Experiment 7: Group5

pH, Buffer and Solubility Product Constant IS209

Agbuya, Aeron Daniel,Barbero, Nick Earl B. Diquiatco Jr,Frederick S. Juan, Jarell De

Pantas, Phillipe Alain.

Prof. Maria Thea Rane Clarin

I NTRODUCTION

An aqueous solution such as pH buffer consists a mixture of a weak acid and its
conjugate base, or vice versa. This is a measure of the acidity and basicity of solution,
using the indicator such as pH paper and pH meter, measuring the acidity and base in
the solution. One of the examples of the application pH buffer is when to regulate or
measure the pH blood. in order for the bodies to function properly, the pH of the blood
need to be between 7.35 to 7.45, if the pH is less than 7.35 the blood is becoming too
acidic, and if the blood is greater than 7.45, the blood is too alkaline or basic. In this
experiment the group will try to measure the acid and base of different solutions that are
given to us before the experiment. This experiment has two parts. The purpose of the
first part of the experiment is to measure the pH solution using the pH paper, and pH
meter and the second part of the experiment is to calculate the solubility product
constant of calcium hydroxide, Ca(OH)2. All ionic compound compounds dissolve in
water but there is also a compound that has a low solubility in water as they classify as
insoluble. Solubility is the Product constant in the equilibrium constant for a solid
substance dissolving water it also represents the level in which a solute dissolve in
solution. One of the examples of the concept in an application when salt dissolves and
uses the equilibrium constant for the process to measure relative solubilities
 METHODOLOGY

In this experiment, the group followed safety precautions before to starting the
experiment by wearing a mask, gloves and other safety equipment to ensure the safety
of each member of the group because the chemical that will be used in this experiment
such as hydrochloric acid, HCI, acetic acid, HC2H3O2, and ammonium hydroxide can
injure and irritate the skin.The group was assigned to conduct an experiment in
bromothymol blue. The first step in this experiment is to add 10 drops of prepared
solution in each of 13 micro test tube, add one drop of bromothymol blue and shake
until the color was change. After the mixture, the group will observe the reaction that
happened in the chemical .Next is determining the pH of the solution. The group can
determine the pH of common material using one drop of bromothymol blue, in each
separate micro test tube and 10 drops of vinegar, Calamansi and soap solution, the
color of the solution was also recorded. In this case the group can determine the pH of
the solution by comparing the color to the result from the previous procedure in the
experiment. The solution can classify as acidic, basic or neutral. The last procedure is
the effect of the buffer, in this procedure the group will place 4 test tube rack and label
them A, B, C and D. to examine the A and B the group with distilled water, and for in C
was added 5ml of 1,0M sodium bicarbonate, NaHCO3 and 5 ml of sodium carbonate,
Na2CO. Stir well and pour half of the mixture into test tube D, and after the chemicals
are separated with the labels A, B C and D, the group can proceed to measure the pH
level in each labeled test tube by using a pH meter, measure the pH of the test tubes.
Repeat the same steps with different solutions , HCl and sodium hydroxide, added and
measure the different pH levels of each solution in the test tube.
 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

The objectives of this experiment is to be able to use indicators such as pH paper and
pH meter in measuring the pH solutions and be able to calculate the solubility product
constant of calcium hydroxide, Ca(OH)2 .The instrument that was used for the
experiment was the graduated pipette in measuring the volume and placed the solutions
in a 50-mL beakers to gather the necessary data needed.

pH of Color reactions
solution
Methyl orange Methyl red Bromothymol blue Phenolphthalein

(MO) (MR) (BB) (P)

1 Red orange Fuschia Pale yellow Light gray

2 Light red Fuschia Yellow Clear

3 Red orange Magenta Light green Brownish gray

4 Orange Magenta Gold Yellowish gray

5 Orange Fuschia Gold Light gray

6 Orange Fuschia Gold Light gray

7 Orange Magenta Yellow Gray

8 Yellow orange Butter yellow Light green Light gray

9 Yellow orange Pineapple yellow Emerald Brownish gray

10 Orange Lemon yellow Blue Pinkish white

11 Orange Pineapple yellow Dark blue Magenta

12

13 Orange Lemon yellow Blue Light magenta

The purpose in getting the different solutions that have different colors is to serve as an
indicator based on the results. The test tubes that were used was al dropped with different
solutions that is repeated using the four indicators such as methyl orange , methyl red,
bromothyl blue and phenolphthalein. The solutions were all mixed with 3 different sets
that are vinegar, soap, chalk by comparing their color reaction to each of the indicators
used with the help of earlier solutions of known pH values and it can easily determine if
the solutions whether acidic or basic

solution Color reactions pH Acidic/basic/neutral

MO MR BB P

Vinegar Strawberry Magenta Yellow white 1-3 acidic

red ochre

Soap yellow orange scarlet yellow White 8-11 basic

chalk yellow yellow yellow cerulean 8-11 basic

Test Tube pH of Solution

Before Addition After addition of HCl After addition of NaOH

(a and c) (B and D)

pH Paper pH Meter pH Paper pH Meter pH Paper pH Meter

A (water) 6 4
B(water) 6 10
C ( NaHCO – 11 10
NaCO)

D ( NaHCO – 11 10
NaCO)

In observing the water and NaHCO3-Na2CO3 systems, it was determined that the two of the systems that
water is a buffer because it is a weak acid.
 CONCLUSIONS

This experiment focuses on studying the pH-dependent solubility. In the results, it was observed that the
more acidic a solutions is the darker it is and vice versa. This is because at low pH, the color of a weak
acid indicates the weak acid and is almost entirely the hydronium indicator form. As the pH increases,
the intensity of the color increases as well which means the reaction is product-favored. The ph of
common household items were compared by the color of the solutions reactions and were mostly a
basic type.

REFERENCES

https://www.khanacademy.org/science/chemistry/acid-base-equilibrium?fbclid=IwAR0bnBlShq6l-I2m-M-
b61phO4Szq23CbW_JEHWkCMnE1cdN4uL2GZmjl3E

https://slideplayer.com/slide/5676901/?fbclid=IwAR3OpLIcr8skhQ78ZtuzHnZ-6bypW6qPARNSyGyAEn30qz61-RS0XmKIw8U