DISPLACER

Calibration and Maintenance Procedure

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INTRODUCTION
The displacer level transmitter uses the effect of buoyancy (Based on
Arcemedes Principle). When the displacer is immersed in the process
fluid, this buoyancy effect will make the displacer lighter than the non
immersed displacer. This change of displacer weight is then detected
by the sensor using torque tube arrangement and then translated as
a fluid level. The displacer element is designed to be heavier than the
liquid in which it is being used so that, even when fully immersed in
the liquid, it still exerts a downward force on the hanger. The
displacement level transmitters are suitable for both continuous
liquid level and liquid-liquid interface level measurements.

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CALIBRATION
Before we calibrate the displacer level transmitter, we must aware that
the transmitter has been configured as per process fluid Specific
Gravity (SG), while we will use water as the calibration fluid. When the
displacer is operated by using actual process fluid, it will show 4 mA
at low level (the displacer is not immersed) and 20 mA at high level
(the displacer is fully immersed). Thus before we calibrate the
transmitter, we need to calculate the equivalence of this buoyancy
effect if we use water as the test fluid instead of using actual process
fluid.

Equivalent value = ( Process Fluid SG / Water SG ) * Tapping Distance

WARNING – If the process is hazardous, please ensure proper

flushing is done to remove the entire hazard.

For Calibrating the displacer transmitter, A special setup which

facilitates connecting the Reference Tube and draining the
Calibration fluid should be made available

The Displacer chamber should be cleaned properly and choke free

prior to calibration.

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CONTINUOUS LEVEL MEASUREMENT

Calculate the equivalent water level

Zero level = displacer not immersed (no need certain adjustment)

And High Level using this equation:

(Process Fluid SG / Water SG ) * Tapping Distance

Make the markings on the Displacer chamber for Lower and Higher
Levels.

Fill the level transmitter chamber with water up to the centre of the
lower flange. Transmitter should give 4 mA output, if not make zero
adjustment using HART Communicator.

Fill the level transmitter chamber with water up to the calculated

equivalence high level. Transmitter should give 20mA output, if not
make span adjustment using HART Communicator.

ILLUSTRATION
Equivalence water level calculation:

  Distance between two tappings = 38 inch

Calibration Fluid (Water) SG = 1
Process Fluid SG = 0.84
Equivalence high level using water = (0.84/1)*38 = 31.92 inch
It means the displacer should show 20 mA while we fill the chamber
up to 31.92 inch with water fluid as test fluid.

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INTERFACE LEVEL MEASUREMENT
 Calculate the equivalence water level

 Calculate zero level using this equation:

(Lighter Process Fluid Operating SG / Water SG)*Transmitter Level
Range

 Calculate the high level using this equation:

(Heavier Process Fluid Operating SG / Water SG)*Transmitter Level
Range

Fill the level transmitter chamber with water up to the calculated

equivalence zero level

  By using handheld HART communicator set this level as zero level

(see also in the LCD display of the transmitter, it should show zero
level). Read the mA output of the transmitter by using a multimeter.
Adjust (if any) through the HART communicator so that the output of
the transmitter (on multimeter) is 4 mA.

  Fill the level transmitter chamber with water up to the calculated

equivalence high level above.

  By using handheld HART communicator set this level as high level

(see also in the LCD display of the transmitter, it should show high
level). Read the mA output of the transmitter by using a multimeter.
Adjust (if any) through the HART communicator so that the output of
the transmitter (on multimeter) is 20 mA.

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ILLUSTRATION
Distance between two tappings= 38 inch
Water SG = 1
Lighter Process Fluid SG = 0.695
Heavier Process Fluid SG = 0.994
Equivalence zero level using water = (0.695/1)*38 = 26.41 inch
It means the displacer should show 4 mA while we fill the chamber up
to 26.41 inch with water fluid as test fluid.
Equivalence high level using water = (0.994/1)*38 = 37.772 inch
It means the displacer should show 20 mA while we fill the chamber up
to 37.772 inch with water fluid as test fluid.

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