CHAPTER 4

TESTING HARDWARE RESULTS

4.1 Hardware Design

The design of the hardware is similar with coiled oven in real time. The frying
pan is placed at the upper part of the oven. To control time, the controller board is
fixed beside the oven. the design of the automatic time control of oven based on fuzzy
is shown in figure 4.1.For testing of the automatic time control of oven based on
fuzzy, hardware testing and software testing are described.

Figure 4.1 Hardware design of the system

4.2 Hardware Testing
The hardware testing of the system uses three SPDT switches to control the
level of water, weight of meat and cooking time. Temperature is used to set fixed
values for cooking temperature. Relay driver module is used for switching oven coil.
Microcontroller is the main controlled components that receives the signal from the
sensors and SPDT switches and sends command signal to the output devices. Liquid
Crystal Display is used to show the level of water, weight of meat and cooking time.
Push button is used to control ON/OFF condition of oven. When push button is
pressed, relay get ON state and oven is operated. When push button is pressed again,
relay get OFF state and oven is not operated. When the oven is ON, LCD shows the
values from the sensors and left time values f or cooking. When the oven is OFF, the
indication of time vales is disappeared.
At testing of the controlling level of water, weight of meat and cooking time,
three SPDT switches are used for the controlling the level of sensors. The values of
the sensors are displayed at the liquid crystal display. Three colors of the SPDT
switches are used for the classification of the values. The red SPDT switches is used
for the controlling weight of meat. The blue SPDT switches is used for the controlling
the level of water. The white SPDT switches is used for the setting of the temperature
values. The testing of the controlling values is shown in figure 4.2.
 Figure 4.2 Testing of Controlling values
At the testing of the controlling values, the liquid crystal display is displayed
the changing values of the water, meat and temperature. The changing values in LCD
are shown in figure 4.3.

Figure 4.3 Changing Values in LCD

When the push button is pressed, relay module is on and oven is operated.
When the defined time is reached, relay is automatically off and oven is stopped its
operation. The ON/OFF state of the relay module at over all operation is shown in
figure 4.4.

Figure 4.4 ON/OFF operation of the Relay

At the cooking operation, the value of temperature is fixing and other value is
variable. When the cooking process is operated, LCD shows the left cooking time.
And then cooking time is reduced to the zero minutes when this time relay is
automatically OFF. The results of cooking operation are shown in figure 4.4.
 Figure 4.4 Results of the cooking Process
4.3 Software Testing
The simulation was created in the Proteus Software (version 8.4). The
simulations would be described in this article.
4.3.1 Proteus Simulation
It is a software suite containing schematic, simulation as well as PCB
designing.
 ISIS is the software used to draw sch ematics and simulate the circuits in real
time.The simulation allows human access during run time,thus providing real
time simulation.
 ARES is used for PCB designing.It has the feature of viewing output in 3D
view of the designed PCB along with components.
 The designer can also develop 2D drawings for the product.
4.3.2 Features
ISIS has wide range of components in its library. It has sources, signal
generators, measurement and analysis tools like oscilloscope, voltmeter, ammeter
etc., probes for real time monitoring of the parameters of the circuit, switches,
displays, loads like motors and lamps, discrete components like resistors, capacitors,
inductors, transformers, digital and analog Integrated circuits, semi-conductor
switches, relays, microcontrollers, processors, sensors etc.
ARES offers PCB designing up to 14 inner layers, with surface mount and through
hole packages. It is embedded with the foot prints of different category of components
like ICs, transistors, headers, connectors and other discrete components. It offers Auto
routing and manual routing options to the PCB Designer. The schematic drawn in the
ISIS can be directly transferred ARES.
4.3.3 Starting New Design
Step 1: Open ISIS software and select New design in File menu

Step 2: A dialogue box appears to save the current design. However, we are
creating a new design file so you can click Yes or No depending on the content of the
present file. Then a Pop-Up appears asking to select the template. It is similar to
selecting the paper size while printing. For now select default or according to the
layout size of the circuit.

Step 3:An untitled design sheet will be opened, save it according to your
wish,it is better to create a new folder for every layout as it generates other files
supporting your design. However,it is not mandatory.
 Step 4:To Select components, Click on the component mode button.

Component Mode
Step 5:Click On Pick from Libraries. It shows the categories of components
available and a search option to enter the part name.
 Step 6: Select the components from categories or type the part name in
Keywords text box.

Example shows selection of push button. Select the components accordingly.

Step 7: The selected components will appear in the devices list. Select the
component and place it in the design sheet by left-click.
 Place all the required components and route the wires i.e, make connections.
Either selection mode above the component mode or component mode allows to
connect through wires. Left click from one terminal to other to make connection.
Double right-click on the connected wire or the component to remove connection or
the component respectively.

Double click on the component to edit the properties of the components and click on
Ok.
Step 8:After connecting the circuit,click on the play button to run the simulation.

4.3.4 Test and Results of simulation

In simulation, the components of the system is picked from the library. And
then they are fixed at the sheet and connect from each to another by the connection
line of circuit diagram.
 Two SPDT switches are used in simulation for controlling meat weight, water
level, and DS18B20 is used to control temperature values. Instead of the oven coil,
220V lamp is used in simulation test.
The picking devices from library in Proteus software and devices list of the
system is shown in figure 5.

Device library
List of devices

Figure 4. Device Library and Lists of Devices

When the simulation is stated, two SPDT switches are tested for changing
weight of meat and level of water values. The left side of the SPDT switch 1 is
defined 0.125 for meat, the middle side of the SPDT switch is used 0.250 and the
right side of the switch is 0.500 for meat. Similarly, the left side of the SPDT switch 2
is defined 1L for water, the middle side of the SPDT switch is used 2L and the right
side of the switch is 3L for meat. The value of the temperature is set at DS18B20. At
the value controlling all input are send signal to the microcontroller. Microcontroller
is received and sends to the liquid crystal display for monitoring set values. Liquid
crystal display is shown the changed values. The testing of the values setting is shown
in figure 4.

Figure 4. SPDT switches contact left side and Temperature set 89˚C
 Figure 4. SPDT switch 1 has right, switch 2 has left side, Temperature set 89˚C

Figure 4. SPDT switches contact right side and Temperature set 89˚C

At all of the simulation testing, the value time is set constant value. But overall
design is operated, the values of the time changes the variable values of the meat,
water and temperature. When the push button is pressed, relay is energized and lamp
gets operation. When the push button is again pressed, relay is non-energized and
lamp stop operation. When the overall process is operated, the switches and
temperature values are set with different values. The values of time is changed with
respect to the set values of the switch and DS 18B20.

When the values of the meat are 0.500, level of water is 3L and 90˚C
temperature value, the time for the cooking is needed 27 minutes. The result of the
testing is shown in the figure 4. .
 Figure 4. Testing results of max cooking time for max values

When the values of the meat are 0.250, level of water is 2L and 90˚C
temperature value, the time for the cooking is needed 19 minutes. The result of the
testing is shown in the figure 4. .

Figure 4. Testing results of medium cooking time for medium values

When the values of the meat are 0.125, level of water is 1L and 90˚C
temperature value, the time for the cooking is needed nearly 11 minutes. The result of
the testing is shown in the figure 4. .

Figure 4. Testing results of low cooking time for low values