KD 3.

Text 1

Biodiesel is a clean burning substitute for petroleum based diesel fuel. Biodiesel is made of
vegetable oil.

To make or manufacture Biodiesel, you must first start with raw materials. The raw materials needed
in the production of Biodiesel are a small amount of methanol and a ready supply of vegetable
product. One of the most common vegetables used in the production of Biodiesel is corn, although
depending on the geographic location of the manufacturing facility many other plants are used as
well (rapeseed, soybeans, flaxseed, etc.). The first step is to use the raw vegetable product to make
vegetable oil. Vegetable oil by itself will not be what you need to power a car, from here it has to be
processed into Biodiesel.

The process for converting vegetable oil into Biodiesel is sometimes called ester interchange. To
complete this process the vegetable oil has to be combined with a smaller amount of methanol and
then put in the presence of a small quantity of an alkaline catalyst (for example, 5% to 1% sodium
hydroxide). Vegetable oil is made up of so-called triglycerides, which is a compound of the trivalent
alcohol glycerin with three fatty acids. The goal of ester interchange is to separate the glycerin
molecule from the three fatty acids and replace it with three methanol molecules. This process then
yields roughly 90% Biodiesel and 10% of a glycerin byproduct. The glycerin byproduct can be used in
a number of other chemical processes for different industries.

1. What is the text about?

A. The process of making Biodiesel.
B. The use of the Biodiesel.
C. The advantage of using the Biodiesel.
D. The benefit of producing the Biodiesel.
E. The development of the Biodiesel product.
2. What are interchanged in the process of ester interchange
A. The three fatty acids with the glycerin molecules.
B. The glycerin molecule with three methanol molecules.
C. Methanol with the three fatty acids.
D. Vegetable oil with methanol
E. Methanol and alkaline catalyst.
3. According to the text, one of the advantages in using biodiesel is…
A. it is cheap.
B. it only uses vegetable oil.
C. it uses replaceable materials.
D. it can be done in small industry.
E. it gives less pollution than petroleum.
4. “The process for converting vegetable oil…”(Paragraph 3)

The underline word is closest in meaning to…

A. Producing
B. Separating
C. Bartering
D. Processing
E. transforming

TEXT 2

Why is snow white?

Water in pure form is colorless. If there are any impurities present, the color of
water changes. Snow can also absorb the color of other objects. For example, in the case of
glaciers deep inside an ice block, it appears blue in color. But, snow is slightly different
from ice. Snow is the collection of tiny ice crystals, attached to one another. Ice crystals are
also clear and colorless, while accumulated crystals combine to form snowflakes.
Snow is visible to us due to the presence of light. Snow falls from the atmosphere and
reaches ground. The ice crystals will enable light falling on them, to be reflected on the
surface. There are multiple faces for crystals and hence light also gets scattered. Visible
light has various wavelengths of light that are visualized by us. When light falls on any
object, part of the light will be absorbed and the other part will be reflected. The reflected
part of light reaches our eyes and allows us recognize the colors.
The light fallen on ice crystals, do not pass through the crystals for long distances, but
tend to change directions. The light is also reflected at an angle on the interior of the ice.
As snow exits as a collection of several snowflakes on the ground, the light that falls on
them will not have a particular wavelength that is reflected with regularity. So, most of the
light that falls on the snow will almost completely be reflected back. The light that is
reflected by the snow will remain white most of the time, as the total light and not any one
wavelength is reflected back

5. What may happen to the pure water if any impurities are present?
A. The water appears blue in color.
B. The water seems to apper colorful.
C. The color of the pure water changes.
D. The color of the water transforms to blue.
E. The pure water form snowflakes immediately.
6. Why is snow visible to us? It is because of......
A. The atmosphere.
B. The color of the snow.
C. The presence of light.
D. The surface of the earth.
E. The ice crystals form.

