PLANNING, ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF A

SUBWAY TUNNEL FROM NH 45 TO SRM

EXTENDED EMERGENCY HOSPITAL
By
BARAKA SARATH BABU RA1411001010091
ANANTH NAG S MADDUR RA1411001010226
DASU SAI CHARAN RA1411001010376
B.TECH CIVIL ENGINEERING – CE1050: MAJOR PROJECT –Review-II
Date: 22-02-2018
GROUP NO. 47
UNDER THE GUIDENCE OF
Mr.M. BALASUBRAMANIAN
ASST. PROFESSOR (Sr.G)

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

SRM INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
MARCH 2018
 INTRODUCTION
SRM Institute of science and technology is located at
K attankulathur in GST road at K ancheepuram district in the
outskirts of Chennai. Students from various states and countries
studying in the institute for medicine, management, engineering
etc. The average strength of the students visiting daily to the
campus is about 55,000 in which 18,000 students including staff
members are day scholar’s.
The major source of transportation for the students and
staff is local railway as it is located right opposite to the Institute.
Hence to 20,000 people crossing the National Highway daily
either sides may effect in the traffic jam and accidents.
 As it is the National Highway and for the safety and
convenience of Students, Pedestrians and Vehicles Subway is
necessary.
As the site for construction is National highway where
volume of traffic is high and is extremely impossible to stop or
divert the traffic flow construction should be done such that there
should be almost no disturbance for any volume of traffic hence
we adopt Box Jacking method as it is the best possible solution.
Box Jacking
• It is the process in which pre-cast RCC box or a rigid box is
priorly constructed pushed into the soil with the help of
hydraulic jacks
• It is non-intrusive method beneath the existing structure.
• It is more often used when a subway or a aqueduct or a
underground structure is to be constructed.
• It enables traffic flow without disruption.
 OBJECTIVES
• To prepare a detailed plan of the pedestrian subway tunnel.
• To find out live load, self-load of the slab.
• To analyse the underground tunnel and its components.
• To design the underground tunnel and its components along
with the shear wall.
• To design a subway at SRM institute of science and
technology for the convenience of the students to reach main
campus and for the convenience of the patients to reach
emergency hospital from potheri railway station end.
 NECESSITY
• A subway is an underpass for pedestrians beneath a road or
railway, allowing them to reach the other side safely.

• It decreases the number of accidents as the area is major

accident prone area.

• Safety of students crossing the highway is of great importance

and the need of the college and for the students.

• To maintain uninterrupted flow of traffic during peak hours of

the day on the national highway.
 SCOPE
• The detailed plan of underground pedestrian subway tunnel
resulted in the implemented design procedure was adopted.

• The analysis of each structural component was done.

• The shear wall was designed to resist the lateral loads. Shear
wall is an addition to other components was useful for the
construction of tunnels in earthquake prone areas.

• The thrust bed was designed for the pushing operation of box
element.
 METHODOLGY
• The methodology followed for the completion of this project is shown
below Study Journals and
Literature reviews

Visiting the spot &

Road Survey

Plan, Elevation &

Section

Calculation of loads

Analysis and Design of

Subway

Report preparation
and submission
 MAJOR DESIGN EXPERIENCE
Design of structural elements

• Top slab
• Bottom slab
• Two side shear walls
• Thrust bed
 REALISTIC DESIGN CONSTRAINTS
Realistic Design
constraints
• Environmental
The construction site is located
in seismic zone-II(Low risk)
formerly now lies in seismic zone-
III (Moderate risk).
• Economic
As the project to be constructed
is national highway, Removal of
road and later replacing after
subway construction is not
possible.
Overcoming the realistic
Design constraints
Effect of seismic loads need to be
considered in application of loads.
Therefore seismic loads are considered
during design as per standards and
overcome the design constraints.
The selected design procedure
should be economical that the other
conventional methods to make the
project as economical one. Hence the
only possible solution method for the
situation is to construct is using box
Jacking method.
 Realistic Design Overcoming the realistic Design
constraints constraints

