18.

MAGNETIC EFFECT OF CURRENT

& MAGENTIC FORCE OF ON CHARGE/
CURRENT
SECTION - I : STRAIGHT OBJECTIVE TYPE
18.1 (A)
Disc behaves like made up of coils arranged in a plane in which current is
flowing in anti-clockwise direction.
Hence, the fiedl at A is directed into the page. Hence (A).

 0 v  r     
1 qr   v E
18.2 (A) B = q 3 and E =  B =  0 0 (v  E)  2
4 r 4 0 r 3 c
18.3 (A) Since
  
0 v  r  
B = q ,v × r
4 r 3

where v = velocity of charge with respect to observer
Let A and B are the observers
           
then (v C – v A )  r  (v C – v B )  r or (v A – v B )  r  0 or (v A – v B ) r

18.4 (C) Due to FABC the magnetic field at O is along y-axis and due to CDEF the magnetic field is
along x-axis.

Hence the feild will be of the form A  ˆi  ˆj  C B

Calculating feild due to FABC:
due to AB: /4
O X
 0i /4
B AB  (sin 45º  sin 45º ) ˆj  0i ˆ Z
 = 2 j
4   2
2 F A
Due to BC:
 0i
BBC  (sin 0º  sin 45º ) ˆj 0 i
 = ĵ
4l   2 2 
2

 0 i
Similarly due to FA: BFA = î
2 2 

  i 1 1 2ˆ  20i ˆ
Hence BPABC  0     i  BFABC  ( j)
  2 2 2 2 2  
Similarly due to CDEF:
 20i ˆ  20i ˆ ˆ
BCDEF 

( i)  Bnet 


ij 
18.5 (B) Let us compute the magnetic field due to any one segment:
 0i
B = (cos0º  cos(180 –  ))
4 (dsin  )
i
 0i i 
= (1– cos  )  0 tan
4 (dsin  ) 4 d 2 P 

Resultant field will be: d 

ds
in
0 i   0i
Bnet = 2B  tan  k
2d 2 2d

18.6 (A) BOD = 0; BCB = 0

 0I ˆ   0I (– ˆi  k)
BAB = [cos 45º (– ˆi )  cos 45º k] ˆ
4 a 2 8 a

upto 
 D
O X
a
a B

parallel to 'y' axis
A
upto 

18.7 (B) 

I
A 90°

(0,0) (a,0)

0 i  i  i b 
B = [sin90  sin(– ))  0 (1– sin )  0  1– 
4 a 4 a 4 a  a  b2
2


18.8 (B)
Magnetic field strength at P due the I1
  0I1 ˆ 4 ×10 –7  2 ˆ
B1 = k = –2
k  (4  10 –5 T)kˆ
2(AP) 2  1 10

 0I1 ˆ 4  ×10 –7  3 ˆ
Magnetic field stregnth at P due the I2 B2 = j = j  (3  10 –5 T) ˆj
2(BP) 2  2  10 –2

Hence, B = (3 × 10 –5 T) ˆj + (4 × 10 –5 T) kˆ

18.9 (C) By symmetry, the magnetic field at the centre P is zero.

 
18.10 (D)  B.d = 0 (i1 + i3 + i2 – i3) = 0 (i1 + i2) [since for the given direction of circumlation i3
ABCD

entering at PSTU is positive while i3 at PQRS is negative]

Alternate solution
      
 B.d =  B.d   B.d  0i1  0i2  0 (i1  i2 )
ABCDA ABCA CDAC

18.11 (C) From ampere’s law, the field at the axis is zero. From x = zero
to R1, the field increase linearly as the current enclosed increases.
B
From x = R1 to R2 and from x = R2 to R3, the field decreases
hyperbolicaly but with different slopes as the media are different.
Hence the required graph is
r
R1 R2 R3
18.12 (D) F = q[v (– ˆi)]  B(i)]
ˆ 0
Because B as well as v is a re along axis of circular CN.

18.13 (B) Electromagnetic force will provide the necessary centripetal force. X X X
2 X X X
mv
eBv = Xr X X
r 2r
X X X
mv v (2  d)(B)
 r =    2d X X X
eB B  B
i.e., the electron will move out after travelling on a semicircular path of rdius r = 2d.
Hence (B)

18.14 (B) As the magnetic field is along the x-axis, the magnetic force will be y
along (–) z-axis from t = 0 to t = T0 and along (+) ve z-axis from t = T0
V0sin0
to t = 2T0. V0
For t = 0 to t = T0 : x
V0cos0
T0
At t = ;
2 z
(–z)
y
(V0 cos  )T0 P0
x-coordinate =  (Since pitch  P0  (V0 cos  )T0 ) R0 centre
2 2
y-coordinate = 0 (from figure) R0
and z-coordinate = –2 R0 (from figure) x
Hence (A) is correct.
3T0
Similarly at t = ;
2
 3T0 
coordinates are  , 0, 2R 0  Hence (B) is correct
2 

