San Beda College Alabang

College of Arts and Sciences

Alabang Hills Village, Muntinlupa City
COLLEGE OF ARTS & SCIENCES

Causal Loop Diagram on Dengue

Submitted by:

Monsalud, John Vincent

Ngo, Christian

Ocampo, Peter

Opena, Ana

Opina, Khate

Palma, Joshua

Peralta, Juan Miguel

Perez, Jennifer

Rabaya, Chino

Rongavilla, Nicholei

Sandoval, Luis

Sepulvida, Jenica

Soriano, Danna

Velasco, Michaella

BSBA Marketing Management 2-A

Submitted to:

Ms. Mariane Grace A. Cabiles

GE-STS Professor

August 28, 2019

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Table of Contents

Title Page………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..….1

Table of Contents…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………...2

Causal Loop Diagram on Dengue………………………………………………………………………………………………….……….………3

Introduction…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………4

Body…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….......4

Conclusion………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………......5

References…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..6
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INTRODUCTION

Dengue has been one of the most controversial topics for the past few weeks in the Philippines. For the reason, the dengue epidemic virus
has spread throughout the country. Dengue is an infection that a host would get from the mosquito bites that would be recognized as a normal
fever, but as time passes the host will encounter different symptoms that could fall under 'dengue'. Dengue is a mosquito-borne viral infection
that can cause symptoms like simple flu including headaches, muscle pain, fever, and full-body rashes. Through the years, dengue has been a
life-threatening condition if not treated correctly with efficient medication. According to the World Health Organization, dengue expands and
spreads in urban poor areas and other small districts but also affects progressive communities in tropical and subtropical countries, like the
Philippines. The country’s local authorities have declared a National Dengue Alert after cases have risen with more than 450 people who died
within months starting from January this year. Based on studies, an increase of 85% of dengue cases has been reported compared to last year’s
percentage and the few regions in the country where epidemics have been declared are MIMAROPA, Western Visayas, Central Visayas, and
Northern Mindanao.
The researchers have chosen this topic because it has been relevant in the time being which would be very alarming and is continuing to
spread to other regions in the country. Dengue, as mentioned, happens frequently to tropical and subtropical countries, yet due to climate change,
mosquitoes can carry dengue anywhere along with other diseases such as Zika, yellow fever, and chikungunya, that can affect other regions in
the world such as southern United States of America and coastal areas of China and Japan. The disease can affect the population as a whole and
can cause diseases and other mosquito-related illness which the researchers are trying to avoid. Another reason why the researchers have chosen
this topic is that the country has not developed efficient health care system resulting to more expenses for the families in the poverty level who
are also living in an unsafe and unhealthy environment. The government has raised awareness yet it is still not enough to educate other citizens
to be cautious and be aware of their surroundings for other potential diseases.
The main objective of this paper is to scrutinize the chosen topic for the researchers to have an in-depth comprehension of the subject
matter to be able to generate a practical and realistic solution towards the issue. The researchers utilized the causal loop diagram for Dengue to
be able to recognize and identify variables that are related to the said epidemic virus. By the end of the causal loop diagram, the objective is to
lessen and possibly eradicate the number of mosquitoes that carries the bacteria that could be developed as dengue and to raise awareness
through different cities that are affected and might be affected by the dengue epidemic virus. To be precise, the researchers aim to resolve the
immense outbreak of dengue cases that has been currently happening in our country. Through this paper, the researchers would like to fulfill
their intention of the complete eradication of the dengue outbreak in the Philippines.

