Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
1. Make a specific diagnosis Date when the prescription was written (5)
2. Consider pathophysiologic implications of the dx Name, Address, and Age of the patient (6,7)
3. Select a specific therapeutic objective Drug Name, Strength (dose), and Quantity* (8,9,10)
4. Select a drug of choice Weights and measure should always be written in metric system.
5. Determine the appropriate dosing regimen Directions to pharmacist and patient
6. Devise a plan for monitoring the drug's action Signature – completes the form
7. Determine an end point for therapy
8. Plan a program of patient education Rx stands for the Latin word recipe meaning "to take”. It is also similar to
the astrological sign for Jupiter probably to invoke the god's blessing
3 General Types of Prescriptions: for recovery.
1. Physician's order in the patient's chart SIG. is an old latin abbreviation used to start out the instructions line on
2. Written order to which the pharmacist refers the prescription. It means write on label.
3. Patient's medication container with a label affixed
Example:
On the basis of availability of the prescribed medication, orders may be
divided into two (2) Classes of Prescription Orders: - sig: 1 tablet twice a day (8AM, 8PM) with food
- sig: apply to rash every 4 hours or as needed for itching
1. Precompounded – as is, as supplied by pharmaceutical company;
pharmacist dispenses without pharmaceutical alteration. Note: Never write “sig. as directed”. It is a lazy physician's way of
saying "I already told the patient what to do with it, so I'm not
2. Extemporaneous (compounded) – physician selects the desired writing it down. The instructions are already in the packaging. The
drugs, dosage and form & the pharmacist mix/prepare the patient can just read it.” For pediatric patients, write “give” instead
medication. of “take”.
1. Omission of Information
- Common in hospital orders such “resume pre-op meds”,
“continue present IV fluids”
- Failure to discontinue drugs
- Failure to indicate indications for “as needed”
2. Illegible handwriting
- Misplaced or naked decimal point - .1 >> 0.1
- Unnecessary decimal point – 1.0 >> 10
- Abbreviation “U” for units – 10U >>100
- Unspecified units – one ampule, one vial
Emphasize the scientific basis for the use of drugs, in order that health
professionals may become cognizant of the therapeutic effectiveness
Ensure the adequate supply of drugs with generic names at the lowest
possible cost and endeavor to make them available free for indigent
patients
VIOLATIVE PRESCRIPTIONS include: *fill up everything: date, name, address, age of patient...
Penalties:
First conviction – reprimand, reported to PRC
Second conviction - fine of not less than P2,000
Third conviction – fine of P5,000-P10,000, 30days lic suspension Phenobarbital 60 mg/dose
Fourth & subsequent – fine >P10K, 1 year suspension or longer (Bellatal)
ERRONEOUS PRESCRIPTIONS include:
tab. # 20
Brand name precedes the generic name Give one tab. twice a day for 10 days
Abbreviation For the Latin Meaning Apothecaries System -> Metric -> Household Units
a.c. ante cibum before meals
ad ad up to Apothecaries Metric Household
a.d. aurio dextra right ear 1 grain (gr.) 60 mg
a.l., a.s. aurio laeva sinister left ear ½ grain 30 mg
a.u. auris utrae both ears ¼ grain 15 mg
ad. lib. ad libitum as much as desired 15 grains 1g
admov. admove apply 1/60 grain 1mg
alt. h. alternis horis every other hour 1 ounce 31 g
aq. aqua water
aq. dest aqua distillate distilled water 1 minim 0.06 mL
bis bis twice 15 minims 1 mL
B.I.D bis in die twice daily 1 dram 5 mL 1 teaspoon (tsp.)
bol. bolus as a large single dose 4 drams 20 mL 1 tablespoon (tbsp.)
c cum with 1 fluid ounce 30 mL
cc or cf cum cibos with food 2 fluid ounces 60 mL 1 wineglassful
caps. capsula capsule 4 fluid ounces 120 mL 1 teacupful
charts. chartula paper (for powder) 8 fluid ounces 240 mL 1 glassful
dc, D/C, disc discontinue 16 fluid ounces 480 mL 1 pint
dieb. alt. diebus alternis every other day 128 fluid ounces 3800 mL 1 gallon
e.m.p. ex modo prescripto as directed 1 quart 960 mL
comp. compositus compound 4 quarts 3840 mL
et et and
emuls. emulsio emulsion ** 750 mg = 10 milliequivalents (mEq)
ext. extraction extract ** 1 kg = 2.2 pounds (lb)
gtt(s) gutta(e) drop(s)
** 1 pound = 12 ounces
disp. dispensa dispense
div. divide divide
ft. fiat make
h hora hour
h.s. hora somni at bedtime
IVPB intravenous piggyback
lin. linimentum liniment
M misce mix
m. et. n mane et nocte day and night
mist. mistura mixture
N.M.T. not more than
N.T.E. not to exceed
N.R. non repetatur don’t repeat
O.D. omni die once a day
o.m. omni mane every morning
o.n. omni nocte every night
o.d. oculus dexter right eye
o.s., or l.d oculus sinister left eye
o.u., o2 oculus uterque both eyes
p.c. post cibum after meals
p.p.a phialaperios agitate shake before using
prn pro re nata as needed
p.o per os by mouth or orally
p.r. by rectum
q quaque every
q.d. quaque die every day
q.a.d. quoque alternis die every other day
q.h. quaque hora every hour
q.h.s. quaque hora somni every night at bedtime
q.2h quaque 2 hora every 2 hours
QID quater in die four times a day
Q.R quantum rectum quantity is correct
of drug exceeding ordinary dosage
q.s. q.s.ad quantum sufficit as much as required
RL, R/L Ringer's lactate
s sine without
s.a. secundum artum use your judgment
S or sig. signa write on label
s.o.s. si opus sit if necessary
ss semis one half
stat. statim at once immediately
TID ter in die three times a day
ut diet as directed
gr grain RA No. 9165: The Dangerous Drug Act of 1972, Amended