9/30/2019 Fingerprint Ignition

System In Bike
REPORT FOR CAPSTONE PROJECT - II
 INDEX

1. Introduction………………………………………………………………………….

1.1 Idea of the project…………………………………………………….

1.2 Components Description …………………………………………….

2. Working And Circuit Diagram ………………………………………………………

2.1 Circuit Diagram Working……………………………………………..

2.2 Arduino Coding Environment………………………………………...

3. Design………………………………………………………………………………...

3.1 System design………………………………………………………..

3.2 Block diagram and data flow………………………………………...
1.Introduction
Fingerprints are the oldest and most widely used form of biometric
identification. Despite the widespread use of fingerprints, there is little statistical
theory on the uniqueness of fingerprint minutiae. The issue of vehicle hijacking is
due to easy access to vehicle’s functional system can be reduced by using a
biometric system. The starting of vehicle’s engine as the necessity of protection and
access restriction in many luxurious assets is now very important.

Our project is about the fingerprint based ignition which includes all two wheeler’s.
Normally available locks in the bikes do not provide enough security to the bike
owners. Traditional locks available in the bikes are well known to thieves and they
can be easily broken by them. Thus there is a need for more security options to be
available for the motorcycle which is unique and must be different from the
traditional key locks. Biometrics system can be used as a good and effective security
option. An important and very reliable human identification method is fingerprint
identification. As fingerprint of every person is unique thus it can be used in various
security options. In this paper we are focusing on the use of finger print recognition
to start or ignite the motorcycle against the use of conventional methods of key
locks. Related work include enhancing the security of the bikes by adding different
types of locks and alarming unit to alert owner of the bike in case of danger.
Biometric system is a technological system that uses information about a person to
identify such the person. It relies on specific data about unique biological trait in
order to work effectively. This system involves running data through algorithms for
a particular result, usually related to a positive identification of a user or other
individuals. The signals are generated by the Arduino to appropriate module circuit.
Fingerprint recognition technology allows access to only those whose fingerprints
that are pre stored in the memory. Stored fingerprints are retained even in the event
of complete power failure or battery drain. These eliminates the need for keeping
track of keys or remembering a combination password, or PIN. It can only be opened
when an authorized user is present, since there are no keys or combinations to be
copied or stolen, or locks that can be picked. The fingerprint based lock therefore
provides a wonderful solution to conventionally encountered inconveniences.
1.1 IDEA OF THE PROJECT

From past till present scenario, safety and security remains an issue of utmost
importance whether it is related to human life or the materialistic things. In this
project we are making such a system which is providing more security to two-
wheeler systems with the help of biometrics system. Passwords remain the weakest
component of many important security systems, so there is a related push from many
directions to supplement passwords with less fragile security measures. While
pushing it has some effects, particularly in environments that require more security,
it has failed to replace passwords the vast majority of computer user’s still use
passwords on a day-to-day basis.

3. COMPONENTS DESCRIPTION

FINGER PRINT SENSOR :

Figure 1

Secure with biometrics - this all-in-one optical fingerprint sensor will make adding
fingerprint detection and verification super simple. These modules are typically
used in safes - there's a high powered
DSP chip that does the image rendering, calculation, feature finding and
searching. Connect to any microcontroller or system with TTL serial, and send
packets of data to take photos, detect prints, hash and search. You can also enroll
new fingers directly up to 162 finger prints can be stored in the onboard FLASH
memory. There's a red LED in the lens that lights up during a photo so you know
it’s working as shown in figure 1
 Figure 2

Fingerprint processing includes two parts: fingerprint enrollment and fingerprint

matching (the matching can be 1:1 or 1:N) as shown in figure 2. When enrolling,
user needs to enter the finger two times. The system will process the two time finger
images, generate a template of the finger based on processing results and store the
template. When matching, user enters the finger through optical sensor and system
will generate a template of the finger and compare it with templates of the finger
library. For 1:1 matching, system will compare the live finger with specifc template
designated in the Module; for 1: N matching, or searching, system will search the
whole finger library for the matching finger. In both circumstances, system will
return the matching result, success or failure.