7. The following statements are TRUE, Except....

A. Snow can’t absorb the color of other objects.
B. Snow is the collection of tiny ice crystals, attached to one another.
C. There are multiple faces for crystals and hence light also gets scattered.
D. Most of the light that falls on the snow will almost completely be reflected back.
E. The light fallen on ice crystals, do not pass through the crystals for long distances,
but tend to change directions.

Text 3

Recycling is a collection, processing, and reuse of materials that would

otherwise be thrown away. Materials ranging from precious metals to broken glass,
from old newspapers to plastic spoons, can be recycled. The recycling process
reclaims the original material and uses it in new products.
In general, using recycled materials to make new products costs less and
requires less energy than using new materials. Recycling can also reduce pollution,
either by reducing the demand for high-pollution alternatives or by minimizing the
amount of pollution produced during the manufacturing process.
Paper products that can be recycled include cardboard containers, wrapping
paper, and office paper. The most commonly recycled paper product is newsprint. In
newspaper recycling, old newspapers are collected and searched for contaminants
such as plastic bags and aluminum foil. The paper goes to a processing plant where it
is mixed with hot water and turned into pulp in a machine that works much like a big
kitchen blender. The pulp is screened and filtered to remove smaller contaminants.
The pulp then goes to a large vat where the ink separates from the paper fibers and
fl oats to the surface. The ink is skimmed off, dried and reused as ink or burned as
boiler fuel. The cleaned pulp is mixed with new wood fibers to be made into paper
again.
Experts estimate the average office worker generates about 5 kg of wastepaper
per month. Every ton of paper that is recycled saves about 1.4 cu m (about 50 cu ft)
of landfill space. One ton of recycled paper saves 17 pulpwood trees (trees used to
produce paper).
8. The following things can be recycled, EXCEPT….
A. Precious metals
B. Broken glass
C. Old newspapers
 D. Plastic spoons
E. Fresh vegetables and fruits
9. Which of the following is NOT the benefit of recycling?
A. It costs much money for the process of recycling
B. It costs less to make new products
C. It requires less energy
D. It can reduce pollution
E. It reduces the demand for high-pollution alternatives

10. What is the third step of recycling paper products?

A. Collect and search for contaminants such as plastic bags and aluminium foil
B. Mix the paper with hot water in a blender which turns it into pulp
C. Screen and filter the pulp to remove smaller contaminants
D. Put the pulp to a large vat to separate the ink from the paper fibres
E. Mix the pulp with new wood fibres to be made into paper again

11. We can make use of the ink after being separated from the paper fibres by doing the
followings, EXCEPT….
A. Skim it off
B. Dry it
C. Reuse as ink
D. Burn as boiler fuel
E. Mix it with the pulp

Text 4

Acid rain is rain that is highly acidic because of sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, and other air
pollutants dissolved in it. Normal rain is slightly acidic, with a pH of 6. Acid rain may have a pH value
as low as 2.8

Acid rain can severely damage both plant and animal life. Certain lakes, for example, have lost all
fish and plant life because of acid rain.

Acid rain comes from sulfur in coal and oil. When they burn, they make sulfur dioxide (SO2 ). Most
sulfur leaves factory chimneys as the gaseous sulfur dioxide (SO2 ) and most nitrogen are also
emitted as one of the nitrogen oxides (NO or NO2 ), both of which are gasses. The gasses may be dry
deposited–absorbed directly by the land, by lakes or by the surface vegetation. If they are in the
atmosphere at any time, the gasses will oxidize (gain an oxygen atom) and go into solution as
acids. Sulphuric acid (H2 SO4 ) and the nitrogen oxides will become nitric acid (HNO3 ). The acids
usually dissolve in cloud droplets and may travel great distances before being precipitated as acid
rain.

