the
maximum consolidation settlement. (CE MAY 2017)
A. 140.25 mm B. 100.34 mm
C. 87.51 mm D. 78.91 mm

SOLUTION:
Average Pressure Void Ratio
PO = 140 kPa e1 = 0.92
PO + P = 212 kPa e2 =0.86

H  P  P 
S Cc log  o 
1 e  Po 

 0.333  log 
2800 212 
S 
1  0.92  140 
S  87.5134 mm
SOLUTION: ANSWER: C. 87.51 mm
Effective grain size of the soil sample:
D10 = diameter at 10% passing SITUATION VI. (CE MAY 2013, CE MAY 2015, CE MAY 2018)
D10 = 0.149 mm A confined aquifer is shown in Figure GE-FWS-201. The aquifer has a
hydraulic conductivity of 40 m/day and a porosity of 0.25. The piezometric
ANSWER: A. 0.149 mm heads in the two observation wells 1000 m apart are 65 m and 60 m from a
Diameter at 30% passing, D30: common datum. The aquifer has an average width of 4 km.

mode 3 4

X Y
1 0.84 35
2 0.42 22
3
AC
Shift 1 5 4: x̂

30 x̂

0.6434
Diameter at 60% passing, D60:
shift 1 2
41. Which of the following most nearly gives the rate of flow through the
X Y aquifer?
3 3
1 2.38 64 A. 10000 m /day B. 15000 m /day
3 3
2 2 58 C. 20000 m /day D. 23000 m /day
42. Which of the following most nearly gives the seepage velocity?
3
A. 0.60 m/day B. 0.80 m/day
AC C. 1.00 m/day D. 1.10 m/day
Shift 1 5 4: x̂ 43. Which of the following most nearly gives the time of travel from the
head of the aquifer to a point 3 km downstream?
60 x̂ A. 5000 days B. 3750 days
C. 3000 days D. 2500 days
2.1194

ACERS Engineering Review Center, Baguio City MDSD ☺

HYD RAULICS & G EOTECHNICAL ENG INEER ING FOCUS REVIEW – PART II – 2019

SOLUTION: SITUATION VIII.

Figure GE-FN-125 shows a masonry dam with its corresponding flow nets.
Rate of flow: 3
Coefficient of permeability of the soil is k = 2x10 ft/min. Consider 1-ft length
h
Q  Aki  Ak of the dam.
L
 65  60 
Q   25  4000  40   
 1000 
Q  20000 m3 /day
3
ANSWER: C. 20000 m /day
Seepage velocity:
65  60 
 40   
V ki
Vs     1000 
n n 0.25
Vs  0.80 m/day

ANSWER: B. 0.80 m/day

Time of travel from the head of the aquifer to a point 3 km
downstream:
Dis tance 48. Which of the following most nearly gives the driving head at
Vs 
time equipotential line 5?
3000 A. 6.25 ft B. 7.50 ft
0.80 
t C. 9.75 ft D. 11.50 ft
t  3750 days 49. Which of the following most nearly gives the pressure head at
equipotential line 1?
ANSWER: B. 3750 days A. 36.50 ft B. 35.25 ft
C. 33.75 ft D. 37.50 ft
44. Deep groundwater deposits where underground water are available
for water supply and irrigation is known as: 50. Which of the following most nearly gives the seepage flow?
3 3
A. water table B. aquifer A. 10,000 ft /min B. 12,000 ft /min
3 3
C. saturated zone D. capillary zone C. 15,000 ft /min D. 18,000 ft /min

ANSWER: B. aquifer SOLUTION:

SITUATION VII. (CE MAY 2010, CE NOV 2017) h  30  8  12  5  21 ft

A 300 mm diameter test well penetrates 27 m below the static water table. Nf  4
Water is pumped at a rate of 69 liters per second for 24 hours. The water Nd  14
levels at two observation wells 35 m and 98 m from the test well were
lowered by 1.10 m and 0.56 m, respectively. Driving head at equipotential line 5:
45. Which of the following most nearly gives the rate of flow in MLD?
 h   21 
A. 6.31 B. 5.96 driving head  nd    5 
C. 5.02 D. 4.87  Nd   14 
46. Which of the following most nearly gives the coefficient of permeability driving head  7.50 ft
of the aquifer?
A. 69.13 m/day B. 67.67 m/day ANSWER: B. 7.50 ft
C. 65.84 m/day D. 63.55 m/day Pressure head at equipotential line 1:
47. Which of the following most nearly gives the transmissivity of the  h   21 
aquifer? pressure head  H1  nd     30  8   1 
2 2  Nd   14 
A. 1631.67 m /day B. 1762.52 m /day
C.
2
1809.11 m /day D.
2
1949.67 m /day pressure head  36.50 ft

ANSWER: A. 36.50 ft
SOLUTION:
Seepage flow:
Flow rate:
Q  69
L

1 ML

3600 s 24 hrs

N
Nd
 
 4 
Q  kh f  2  103  21  
 14 
s 1 106 L 1 hr 1 day
Q  5.9616 MLD Q  12000 ft3 /min
3
ANSWER: B. 5.96 ANSWER: B. 12,000 ft /min