Algorithm of Fingerprint based Vehicle starting system :

1. Start
2. Place a finger and press enter button (top button) to start engine.
3. If finger already stored in the scanner module, start the engine.
4. If not, go back to number 1 and give no output.
5. Press ENTER button (bottom button) to enter passcode.
6. If passcode matches with saved code in chip’s EPROM ,activate module
to receive finger image data and store it and go to number 7.
7. If passcode entered does not correlate with chip’s value in the EPROM,
signify wrong passcode and go back to number 4.
8. Navigate through options in user admin to edit passcode and exit
interface.
9. Stop.

Figure 4 Interfacing fingerprint with arduino

Arduino:
Arduino is an open-source hardware and software company, project and
user community that designs and manufactures single-board
microcontrollers and microcontroller kits for building digital devices and
interactive objects that can sense and control both physically and
digitally. Its products are licensed under the GNU Lesser General Public
License (LGPL) or the GNU General Public License (GPL),[1]
permitting the manufacture of Arduino boards and software distribution
by anyone. Arduino boards are available commercially in preassembled
form or as do-it-yourself (DIY) kits.
Arduino board designs use a variety of microprocessors and controllers.
The boards are equipped with sets of digital and analog input/output (I/O)
pins that may be interfaced to various expansion boards or breadboards
(shields) and other circuits. The boards feature serial communications
interfaces, including Universal Serial Bus (USB) on some models, which
are also used for loading programs from personal computers. The
microcontrollers are typically programmed using a dialect of features
from the programming languages C and C++. In addition to using
traditional compiler toolchains, the Arduino project provides an
integrated development environment (IDE) based on the Processing
language project.

Arduino Uno SMD R3

The Arduino board exposes most of the microcontroller's I/O pins for use by other
circuits. The Diecimila, Duemilanove,and current Uno provide 14 digital I/O pins,
six of which can produce pulse-width modulated signals, and six analog inputs,
which can also be used as six digital I/O pins. These pins are on the top of the
board, via female 0.1-inch (2.54 mm) headers. Several plug-in application shields
are also commercially available. The Arduino Nano, and Arduino-compatible Bare
Bones Board and Boarduino boards may provide male header pins on the
underside of the board that can plug into solderless breadboards.
Relay board:
A relay is an electrically operated switch. Many relays use an electromagnet to
mechanically operate a switch, but other operating principles are also used, such as
solid-state relays. Relays are used where it is necessary to control a circuit by a
separate low-power signal, or where several circuits must be controlled by one
signal. The first relays were used in long distance telegraph circuits as amplifiers:
they repeated the signal coming in from one circuit and re-transmitted it on another
circuit. Relays were used extensively in telephone exchanges and early computers
to perform logical operations.

4 Channel 5v Relay Module with optocoupler

A type of relay that can handle the high power required to directly control an electric
motor or other loads is called a contactor. Solid-state relays control power circuits
with no moving parts, instead using a semiconductor device to perform switching.
Relays with calibrated operating characteristics and sometimes multiple operating
coils are used to protect electrical circuits from overload or faults; in modern electric
power systems these functions are performed by digital instruments still called
"protective relays". Magnetic latching relays require one pulse of coil power to
move their contacts in one direction, and another, redirected pulse to move them
back. Repeated pulses from the same input have no effect. Magnetic latching relays
are useful in applications where interrupted power should not affect the circuits that
the relay is controlling.
4. DESIGN

4.1 SYSTEM DESIGN

Systems design is the process of defining the architecture, modules, interfaces,

and data for a system to satisfy specified requirements. Systems design could be
seen as the application of systems theory to development..

4.1.1 Block Diagram of Data Flow

 Basic data flow

HIGH logic level, the interface circuit is triggered to ignite the vehicle. On the other
hand, the vehicle is not ignited when the circuit is in a LOW logic level. The
principal components of the prototype system are the fingerprint recognition
software and the interface control circuit which are to form a continuous connection
with a vehicles ignition system.

Connections of
Arduino and
fingureprint sensor

INTERFACER Diagrammatic representation of

(ARDUINO) flow of control and interconnectivity
of componants

VEHICLE FINGERPRINT
BATTERY DEVICE
(12V)

CONTROLLER

RELAY DEVICE

TO
IGNITION
 Connection of
components

Final working
connections of
Arduino ,relay board
and fingureprint
sensor.

Full working modal

Fig: Context diagram