2004 U. S.

NATIONAL
CHEMISTRY OLYMPIAD
LOCAL SECTION EXAM
Prepared by the American Chemical Society Olympiad Examinations Task Force

OLYMPIAD EXAMINATIONS TASK FORCE

Arden P. Zipp, State University of New York, Cortland
Chair

Sherry Berman-Robinson, Consolidated High School, IL

William Bond, Snohomish High School, WA
Peter E. Demmin (retired), Amherst Central High School, NY
Marian Dewane, Centennial High School, ID
Dianne Earle, Bowling Green High School, SC
Michael Hampton, University of Central Florida, FL
David W. Hostage, Taft School, CT
Alice Johnsen, Bellaire High School, TX
Adele Mouakad, St. John’s School, PR
Ronald O. Ragsdale, University of Utah, UT
Jacqueline Simms, Sandalwood Sr. High School, FL

DIRECTIONS TO THE EXAMINER

This test is designed to be taken with an answer sheet on which the student records his or her responses. All answers are to be marked
on that sheet, not written in the booklet. Each student should be provided with an answer sheet and scratch paper, both of which must
be turned in with the test booklet at the end of the examination. Local Sections may use an answer sheet of their own choice.

The full examination consists of 60 multiple-choice questions representing a fairly wide range of difficulty. Students should be
permitted to use non-programmable calculators. A periodic table and other useful information are provided on page two of this exam
booklet for student reference.

Suggested Time: 60 questions—110 minutes

DIRECTIONS TO THE EXAMINEE

DO NOT TURN THE PAGE UNTIL DIRECTED TO DO SO.

This is a multiple-choice examination with four choices for each question. There is only one correct or best answer to each question.
When you select your choice, blacken the corresponding space on the answer sheet with your pencil. Make a heavy full mark, but no
stray marks. If you decide to change your answer, be certain to erase your original answer completely.
Not valid for use as an ACS Olympiad Local Section Exam after March 28, 2004. STOCK CODE OL04
Distributed by the ACS DivCHED Examinations Institute, University of Wisconsin - Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI.
All rights reserved. Printed in U.S.A.
 ABBREVIATIONS AND SYMBOLS CONSTANTS
ampere A Faraday constant F molal m
atmosphere atm formula molar mass M molar M R = 8.314 J·mol–1·K–1
atomic mass unit u free energy G molar mass M R = 0.0821 L·atm·mol –1·K–1
atomic molar mass A frequency ν mole mol 1 F = 96,500 C·mol–1
Avogadro constant N A gas constant R Planck’s constant h
1 F = 96,500 J·V–1·mol–1
Celsius temperature °C gram g pressure P
centi– prefix c heat capacity C p rate constant k N A = 6.022 × 1023 mol–1
coulomb C hour h retention factor Rf h = 6.626 × 10–34 J·s
electromotive force E joule J second s c = 2.998 × 108 m·s–1
energy of activation Ea kelvin K temperature, K T
enthalpy H kilo– prefix k time t 0 °C = 273.15 K
entropy S liter L volt V 1 atm = 760 mmHg
equilibrium constant K milli– prefix m

EQUATIONS

RT  −∆H  1  k  E  1 1 
E = Eo − ln Q ln K =    + constant ln 2  = a  − 
nF  R  T   k1  R  T1 T2 

1 PERIODIC TABLE OF THE ELEMENTS 18

1A 8A
1 2
H 2 13 14 15 16 17 He
1.008 4.003
2A 3A 4A 5A 6A 7A
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Li Be B C N O F Ne
6.941 9.012 10.81 12.01 14.01 16.00 19.00 20.18
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
Na Mg 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Al Si P S Cl Ar
22.99 24.31 26.98 28.09 30.97 32.07 35.45 39.95
3B 4B 5B 6B 7B 8B 8B 8B 1B 2B
19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr
39.10 40.08 44.96 47.88 50.94 52.00 54.94 55.85 58.93 58.69 63.55 65.39 69.72 72.61 74.92 78.96 79.90 83.80
37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54
Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe
85.47 87.62 88.91 91.22 92.91 95.94 (98) 101.1 102.9 106.4 107.9 112.4 114.8 118.7 121.8 127.6 126.9 131.3
55 56 57 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86
Cs Ba La Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn
132.9 137.3 138.9 178.5 180.9 183.8 186.2 190.2 192.2 195.1 197.0 200.6 204.4 207.2 209.0 (209) (210) (222)
87 88 89 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 114
Fr Ra Ac Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt
(223) (226) (227) (261) (262) (263) (262) (265) (266) (269) (272) (277) (2??)