• Safety Constraints Though it is possible to construct foot-

Crossing of road over bridge which is easy but it doesn’t
should be support our aim in bad weather conditions.
more Though the Subway slab experiences
convenient for greater vehicular loads, safety provisions
the students and are to be followed, the tunnel is designed
pedestrians during even for the loads by giving prior importance for
in a bad weather safety considerations.
conditions.
APPLICATION OF EARLIER COURSE WORKS
Subject Code Title Application
CE1030 Computer Aided Building AutoCAD
Drawing
CE1010 Strength of materials Finding Deflection
CE1024 Geo-Technical Engineering Soil Properties
CE1017 Structural Analysis Analysis
CE1022 Structural Design Design
CE1023 Computer Aided Structural STAAD.PRO
Analysis and Testing Laboratory
CE1121 Design of Earthquake resistant Design of Shear wall.
and Special Structures
 REFERENCE TO CODES AND STANDARDS

• IS-456:2000
• IRC-6: 2010
• IS 1893(Part 1): 2002
• SP-16: 2000
 MULTIDISCIPLINARY AND TEAM WORK

Excluding civil engineering work other disciplinary works

involved are:

• Interaction with the local bodies.

• Legal permission from government
• Since work is under machinery during construction such as
Cranes, Backhoe, Excavators. Team includes Mechanical
engineer.
 SOFTWARE USED

SOFTWARE USED APPLICATION

AutoCAD -2014 Plan, elevation & Section,

Drawing of Rough Diagram

STAAD.Pro V8i Analysis and Design

REVIT- 2018 3D Modelling, Plan

elevation section and
Walkthrough.
 LITERATURE STUDY
• Tengfei Deng a, Runkang Zhao a, Yinghe Wanga (2017) In
order to solve the problem of ground traffic congestion, many
cities in China (such as Beijing) have constructed or are being
building up underground subway transportation networks. The
ground settlement or even collapse induced by the excavation
of subway tunnels is a crucial issue that directly relates to the
safety of the citizens and buildings.
 LITERATURE STUDY
Bhalchandra Tankkar, (2015)., It is the process in
which a pre-cast R.C.C box or a rigid box is pushed into the soil
with the help of hydraulic jacks. It is non-intrusive method
beneath the existing surface. It is more often used when a subway
or a aqueduct or a underground structure is to be constructed. It
enables the traffic flow without disruption. In R.C.C BOX
JACKING First the box section is designed and cast at the site or
can be transported to the site according to the requirement . The
foundation boxes are jacked into the ground designed to carry the
dead and the live loads. Then the high capacity jacks are placed at
the back and it pushes the box into the ground . A purpose
designed tunnelling shield is provided in the front end.
 LITERATURE STUDY
Norbert Delatte, (2003) Subway tunnel condition
assessment presents significant challenges for engineers, and is
becoming increasingly important as the systems continue to age.
Technologies are needed that can rapidly and accurately assess
the condition of subway tunnels, and identify distress such as
delamination, moisture-related damage, without interfering with
the normal operation of the system.
 LITERATURE STUDY
Chakrabarti, Amarnath / Roy, B.C. / Mondal, S.S.
, (1999) For faster implementation with minimal capital
investment on equipment to make the project cost effective and to
ensure quaiity and durability, prefabricated reinforced concrete
element has been used for the pedestrian subway and the design
considered following important aspects: Excavation in Stretches
to allow traffic movment along the road Form to suit for
structural stability, drainage, light weight and cost effectiveness
Element Size to suit transportation and handling In-situ concrete
base to ensure water tightness Proper integration between precast
concrete elements and cast in situ elements Matching of
individual precast element and design of joints both for
installation tolerances as well as water tightness Appropriate
drainage arrangement Provision against buoyancy
 SELECTION SITE AND PLANNING
• The selected site is in front of extended emergency m edical
hospital of SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Main
campus and suitable survey has been taken. Using standard
values of National Highways and using IRC-6: 2010 the
AutoCAD diagram of area and Plan, Elevation, Sectional view
of subway using Revit-2018 is drawn and shown in following
slides.
AUTOCAD DIAGRAM

Fig: 1 PLAN
SOUTH ELEVATION

Fig: 2 SOUTH ELEVATION

ELEVATION VIEW : WEST

Fig: 3 ELEVATION VIEW : WEST

SECTION VIEW

Fig: 4 SECTION VIEW

AERIAL VIEW

Fig: 5 AERIAL VIEW

3D RENDERING VIEW

Fig: 6 3D RENDERING VIEW

 ESTIMATION OF LOADS
The unit weight of the road layers as per IRC:6-2014 and
the dimensions of the box are given below:
• Outer to outer length of box = 5.3m
• Inner to inner length of the box = 4.7m
• Slab Thickness = 0.3m
• Wall thickness = 0.3m
• Vertical Height of the box = 3m
• Unit weight of sub Grade (Existing Soil) = 20kN/m3
• Unit weight of Base course (Gravel) = 18kN/m3
• Unit weight of surface coarse(Macadam) = 26kN/m3
• Grade of Concrete = M25
 ANALYSYS
The analysis of RCC slab has been done applying the
knowledge of Strength of materials and Structural Analysis.
TOP SLAB
The Load acting on top slab is given in the fig
•
•
•
 Bottom Slab Analysis
•
•
•
•
•
•
 Loads on shear wall
•
 SHEAR WALL

