1.

In packet switching, to send a message from a source end system to a destination end system, the
source breaks long messages into smaller chunks of data known as packets. Between source and
destination, each packet travels through communication links and switches (for which there are two
predominant types, routers and link-layer switches).

2. In a client- server architecture, there is an always-on host, called the server, which services requests
from many other hosts, called clients.

3. In a P2Parchitecture, there is minimal (or no) reliance on dedicated machines in data centers. Instead
the application exploits direct communication between pairs of intermittently connected hosts, called
peers. The peers are not owned by the service provider, but are instead desktops and laptops
controlled by users, with most of the peers residing in homes, universities, and offices.

4. In the Internet, a host interface is identified by its IP Address which today is usually a 32- bit quantity
that we can think of as uniquely identifying the host interface. In addition to knowing the address of the
host interface to which a message is destined, the sending process must also identify the receiving
process running in the host. This information is needed because in general a host could be running
many network applications. A destination port number serves this purpose.

Client-Server Networks
Advantages
All files are stored in a central location
Network peripherals are controlled
centrally
Backups and network security is
controlled centrally
Users can access shared data which is
centrally controlled
Disadvantages
A specialist network operating system is
needed
The server is expensive to purchase
Specialist staff such as a network manager
is needed
If any part of the network fails a lot of
disruption can occur

Which of the following represents the fastest data transmission speed?

 A. Gbps
 B. Kbps
 C. Bps
 D. Bandwidth

A device that connects to a network with our the use of cables is said to be
 A. Open source
 B. Cabled 
 C. Distributed
 D. Wireless

Geometric arrangement of devices on the network is called

 A. Protocols
 B. Topology 
 C. Trailer
 D. LAN
 

Servers are other computer which provide resources to other computer connected by
 A. Super computer
 B. Mainframe 
 C. Network
 D. Client

To send data/message to and from computer the network software puts the
message information in a


 A. Packet
 B. NIC
 C. Trailer
 D. Header

Hub is associated with______ network.



 A. Bus
 B. Star
 C. Ring
 D. Mesh