58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71
Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu
140.1 140.9 144.2 (145) 150.4 152.0 157.3 158.9 162.5 164.9 167.3 168.9 173.0 175.0
90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103
Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr
232.0 231.0 238.0 (237) (244) (243) (247) (247) (251) (252) (257) (258) (259) (262)

Page 2 Not for use as a USNCO Local Section Exam after March 28, 2004
 DIRECTIONS
! When you have selected your answer to each question, blacken the corresponding space on the answer sheet using a soft, #2
pencil. Make a heavy, full mark, but no stray marks. If you decide to change an answer, erase the unwanted mark very carefully.
! There is only one correct answer to each question. Any questions for which more than one response has been blackened will not
be counted.
! Your score is based solely on the number of questions you answer correctly. It is to your advantage to answer every question.

1. Which element is a gas at 25 ˚C and 1 atm pressure? 6. What is the proper technique to test the odor of a vapor in
a test tube?
(A) chlorine (B) phosphorus
(A) Hold the test tube near the nose and sniff.
(C) silicon (D) sulfur
(B) Use a micropipet to capture some of the gas and
2. Which combustion product is produced THE LEAST by sniff that.
gasoline-powered vehicles?
(C) Hold the test tube above the nose and pour the gas
(A) CO2 (B) H2O (C) NO2 (D) SO2 toward it.
(D) Hold the test tube near the nose and waft the gas
3. Which element has the highest electrical conductivity at
toward it with a hand.
room temperature?
(A) Ge (B) Se (C) Sn (D) Te 7. For which compound are the empirical and molecular
formulas the same?
4. How should a student prepare 100 mL of a 1.0 M H2SO4
(A) C 6H5COOH (B) C 6H4(COOH)2
solution from a 10. M H 2SO4 solution?
(C) HOOCCOOH (D) CH3COOH
(A) Add 90 mL of H2O to 10 mL of 10 M H2SO4.
(B) Add 10 mL of 10 M H2SO4 to 90 mL of H2O. 8. What volume of liquid A has Density (g/cm 3)
the same mass as 80.0 cm3 of Liquid A 0.660
(C) Add 10 mL of 10 M H2SO4 to 80 mL of H2O, stir
liquid B?
and dilute to 100 mL after allowing to cool. Liquid B 1.59
(D) Add 80 mL of H2O to 10 mL of 10 M H2SO4, stir (A) 40.0 cm3 (B) 97.0 cm3
and dilute to 100 mL after allowing to cool.
(C) 160. cm3 (D) 193 cm3
5. Which letter in the diagram depicts A
the hottest portion of a Bunsen 9. How many water molecules are in a 0.10 g sample of
burner flame? B CuSO4.5H2O (MM = 249.7)?
(A) 1.2 x 10 21 (B) 2.4 x 10 21
C
(C) 2.4 x 10 22 (D) 1.2 x 10 23
D
10. Acetylene, C2H2, reacts with O2 to produce CO2 and H2O.
What is the O2/C2H2 ratio in the balanced equation?
(A) 2/1 (B) 3/2 (C) 5/2 (D) 3/1
(A) A (B) B (C) C (D) D
11. Mg(OH)2 in the form of Milk Molar Mass (g/mol)
of Magnesia is used to
neutralize excess stomach acid. Mg(OH)2 58.33
How many moles of stomach acid can be neutralized by
1.00 g of Mg(OH)2?
(A) 0.0171 (B) 0.0343 (C) 0.686 (D) 1.25