Catalysts such as hydrogen peroxide, ozone, and ammonium help promote the formation of
acids in clouds. More ammonium (NH4 ) can be formed when some of the acids are partially
neutralized by airborne ammonia (NH3 ). Acidification increases with the number of active hydrogen
(H+) ions dissolved in acid. Hydrocarbons emitted by, for example, car exhausts will react in sunlight
with nitrogen oxides to produce ozone. Although it is invaluable in the atmosphere, low-level ozone
causes respiratory problems and also hastens the formation of acid rain. When acid rain falls on the
ground it dissolves and liberates heavy metals and aluminum (Al). When it is washed into lakes,
aluminum irritates the outer surfaces of many fish. As acid rain falls or drains into the lake the pH of
the lake falls. Forests suffer the effect of acid rain through damage to leaves, through the loss of vital
nutrients, and through the increased amounts of toxic metals liberated by acid, which damage roots
and soil microorganisms.

12. What is the text mainly about?

A. The definition of acid rain.
B. The process of acid rain.
C. The effect of acid rain.
D. Acid rain.
E. Rain.
13. The acid of normal rain is … then the acid rain.
A. Higher
B. Lower
C. Denser
D. Severer
E. the same
14. The third paragraph tells about ….
A. acid rain damages environment
B. how acid rain endangers life
C. how acid rain occurs
D. the cause of acid rain
E. the acid rain cause
15. What is the result of the burning of the coal and oil?
A. Ammonium
B. nitric acid
C. sulphuric acid
D. sulfur dioxide
E. airborne ammonia
16. The sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides will …. into the air.
A. be absorbed directly by the vegetation
B. dissolved in the lake water and land
C. emit another sulfur gas
D. radiate an oxygen atom
E. gain an oxygen atom
17. Which of the following is not true about acid rain?
A. It contains lower pH than the normal rain.
B. It has a higher pH than the normal rain
C. It can damage animal and plant life.
D. It contains dangerous gasses.
E. It endangers water life.
 18. …. is dangerous for the scale of fish in the lake.
A. Acid rain
B. Heavy metal
C. Aluminum
D. Vital Nutrient
E. Sulphuric acid
19. If “they” are in the atmosphere at any time, the gasses will oxidize (gain an oxygen atom) and
go into solution as acids.
What does “they” refer to?
A. oil and coal
B. land and air
C. sulfur oxides
D. nitrogen oxides
E. sulfur and nitrogen oxides
20. Acid rain can severely damage both plant and animal life. The bold word has the closest
meaning to ….
A. Harm
B. Hang
C. Endow
D. Produce
E. develop

KD 3.6

Text 5
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Jl. Osamaliki 29 Salatiga
30th August 2019

Dear Moki,
It was a real sorrow that I heard this morning of your great loss. I knew your mother was ill,
for your brother told me several weeks ago. However, as he at that time did not seem to
think the illness was very serious, the news of your mother’s death came to me as a shock.
You have my sincere and heartfelt sympathy, my dear fellow, in your sorrow. I know you will
feel it deeply, for you always thought so much of your mother and loved her so truly. I feel it
also as a personal loss to myself, for your mother was always very kind to me. Her death
must be a terrible grief to your father, too. Please assure him of my sincere sympathy.
Words, I know, are poor comforters. “The heart knows its own sorrow”, and in such sorrows
we are always alone. However, it is not mere words when I say that I feel with you in your
sorrow.

Your sincere friend,

Arni
 21. What is the possible relation between the sender and the recipient?
A. Relatives
B. Employers
C. friends
D. Siblings
E. Employees
22. From the letter we know that ….
A. Moki’s mother was ill before her death
B. Arni sent letter to Frodi several weeks ago
C. Arni was very sorrowful to send the letter to his mother
D. Arni had known Moki’s mother before .
E. Moki is the only child in his family.
23. “You have my sincere and heartfelt sympathy, my dear fellow, in your sorrow.”
What is the closest meaning of word “sincere”?
A. Real
B. Caring
C. Generous
D. honest
E. Curious

text

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Salatiga, 21st September 2019

Dear Nathan

How are you?I hope everything is okay with you. I’m all right here.

