APPLIED ARTS – ENTIRELY FUNCTIONAL SUCH AS METAL WORKS

FUNCTIONS

1. PERSONAL FUNTION – SELF EXPRESSION – COMMUNICATE A THOUGHT TO VIEWER

2. ECONOMIC FUNCTION – gathers man as a family and function – involves money
3. POLITICAL FUNTION – Use visual arts to promote political status and programs
4. HISTORICAL FUNCTION – COMMEMORATES GREAT PEOPLE IN HISTORY – RECORD HISTORICAL FIGURES AND EVENTS
5. CULTURAL FUNCTION – WAY OF LIVING – SHOW CULTURE THRU ART FORMS.
6. RELIGIOUS FUNCTION – USE ARCHITECTURE, MUSIC, DANCE AND SCULPTURE TO WORSHIP.
7. Physical Function – painting therapy – therapeutically
8. Aesthetic Function – Beautification

Basic THEORIES of Art by different Philosophers

 PLATO’s “THEORY OF IMITATION OR ART AS MIMESIS”

o “IDEAL IS ONLY TRUE AND ARTS ARE JUST IMITATION”
o MASTERPIECE – THE REPUBLIC – IDEAS ARE THE ULTIMATE REALITY
o ART IS DANGEROUS – TOTAL CONFUSION AND CONFLICT TO THE SOCIETY.
o THE IDEA OF A “CHAIR”
 ARTS CAN BE TWICE REMOVED FROM REALITY
 Imitation of an imitation
 “ARTS AND ARTIST SHOULD BANISH TO PREVENT PEOPLE – YOUTH FROM CORRUPTION OF MINDS AND
EVENTUALLY LEADS THEM AWAY FROM CULTIVATION OF INTELECT”
o PLATO AS MORALIST
 PHILOSOPHY DEALS WITH IDEAS AND TRUTH
 POETRY DEALS WITH APPEARS TO ILLUSION
 ARISTOTLE’S THEORY ABOUT ART AS REPRESENTATION
o ART as an agent in PHILOSOPHY IN REVEALLING TRUTH.
o Literature is Philosophical in nature
o Catharsis – is the result from the encounter with literature or poetry and other art forms – can arouse certain
emotion
o ALL GOOD LITERATURE GIVES PLEASURE THAT IS NOT DIVORCED FROM MORAL LESSONS
 Art for Art Sake or L’art Pour L’art by Immanuel Kant
o “ARTS SHOULD STAND INDEPENDENTLY AND SHOULD BE FREE FRMN ALL SCRUTINY OF OTHER ADVANTAGES,
RATHER ART STANDS FOR BEAUTY ALONE”

CLASSIFICATION AND SUBJECT OF ART

CLASSIFICATIONS OF ART

1. VISUAL ARTS – VISUAL IN NATURE

a. Painting – “pingere” – latin, meaning to paint. APPLICATION OF PAINT, PIGMENT, COLOR AND ETC TO PRESENT
A PICTURE OF SUBJECT.
b. Sculpture – “sculpere” – latin, to cut or removing pieces from a stone. ACHIEVE 3-D PIECE.
c. Architecture – DESIGNING AND CONSTRUCTING BUILDINGS FOR MAN’S USE. ARTS
d. PLASTIC ARTS – 3D FORM, ARCHITECTURAL DESIGNS AND CONSTRUCTION OF BUILDINGS.
2. Performing Arts
a. Dance – movement of body
b. Music – art of combing sounds – produce coherent composition
c. Theater – recreated – to from a dramatic art form
d. Film – art of moving images
3. Literary Arts – written material
4. Digital Arts – graphic arts – computer
5. Pop Art – gay and lively
6. Gustatory Art of the cuisine – food art
7. Decorative arts – Aesthetic function

SUBJECT OF ART –

HEART AND SOUL OF AN ARTWORK

SUBJECT OF ART – ANYTHING THAT IS REPRESENTED IN THE ARTWORK

TYPES OF SUBJECT

1. OBJECTIVE ARTS – REAL AND PART OF THIS WORLD.

a. PORTRAITURE – MEN AND WOMEN
b. ANIMALS AND PLANTS OR FLORA AND FAUNA
c. STILL LIFE – INANIMATE OBJECTS
 d. COUNTRY LIFE – COPYING SCENES HAPPENING IN COMMUNITY
e. Landscape – depicts pictures of landforms
f. Seascape- pictures of any water forms
g. Cityscapes – Arial view of a city
h. Events – “spolariums”
i. Religious items – Madona of the Rocks – Leonardo Da Vinci
j. Mythological, Fictional and cartoon characters
2. Non-objective arts – artworks that have no resemblance to any real objects.
a. ABSTRACT – INDICATES A DEPARTRE FROM REALITY IN DEPICTION OF IMAGERY IN ART – SLIGHT,
PARTIAL/COMPLETE
i. DEGREES OF ABSTRACTNESS