The load acting on shear wall is given in fig

To find RA and RB,

Moment about B,
 DESIGN OF TOP SLAB

Fig: 7 LAYERS OF ROAD

•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
 BOTTOM SLAB
•
STEP-3
Calculation of effective span:-Effective
span = effective depth + span
= 300 + 5300
= 5600mm
STEP-4
Calculation of loads:-
Live load \, w= 122.5kN/m
STEP-5
Calculation of ultimate design moment and ultimate shear force:-
Table 27, pg-91
•
•
•
•
•
•
τvfor 0.749% is 0.57
From table 20,for M25
τcmax=3.1> τv (safe)
Check for deflection
(L/d)basic value =28
For % 6 of steel 0.708% and fs =240 N/mm²
K1= 1 and Kc=1
As it is a slab,compression reinforcement is 0
K1=1 (as it is a slab. no web to flange width)
Therefore.
(L/d)max=28x1x1x1=28
(L/d)provided=5600/300=18.66<28
Hence. it is safe against deflection
Step11
Design of tension reinforcement at corner according to clause D-
1.8 page (90).
Au= 34X Au along shorter direction
=0.75 x 2249.45
=l687.08 mm²
Tension reinforcement from edge of slab =lx/5=5300/5=1060mm
Taking 10mm dia bars,
spacing of reinforcement =(Πx102x1060/4x1867.08)
= 49.34 mm
=45 mm C/C (approx)
Number of rods required= 1060/45=25 rods
These 25 rods of 10mm dia are provided as mesh in both
directions at top and bottom at all four corners.
Step 12
Design of reinforcement along edge strip (annex -D) page 90
Area of edge strip along reinforcement =0.l2% x300x l000
=360 mm²
Providing 16mm dia bars,
Spacing = ast X1000/Ast
=(πx122)/(4X360)X1000
= 300 mm clc (approx)
 SUMMARY OF WORK TO BE DONE
• Design of side walls.
• Design of thrust bed.
• Safety considerations while constructing.
• Report preparation and Walkthrough designing.
 SCHEDULE OF WORK
S.No. Description Month Progress

Title Selection, January, 2018 100% Completed

1. Literature study

Literature study, February, 2018 100% Completed

Surveying of road,
Plan, Section and
2. Elevation (Revit
2018)

Analysis and Design March, 2018 100% Completed

3.

Analysis, design & April, 2018 20% Compleated

4. Report Preparation
 REFERENCES
1. Chakrabarti Amarnth, B.C. Roy and S.S.Mondal, Design and
detailing for durability: concrete subways and underpasses,
Journal.
2. http:// asc-india.org/seismi/seis-tamil-nadu.htm , retrieved on
29-01-2018 at 05:18 PM.
3. Design criteria of subway tunnels, Vahed Ghiasi, Australian
Journal of basic and applied sciences, 4(12):5894-5907,2010
ISSN 1991-8178.
4. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S24679674
16300411, retrieved 30-01-2018 at 03:40 PM.
5. Arentze, T., Feng, T., Timmermans, H., Robroeks, J. (2012).
“Context-dependent influence of road attributes and pricing
policies on route choice behavior of truck drivers: results of a
conjoint choice experiment.” Transportation, 2012.
6. Bat, C. R. (1997). “Work travel mode choice and number of
non-work commute stops.” Transportation Research B, 1997,
41- 54.
7. Alexander, C. (1977). A pattern language: towns, buildings,
construction, Oxford University Press, New York.
8. Brown, B., Yamada, I., Smith, K. R., Zick, C. D., Kowaleski-
Jones, L., and Fan,J. X. (2009). “Mixed land use and
walkability: Variations in land use measures and relationships
with BMI, overweight, and obesity.” Health & Place ,
15(4), 1130–1141.
9. ttps :// www.slideshare.net/bstankkar/11-box-jacking retrieved
on 13-02-2018 at 09:30 PM.
THANK U