Drinking and Unsafe Sex 1

Running Head: Drinking leads to Unsafe Sex

Project # 3

SPSS Research Report I Data Files: Drinking leads to Unsafe Sex

Ameshia Hardy

SOWK 300 – 02

Tuskegee University

Oct. 26, 2010

 Drinking and Unsafe Sex 2

Abstract

Drinking impairs the judgment of everyone who is under its influence. Drinker’s

experiences mild euphoria and loss of inhibition as alcohol impairs region of the brain

controlling behavior and emotions. Alcohol impairs behavior, judgment, memory, concentration

and coordination (shortened attention span, impaired problem solving abilities), as well as

inducing extreme mood swings and emotional outbursts. This causes people to do things that

they wouldn’t normally due if they were sober. This paper will explain how drinking leads to

unsafe sex.
 Drinking and Unsafe Sex 3

Hypot he s is

My bivariate hypothesis is the more a person drinks, the higher their chances are of having

unsafe sex. My independent variable is drinking. The values for drinking are none, once, twice,

3-5 times, 6-9 times, and10 times or more. My dependent variable is unsafe sex. The values for

unsafe sex are not at all, once, and 2 times or more. My control variable is gender. The values for

gender are males and females.

My multivariate hypothesis is that a higher percentage of women will have unsafe sex while

under the influence of alcohol than men. Drinking alcohol can lead to increased risky sexual

behavior. These behaviors include not using protection against disease, or having sex that you

later regret. Much evidence indicates that alcohol independently influences decisions around sex,

and undermines skills for condom negotiation and correct use.

 Drinking and Unsafe Sex 4

Rationale

Binge drinking results in a decreased ability to make clear decisions. People drink with

the expectation of decreasing inhibitions, or some may drink because they are anxious, or

depressed, and they expect alcohol to alleviate their symptoms. Women binge drinkers are more

likely to have anal sex than men binge drinkers. Women binge drinkers are three times as likely

to have anal sex, and twice as likely to have multiple sex partners compared to women who do

not drink alcohol. Compared to non-drinking women, women binge drinkers are also five times

as likely to have gonorrhea. If women and men consume the same dose of alcohol, women will

have a higher concentration of alcohol in their system, and substantially greater alcohol-caused

impairment than men.

Unsafe sex can lead have lifelong affects. Females can get pregnant if a condom is not

used correctly or used at all. This can b a bad situation for both the male and female because they

may not be ready or able to take care of a child. This can lead to the contraction of STD’s such

as HIV/AIDs. This disease is lifelong and ultimately leads to death. If people do not remember

having unprotected sex, they may be unaware that they have a STD. Thus, STD’s are spread

unknowingly and left untreated. STD’s that may be easily treated become worse and my cause

permanent damage.
 Drinking and Unsafe Sex 5

Res ults

Table 1

Attitudes about how Drinking leads to Unsafe sex by Alcohol Intake By Group of R (%)

R’s Alcohol Intake

Attitude none once twice 3-5 6-9 Totals

Not at all 95.8 89.6 84.6 78.1 56.3 89.2

Once 2.7 6.0 9.8 13.7 18.8 6.3

2x or more 1.5 4.4 5.7 8.2 25.0 4.5

Totals 53.3 16.5 11.1 13.2 4.3 100

(N) 590 182 123 146 48 1106

Source: SPSS Binge Data Files

 Drinking and Unsafe Sex 6

Table 2

Attitudes about how Drinking leads to Unsafe sex by Alcohol Intake By Group of R

Controlling for R’s Gender (%)

Gender Group of R

Male Respondents

Attitude none once twice 3-5 6-9 Totals

Not at all 95.4 90.0 86.4 77.8 56.3 87.0

Once 3.1 3.8 9.1 12.3 21.9 7.2

2x or more 1.5 6.3 4.5 9.9 21.9 5.7

Totals 41.7 17.0 14.0 17.2 6.8 100.0

(N) (196) ( 80) ( 66) ( 81) ( 32) ( 470)

Female Respondents

Attitude none once twice 3-5 6-9 Totals

Not at all 95.9 89.1 81.8 78.1 56.3 90.6

Once 2.6 7.9 10.9 15.6 12.5 5.7

2x or more 1.5 3.0 7.3 6.3 31.3 3.7

Totals 41.7 17.0 14.0 17.2 6.8 100.0

(N) (392 ) ( 101) ( 55) ( 64) ( 16) ( 630)

Source: SPSS Binge Data Files

 Drinking and Unsafe Sex 7

Discussion

Overall, binge drinking is directly linked to unsafe sex. Drinking affects people

differently, but for most people, drinking impairs their judgment. Men and women do things

while they are under the influence of alcohol that they wouldn’t do if they were sober. Condoms

may not be used when people are under the influence of alcohol for a number of reasons.