METHODS OF PRESENTING THE SUBJECTS

1. REALISM – ART WORK SEEMS NATURAL(ISM)

2. SURREALISM – BEYOND REALISM
3. CUBISM – USING BASIC GEOMETRIC SHAPES
4. EXPRESSIONISM – EMOTIONAL REALISM – ARTISTIC STYLE
5. IMPRESSIONISM – REALISM THAT IS BASED ON THE ARTIST’S IMPRESSION OR PERCEPTION.
6. SYMBOLISM – REPRESENTS ABSOULUTE REALITY OR OBJECTS IN INDIRECT MANNER.
7. POINTILISM – APPYING DOTS TO CREATE AN ARTWORK
8. FUTURISM – MACHINE AND MOTIONS – REALISM IN THE FUTURE
9. MINIMALISM – GEOMETRIC SHAPES – SIMPLICITY IN ART – IMPORTANCE OF SPACE
10. FAUVISM – OPTIMISTIC REALISM
11. DADAISM – SHOCK AND PROVE THE VIEWERS THRU PAINTING
12. PURE ABSTRACTIONISM – PURELY DRAWING AWAY FROM REALITY.

CHAPTER 3: ARTISTS AND ARTISANS

ARTISTS – CREATING AND DESIGNING OBJECTS

- Artists perceives themselves as creative individuals and developed their mastery through professional programs in an
institution or self-study because of their burning passion.
- Artists plunge themselves into the deepest depth just to offer the true mission of art

ARTISANS - CRAFTSMAN – FROM FRENCH WORD “ARTISAN”

- ITALIAN “ARTIAGIANO” SKILLED WORKERS – FUNCTIONAL

- BUSINESS PEOPLE – ENTREPRENEURSHIP WORLD

OTHER PEOPLE INVOLVED IN ART MARKET OR ART WORLD

1. MANAGERS – CONTROL THE ACTIVITIES AND BUSINESS DEALINGS.

2. CURATOR – “CURARE” LATIN – TAKE CARE – OVERSEER OF A CULTURAL HERITAGE INSTITUTION
3. COLLECTORS AND BUYERS – COLLECT AND BUY PIECES OF ARTWORKS
4. ART DEALERS – BUY AND SELL

STAGES IN PRODUCTION PROCESS

1. PREPRODUCTION OR SUBJECT DEVELOPMENT

a. Idea
b. Exposure, research and create a study regarding the idea
2. Production or the Manipulation of Materials
a. Gathering and manipulation materials
b. Materials reliant – artist
3. Postproduction
a. Completion stage
b. Will be out in market

Medium and Technique

1. MEDIUM – DENOTES THE MATERIALS USED TO COMMUNICATE HIS IDEAS – MODE OF EXPRESSION
2. TECHNIQUE – ACTUAL DOING OF SOMETHING – FAMILIARITY AND MANIPULATION

AWARDS AND RECOGNITION FOR ARTISTS AND ARTISANS

- NCCA
- 2 MAJOR AWARDS
o ORDEN NG PAMBANSANG ALAGAD NG SINING (ORDER OF NATIONAL ARTISTS
o GAWAD SA MANLILIKHA NG BAYAN (NATIONAL LIVING TREASURES AWARD
 CHAPTER 4: ELEMENTS AND PRINCIPLES OF ARTS

ELEMENTS OF ART – PRIMARY SOURCE TO HAVE KNOWLEDGE IN UNDERSTANDING AND APRRECIATING ART.

ELEMENTS OF VISUAL ARTS

1. LINE –
- STRONGEST AND MOST IMPORTANT
- LEAD THE VIEWER TO POINT OF INTEREST OF PHOTOGRAPH
- ALTER THE OVERALL MOOD AND FEELING OF AN IMAGE
o OTHER FUNCTIONS OF LINE
 OUTLINE AND FORM
 MOVEMENT AND EMPHASIS
 PATTERN AND TEXTURE
 SHADING AND MODELING
a. KINDS OF LINE
i. VERTICAL LINES – DEPICT POWER AND STRENGTH
ii. HORIZONTAL LINES – REST AND REPOSE
iii. DIAGONAL – LINE OF ACTION AND MOVEMENT
iv. CURVED LINES – LINE OF GRACE AND BEAUTY
v. JAGGED LINES – DIFFICULTY AND DISCOMFORT
2. SHAPE – ENCLOSED AREA OR SURFACE – PRINCIPAL ELEMENT OF IDENTIFICATION
a. GEOMETRIC SHAPE – MATHEMATICAL PERSPECTIVE
b. ORGANIC OR BIOMORPHIC SHAPE – DERIVED FROM ANY LIVING ORGANISM
3. FORM – OVERALL DESIGN OF AN ARTWORK
4. SPACE – SPACE OR AREA WITHIN THE ARTWORK
5. COLOR – MOST EXPRESSIVE ELEMENTS OF ART
a. PROPERTIES OF COLOR
i. HUE – THE NAME OF A COLOR
ii. VALUE – LIGHTNESS OR DARKNESS
iii. INTENSITY – BRIGHTNESS OR DULLNESS
b. CLASSIFICATION OF COLOR
i. PRIMARY COLORS – MIXED TO CREATE DIFFERENT COLORS, BASIC – CANNOT BE MIXED FROM OTHER
ELEMENTS
1. YELLOW, BLUE, RED
ii. SECONDARY COLORS
1. ORANGE, VIOLET, GREEN
iii. INTERMEDIATE COLORS
1. MIXTURE OF SECOND COLORS
iv. TERTIARY COLORS
1. MIXTURE OF COMPLEMENTARY COLORS
v. WARM AND COOL COLORS
1. WARM – CHEERFULNESS, JOY AND EXCITEMENT
2. COOL – IMPRESSION OF CALM
c. COLOR HARMONY – CORRECT ARRANGEMENT OR COMBINATION OF COLORS
d. COLOR SCHEME – CHOICE OF COLORS

