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BENDING STRESS
𝑀𝐶
𝑓𝑏 = 1
6𝑀
𝑓𝑏 =
𝑏𝑑²
𝑀
𝑓𝑏 =
𝑆
𝑓𝑏 = 𝑏𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠
𝑏 𝑑2
𝑆= (𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑚𝑜𝑑𝑢𝑙𝑢𝑠)
6
𝐼 = 𝑚𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑎 𝑎𝑡 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑛𝑒𝑢𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑙 𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑠
𝑏 𝑑³
𝐼=
12
𝑑
𝑐=
2
SHEARING STRESS
𝑉𝑄
𝑓𝑣 = 𝐼𝑏
𝑓𝑣 = 𝑠ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠
𝑄 =𝐴𝑦
𝑏𝑑 𝑑
𝑄=
2 4
𝑏 𝑑2
𝑄=
8
𝐼 = 𝑚𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑎 𝑎𝑡 𝑛𝑒𝑢𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑙 𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑠
𝑏 𝑑3
𝐼=
12
𝑏 = 𝑤𝑖𝑑𝑡ℎ 𝑎𝑡 𝑐𝑟𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑠ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑟
1 𝑭𝒐𝒓 𝒓𝒆𝒄𝒕𝒂𝒏𝒈𝒖𝒍𝒂𝒓 𝒔𝒆𝒄𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏:
3𝑉
𝑓𝑣 =
2𝑏𝑑
2 𝑭𝒐𝒓 𝒕𝒓𝒊𝒂𝒏𝒈𝒖𝒍𝒂𝒓 𝒔𝒆𝒄𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏:
𝑏 𝑑³
𝐼=
36
𝑏 𝑑 𝑑
(2) ( 2) ( 3) 𝑏 𝑑2
𝑄= =
2 24
𝑏
𝑏=
2
𝑉𝑄
𝑓𝑣 = 𝐼𝑏
𝑏 𝑑2
𝑉 24
𝑓𝑣 =
𝑏𝑑3 𝑏
36 2
3𝑉
𝑓𝑣 =
𝑏𝑑
2 2
3𝑉
𝑓𝑣 =
2𝐴
3 𝑭𝒐𝒓 𝒄𝒊𝒓𝒄𝒖𝒍𝒂𝒓 𝒄𝒓𝒐𝒔𝒔 − 𝒔𝒆𝒄𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏:
𝑉𝑄
𝑓𝑣 =
𝐼𝑏
𝜋𝑟 4
𝐼=
4
𝑄 = 𝐴𝑦
𝜋𝑟 2 4𝑟
𝑄=
2 3𝜋
2 3
𝑄= 𝑟
3
𝑏 = 2𝑟
2
𝑉 3 𝑟3
𝑓𝑣 = 4
𝜋𝑟
4 2𝑟
4𝑣
𝑓𝑣 =
3𝜋𝑟 2
4𝑉
𝑓𝑣 =
3𝐴
Allowable Bending Stress
For beams of circular cross section having a diameter greater than 340 mm the
size factor 𝐶𝑓 may be determined on the basis of an equivalent conventionally
loaded square beam.
300
𝐶𝑓=( 𝑑 )1/9
𝜋𝐷²
= 𝑑²
4
𝜋
𝑑 2 = (340)2
4
𝑑 = 301.3 > 300 𝑚𝑚
Note: The size factor adjustment shall not apply to visually graded lumber 50 mm
to 100 mm thick or to machine stress-rated lumber.
B) Form Factor
The form factor shall be cumulative with the size factor adjustment except for
lumber I-beams and box beams.
Allowable Bending Stress for Laterally Unbraced Beams with Less
Variability
Slenderness Factor
When the depth of a bending member exceeds its breadth, lateral support maybe
required and the slenderness factor 𝐶𝑠shall be computed using the relation:
Le d
𝐶𝑠 = √
𝑏²
𝐶𝑠 = 𝑠𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑒𝑟𝑛𝑒𝑠𝑠 𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜
𝐿𝑒 = 𝑒𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒 𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ 𝑜𝑓 𝑏𝑒𝑎𝑚
𝑑 = 𝑑𝑒𝑝𝑡ℎ 𝑜𝑓 𝑏𝑒𝑎𝑚
𝑏 = 𝑏𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑑𝑡ℎ 𝑜𝑓 𝑏𝑒𝑎𝑚
𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒 𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ 𝑜𝑓 𝐵𝑒𝑎𝑚𝑠
A.Short Beam
When Slenderness factor 𝐶𝑠 < 10 Use 𝐹𝑏 ′ = 𝐹𝑏
B. Intermediate Beam
When 𝐶𝑠 > 10 but less than 𝐶𝓀
𝐸
Where 𝐶𝓀 = 0.956√𝐹𝑏 For glued-laminated beam and machine stress-rated lumber
1 𝐶𝑠
𝐹𝑏 ′ = 𝐹𝑏 [1 − . ( ) ¼]
3 𝐶𝓀
C. Long Beam:
0.609 𝐸
𝐹𝑏 ′ = 𝐶𝑠² For glued-laminated beam and machine stress-rated lumber
48. Problem:
Solution:
𝑑 > 300 𝑚𝑚
300 1/9
𝐶𝑠 = ( )
𝑑
300 1/9
𝐶𝑠 = ( )
600
𝐶𝑠 = 0.926
Le d
𝐶𝑠 = √
𝑏²
38400(600)
𝐶𝑠 = √
(150)2
𝐶𝑠 = 32
𝐸
𝐶𝓀 = 0.811√
𝐹𝑏
13800
𝐶𝓀 = 0.811√
12.4
𝐶𝓀 = 27.06
𝐶𝑠 > 𝐶𝓀 𝑏𝑢𝑡 < 50
Use:
0.438 𝐸
𝑓𝑏 =
(𝐶𝑠)2
0.438(13800)
𝑓𝑏 =
(32)2
𝑓𝑏 = 𝟓. 𝟗 𝑴𝑷𝒂