S c ie n c e , T e c h n o l o g y a n d s o c ie t y

HUMAN FLOURISHING
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Presented by: group 3

De Jesus, Alyssa
Mendoza, Dea
Ortiz, Micole
Pingol, Aira
Velasco, Joana
science and technology must be taken as part of
human life that merits reflective and meditative
thinking
 TECHNOLOGY AS
TECHNOLOGY AS A
A
MODE OF
MODE OF REVEALING
REVEALING
Martin Heidegger’s The Question of Technology urges us to question
technology and to see beyond people’s common understanding of it.

According to ancient doctrine, the

essence of a thing is considered to
be what the thing is.

instrumental and
anthropological definition of
technology:

Technology is a
means to an end.
Technology is a
human activity.
Technology is a way
of bringing forth, a
making something.
By considering technology as a mode of
revealing, then truth is brought forth.
 Heidegger also put forward the ancient Creek concepts of
aletheia , poiesis, and techne.

unhiddenness or disclosure

bringing forth

(the root word for technology) means

skill, art, or craft. It is a means of
bringing forth something.
The most important argument in
Being and Time that is relevant
for Heidegger’s later thinking
about technology is that
theoretical activities such as the
natural sciences depend on
views of time and space that
narrow the understanding
implicit in how we deal with the
ordinary world of action and
concern.
 TECHNOLOGY AS
POIESIS: APPLICABLE
TO MODERN
TECHNOLOGY
  The way how technology is viewed or used.
 There are 2 kinds:

right attitude and wrong attitude

Bringing forth
An object or a thing which
has a stand-alone essence,
and technology is used to
reveal that essence in
respect to its nature.
Challenging forth
Subjects do not have
essence they are merely
viewed as material.
 Modern Tecnology
 Heidegger described modern technology as the age of switches,
standing reserve, and stockpiling for its own sake.

 Characterized by Heidegger as a challenging forth since it is very

aggressive in its activity

 It may also be a mode of revealing but not as harmonious as

bringing forth.

 Revealing is never ending because it will always happen on our

own terms.
 We call it the
standing-reserve
Standing-reserve = Instrumentality

Instrumentality – the absurd feeling that can be experienced from

apprehension of the constant need to put forth energy to pursue goals and
actions in waking life.

Technology transforms humanity itself into

standing-reserve.
Questioning as the
Piety of thought
piety Thought
Questioning is the piety of
thought
- Heidegger
Normally, piety is associated with
being religious. For Heidegger,
however, piety means obedience
and submission.
 Questioning leads one to
search for his/her place in the
universe and in the grand scale
of things. It is through this
process that one builds a way
towards knowing the truth of
who he/she is as a being in this
world.
 ENFRAMING: WAY OF
REVEALING IN
MODERN TECHNOLOGY
Gestell
 a German word used by twentieth-
century German philosopher Martin
Heidegger to describe what lies behind
or beneath modern technology.

 It was derived from the root word

stellen, which means "to put" or "to
place" and combined with the German
prefix Ge-, which denotes a form of
"gathering" or "collection".
Heidegger applied the concept of Gestell to
his exposition of the essence of technology.

I, therefore, conclude that

technology is enframing.

"Gestell, literally 'framing', is an

all-encompassing view of
technology, not as a means to an
end, but rather a mode of human
existence"

the world has been framed a s the

"standing-reserve.”
Heidegger distinguished
calculative and meditative
thinking.

Calculative Meditative
Thinking Thinking
one orders and puts a system one let's nature reveal
to nature so it can be itself to him/her without
understood better and forcing it.
controlled.
"the essence of technology
is by no means anything
technological"
technology's driving force is not located in machines
themselves, nor even in the various human activities that
are associated with modern modes of production
Human Person
By
Swallowed by
Technology
THE EFFECTS OF TECHNOLOGICAL
ADVANCEMENT ARE BOTH POSITIVE AND
NEGATIVE.
POSITIVE:
 It has simplified the way we
do things
 it saves time
 it increases on production
 it simplifies
communication
 it has improved health care
 it has also improved our
educational environment.
NEGATIVE
 Technology users are so
dependent on new advance
tech tools
 It has increased on health risks
because technology users
exercise less
 It has affected the environment
because of the increase
pollution which has affected the
Ozone layers which has resulted
into global warming
“ESSENCE OF TECHNOLOGY IS NO
MEANS ANYTHING TECHNOLOGICAL”
 The essence of technology is not found in the
instrumentality and function of machines constructed, but
in the significance such technology unfolds.

 Essence is the way in which things are, as that which

endures.

 This “instrumental” view of technology is correct, but it “does

not show us technology’s essence.” It is correct because it
sees something pertinent about technology, but it is
essentially misleading and not true because it does not see
how technology is a way that all entities, not merely
machines and technical processes, now present themselves.
 “Thus we shall never experience our relationship to the
essence so long as we merely represent and pursue the
technological, put up with it, or evade it. Everywhere we
remain unfree and chained to technology, whether we
passionately affirm or deny it. But we are delivered over to it
in the worst possible way when we regard it as something
neutral for this conception of it, to which today we
particularly like to pay homage, makes us utterly blind to
the essence of technology”
Art as a Way Out of
Enframing
 Enframing, as the mode of revealing in
modern technology, tends to block
poiesis

 Heidegger proposes art as a way out of

this enframing

 Through meditative thinking, we will

recognize that nature is art par
excellence.
 Technology is normally thought of as that which
solves problems, but Heidegger asserted that it is
something that must be questioned.

 The calculative thinking in which we perceive

nature in a technical and scientific manner is
becoming more important in the modern world.
On the other hand, it is meditative thinking that
provides a way for us to remain rooted in the
essence of who we are.
Aristotle’s conception of
the four causes was
mechanical.

Ca usa ma teria lis

the material
C a usa forma lis
the form
C a usa fina lis
the end
C a usa efficiens
the effect
Though enframing happens, it
cannot completely snuff out the
poetic character of technology.
We ponder technology and
question it. In so doing, we also
become aware of the crisis we
have plunged the Earth into.
HUMAN FLOURISHING
AS REFLECTED IN
PROGRESS AND
DEVELOPMENT
Jason Hickel
 an anthropologist at the London School of
Economics, challenges us to rethink and reflect
on a different paradigm of “de-development.”

 Forget ‘developing’ poor

countries, it’s time to ‘de-
develop rich countries
 Forget ‘developing’ poor
countries, it’s time to ‘de-develop
rich countries
Sustainable development goals (SDGs)
 main objective is to eradicate poverty by
2030
The main strategy for eradicating poverty is
the same: growth.
Orthodox economists insist
that all we need is yet more
growth.
 Forget ‘developing’ poor
countries, it’s time to ‘de-develop
rich countries

”Instead of pushing poor countries to

'catch up' with rich ones, we should
be getting rich countries to 'catch
down‘”

Economist Peter Edward

 Forget ‘developing’ poor
countries, it’s time to ‘de-develop
rich countries

70% of people in middle- and high-income

countries believe overconsumption is putting
our planet and society at risk
 Forget ‘developing’ poor
countries, it’s time to ‘de-develop
rich countries

“How Much is Enough?”

Robert and Edward Skidelsky

 they lay out the possibility of interventions

such as banning advertising, a shorter
working week and a basic income, all of
which would improve our lives while
reducing consumption
The End
Presented by: group 3

De Jesus, Alyssa
Mendoza, Dea
Ortiz, Micole
Pingol, Aira
Velasco, Joana