51. In a triaxial test of a cohesionless soil, the soil sample is subjected to

L 1 m3 3600 s 24 hrs
Q  69    a liquid pressure of 16 kPa inside the confining chamber. It was
s 1000L 1 hr 1 day observed that failure occurs when the soil reached a maximum axial
Q  5961.60 m3 /day stress of 40 kPa. Determine the angle of internal friction of the soil.
(CE MAY 2016)
Hydraulic head: A. 33.70 B. 45.56
h1  27  1.10  25.90 m C. 25.38 D. 21.85
h2  27  0.56  26.44 m
SOLUTION:
Coefficient of permeability for unconfined aquifer:
Radius:
r 
 Q  ln  1   5961.60  ln   d  2R  1  3  40  16  24
35
k  r2 
  98  R  12 kPa

 h12  h22  
 25.902  26.442  Angle of internal friction:
k  69.1293 m/day R 12
sin   
ANSWER: A. 69.13 m/day 3  R 16  12
  25.3769
Transmissivity of the aquifer:
r  ANSWER: C. 25.38°
 Q  ln  1   5961.60  ln  35 
T  r2    98  SITUATION IX. (CE JAN 2008)
2 h1  h2  2  25.90  26.44  A triaxial test was conducted on a clay sample. The normal and shear
T  1809.1140 m2 /day stresses on the failure plane at failure were determined to be 159 kPa and
76 kPa, respectively. The angle of shear resistance of the soil is 12°.
2
ANSWER: C. 1809.11 m /day 52. Which of the following most nearly gives the cohesion of the clay?
A. 49.42 kPa B. 42.20 kPa
C. 45.17 kPa D. 40.62 kPa

ACERS Engineering Review Center, Baguio City MDSD ☺

HYD RAULICS & G EOTECHNICAL ENG INEER ING FOCUS REVIEW – PART II – 2019

53. Which of the following most nearly gives the chamber confining 56. Which of the following most nearly gives the contribution of the depth
pressure? of embedment to the ultimate bearing capacity of the soil?
A. 90.44 kPa B. 110.60 kPa A. 405 kPa B. 124 kPa
C. 86.38 kPa D. 97.46 kPa C. 670 kPa D. 344 kPa
54. Which of the following most nearly gives the plunger stress? 57. Which of the following most nearly gives the contribution of the footing
A. 148.59 kPa B. 155.40 kPa dimension to the ultimate bearing capacity of the soil?
C. 163.33 kPa D. 141.16 kPa A. 241.06 kPa B. 145.80 kPa
C. 123.77 kPa D. 232.40 kPa
SOLUTION: 58. Which of the following most nearly gives the allowable concentric
gross load that the footing can safely carry using a factor of safety of
  159 kPa 3.0?
  76 kPa A. 174.44 kN B. 142.77 kN
  12 C. 155.63 kN D. 114.32 kN
Cohesion:
SOLUTION:
c
tan  
  Nc Nq N
76  c 0 5.7 1.0 0
tan 12  
159 5 7.3 1.6 1.5
c  42.2035 kPa 10 9.6 2.7 1.2
ANSWER: B. 42.20 kPa 15 12.9 4.4 2.5
20 17.7 7.4 5.0
Deviator/Plunger Stress:
25 25.1 12.7 9.7

cos   30° 37.2 22.5 19.1
R
76 35 57.8 41.4 42.4
cos 12   40 95.7 81.3 100.4
R
R  77.6979 45 172.3 173.3 297.5
d  2R  2  77.6979  50 347.5 415.1 1153.0

d  155.3958 kPa Contribution of the depth of embedment to the ultimate bearing

capacity of the soil:
ANSWER: B. 155.40 kPa
qNq  Df Nq
Chamber confining pressure:
qNq  18.0 1.0  22.5 
c
tan   qNq  405 kPa
x
42.2035
tan 12   ANSWER: A. 405 kPa
x
x  198.5519 Contribution of the footing dimension to the ultimate bearing
R capacity of the soil:
sin   0.4BN  0.4 18.0  0.90 19.1
x  3  R
77.6979 0.4BN  123.768 kPa
sin 12  
198.5519  3  77.6979 ANSWER: C. 123.77 kPa
3  97.4564 kPa
Ultimate bearing capacity:
ANSWER: D. 97.46kPa qu  1.3cNc  Df Nq  0.4 BN
3
55. A wall 6 m high retains sand having a dry density of 1570 kg/m . The qu  0  405  123.768
sand has an angle of internal friction of 28º and a void ratio of 0.68. qu  528.768 kPa
Determine the Rankine’s coefficient of active pressure. (CE NOV
2016) Allowable bearing capacity:
A. 0.3610 B. 0.2379 q 528.768
C. 2.7698 D. 2.2826 qa  u 
FS 3
qa  176.256 kPa
SOLUTION:

