CHAPTER II

THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

This chapter presents the relevant theories, related foreign and local literature were

reviewed to attain a clearer perspective and direction in the conduct of the study and to

arrive at an adequate background of the study. It also includes the conceptual framework

and the research paradigm of the study.

Relevant Theories

This study will be harbored upon … (mention three theories relevant to your

research study)

(Start explaining how the first theory is relevant in your study)

Second theory

Third theory

The researchers consider all of the theories that are related to the study. Since the

main idea of the paper is about _________________________, researchers consider the

relevance of the aforementioned theories in connection to the study. These theories are

being selected and described according to their contributions and purposes to further

support the claim of the study.

 2

Related Literature

( short Title of literature)

(Start here )

(title of another related literature)

Start here

title of another related literature)

start here

Related Studies

(Start here) (mention three related studies)

 3

Conceptual Framework

I P O

Figure 1

Paradigm of the Study

Figure 1 presents the conceptual framework as shown in the paradigm of the

study.

The first frame shows the Independent variables which are classified into two

categories: the student-related factors and the teacher-related factors. The student-related

factors include: sex, socio-economic status, field of specialization and availability of

learning resources at home. On the other hand, teacher-related factors include: types of

course requirement, workshops and seminars attended and assessment techniques.

 4

The second frame presents the dependent variable, which is the level of

plagiaristic practices of College of Education students.

The third frame indicates the output of the study which is, the proposed policy in

avoiding plagiarism.

The solid lines connect the first frame to the second frame and to the third frame

represent who will be affected to come up with a certain output.

Hypothesis of the Study

The null hypothesis of the study can be rejected or accepted.

 Student-related factors and teacher-related factors do not affect the level of

plagiaristic practices of College of Education Students at Bataan Peninsula State

University-Balanga Campus.
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NOTES IN CHAPTER II

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21st century English language education, https://edu./guide-contents/cpying-to-
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William Fisher. “Theories of Intellectual Property”.

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Calabrese & Cochran, Factors Affecting the Probability of Academic Cheating

School Students in Tehran, 2007, Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 29 (2011)
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Studies No. 21, pp. 74-97, 2009, http://www.academicintegrity.org/cai_research.asp,
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Education-Research#.VtpErn197Mw, Retrieved on: February 21, 2016

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literature and lessons, Carfax publishing Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education,
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prospective academicians, Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences 2 (2010) 3303–3307,
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2016
 6

Standler, Does the Online Environment Promote Plagiarism?, MERLOT

Journal of Online Learning and Teaching, Vol. 10, No. 2, June 2014,
http://www.fas.harvard.edu/-dberger/papers/, Retrieved on: march 02, 2016,

Su-Hie Ting, Muriatul Khusmah Musa, Plagiarism Norms and Practices in

Coursework Assignments, International Journal of Education ISSN 1948-5476, Vol. 6,
No. 1, 2014, www.macrothink.org/journal/index.php/ije/article/viewFile/4676/4157,
Retrieved on: February 21, 2016

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Plagiarism Among Members of the Academy of Management, 2012, Academy of
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Plagiarism: An Empirical Test In A Spanish University, 5th International Conference
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2016

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Opportunities, B. Davis Schwartz Memorial Library, ISSN 1522-0222, 2006,
http://www.webpages.uidaho.edu/~mbolin/madray.htm, Retrieved on: February 22,
2016

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http://www.victoria.ac.nz/students/study/exams/integrity-plagiarism, 2012, Retrieved
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Scholarship of Teaching and Learning, Vol. 13, No. 5, pp. 33 – 45. 2009,
http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1017029.pdf, Retrieved on: February 25, 2016

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https://www.kent.ac.uk/ai/staff/deterringplagiarism/deterringplagiarism4.html,
Retrieved on: February 25, 2016
 7

Ashworth and Bannister, Plagiarism: Why Students plagiarize?, 2006,

http://www.uts.edu.au/research-and-teaching/teaching-and-
learning/assessment/preventing-plagiarism/why-students-plagiarise, Retrieved on:
February 27, 2016

Anderman, Cupp and Lane, Achievement Goals and Academic Cheating, IN

PRESS, International Revie of Social Psychology, 2010,
https://www.researchgate.net/...and.../54146c7d0cf2fa878ad3e8ef, Retrieved on:
February 27, 2016

Murdock, Hale, and Weber, Why Students Cheat?, A Case Study in Pakistan,
International Journal of African and Asian Studies - An Open Access International
Journal Vol.2, 2013,
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February 27, 2016

Anderman and Midgley, Academic Goals and Academic Cheating, Presses

univ. de Grenoble, ISBN : 9782706114922,2005, https://www.cairn.info/revue-
internationale-de-psychologie-sociale-2008-1-page-155.htm, Retrieved on: February 27,
2016

Patel, Ethical and Unethical Methods of Plagiarism Prevention in Academic

Writing, Canadian Center of Science and Education, ISSN 1913-9020 E-ISSN 1913-
9039, 2006, http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1070434.pdf, Retrieved on: February 27,
2016

Rebecca Moore Howard, Plagiarisms, Authorships, and the Academic

Cheating Penalty, JSTOR National Council of Teachers of English, 2002,
http://surface.syr.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1002&context=wp, Retrieved on:
February 27, 2016

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2002,
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%20Students.pdf, Retrieved on: February 28, 2016

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http://www.newfoundations.com/ETHICPROP/Nagy718F04.html, Retrieved on: March
01, 2016
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Retrieved on: March 01, 2016

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for Schools, 2009, https://www2.cortland.edu/dotAsset/317302.pdf, Retrieved on: March
01, 2016

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Retrieved on: March 01, 2016

Bahadori and Izadi, Plagiarism: Concepts, Factors and Solutions, Iranian

Journal of Military Medicine Vol. 14, No. 3, Autumn 2012;
168-177, 2007,
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March 02, 2016

Michelle Navarre, Top Ten Reasons Students Plagiarize & What You Can Do
About It, 2006, https://offices.depaul.edu/oaa/faculty-resources/teaching/academic-
integrity/Documents/Top%20Ten%20Reasons%20Students%20Plagiarize%202012.pdf,
Retrieved on: March 02, 2016

Kini, Plagiarism Prevention Guide: Why Students Plagiarize, 2013

http://www.mga.edu/student-success-center/plagiarism/why.aspx, Retrieved on: March
02, 2016

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BEHAVIOR, 11(3), 219–232 Copyright © 2001, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.,
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http://www2.uwstout.edu/content/lib/thesis/2011/2011kossj.pdf Retrieved on: March 02,
2016

Bahadori and Izadi, Plagiarism: Concepts, Factors and Solutions,

Iranian Journal of Military Medicine Vol. 14, No. 3, Autumn 2012; 168-177, 2012,
http://www.militarymedj.ir/files/site1/user_files_01eb20/eng/hoseinpor-A-10-614-4-
39015cb.pdf, Retrieved on: March 02, 2016
 9

Scanlon and Neumann, Internet Plagiarism for Academic Requirements

Among College Students, 2000, www4.ncsu.edu/~ladare/eac595/readings/scanlon-
neumann.pdf, Retrieved on: March 03, 2016

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Coursework Assignments, International Journal of Education ISSN 1948-5476 2014,
Vol. 6, No. 1 2014,
www.macrothink.org/journal/index.php/ije/article/viewFile/4676/4157, Retrieved on:
March 03, 2016

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Opportunities, Brookville, New York 11548, 2006,
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