CHAPTER III

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

3. Meaning of Research Methodology p.34

3.1 Population p.34

3.2 Sample of the Study p.35

3.3 Source of Data Collection p.36

3.5 Method of the Study p.36

3.6 Statistical Technique of the Study p.36

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CHAPTER III A

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

3. Meaning of Research Methodology:

Research Methodology is a process of quantitative facts under study. This

includes the assumption and values that serve as ration for research and standard of
criteria which a researcher used for interpreting data and reaching for conclusions.
The Methodology of a researcher determined such factors as how he or she writes
hypothesis and what level of evidence is necessary to make the decision whether or
not reject the hypothesis.16

3.1 Population:

In the word of Hill and Kerber (1967), the term population is ―…. The totally of
objects under consideration.‖ Or in other words, by ‗Population‘ we mean the
aggregate or totally of objects or individuals which research is to be made in sampling
study. Population also mean, all the people inhabiting a specified area or the total
number of inhabitants constituting a particular race, class or group in specified area.
In ecology, it is all the organisms that constitutes a specific group or occur in specific
habitats whereas in statistics, it means the set of individuals, items or data from which
a statistical sample is taken. Also called ‗universe‘.

As defined by Best (1978) ―Population is any group of individuals that have

one/more characteristics in common, that are of interest to the researcher. The
population may include all the individuals of a particular type or a more restricted
group.‖

According to Van Dalen (1973), ―Population may refers to all cases of any
specified group of human beings or of non-human entities such as objects,
geographical areas, time limits, methods, test or schools. Conclusion may be drawn
concerning the population until the nature of the units that comprise is clearly
defined.‖17

16 rd
Loukesh koul.Methodology of Educational Research, 3 edition, C.Vikas Published Delhi .(1997)
17
Best W. John and James. “Research in Education”, New Delhi, Prentice Hall.(2005)
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The Population of the present study is comprised of class IX students of Adhoc and
MEGH
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Private Schools of Mawkyrwat Sub – Division.
A
Table 3.1(a). The Population of Class IX students is given in the following table:

SL.NO MANAGEMENT BOYS GIRLS GRAND TOTAL

1. Government Schools 26 30 56

2. Deficit Schools 96 107 203

3. Adhoc Schools 513 554 1067

4. Private Schools 97 114 211

5. Total Population 732 805 1537

The table above indicates the total population of class XI according to the enrollment of
2011.18

3.2 Sample of the Study

Sample is the part or small portion of the population or a fragment of the whole object
which has been taken under study or it is a portion, piece or segment that is representative of
a whole. The main purpose of taking only a sample from the population for the study is to
make the research work get done easily and from this sample the investigator can generalized
for the whole.

Hill (1967) defines sample as, ―A subset of a population where a set inturn is
described as a carefully defined collection of things.‖

The Sample of the present study will be comprises of 200 students and the
investigator has decided to used a random technique for selecting his sample which is
popularly known as ‗Random Sampling‘.

Table 3.2(a) : Sample of Class IX students of Secondary Schools in Mawkyrwat Sub –

Division: -

Sl. No Management Boys Girls Grand total

1 Adhoc Schools 56 84 140

2 Private Schools 31 29 60
Total Population 87 113 200

18
Source: Office of the Deputy Inspector of School, Nongstoin west Khasi Hills District,Meghalaya.(data of
2011)
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3.3 Source of Data Collection

There are two types of sources of data collection, the primary and the secondary
source. For the present investigation, the investigator used both the primary and the
secondary sources. Primary sources consist of responses of students and of the teachers
whereas secondary sources consist of the published books and articles.

3.4 Tools Used in the Study

Tools are the instrument used by the investigator to gather facts needed for the study from the
sample selected.

In the present study, the investigator has used two types of tools which appeared to be
necessary for using them, they are as follows: -

i. A questionnaire for teachers.

ii. Teacher made test for students.

3.5 Method of the Study

A descriptive research methodology is employed in the present study since it suited

the investigator‘s desire for the result of his research work as a descriptive research is design
to obtain pertinent and precise information concerning the current status of the phenomena
and whatever possible, to draw a valid general conclusion from the fact discovered.

3.6 Statistical Technique of the Study: The investigator will be using percentage
technique for analyzing the data collected and on the basic of analyzed percentage; each item
of the data collected will be interpreted.