Note: z-coordinate will be + 2R0, because from t = T0 to t = 2T0, direction of B changes.
As the charge will perform circular motion about x-axis, the two extremes from x-axis are 2R0 from
each other.
Hence (C) is also correct.
Hence only (D) is incorrect.
P
18.15 (A) The point charge moves in circle as shown in figure. The magnetic field vectors BA BC
 
at a point P on axis of circle are B A and BC at the instants the point charge is at
A and C respectively as shown in the figure.
Hence as the particles rotates in circle, only magnitude of magnetic field remains
constant at the point on axis P but its direction changes.
Alternate solution
The magnetic field at point on the axis due to charged particle moving along a
 
o qv  r
circular path is given by
4 r 3
 It can be seen that he magnitude of the magnetic field at an point on the axis remains constant.
But the direction of the field keeps on changing.

18.16 (B)
Point A shall record zero magnetic field (due to -particle) when the a-particle is at position P and
Q asknown in figure. The time taken by -particle to go from P to Q is

P


O 60° 2R A
60°

1 2 2
t = or   
3  3t

2i 2i 2i i
18.17 (A) i
= +

2i 2i

(A) (B)

force in figure (A) is zero, and force in figure (B) = iB.

x
18.18 (D) The particle will move in a non-uniform helical path with increasing
pitch as shown below:
Its time period will be
2m
T  2 seconds y
qB
Changing the view, the particle is seemed to move in a circular path in (x – z) plane as below
X

P
O
Z

2
After -seconds the particle will be at point ‘P’, hence x coordinate will be 0.
For linear motion along y-direction.
1 Eq 2
y() = 0(  )  ()
2 m

2  2 
y() = and OP  2 Hence the coordinate  0, ,2 
2  2 
y B=1T

18.19 (C) The centre will be at ‘C’ as shown:

Coordinates of the centre are (r cos 60º, – r sin 60º) x
mv 1  1 (– 3,–1) 60° 30°
where r = radius of circle = Bq  1  1  1 C
 1 3
i.e.  2, – 2 
 

a
18.20 (B) The charged particle moves in a circle of radius
2 B

mv 2 2mv
 qvB  or B  60°
a/2 qa a/2
v

18.21 (B)
B
y
(-r,r/2,0)

Hence (B).

18.22 (C) After two and half time periods, it is at a distance 2R0 on the negative z-axis. y-coordinate will
be zero (similarly as in Q.39).
And the x-coordinate = 2.5 P0.
i.e., it is at a distance 7.5 P0 from the mirror, hence its image will be at 2(7.5 P0) + 2.5 P0 = 17.5 P0.
Hence (C).

18.23 (A)  =  
mB
 B ˆ B ˆ I0L2B ˆ ˆ
= I0L2kˆ   i j = ( j – i).
 2 2  2

–d dB dB
18.24 (C)  E.d   – r 2 N =  E.d  –Rr
2

dt dt dt
2
 Ndt  –Rr  dB = Rr 2B  I

q qB
  r 2B  mr 2    =
2 r 2m

18.25 (C)
S
S

in
E l/s
W l 
I B
E W
S I B
F
N N
Initially,
 
1.2 N = I.(   B) 
In the given condition –

F = I sin B sin = I B 1.2N 
18.26 (C) Force on wire is:
F = I × 16 × B ...(1)
but 1.2 = I × 20 × B ...(2)
6c
F 16 4.8 cm m
10
  F
1.2 20 5
16cm
0.96 N  downward

18.27 (C) Magnetic field at ‘P’ due to wires (1) and (2) is:
P
xs


in in
xs 

(1)   (2)

0 I 0 I 20 I
B1 =   (inside the paper)
2(x sin  ) 2(x sin ) 2(x sin  )
2I
Now if a current of is flowing in the third wire then the magnetic field due to the same will be:
sin
0  2I  2I
B2 = , which will cancel B1 iff it is out of paper which is possible if the current in
2x  sin   sin
the third wire is from right to left.

dx

18.28 (C)

x
At a distance x consider small element of which dx.
q 
  dx  
Magnetic moment of the small element is : dm    x 2
2
/2
q 2 q2 q f 2 .
M=  x dx, M 
– / 2
2 24 12

0I
18.29 (B) B = (sin90º  sin135º )
R
4.
2
0I
=
4R
 2 –1 
 y
18.30 (D) Let the current density in complete left cylinder is J , then cylinder
 r
current density in complete right cylinder is – J . Then magnetic P
x
field at any point P in the region of overlap is A B