We are going to have the national examination, aren’t we? Are you well prepared for it? Well, to be
honest, I just have some difficulties in preparing for it, especially in Science subjects. There are extra
lessons in my school and I take them all. But, I feel that they don’t help. I’m still confused in solving
Mathematics problems. I’m just worried that I’ll fail the national examination. Do you have any
suggestion for me? I really appreciate your help.

I look forward to hearing from you.

Your buddy

Rendra
24. What does the letter tell us about?
A. Asking for a friend to teach Mathematic
B. Preparing for the national examination .
C. Asking for a friend’s suggestion to solve a problem
D. Giving a solution to a friend
E. Having extra lesson at school
25. Why is Rendy worried that he may fail the national examination?
A. There are extra lessons at Rendy’s school
B. He will have the national examination soon
C. He is confused in solving Mathematics problem
D. He appreciated Igon’s help
E. His friends are all well prepared
26. “I’m still confused in solving Mathematic problems. “confused” means ....
A. Unable to think clearly
B. Unable to speak fluently
C. Unable to perform well
D. Unable to read quickly
E. Unable to behave politely
27. “I’m just worried that I ‘ll fail in the national examination.”
The antonym of the word “fail” is ….
A. Escape
B. Reach
C. Predict
D. lose
E. Succeed

Text

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24th Clinton St. Iowa City. IA. 58076
January 15th, 2016

To all Colleagues and Friends,

As those close to me know, I am not good with goodbyes so I do apologize to those who feel offended that I have left having
written only this farewell letter, without personally shaking their hand and exchanging best wishes.
I have so many people to thank for their support and dedication that it is impossible to personally get to see you all with the short
time that was available.
I truly am humbled to have worked with such a group of “get in and get it happening people” and I am so proud of the
achievements that you have accomplished both in the operation and (for quite a lot of you) for your own personal
accomplishments.
To those of you that I had the opportunity to coach and or set goals for, I commend each of you for your achievements and hope
that you continue to succeed through life journeys.
I can be contacted if required on 08159030832. I wish you all a Healthy, Safe and Prosperous Year.

Thanks, regards and best wishes,

Bill Jones

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28. Why does Bill Jones write the letter?
A. To wish good things to his colleagues
B. To inform his leaving of the office
C. To apologize his mistakes
D. To admire his colleagues
E. To tell his new office
29. What has the writer done in the office?
A. Having trained the employees
B. Having collaborated intensively
C. Having conducted a farewell party
D. Having supported innovative efforts
E. Having shaken hands to all his colleagues
30. “I commend each of you for your achievements”
The synonym of the word “commend” is ….
A. Improve
B. realise
C. appreciate
D. respect
E. Praise

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KD 3.5

31. “Many moms were washing the clothes in the edge of the river.” The passive voice of that
sentence is…………

A. the clothes was washed Many moms in the edge of the river
B. Many moms were being washed in the edge of the river
C. Many moms were washed in the edge of the river
D. the clothes were wash Many moms in the edge of the river
E. the clothes were being washed Many moms in the edge of the river
32. “Why are you pale?”. “as usual, I ……..for the dorm-rent by the landlady”

A. am dunning
B. am dunned
C. dun
D. am to be dunned
E. am to dun

Change into passive voice!