Someone may be too drunk to drive to the store, too lazy to use a condom, or not use the condom

properly. Most people assume that because a man’s sexual drive is increased while under the

influence of alcohol, they will have more cases of unsafe sex. People base these theories on the

belief that a higher percentage of men binge drink than women.

In addition, because of double standards that exist worldwide, women are expected to be

reserved. Therefore, in order for a woman to engage in risky sexual acts, she will more than

likely have to be under the influence of alcohol. Double- standards make society think that it is

okay for men to be promiscuous and have multiple partners. Thus, most women have to drink in

order to be okay with the fact that they are going against what society wants.
 Drinking and Unsafe Sex 8

References

hivthisweek.unaids.org/post/alcohol-and-unsafe-sex. October 22, 2010.

http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/09/080904215613.htm. October 21, 2010.

http://www.shesinrecovery.com/addiction/harmfuleffects.html. October 21, 2010

 Drinking and Unsafe Sex 9

Appendix
Codebook

-- SYSFILE INFO --

File AMESHIA:.dat
Created: 19 OCT 10 08:40:14 - 48 variables and 1,400 cases

File Type: SPSS Data File

N of Cases: 1400

Total # of Defined Variable Elements: 48

Data Are Not Weighted

Data Are Compressed

File Contains Case Data

21 Oct 10 SPSS 6.1 for the Power Macintosh Page

12

Variable Information:

Name
Position

GENDER gender
2
Format: F8.2

Value Label

1.00 male
2.00 female
 Drinking and Unsafe Sex 10

DRINKS5 binge drink

9
Format: F8.2

Value Label

1.00 0-3
2.00 4-9
3.00 10x or more
6.00 10 or more x

UNSAFESX drink prob: unsafe sex

20
Format: F8.2

Value Label

1.00 not at all

2.00 once
3.00 2x or more
 Drinking and Unsafe Sex 11

Crosstabs (Bivariate)

Ameshia Hardy

21 Oct 10 SPSS 6.1 for the Power Macintosh

Page 5

UNSAFESX drink prob: unsafe sex by DRINKS5 binge drink

DRINKS5 Page 1 of 2
Count |
Col Pct |none once twice 3-5 time 6-9 time
| s s Row
| 1.00| 2.00| 3.00| 4.00| 5.00| Total
UNSAFESX --------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+
1.00 | 565 | 163 | 104 | 114 | 27 | 986
not at all | 95.8 | 89.6 | 84.6 | 78.1 | 56.3 | 89.2
+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+
2.00 | 16 | 11 | 12 | 20 | 9 | 70
once | 2.7 | 6.0 | 9.8 | 13.7 | 18.8 | 6.3
+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+
3.00 | 9 | 8 | 7 | 12 | 12 | 50
2x or more | 1.5 | 4.4 | 5.7 | 8.2 | 25.0 | 4.5
+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+
Column 590 182 123 146 48 1106
(Continued) Total 53.3 16.5 11.1 13.2 4.3 100.0

21 Oct 10 SPSS 6.1 for the Power Macintosh

Page 6
 Drinking and Unsafe Sex 12

UNSAFESX drink prob: unsafe sex by DRINKS5 binge drink

DRINKS5 Page 2 of 2
Count |
Col Pct |10 or mo
|re x Row
| 6.00| Total
UNSAFESX --------+--------+
1.00 | 13 | 986
not at all | 76.5 | 89.2
+--------+
2.00 | 2 | 70
once | 11.8 | 6.3
+--------+
3.00 | 2 | 50
2x or more | 11.8 | 4.5
+--------+
Column 17 1106
Total 1.5 100.0

Chi-Square Value DF
Significance
-------------------- ----------- ---- ----------
--

Pearson 113.86389 10 .00000

Likelihood Ratio 89.85768 10 .00000
Mantel-Haenszel test for 88.21381 1 .00000
linear association

Minimum Expected Frequency - .769

Cells with Expected Frequency < 5 - 4 OF 18 ( 22.2%)

Number of Missing Observations: 294

21 Oct 10 SPSS 6.1 for the Power Macintosh

Page 7
 Drinking and Unsafe Sex 13

Crosstabs (Multivariate)

UNSAFESX drink prob: unsafe sex by DRINKS5 binge drink

Controlling for..
GENDER gender Value = 1.00 male

DRINKS5 Page 1 of 2
Count |
Col Pct |none once twice 3-5 time 6-9 time
| s s Row
| 1.00| 2.00| 3.00| 4.00| 5.00| Total
UNSAFESX --------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+
1.00 | 187 | 72 | 57 | 63 | 18 | 409
not at all | 95.4 | 90.0 | 86.4 | 77.8 | 56.3 | 87.0
+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+
2.00 | 6 | 3 | 6 | 10 | 7 | 34
once | 3.1 | 3.8 | 9.1 | 12.3 | 21.9 | 7.2
+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+
3.00 | 3 | 5 | 3 | 8 | 7 | 27
2x or more | 1.5 | 6.3 | 4.5 | 9.9 | 21.9 | 5.7
+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+
Column 196 80 66 81 32 470
(Continued) Total 41.7 17.0 14.0 17.2 6.8 100.0