  0    0  
B = J  AB  (–J  BP)
2 2 d
 0      
= J  (AB  PB)  0 (J  AB)
2 2
 0
Therefore magnitude of field at any point in region of overlap is = Jd and its direction is along
2
positive y-direction at any point P in overlap region.

 i
18.31 (C) Bdue to first loop = 4 0 [cos 45º  cos 45º ]
a
4
2

2 20i  2 2 0i 1
=  B [1–  ..........  ]
a a 2

2 2 0i
= In 2
a

0 i
18.32 (A) B = (sin 1  sin 2 )
4d i

10 –7  100  3 1 
=  – 
3 –1  2 2
1=60° 2=(360°–30)°
P
= 5 × 10–6 T ( 3 – 1)m

18.33 (A)
R R
The magnitude of magnetic field at P  , y,  is
2 2 x

 0 Jr  0i R 0i
B=  2
 
2 2 R 2 2 2 R
B
R P
ˆi – kˆ 2
unit vector in direction of magnetic field is B̂  O
=45° z
2
 i
 B = BBˆ  0 (iˆ – k)
ˆ
4R
Alternate solution
  0   0 i ˆ  R ˆ R ˆ  i
B = 2 J r  2 j   i  k   0 ( ˆi – k)
ˆ
R 2  2 2  4 R

18.34 (A)
 
Since U = –M.B

 B x B y ˆ
 F = Mx x i  My y j

F = A(2cx)i  B(2Dy)ˆj
 
at r = (E ˆi +Fj)
ˆ F = 2AECiˆ + 2BDFjˆ

B
18.35 (A, D) Ba (1/r)
r
Ba

1
Bin  r Bout  .
r Rx (distance from axis)
 Alternate Solution
1 B2 1
B (inside the conductor)  r B (outside the conductor)  u  2
r 2 0 r
18.36 (A, D)
Consider a ring of radius x and thickness dx. dx
  Q x 
Equivalent current in this ring = x charge on ring = × (2x dx)
2 2 R 2
0   2xQ 
dB (due to this ring) =
2x  2 2 dx 
 R 
R
0  Q    
B =  2
dx.  0 2 . R  0 .
0
2 R 2R 2R

18.37 (A, B, C)
30°

30° B
30°

60°
30°
A

 mV  I   T m .
Arc AB = r  Time ‘t’ =   .   
3 3qB  2   3  6 3qB

18.38 (A, B, C)
The particle will move along an arc which is part of a circle of radius C F v

mv rF
r = R
Bq V
From the figure we can see
r =R
mv r / 2 r mv m
 R = Bq ; T =   r R  T
v 2v Bq 2Bq


18.39 (A) The resultant magnetic dipole moment of toroid is zero. d of small parts of toroid turn along
a circle and hence there resultant is zero.
 Torque acting on it is zero.

18.40 (C, D)
For cylinder
 0 ir
B = ; r < a
2R 2
0i
= ; r > a
2 r
We can consider the given cylinder as a combination of two cylinders. One of radius ‘R’ carrying
R I
current I in one direction and other of radius carrying current in both directions.
2 3
 0 (I/ 3) I
At point A : B= 0  0
2(R/2) 3 R
 0  4I/ 3  R  I
At point B: B=  2   0 0
2  R  2  3 R

18.41 (D) The magnitude of magnetic force on charged particle undergoing uniform circular motion in
uniform magnetic field is
F = qvB
 If v is doubled keeping q and B constant, the force F just doubles. Hence statement 1 is false.

18.42 (B) Both statements are correct, bus statement 2 is not a correct explanation of statement 1.

18.43. (A) Solenoid tends to contract because the current in all the circular turns is in sae direction.
Hence all turns (can be assumed as a ring) attract each other.

18.44. (D) The current through solid metallic cylinder also produces magnetic field inside the cylinder.
Hence statement-1 is false

qV
18.45. (B) When charge is accelerated by electric field it gains energy for first time KE1 =
2
3
for second time KE2  qV
2
5
for third time KE3  qV
2
hence the ratio of radii are

qv 3
2m 2m qv
r1 :r2 :r3 : .............. : : 2 : 2 : ..........
qB qB

r1 :r2 :r3 : .............. : : 1: 3 : 5 ..........

18.46 (A) In one full cycle it gets accelerated two times so change in KE = 2 qV.

qB 106 B
18.47. (A) f   106   B  2  T.
2m 2

18.48 (C) Inside the cylinder

I
B.2r = 0 . r 2
R 2
0I R
B= .r ...(1) I
2R2

outside the cylinder
B.2pr = 0I r

0I
B= ...(2)
2r
1
Inside cylinder B  r and outside B 
r
So from surface nature of mag field changes.
Hence it is clear from the graph that wire ‘c’ has greatest radius.
18.49 (A)
Magnitude of mag field is maximum at the surface of wire ‘a’.