Not for use as a USNCO Local Section Exam after March 28, 2004 Page 3
 12. A 25.00 mL sample of 0.1050 M H 2SO4 is titrated with a 19. The enthalpy change of which reaction corresponds to
NaOH solution of unknown concentration. The ∆H˚ f for Na2CO3(s) at 298 K?
phenolphthalein endpoint was reached when 17.23 mL of
(A) 2Na(s) + C(s) + 3/2O2(g) j Na 2CO3(s)
the NaOH solution had been added. What is the
concentration of the NaOH? (B) Na 2O(s) + CO 2(g) j Na 2CO3(s)
(A) 0.07617 M (B) 0.1447 M (C) 2Na +(aq) + CO 32-(aq) j Na 2CO3(s)
(C) 0.1524 M (D) 0.3047 M (D) 2Na +(aq) + 2OH–(aq) + CO2(aq)
13. A sample of oxygen Mass of j Na2CO3(s) + H2O
gas and a sample of an evacuated flask 124.46 g
unknown gas are 20. Which applies to any endothermic reaction?
Mass of flask
weighed separately in + oxygen 125.10 g (A) ∆H < 0 (B) ∆H > 0 (C) ∆G < 0 (D) ∆G > 0
the same evacuated
flask. Use the data Mass of flask
125.34 g 21. When a bomb calorimeter is used to determine the heat of
given to find the molar + unknown gas reaction, which property of the system under
mass of the unknown gas (assume experiments are investigation is most likely to remain constant?
carried out at the same pressure and temperature).
(A) number of molecules (B) pressure
(A) 22 g/mol (B) 38 g/mol
(C) temperature (D) volume
(C) 44 g/mol (D) 84 g/mol
22. For the reaction shown, ∆ H˚f (kJ. mol-1)
14. Which pair of gases has the same average rate of 3+
which is closest to the Cr (aq) -143
diffusion at 25 ˚C? value of ∆H? Ni2+(aq) -54
(A) He and Ne (B) N2 and O2 2Cr (aq) + 3Ni(s) j 2Cr(s) + 3Ni (aq)
3+ 2+

(C) N2O and CO2 (D) NH3 and HCl (A) 124 kJ (B) 89 kJ (C) -89 kJ (D) -124 kJ
15. According to the phase 2.0 23. An ice cube at 0.00 ˚C is placed in 200. g of distilled
diagram shown, in what water at 25.00 ˚C. The final temperature after the ice is
state does the represented completely melted is 5.00 ˚C. What is the mass of the ice
P/ atm

substance exist at 1.0 atm 1.0 cube? (∆Hfus = 340. J. g-1, Cp = 4.18 J . g-1.˚C-1)
and 0.0 ˚C?
(A) 23.6 g (B) 46.3 g (C) 50.0 g (D) 800. g

5
o
10 24. Which reaction occurs with the greatest increase in
T/ C
entropy?
(A) solid only (B) liquid only (A) 2H2O(l) j 2H2(g) + O2(g)
(C) gas only (D) solid and liquid only (B) 2NO(g) j N2(g) + O2(g)
16. What is the most effective way to condense a gas? (C) C(s) + O2(g) j CO2(g)
(A) Decrease the temperature and increase the pressure. (D) Br2(g) + Cl2(g) j 2BrCl(g)
(B) Decrease the temperature and decrease the pressure.
25. For a rate law of the form; Rate = k[A]m [B]n, the
(C) Increase the temperature and decrease the pressure. exponents m and n are obtained from
(D) Increase the temperature and increase the pressure. (A) changes in rate with changing temperature.

17. Which liquid has the highest vapor pressure at 25 ˚C? (B) the coefficients of A and B in the balanced equation.

(A) butane, C4H10 (B) glycerol, C3H5(OH)3 (C) the concentrations of A and B in a single
experiment.
(C) octane, C8H18 (D) propanol, C3H7OH
(D) changes in the reaction rate for different
18. Which oxide has the highest melting point? concentrations of A and B.

