Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
BUET, Dhaka
Binary eutectic systems with partial miscibility
Nomenclatures and invariant reaction
Determining composition and relative amounts
Development of microstructures
Reference:
1. WD Callister, Jr. Materials Science and Engineering: An Introduction,
5th Ed., Ch. 9.
2. SH Avner. Introduction to physical metallurgy, 2nd Ed., Ch. 6.
Both metals are only
partially soluble to
each other in the
solid state.
cooling
L 61.9 Sn a19 Sn + b 97.5Sn
heating
Eutectic alloy
Short-freezing-range alloy
Behaves like pure metal
No “mushy” zone
EUTECTIC
ALLOY
L L+a a
L L+ a
a a+b
alternate layers of
a and b crystals
The Eutectic Alloy
How does eutectic microstructure form?
Compositions of α and β phases are very different. The eutectic reaction involves
redistribution of Pb and Sn atoms by atomic diffusion. This simultaneous formation
of α and β phases result in a layered (lamellar) microstructure that is called the
eutectic structure.
Pro
The Hypoeutectic Alloy eutectic
Problem
For the Pb-Sn alloy system,
(a) What is the compositions and relative
amounts of the phases that constitute
the eutectic microstructure?
(b) For an alloy containing 30 % Sn,
(i) What are the relative amounts of
a and b phases present at the
eutectic temperature?
(ii) What are the relative amounts of
the eutectic and the proeutectic a
phase present at the same
temperature?
Solutions
For the Pb-Sn alloy system,
(a) What is the compositions and relative
amounts of the phases that constitute
the eutectic microstructure?
R S Eutectic structure consists
of a and b phases
Ca = 19.0 wt% Sn
Cb = 97.5 wt% Sn
R S Wa = 100 S / (R+S)
= 100 (97.5 – 30.0) / (97.5 – 19.0)
= 86.0 %
Wb = 100 R / (R+S)
= 100 (30.0 – 19.0) / (97.5 – 19.0)
= 13.0 %
Solutions
(b) For an alloy containing 30 % Sn,
(ii) What are the relative amounts of
the eutectic and the proeutectic a
phase present at the same
temperature?
R S Wa = 100 S / (R+S)
= 100 (61.9 – 30.0) / (61.9 – 19.0)
= 74.4 %
WE = 100 R / (R+S)
= 100 (30.0 – 19.0) / (61.9 – 19.0)
= 23.6 %
L
Temperature
L+a
a+b
Time
L + (a+b)
(a + b)
Time
Eutectic alloy
L
Temperature
L+a
(a+b) + a
Time