SIX FORMULA IN CREATING STYLE AND APPEAL

1. COMPLEMENTARY COLOR SCHEME – TRICKY TO USE BUT STANDS OUT – OPPOSITE IN COLOR WHEEL

2. ANALOGOUS COLOR SCHEME – COLORS THAT ARE NEXT TO EACH OTHER – HARMONIOUS AND PLEASING TO THE EYE

3. TRIADIC COLOR SCHEME – COLORS THAT ARE EVENLY SPACED AROUND THE WHEEL – QUITE VIBRANT

4. SPLIT COMPLEMENTARY SCHEME – VARIATION OF COMPLEMENTARY SCHEME – LESS TENSION -BEGINNERS

5. RECTANGLE OR TETRADIC COLOR SCHEME – FOUR COLORS ARANGED IN TWO COMPLEMENTARY PAIRS

6. SQUARE COLOR SCHEME – FOUR SPACED COLORS SPACE EVENLY

PSYCHOLOGY OF COLORS

1. BLACK – DEATH, DESPAIR, GLOOM, SORROW (FASHION ELEGANCE) MOURNING AND DARKNESS
2. BLUE – INFINITY, FREEDOM, CALMNESS, SERENITY, SADNESS, PEACE, MASCULINITY AND LOYALTY
3. BROWN – HUMILITY, EARTH, SPIRITUAL HEALTH AND RENUNCIATION OF THE WORLD
4. GREEN – NATURE, FRESHNESS, PROSPERITY, HOPE, MONEY, LIFE AND GOOD HEALTH
5. ORANGE – CHEERFULNESS, SWEETNESS, ENERGY, FOOD CRAVING
 6. PINK – FEMMINITY AND LOVE
7. RED – BRAVERY AND COURAGE
8. VIOLET – ROYALTY, DULL, AND POWER
9. WHITE – PURITY, CLARITY, SIMPLICITY, VIRGINITY, PEACE, SURRENDER
10. YELLOW – JOYFUL, LIFE, VIBRANT

6. VALUE
- CHAIROSCURO – LIGHTNESS AND DARKEST (FROM ITALIAN WORD CHIARO “CLEAR” AND OSCORO “DARK”
- MOOD OF AN ARTWORK
7. TEXTURE
- HOW THE SURFACE IN AN ART FEELS LIKE
o KINDS OF TEXTURE
 ACTUAL TEXTURE – REAL TEXTURE OF AN OBJECT
 IMPLIED OR STIMULATED TEXTURE – VISUAL TEXTURE, ILLUSION

PRINCIPLES OF ART

1. EMPHASIS – FOCAL POINT OR CENTER OF INTEREST

2. BALANCE – VISUAL WEIGHT
a. SYMMETRICAL BALANCE – WHEN ONE SIDE OF COMPOSITION MIRRORS THE OTHER
b. ASYMETRICAL BALANCE – OPPOSITE OF SB
c. RADIAL BALANCE – CIRCULAR DISTRIBUTION OF ELEMENTS
3. HARMONY – SHOWS INTERCONNECTEDNESS OF ELEMENTS USED
4. VARIETY – USING DIFFERARENT FORMS
5. MOVEMENT – SHOWING ACTION AND DIRECTING VIEWERS’ EYE THROUGHOUT THE ARTWORK
6. RHYTM – REGULAR REPETITION OF ELEMENTS CAN PRODUCE IMPLIED MOVEMENTS
7. PROPORTION OR SCALE – THE COMPARATIVE RELATIONSHIP OF ONE PART TO ANOTHER WITH
REGARDS TO SIZE
8. UNITY – FEELING THAT EVERYTHING IN THE ART WORKS TOGETHER
9. CONTRAST – PROVIDE INTEREST AND EXCITEMENT IN AN ARTWORK

ARTISTIC CRITICSM

1. DESCRIBE
2. ANALYZE
3. INTERPRETATION
4. JUDGEMENT