Euliz S.

Garcia August 23,2019

BMLS-2 (PSTMLS)

"WRITTEN REPORT"
GROUP 1: LEARNING THEORY
(MY TOPIC: BEHAVIORIST THEORIES)

What is Behaviorism?
- Behaviorism is a learning theory that only focuses on objectively observable
behaviors and discounts any independent activities of the mind.

THREE MAJOR TYPES OF BEHAVIORAL LEARNING

1. OPERANT CONDITIONING
- A response is increased or decreased due to reinforcement punishment.

Under this Operant Conditioning:

● POSITIVE REINFORCEMENT
- offering a rewarding factor to increase a response.
● NEGATIVE REINFORCEMENT
- relinquishing a negative factor to increase a response.
● PUNISHMENT
- decreases the chances of a negative behavior happening again.

2. CLASSICAL CONDITIONING
- a neutral stimulus is associated with a natural response, the techniques of this
conditioning are used today in treatment of phobias and anxiety.

Example:
● Aversion Therapy
● Systematic Desensitisation

Under this Classical Conditioning, is the explanation of Pavlov's Experiment in the Salivation
of Dog. There are four (4) factors in his Classical Conditioning:

● UNCONDITIONED RESPONSE
● UNCONDITIONED STIMULUS
● CONDITIONED STIMULUS
● CONDITIONED RESPONSE

3. OBSERVATIONAL LEARNING
- learning occurs through observation and imitation of others.
Under this Observational Learning:

"FOUR IMPORTANT FACTORS"

1) ATTENTION
- paying attention to the model
- condition for learning

2) RETENTION
- remembering what the model did
- condition for imitating

3) REPRODUCTION
- people must have the capacity for imitating the behavior
- must have skills to imitate

4) MOTIVATION
- people must be motivated to imitate behavior
- importance of model or reward

THE PROPONENTS OF THE BEHAVIORIST LEARNING THEORY

● John B. Watson
- known as the "Father of Behaviorism"
● Albert Bandura
- his social learning theory points out the importance of observational learning.
● Burrhus Frederic Skinner
- the one who coined operant conditioning
● Ivan Pavlov
- discovered classical conditioning

REFERENCES:

Bandura, A., & Walters, R. H. (1963). Social learning and personality development. New
York: Holt, Rinehart, & Winston.

Chomsky, N. (1959). A review of BF Skinner's Verbal Behavior. Language, 35(1), 26-58.

D.C. Phillips & Jonas F. Soltis, Perspectives on Learning, Chapter 3. Teachers College Press.

McLeod, S. A. (2016, Feb 05). Bandura - social learning theory. Retrieved from
https://www.simplypsychology.org/bandura.html

Hull, C. L. (1943). Principles of behavior: An introduction to behavior theory. New York:

Appleton-Century-Crofts.