Department of Mathematics

Indian Institute of Technology Patna

MA - 201: B.Tech. II year
Autumn Semester: 2013-14

Assignment-1: Complex Analysis

1. Prove the followings:

(i) |z1 ± z2 | ≤ |z1 | + |z2 | (ii) ||z1 | − |z2 || ≤ |z1 ± z2 |
|z1 + z2 |2 + |z1 − z2 |2 = 2(|z1 |2 + |z2 |2 ) and then write the simplified expression for |z1 − z2 |2
(iii) √
(iv) 2|z| ≥ |Re(z)| + |Im(z)|
Pn Pn
2. Use induction to prove that | i=1 zi | ≤ i=1 |zi |, where z1 , z2 . . . , zn are some complex numbers.

3. Show that Re(z1 z 2 ) ≤ |z1 z 2 |, for any two complex numbers z1 and z2 . Under what conditions these
two quantities will be equal. Show that in that case, |z1 + z2 | = |z1 | + |z2 | and |z1 − z2 | = ||z1 | − |z2 ||.

4. Let p(z) be a polynomial of degree n where p(z) = an z n + an−1 z n−1 + . . . + a1 z + a0 with all coefficients
being real. Show that if z1 is a root of p(z) then so is z 1 .

5. Find the locus of the followings:

(i) Re( z̄1 ) = 2 (ii) Re(z 2 ) ≤ 1 (iii) |z − 4i| + |z + 4i| = 10
(iv) |z − z0 | = k|z − z1 |, k 6= 1
√
6. Find | sin z| at z = π + i ln(2 + 5).

1
7. Show that z + z is real iff Im(z) = 0 or |z| = 1.

8. If |z| = 1, prove that |z 2 − z + 1| ≤ 3 and |z 2 − 2| ≥ 1.

9. Find the upper bounds for the followings:

1 −1 1
(i) | z4 −4z 2 +3 | (ii) | z4 −5z+1 | (ii) | z4 −5z 2 +6 | where |z| = 2.

1 − z n+1
10. Establish the identity 1 + z + z 2 + · · · + z n = , z 6= 1, and hence prove that
1−z
1 sin((n + 12 )θ)
(i) 1 + cos θ + · · · + cos nθ = + ,
2 2 sin θ2
cos θ2 − cos((n + 21 )θ)
(ii) sin θ + · · · + sin nθ = . Here n is any positive integer and 0 < θ < 2π.
2 sin θ2
11. Solve the followings:
(i) x8 − 16 =√0 (ii)√x6 + i + 1 = 0 (iii) z 4 − 4z 3 + 6z 2 − 4z + 5 = 0 given that i is a root.
(iv) z 3/2 = 4 2 + i4 2.

12. Find the four zeros of the polynomial z 4 + 4, and represent it into quadratic factors with real coeffi-
cients.

13. Evaluate the followings:

√ √ √
(i) (− 3 − i)−6 (ii) Find polar form of −1+i 2+i√6
3
and then write in the form of x + iy
5 10
(iii) Compute (2 − 2i) (iv) (0.5 + 0.5i) .

14. Find the sum of the pth powers of the roots of the equation z n = 1 where p is a positive integer.

15. Let the equation z n = 1 have the roots 1, z1 , z2 , . . . , zn−1 then show that
(1 − z1 )(1 − z2 ) . . . (1 − zn−1 ) = n.

n
16. Prove the identity: sin(π/n) sin(2π/n) . . . sin(π(n − 1)/n) = 2n−1 .

17. Prove the identity: z 2n − 1 = (z 2 − 1)Πn−1 2

k=1 (z − 2z cos(kπ/n)
√
+ 1).
n
Hence show that sin(π/2n) sin(2π/2n) . . . sin(π(n − 1)/2n) = 2n−1 .