Cheating by diluting or faulty balances or changes in scale

lengths

E.g. 27: A trader sells at the same rate at which he purchase his goods. However
he uses a balance which reads 1000 gms for 900 gms. Find his profit percentage.
E.g. 28: A trader sells at a mark-up of 10% and at the same time uses a 1kg that
weighs only 900 gms. Find his profit percentage.

E.g. 29: In summers, all metallic meter scales expand by 10%. Find the profit
that a cloth trader makes in summers if he uses a metallic meter scale to
measure cloth and if he sells at a mark-up of 10%.
E.g. 30: A milk-man mixes water equal to 16.66% of the milk that he has. Further
he sells at a mark-up of 20%. Find his profit percentage, if water is available free
of cost.
E.g. 31: Inspite of selling at a 20% higher rate as compared to rate of purchase, a
shopkeeper is able to make a profit of only 10% due to his faulty balance.
i. What will be the reading shown on the balance, when goods weighing 1 kg are kept on the
balance
ii. What will be the weight of goods kept in the balance when the balance reads 1 kg

E.g. 32: A shopkeeper purchases branded wheat from a wholesaler at a discount

of 12.5% over the MRP listed. In his storage rats eat away 10% of the wheat. He
mixes impurities to the extent of 10% of the wheat present. Further while selling
he sells at a discount of 6.66% on the MRP. And his balance reads 1000 for 1100
gms. Find his profit/loss percentage.

Exercise
24. A milk-man sells milk after mixing water to it to such a extent that water
accounts for 20% of the mixture. If he sells at a mark-up rate of 10%, find his
actual profit percentage.
1. 30% 2. 32% 3. 33.33% 4. 37.5% 5. 40%
25. A shop-keeper purchases 12 dozen eggs. But 1 dozen of them are rotten and
hence he has to throw them away. If he sells the remaining at a mark-up of
8.33%, find his profit percentage.
1. No profit No loss 2. 7.28% profit 3. 4.16 profit 4.
1.44% loss 5. 0.7% loss
26. A shop-keeper, unaware that his balance reads 900 gms for 1000 gms, sells
goods at a mark-up of 20%. Find his actual profit percentage.
1. 8% 2. 10% 3. 11.11% 4. 12% 5. 12.5%
27. A shop-keeper purchases his goods from a wholesaler whose balance reads
1100 gms for 1000 gms. The shop-keeper then sells his wares after marking up
the prices by 10%. Find his overall profit or loss percentage.
1. 0% 2. 1% loss 3. 1% profit 4. 215 profit 5. 19% loss
28. A trader uses a faulty 1 kg weight such that even after selling his goods at a
discounted price of 10% of his rate of purchase, he manages to make a profit of
10%. Find the actual weight that the faulty 1 kg weight measures.
1. 1100gm 2. 900 gm 3. 888.88gm 4. 800gm 5. 818.8gm
29. In summers, the meter scale of a cloth merchant expands by
25%. By what percentage should he mark up the cloth so that even after
giving a 10% discount on the list price, the merchant still makes a profit of
8%?
1. 20% 2. 25% 3. 33.33% 4. 40% 5. 50%
30. A trader mixes 20% impurity in the rice that he is selling and he
marks up the price further by 10%. Yet he makes no profit because he gives Y
litres extra on every X litres bought. What is the ratio of Y and X?
1. 25 : 33 2. 33 : 25 3. 8 : 25 4. 8 : 33 5. Cannot be determined