ce132p structural theory 2

1. Construct elastic curve of a given beam or frame. (CO1)

2. Derive the equations for the beam slope and deflection

using the Double Integration Method based on a given
beam loading. (CO2)

3. Calculate the slope and deflection of the beam using

Double Integration Method. (CO2)
1-1
 Deflection of structures can occur from various
sources such as
 Loads
 Temperatures
 Fabrication errors
 Settlement
 Represents the elastic curve for the points at centroids of the cross-
sectional area along each of the members
1.
2.
3.
M

A B C D
4.
P

A B C D
5.
P

A B C
6.

A B C D
1-2
1-3
 INTEGRATION METHOD used to determine the slope
and deflection of a beam.
 Elastic deformation – beam’s slope is very small
 Only deflection due to bending
 Additional deflection due to shear generally represents few
percent of the bending deformation.
1. Draw an exaggerated view of the beam’s elastic curve. Recall that
points of zero slope and zero displacement occur at fixed support,
and zero displacement occurs at pin and roller supports.
2. Establish the x and y coordinate axes. The x-axis must be parallel
to the undeflected beam and its origin at the left side of the beam,
with a positive direction to the right.
3. If several discontinuous loads are present, establish x-coordinates
that are valid for each region of the beam between the
discontinuities.
4. In all cases, the associated positive y-axis should be directed
upward.
 For each region in which there is an x-coordinate, express the

internal moment M as a function of x.

 Always assume that M acts in the positive direction when applying

the equation of the moment equilibrium to determine M = f(x).

 Provided EI is constant, apply the moment equation EI d2y/dx2 =
M(x), which requires two integrations. For each integration it is
important to include a constant of integration. The constants are
determined using the boundary conditions for the supports and the
continuity conditions that apply to slope and displacements at points
where two functions meet.
 Once the integration constants are determined and substituted back
into the slope and deflection equations, the slope and displacement
at specific points on the elastic curve can be determined. The
numerical values obtained can be checked graphically by
comparing them with the sketch of the elastic curve.
 Positivevalues for slope are counterclockwise and positive
displacement is upward.
Each simply supported floor
joist shown in the photo is
subjected to a uniform design
loading of 4 kN/m. Determine
the maximum deflection of the
joist. EI is constant.
Compute the value of EI δ at midspan for the beam loaded as shown. If
E = 10 GPa, what value of I is required to limit the midspan deflection
to 1/360 of the span?
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