Republic of the Philippines

CAMARINESUR POLYTHECHNIC COLLEGES

Nabua, Camarines Sur, Philippines

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Drill Presses Machine

Drilling machines, or drill presses,
are primarily used to drill or enlarge a
cylindrical hole in a workpiece or part. The
chief operation performed on the drill
press is drilling, but other possible
operations include: reaming,
countersinking, counterboring, and
tapping. The floor type drill press used in
the
Student Shop is a very common
machine, found in both home and
industrial workshops. This style drill press
is composed of four major groups of
assemblies: the head, table, column, and
base. The head contains the motor and
variable speed mechanism used to drive
the spindle. The spindles housed within
quill, which can be moved up or down by
either manual or automatic feed. The table is mounted on the column, and is used to support
the workpiece. The table may be raised or lowered on the column, depending upon the
machining needs. The column is the backbone of the drill press. The head and base are
clamped to it, and it serves as a guide for the table. The cast-iron base is the supporting
member of the entire structure.
 Republic of the Philippines
CAMARINESUR POLYTHECHNIC COLLEGES
Nabua, Camarines Sur, Philippines

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

CNC Machine

CNC stands for

Computerized Numerical Control
and; The machine it has been used in
is Called CNC Machining. CNC is a
type of motion control system where
the basic objective is to control the
machine using a Computer instead
of cams or template to cut apart. It is
controlled by Computer.

Computer Numerical Control

formally known as CNC is a computerized framework of Lath Machine but the only difference
is that NC is controlled by the Computer, we only have to put the required drawing of the
object in the computer program in order to get the required results. This type of lath machine
is also used in 3D Printing.
 Republic of the Philippines
CAMARINESUR POLYTHECHNIC COLLEGES
Nabua, Camarines Sur, Philippines

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Induction Hardening Machine

Induction hardening is a
process used for the surface
hardening of steel and other
alloy components. The parts to
be heat treated are placed inside
a water-cooled copper coil and
then heated above their
transformation temperature by
applying an alternating current
to the coil. The alternating
current in the coil induces an
alternating magnetic field within
the work piece, which if made
from steel, caused the outer
surface of the part to heat to a temperature above the transformation range.

Parts are held at that temperature until the appropriate depth of hardening has been
achieved, and then quenched in oil, or another media, depending upon the steel type and
hardness desired. The core of the component remains unaffected by the treatment and its
physical properties are those of the bar from which it was machined or preheat treated. The
hardness of the case can be HRC 37 - 58. Carbon and alloy steels with a carbon content in the
range 0.40 - 0.45% are most suitable for this process. In some cases, parts made from alloy
steels such as 4320, 8620 or 9310, like steel and paper mill rolls, are first carburized to a
required case depth and slow cooled, and then induction hardened. This is to realize the
benefit of relatively high core mechanical properties, and surface hardness greater than HRC
60, which provides excellent protection.
 Republic of the Philippines
CAMARINESUR POLYTHECHNIC COLLEGES
Nabua, Camarines Sur, Philippines

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Hobbing Machine

Hobbing refers to the process of using a broaching machine to cut the grooves, known
as gear teeth, into a
component. Gear hobbing
machines are capable of
cutting gears with different
numbers and varying sizes of
teeth. Gear hobbing is used to
make teeth for many different
kinds of gears, including spur,
crown, helical, and worm.
Broaching is precision
machining that can be
performed on an external
surface (round, flat or
contoured) or the internal part
of a shape or form. Virtually any
material, from ferrous and
nonferrous metals to plastic materials and wood, can be cut through broaching. Various
broaching methods are performed in broaching job shops to cut internal splines, gears and
sprockets, as well as keyways, slots and serrations on the surface of a workpiece. During the
process, machines such as automatic lathes, CNC Swiss lathes and rotary transfer machines
are used to push or pull a broaching tool with cutting teeth through or over a workpiece. The
only limit to the
 Republic of the Philippines
CAMARINESUR POLYTHECHNIC COLLEGES
Nabua, Camarines Sur, Philippines

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

VMC Machine

VMC Stands for Vertical Machining

Center, it is a type of Computer Numerical
Control (CNC) Machine, typically enclosed
and most often used for cutting metal. VMC
is very expensive and at the same time are
very precise. Here is one of the Pictures of
Vertical Machine Center.
 Republic of the Philippines
CAMARINESUR POLYTHECHNIC COLLEGES
Nabua, Camarines Sur, Philippines

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Cutting Table Machine

Fibre laser is a thermal process for cutting metal by focusing a lens at high power on
a very small area. Fibre laser cutting uses solid state lasers created through optical fibres
pumped with diodes to create a solid gain medium. The laser is generated by means of seed
laser and is amplified by particularly designed glass fibres.

High power lasers are focused onto the surface of the metal to be cut, and the energy is then
absorbed into the surface of material. This energy is converted into heat, which vaporises or
melts the metal.