BODY

The causal loop diagram about dengue have different variables, that shows the cause-and-effect to the other variables. A person being
diagnosed with dengue would eventually lead to hospitalization, that would incur a lot of expenses for medical action needed for the patient to
fully recover. This would result in a decrease in the income since it has been allocated to the incurred expense for the bills and medical supply
needed by the patient. With that said, poverty would rise since the most affected population are the less privileged. While poverty increases, this
would result in the decrease in the economy since there would be more poor people, resulting to less consumption of goods. Because of this,
based on the gathered variables and thorough analysis, government officials, including city officials, should publicly inform the citizens, and
netizens, of the solution to such problem which would include fund-raising, seminars and through the use of social media platforms. The
officials shouldn't disregard such issues, as it can lessen the affected people if proper measures and precautions would be implemented.
Launching programs such as Deng-Get Out by the Department of Health, Oplan Zero Dengue, and Oplan Katol are one of the smart moves that
could help the public to accumulate knowledge of what they could do to lessen the outbreak of mosquitos in their respective houses.
In addition, dengue is one of the most prevalent mosquito-borne viral infections and has been a global health problem for many decades
(World Health Organization, 2018). With the increase in the number of victims within the decade alarmingly created a catastrophic effect on the
expenses that accompanies the issue. From cost diagnosis, numerous tests, treatments, medicines, hospital payments that piles up with the peak
of the disease eventually lead to families being burdened with medical bills. In addition to urbanization, the increase in population, inadequate
public health infrastructure, poor solid waste management, and lack of effective mosquito surveillance system that contributed to the growing
dengue victims in the country. Children and adults with dengue suffered with high costs when hospitalized for dengue. That continues to affect
households and expenses of a family which illnesses can impact households. Findings have shown that households spend every month, on
average, USD3.92 (PHP205.50) to buy preventive products such as insecticides aerosol spray, mosquito repellent, mosquito coils, mats, etc.
Expenses on insecticides aerosol spray constitute the greatest portion (nearly 62%).
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The household's total average cost of treatment per dengue case was estimated at USD37.26 (1,953.30). The Findings also revealed that
24.10% of the total cost for treatment is attributed to the cost for medical care which includes expenses on consultation with doctors, diagnosis
and medicines. The estimation of the costs clearly creates an impact on how dengue can affect a family’s day to day expenses especially those
who are in poverty.
In relation to our course, marketing, and the concept of Causal Loop Diagram, we added poverty which is a result from the decreasing of
the income because of the incurred expenses which will eventually lead to the decrease in economy. Because of the decrease in economy, public
awareness will increase that will result in fundraising, seminars, and social media platforms. In the increase of public awareness, cities and
governments are alarmed which moves them to increase help in creating an action. These actions would lead to environmental planning and
developmental medications such as Oplan katol, Oplan Zero Dengue, and Deng-Get-out.

CONCLUSION

Solving the problem of dengue outbreak is difficult as it requires many procedures and methods since it cannot be controlled by the
people as it is against nature. Mosquitoes are silent killers because you wouldn’t feel it’s bite, you will only feel it after. Environmental
awareness could be one of the simple solutions to lessen the worsen dengue outbreaks. Through the awareness, it would constantly remind us to
clean our surroundings and prevent exposed store water or unclean water, especially clogged canals that could possibly be where mosquitoes lay
their eggs. In addition, having cleaning operations to places where the dengue outbreak often happens could also prevent clogged canals or filthy
rivers alongside Barangays. Not only could it prevent mosquito bites but also the surroundings would be clean and the air would be fresh and
less polluted. Environmental awareness has a lot of benefits to offer to the society not only by preventing dengue but also to having a better
environment for people to live in.
Human cells are often infected with the dengue virus – these instances can be deadly varying on different stages. Through these
capacities, areas with standing water are not advisable to be nearly located. One helpful way to prevent the occurrence of this is the usage of
mosquito netting. Dengue outbreaks are in no ways controllable but preventable by the people around the area infected. The implementation of
these precautions would be helpful for those who are less privileged. These days, more informal settlers would likely to adapt this sickness
because of the unsustainable cleanliness of their surroundings. This is why, LGU’s should start conducting every preventive ways to reduce the
numbers of acclaiming this disease’s order.
Children should be the most protected because they are always the victims of the dengue disease and unfortunately, some of them are
easily killed by these creatures. Because of this, people would often be regretful how innocent kids are dying because of our unfulfilled
responsibilities as parents or as concerned citizens. With that so, by giving awareness to children by just as simple as putting mosquito repellent
to them would make sure they can go play and be free whenever and wherever they want, safely.
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REFERENCES
i. Dayaram, S. (2019). “Philippines declares national alert after 456 die from dengue fever”. Retrieved from
https://edition.cnn.com/2019/07/16/health/philippines-dengue-national-alert-hnk-intl/index.html

ii. Dowshen, S. (2017). “Dengue Fever”. Retrieved from https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/dengue.html

iii. WHO. (2019) “Dengue Control”. Retrieved from

https://www.who.int/denguecontrol/disease/en/?fbclid=IwAR1qDMr1mQTxuuM3pnQDL7P_SkjCqP6YtaMeYyJpywGVD41OYTHH8n
9hhYQ