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DIGITAL LAB REPORT
EXP 2
GROUP 21
Abhinav Agarwal 14EE10001
Rishabh Jain 14EE10064
Experiment 2
STUDY OF ACCUMULATOR
AIM
Add two 4bit binary number A, B and display the sum on two 7 segment LED
display.
APPARATUS
● 5V DC power supply
● Breadboard
● Connecting Wires
● 7 segment display
● Adder IC 7483
● Register IC 74173
● Counter IC 7493
● IC7447(4 bit Binary to 7 Segment Converter IC)
Theory
In the adder circuit , two 4bit numbers along with a Carry in bit are given as
inputs and the addition is carried out as given in the truth table and the outputs
are the 4bit Sum bits along with a carry out bit.
Si = Ai ⊕ Bi ⊕ Ci1
Ci = AiBi + AiCi +
CiBi
FIG 1.
FIG 2.
Fig 1 shows truth table of 1 bit full adder with carry and sum bit.
Fig 2 shows circuit diagram of 1 bit full adder
Fig 3 shows 4 bit full adder using cascading of 4x 1 bit full adders.
FIG 3
Modules and IC’s used
1) IC 7483 (ADDER)
Fig 4 IC 7483
Fig 4 shows IC 7483 (4 bit adder IC). A and B are 4 input pins while Σ is 4 bit
output pin. C0 is output carry bit.
2) IC 74173(REGISTER)
Fig 5: IC 74173
Fig 5 shows IC 74173 register IC. This ic takes 4 bit input at input pins and the
same input is transferred to the output only after a positive clock edge is
received. This ic can be used as buffer. 1D 2D 3D 4D are output pins and 1Q 2Q
3Q 4Q are corresponding input pins. Clock is given at CLK. M, N, G2, G1 pins
are all pulled high.
3) IC 7493(4 bit Counter IC)
Fig 6 Counter IC
Fig 6 shows counter IC. For its operation we apply clk input at CKA and connect
QA with CKB. Output pins are Qd Qc Qb Qa (MSB to LSB).Pins R0 (1) and R0
(2) are used to reset the counter. They are normally pulled to GND and in order
to reset the counter we need to pull both these pins to high.
FIG 7
Fig 7 shows circuit diagram for accumulator circuit.
Observation
At every clock cycle, the counter increments by 1 while adder adds accumulated
sum stored in register to current counter value.
Clock Pulse Counter 4 bit Register LED Output
Number
0 0 0 0 0 0 00
1 1 0 0 0 0 01
2 2 0 0 0 1 03
3 3 0 0 1 1 06
4 4 0 1 1 0 10
5 5 1 0 1 0 15
Table 2
Table 2 shows how LED display output and register values changes with
clock pulse.
To reset the counter and register once, the output has reached 15, we can
connect clear pins of register and counter to output of register IC. We clear
when output of register is 1 0 1 0. This can be described in boolean logic
as:
Clear = AC
where 1st A is MSB of register and C is 3rd MSB of register IC. Other pins
can be safely ignored.
DISCUSSION
ABHINAV AGARWAL 14EE10001
● We designed an accumulator which adds first 5 natural numbers.
● Counter IC 7493 is used to generate numbers from 0 to 5.
● Register IC 74173 is used to store the accumulated sum so far.
● Adder IC 7483 was used to add outputs of adder and counter.
● After 15, if clock is still give, LED shows arbitrary numbers. To avoid that,
we must clear register and counter.
● To reset the counter and register once, the output has reached 15, we can
connect clear pins of register and counter to output of register IC. We clear
when output of register is 1010.
RISHABH JAIN 14EE10064
● In this experiment we use Resister IC 74173 to store 4bit input and when
clock pulse changes the stored 4bit binary number replaced by input. The
output value does not change until clock pulse change.
● Register was just use for store the output of Adder IC and the output of
register works for Adder as second input for adding.
● E1’ and E2’ pin of register IC was connected to ground to enable the input
pins.
● Adder IC 7483 has two 4bit input pins 1st 4bit input comes from counter
IC7493 and 2nd 4bit input comes from register IC 74173.
● Since the 2 display led had limitation upto 15, we can only add upto 4
natural number.
● Further we needed to clear the register and counter ic to avoid arbitrary
number output once 5 natural numbers were added.