1  sin  1  sin  28 

Allowable concentric gross load that the footing can safely carry:
ka   Pa
1  sin  1  sin  28  qa 
A footing
k a  0.3610
Pa
176.256 
ANSWER: A. 0.3610  0.9 2
SITUATION X. (CE MAY 2017) Pa  142.7674 kN
A 0.9 m x 0.9 m square footing has a base depth of 1.0 m from the ground
ANSWER: B. 142.77 kN
surface. The cohesionless soil supporting the foundation has an angle of
3
friction of 30 and a unit weight of 18.0 kN/m .
59. A 0.30 m square prestressed concrete pile that is 10 m long is to be
The ultimate bearing stress can be obtained using the equation:
driven in a clayey soil whose unconfined compressive strength is 115
qu  1.3cNc  Df Nq  0.4BN
3 3
kN/m . Unit weight of clayey soil is 18 kN/m . Determine the skin
friction capacity of the pile if  = 0.76. (CE MAY 2017)
Terzaghi’s bearing capacity factors can be determined using the
A. 524.40 kN B. 605.21 kN
table:
C. 680.47 kN D. 583.29 kN
 Nc Nq N
0 5.7 1.0 0 SOLUTION:
5 7.3 1.6 1.5 Cohesion:
10 9.6 2.7 1.2 q
15 12.9 4.4 2.5 c  unconfined
2
20 17.7 7.4 5.0 115
25 25.1 12.7 9.7
c  57.5 kPa
2
30 37.2 22.5 19.1
Soil skin friction:
35 57.8 41.4 42.4
Qf    c  Ppile  L   0.76  57.5  4  0.30 10 
40 95.7 81.3 100.4
45 172.3 173.3 297.5 Qf  524.40 kN
50 347.5 415.1 1153.0 ANSWER: D. 702.24 kN

ACERS Engineering Review Center, Baguio City MDSD ☺

HYD RAULICS & G EOTECHNICAL ENG INEER ING FOCUS REVIEW – PART II – 2019

60. A rectangular footing has dimensions of 2.4 m x 1.5 m. The total load Do This If You Want To Pass Your Engineering Licensure Exam
of 1000 kN on the footing has an eccentricity of 0.40 m in the direction (I wish I did this during my first take of the licensure exam)
of the longer dimension. Determine the maximum soil pressure at the
base. (CE MAY 1997) by Ninez Hernandez
A. 166.67 kPa B. 333.33 kPa
C. 555.56 kPa D. 722.22 kPa I was never the confident student in engineering school.
Every class I was in, I never really gave myself the chance to
SOLUTION: stand out among my peers because I underestimated my
ability to absorb the lessons fast and answer the questions
P 6Pe asked correctly. I’ve never given myself the opportunity to
q 
A bd2 learn more about the engineering program I was in. So I just
P 6Pe sat in every class and I was the mediocre student my
qmax   2 classmates looked down on. In short, I was the student who
A bd
never believed in herself and her capabilities to excel in
1000 6 1000  0.4 
qmax   class.
 2.4 1.5  1.5  2.4 2
qmax  555.5556 kPa Fast forward to graduation day, I was relieved that
classes were over yet there was only one obstacle I had to go
ANSWER: C. 555.56 kPa through before I can finally consider myself free from
engineering: the licensure exam. Of course, if you want to
be really called an Engineer and get a really good job in the
industry, you must pass the licensure exam first.

So for five months, I studied. But at the back of my

mind, I told myself, can I really do this? Will I really make
it? I was such an awful student who didn’t engage in
different learning opportunities so I keep asking myself if I
can do it. Self-doubt has clouded my mind and there was
always this insecurities that bothered me. I didn’t really
believe in myself, so when the time came that I took the
licensure exam, I was filled with more panic, self-doubt and
self-loathing during the exam.

I felt discouraged as I answer one question after

another. I even remember preparing a speech to tell my
parents just in case I didn’t pass the exam. The sad thing
about it though is that the mind can really project your
thoughts into your reality. I failed the licensure exam. I
thought that I was going to fail, that I wasn’t going to make
and well, I did fail. So it really broke my heart, which led me
to disappear from everyone for quite some time.

When I finally got out of my hiatus, I decided to have a

change of heart. I knew I had to prepare again for my
second take so I needed to be more confident the second
time around. I needed to have more faith in myself and I
had to endure all the hardships. And I did. Every time I felt
like giving up because I started to lose faith in my abilities, I
reminded myself that I can do it. I needed to believe in
myself before I show to other people that I can be an
awesome licensure exam-passing person.

So when the days arrived that I took the second take, I

kept reminding myself that I can pass this exam. No matter
how hard the second take was for me, I persevered and
always told myself that I will pass. I got rid of all the
negative thoughts gave myself good reasons why I deserve to
pass this exam. So, on my second take, with the confidence
and faith I needed to pass, I did pass the licensure exam.

I’ve learned that in order for you to pass the exam, you
have to believe in yourself. You have to always remember
that you have the same chance of passing like everyone
else.

I urge you to start believing in yourself. Start thinking

positive thoughts as the licensure exam approaches. It can
make a big difference. Whatever your mind thinks, it will
manifest. So good luck and just have confidence in yourself
as you take the exam. With God’s grace, you’ll pass the
licensure exam as well.

ACERS Engineering Review Center, Baguio City MDSD ☺