33. Did my direction confuse you?

A. Did you confuse by my direction
 B. Was you confused by my direction
C. Were you confused by my direction
D. Is you confused by my direction
E. Are you confused by my direction
34. People use hammers to pound nails.
A. Hammers are used to pound nails
B. Nails are used to pound hammers
C. Hammers is used to pound nails
D. Nails was used to pound hammers
E. Hammers was used to pound nails
35. Do people speak Spanish in Peru?
A. Are Spanish spoken in Peru
B. Are Peru spoken in Spanish
C. Is Spanish spoken In Peru?
D. Was Spanish spoken in Peru
E. Were Peru spoken in Spanish
36. One of the teachers rang the break bell to announce that it is break time, so the test ….next
period.
A. is cancelled
B. was cancelled
C. will canceled
D. will be cancelled
E. has been cancelled

Text
Peter : Hello, I'd like a table for lunch please.
Host : Certainly, right this way.
Peter : Thank you. I'm really hungry! (sits down)
Host : Enjoy your meal!
Waitperson: Hello, My name is Kim. 19 ....
Peter : Yes, I would like to have some lunch.
Waitperson: Great. Would you like a starter?
Peter : Yes, I'd like a salad.
Waitperson: 20....
Peter : I'd like some spaghetti. Is it good?
Waitperson: Yes, it's very good. Would you like something to drink?
Peter :21 ...
Waitperson: Certainly. Is there anything else I can do for you?
Peter : Yes, I can't read this menu. How much is the spaghetti?
Waitperson: It's $5.50, and the salad is $3.25.
Peter : Thank you.
19. ....
A. How are you?
B. How can I help you?
C. What do you want to do?
D. How about some wine?
E. Would you like some cookies?
20. ....
A. Here you are. Thank you very much.
B. What else would you like?
C. What were you doing there?
D. What is your opinion about this place?
E. How much money do you bring?
21. ....
A. Yes, I'd like a glass of root beer, please.
B. Great. Would you like to accompany me?
C. I'd like a table for lunch please.
D. Would you like some cookies?
E. Here you are. Thank you very much.

TEXT

Don't Cry Joni

Conway Twitty, Joni Lee
Jimmy please say you'll wait for me
I'll grow up someday you'll see
Savin' all my kisses just for you
Signed with love forever true
Joni was the girl who lived next door
I've known her I guess 10 years or more
Joni wrote me a note one day
And this is what she had to say
Jimmy please say you'll wait for me
 I'll grow up someday you'll see
Savin' all my kisses just for you
Signed with love forever true
Slowly I read her note once more
Then I went over to the house next door
Her teardrops fell like rain that day
When I told Joni what I had to say
Joni, Joni, please don't cry
You'll forget me by and by
You're just fifteen I'm twenty two
Joni I just can't wait for you
Soon I left our little home town
Got me a job and tried to settle down
But her…

37. Who are Jimmy and Joni?

A. They are friends
B. They are neighbours.
C. They are classmates
D. They are brother sister
E. They are husband and wife.

38. What is the second verse about?

A. Joni expressed her feeling to Jimmy who was 7 years older.
B. Jimmy expressed his feeling to Joni, but she didn’t love him.
C. Joni didn’t like Jimmy because he is 7 years older.
D. immy has known Joni for 10 years or more
E. Joni send a letter to jimmy to wait for her.

39. What is the theme of the song above?

A. Love and disappointment.
B. Love and betrayal
 C. Love and thankful
D. Love and friendship
E. Love and Sacrifice

40. Why didn’t Jimmy know that Joni married Jhon? Because ....
A. He got a job in different place, and they never communicated.
B. Joni can't wait for Jimmy.
C. His parents didn’t allow them to marry.
D. They never met each other though they are in thesama place.
E. They were shy to meet .

Child
By Freddie Aguilar

When you were born into this world

Your mom and dad saw a dream fulfilled
Dream come true
The answer to their prayers
You were to them a special child
Gave 'em joy every time you smiled
Each time you cried
They're at your side to care
Child, you don't know
You'll never know how far they'd go
To give you all their love can give
To see you through and God it's true
They'd die for you, if they must, to see you live
How many seasons came and went
So many years have now been spent
For time ran fast
And now at last you're strong
Now what has gotten over you
You seem to hate your parents too
Do speak out your mind
Why do you find them wrong
Child you don't know
You'll never know how far they'd go
To give you all their love can give
To see…