(A) H2O (B) NO2 (C) SO2 (D) SiO 2

Page 4 Not for use as a USNCO Local Section Exam after March 28, 2004
 26. What is the order of a reaction for which the units of k 32. For the hypothetical reaction, 2A(s) + B(g) s 3C(g)
are L. mol -1. s-1 and the units of the rate are mol.L-1. s-1? what is the equilibrium expression?
(A) zero order (B) first order (A) [C]3 (B) 3[C]
K= 2
K=
(C) second order (D) some other order [A] [B] 2[A][B]
27. For the reaction A + B j C, (C) [C]3 (D) [C]3
K= K=
the rate law is: Rate = k[A]2. [A]2 + [B] [B]
Which change(s) will increase the rate of the reaction?
I Increasing the concentration of A 33. Acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) behaves as an acid
II Increasing the concentration of B according to the equation shown. Calculate Kb for the
(A) I only (B) II only C 9H7O4–(aq) ion. (Ka = 3.0 x 10-4)
HC9H7O4(aq) + H2O s H3O+(aq) + C9H7O4–(aq)
(C) Both I and II (D) Neither I nor II
(A) 3.0 x 10 -17 (B) 3.3 x 10 -11
28. Which does NOT change with time for a first-order (C) 9.0 x 10 -8 (D) 3.3 x 10 3
reaction?
(A) the amount of reactant that disappears in each half- 34. What will happen to the pH of a buffer solution when a
life small amount of a strong base is added? The pH will

(B) the concentration of the reactant (A) increase slightly

(C) the length of each half-life (B) decrease slightly

(D) the rate of the reaction (C) remain exactly the same
(D) become 7.0
29. The rates of which I endothermic reactions
reactions are increased 35. When a solution of NH3 (Kb = 1.8 x 10 -5) is titrated with a
when the temperature is II exothermic reactions strong acid the indicator used should change color near a
raised? pH of
(A) I only (B) II only (A) 1 (B) 5 (C) 9 (D) 13
(C) Both I and II (D) Neither I nor II 36. When solid silver chloride (MM = 143.4) is added to 100.
mL of H2O, 1.9 x 10-4 grams dissolves. What is the Ksp
30. When a catalyst is added to for silver chloride?
the system represented by this
energy-reaction coordinate (A) 1.3 x 10 -5 (B) 3.7 x 10 -6
3
Energy

diagram, which dimensions in 1

(C) 3.7 x 10 -8 (D) 1.8 x 10 -10
the diagram are changed? 2
37. In which species does the underlined element have an
oxidation number of +2?
Reaction Coordinate (A) S O2Cl2 (B) Fe(CN) 64-

(A) 1 and 2 only (B) 1 and 3 only (C) HNO2 (D) Ni(CO) 4

(C) 2 and 3 only (D) 1, 2, 3 38. Which transformation is an oxidation?

31. Which statement is true for a reaction at equilibrium? (A) VO3- j VO2+
(A) All reaction ceases. (B) CrO2- j CrO42–
(B) The reaction has gone to completion. (C) SO3 j SO42–
(C) The rates of the forward and reverse reactions are (D) NO3– j NO2-
equal.
(D) The amount of product equals the amount of
reactant.

Not for use as a USNCO Local Section Exam after March 28, 2004 Page 5
 39. _Sn 2+(aq) + _NO3-(aq) + _H+(aq) 48. How does the reducing ability of the elements vary across
j _Sn 4+(aq) + _NO(g) + _H2O the period from Na to Ar? It
What is the coefficient for H+(aq) when the equation
(A) decreases steadily.
above is balanced correctly with the smallest integer
coefficients? (B) increases steadily.
(A) 2 (B) 4 (C) 6 (D) 8 (C) decreases then increases.