21 Oct 10 SPSS 6.1 for the Power Macintosh

Page 8
 Drinking and Unsafe Sex 14

UNSAFESX drink prob: unsafe sex by DRINKS5 binge drink

Controlling for..
GENDER gender Value = 1.00 male

DRINKS5 Page 2 of 2
Count |
Col Pct |10 or mo
|re x Row
| 6.00| Total
UNSAFESX --------+--------+
1.00 | 12 | 409
not at all | 80.0 | 87.0
+--------+
2.00 | 2 | 34
once | 13.3 | 7.2
+--------+
3.00 | 1 | 27
2x or more | 6.7 | 5.7
+--------+
Column 15 470
Total 3.2 100.0

Chi-Square Value DF
Significance
-------------------- ----------- ---- ----------
--

Pearson 48.76767 10 .00000

Likelihood Ratio 42.81400 10 .00001
Mantel-Haenszel test for 33.01013 1 .00000
linear association

Minimum Expected Frequency - .862

Cells with Expected Frequency < 5 - 8 OF 18 ( 44.4%)

21 Oct 10 SPSS 6.1 for the Power Macintosh

Page 9
 Drinking and Unsafe Sex 15

UNSAFESX drink prob: unsafe sex by DRINKS5 binge drink

Controlling for..
GENDER gender Value = 2.00 female

DRINKS5 Page 1 of 2
Count |
Col Pct |none once twice 3-5 time 6-9 time
| s s Row
| 1.00| 2.00| 3.00| 4.00| 5.00| Total
UNSAFESX --------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+
1.00 | 376 | 90 | 45 | 50 | 9 | 571
not at all | 95.9 | 89.1 | 81.8 | 78.1 | 56.3 | 90.6
+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+
2.00 | 10 | 8 | 6 | 10 | 2 | 36
once | 2.6 | 7.9 | 10.9 | 15.6 | 12.5 | 5.7
+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+
3.00 | 6 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 23
2x or more | 1.5 | 3.0 | 7.3 | 6.3 | 31.3 | 3.7
+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+
Column 392 101 55 64 16 630
(Continued) Total 62.2 16.0 8.7 10.2 2.5 100.0

21 Oct 10 SPSS 6.1 for the Power Macintosh Page

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 Drinking and Unsafe Sex 16

UNSAFESX drink prob: unsafe sex by DRINKS5 binge drink

Controlling for..
GENDER gender Value = 2.00 female

DRINKS5 Page 2 of 2
Count |
Col Pct |10 or mo
|re x Row
| 6.00| Total
UNSAFESX --------+--------+
1.00 | 1 | 571
not at all | 50.0 | 90.6
+--------+
2.00 | | 36
once | | 5.7
+--------+
3.00 | 1 | 23
2x or more | 50.0 | 3.7
+--------+
Column 2 630
Total .3 100.0

Chi-Square Value DF
Significance
-------------------- ----------- ---- ----------
--

Pearson 81.25542 10 .00000

Likelihood Ratio 50.66445 10 .00000
Mantel-Haenszel test for 53.80068 1 .00000
linear association

Minimum Expected Frequency - .073

Cells with Expected Frequency < 5 - 10 OF 18 ( 55.6%)

Number of Missing Observations: 300

21 Oct 10 SPSS 6.1 for the Power Macintosh Page

11
 Drinking and Unsafe Sex 17

Syntax

GET
FILE='AMESHIA:binge.dat'
/KEEP=unsafesx gender drinks5.
EXECUTE.

STRING drinks2 (A8) .

RECODE
drinks5
(0 thru 3='1') (4 thru 9='2') (10 thru Highest='3') INTO drinks2 .
VARIABLE LABELS drinks2 'drink collapsed to two values'.
EXECUTE.

STRING unsafsx2 (A8) .

RECODE
unsafesx
(1='1') (2='2') (3='3') INTO unsafsx2 .
EXECUTE.

STRING gender2 (A8) .

RECODE
gender
(1='1') (2='2') INTO gender2 .
EXECUTE.

CROSSTABS
/TABLES=unsafesx BY drinks5
/FORMAT= AVALUE NOINDEX BOX LABELS TABLES
/STATISTIC=CHISQ
/CELLS= COUNT COLUMN .

CROSSTABS
/TABLES=unsafesx BY drinks5 BY gender
/FORMAT= AVALUE NOINDEX BOX LABELS TABLES
/STATISTIC=CHISQ
/CELLS= COUNT COLUMN .