40. In electrochemical cells the cathode is always the (D) increases then decreases.
electrode where
49. Which species contains only covalent bonds?
(A) oxidation occurs.
(A) H2SO4 (B) NH4NO3
(B) reduction occurs.
(C) NaOCl (D) K2CrO4
(C) positive ions are formed.
50. How many valence electrons are in the pyrophosphate
(D) negative ions are formed. ion, P2O74–?
41. 2Ga(s) + 6H+(aq) j 2Ga 3+(aq) + 3H2(g) (A) 48 (B) 52 (C) 54 (D) 56
The potential of the cell for the reaction given is 0.54 V.
If the concentrations of the ions are 1.0 M and the 51. Which species has the largest F-A-F bond angle where A
pressure of H2(g) is 1 atm, what is E˚ for the half-reaction is the central atom?
Ga 3+(aq) + 3e- j Ga(s) (A) BF3 (B) CF4 (C) NF3 (D) OF2
(A) -0.54 V (B) -0.27 V
52. The triple bond in carbon monoxide consists of
(C) 0.27 V (D) 0.54 V
(A) 3 sigma bonds
42. All of the following affect the number of moles of metal (B) 2 sigma bonds and 1 pi bond
deposited during electrolysis EXCEPT the
(C) 1 sigma bond and 2 pi bonds
(A) current used (B) electrolysis time
(D) 3 pi bonds
(C) charge on the ion (D) molar mass
53. The boiling points of the halogens, F2, Cl2, Br2 and I2,
43. The emission spectrum of hydrogen in the visible region increase in that order. This is best attributed to
consists of differences in
(A) a continuous band of light. (A) covalent bond strengths.
(B) a series of equally spaced lines. (B) dipole forces.
(C) a series of lines that are closer at low energies. (C) London dispersion forces.
(D) a series of lines that are closer at high energies. (D) colligative forces.
44. Which atom in its ground state has the most unpaired 54. Which species is polar?
electrons?
(A) CO2 (B) SO2 (C) SO3 (D) O2
(A) Ge (B) As (C) Se (D) Br
55. Which formula represents n-butane?
45. An monoatomic ion that has 18 electrons and a +2 charge
(A) CH3CH2CH2CH3 (B) CH2=CHCH2CH3
(A) has 16 protons. (B) has the symbol Ar2+.
(C) (CH3)2CHCH3 (D) (CH3)3CH
(C) has 18 neutrons. (D) is isoelectronic with Ar.
56. How many structural isomers have the formula C3H6Cl2?
46. Which atom has the largest atomic radius?
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4
(A) Li (B) K (C) As (D) Br
57. What is the hybridization of the carbon atom in a
47. What is the maximum number of electrons that occupy carboxyl group?
the n = 3 level?
(A) sp (B) sp2 (C) sp3 (D) dsp3
(A) 6 (B) 8 (C) 10 (D) 18

Page 6 Not for use as a USNCO Local Section Exam after March 28, 2004
 58. A reaction in which a carboxylic acid reacts with an
alcohol to form an organic compound and water is called
(A) esterification (B) hydrolysis
(C) neutralization (D) saponification

59. What substance is formed when CF2=CF2 is

polymerized?
(A) Polyethylene (B) Polyurethane
(C) PVC (D) Teflon

60. Most enzymes are a type of

(A) carbohydrate (B) lipid
(C) nucleic acid (D) protein

END OF TEST

Not for use as a USNCO Local Section Exam after March 28, 2004 Page 7
 Olympiad 2004 Local Section

KEY

Number Answer Number Answer

1. A 31. C
2. D 32. D
3. C 33. B
4. C 34. A
5. C 35. B
6. D 36. D
7. A 37. B
8. D 38. B
9. A 39. D
10. C 40. B
11. B 41. A
12. D 42. D
13. C 43. D
14. C 44. B
15. A 45. D
16. A 46. B
17. A 47. D
18. D 48. A
19. A 49. A
20. B 50. D
21. D 51. A
22. A 52. C
23. B 53. C
24. A 54. B
25. D 55. A
26. C 56. D
27. A 57. B
28. C 58. A
29. C 59. D
30. B 60. D

Not for use as a USNCO Local Section Exam after March 28, 2004