18.50 (A)
Inside the wire
0 I
B(r) = . .r
2 R 2
dB
= 0 . I
dr 2 R2
I
i.e. slope 
R 2
 current density
it can be seen that slope of curve for wire a is greater than wire c.

 
18.51 (D) Since there is no current passing through circular path, the integral  B.d  along the dotted
circle is zero.

18.52 (C) Let segment OB = OC and arc BC is a circular arc with centre at origin. Since the shown
closed path ABCA encloses no current, the path integral of magnetic field over this path is zero.

O 
X
I C A

  C   A  

B

Hence  B.d    B.d   B.d  0.

A B C

A
 

Because B is perpendicular to segment AC at all point, therefore  B.d  0.
C

B   B   oI OB() oI 1

Hence  B.d   B.d  2  tan –1
A C
OB 2 2

18.53 (C) Consider two points P and Q lying on dotted circle and equidistant from origin O. We draw
 
a circular arc QP with centre at origin O. The path integral of magnetic field, that is,  B.d  along
 
the dotted circle between two points P and Q is also is equal to path integral  B.d  along the
 
arc QP whose centre is at origin. Therefore the path integral of magnetic field  B.d  along the

oI OP() oI y

dotted circle between two points P and Q =  .
2 OP 2
Q
The value of  will be maximum when chord OQ and chord OP will be

tangent to the dotted circle, that is,    .  X

I
3
oI P
Hence the required maximum value = .
6
18.54 (A) s (B) q (C) q (D) r
R = mv/qB
RB > RA
and RA = RC (in opposite sense)
and RD is smallest

18.55 (A)  (q, s) ; (B)  (p, s) ; (C)  (q, s) ; (D)  (p, s)

Work done by magnetic force on a charge = 0 in any part of its motion.
 ‘S’ is matching for all parts (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
 
For loop 1  Iin = – i + i – i = – i   B.d    0 (–i)
 
For loop 2  Iin = i – i + i = i   B.d    0 (i)
 
For loop 3  Iin = – i – i + i = – i  B.d    0 (–i)
 
For loop 4  Iin = + i + i – i = + i    0 (i)
B.d
(Note: That current will be taken as positive which produces lines of magnetic field in the same

sense in which d is taken)
18.56 (A) p, q, r (B) p, q, r, s (C) r (D) p, q, r, s
The magnetic field is along negatively y-direction in case A, B and C
Hence z-component of magnetic field is zero in all classes.
0 i
The magnetic field at P is for case (r)
4 d

0 i
The magnetic field at P is less than for all cases.
2 d

18.57 A – r, s B – r,s C – q,r D – p,r

(A) Because the magnetic field is parallel to x-axis, the force on wire parallel to x-axis is zero. The
i
force on each wire parallel to y-axis is Bo . Hence net force on loop is Boi. Since force on each
2
wire parallel to y-axis passes through centre of the loop net torque about centre of the loop is
zero.
(B) Because the magnetic field is parallel to y-axis, the force on wire parallel to y-axis is zero. The
i
force on each wire parallel to x-axis is Bo. Hence net force on loop is Boi. Since forc eon each
2
wire parallel to x-axis passes through centre of the loop, net torque about centre of the loop is
zero.
(C) Since net displacement of current from entry point in the loop to exit point in the loop is along the
diagonal of the loop. The direction of external uniform magnetic field is also along the same
diagonal. Hence net force on the loop is zero. Since force on each wire on the loop passes
through centre of the loop net forque about centre of the loop is zero.
(D) The net displacement of current from entry point in the loop to exit point in the loop is along the
diagonal (of length 2 . ) of the loop. The direction of external uniform magnetic field is also

perpendicular to the same diagonal. Hence magnitude of net force on the loop is Boi  
2  . Since
force on each wire on the loop passes through centre of the loop net torque about centre of the
loop is zero.
18.58 (A) r, (B) q, t (C) t, (D) s
      
F=qE+ q(V×B) If u = 0, B = B x ˆi and E  E y ˆj
then charge particle will start to move in y-direction due to electric field and as it aquires velocity
it will experience force due to magnetic field and will move in a cycloid path. Similarly one can find
path for other cases.
(A) If By = Bz = Ex = Ez = 0 ; u = 0 then path is cycloid.
(B) If E = 0, uxBx + uyBy ¸ – uzBz then path is helix with uniform pitch and constant radius or straight
line.
   
(C) If u  B  0, u  E  0 then path is straight line.
   
(D) If u  B, B E then path is helix with variable pitch and constant radius.
Q
18.59 Electric field at P is
Qx r
E = 4   (x 2  r 2 )3 / 2 x P
0

0 2ir 2  0 2 Q 2 f 2 r 2
Magnetic field at P is B = 
4  (x 2 +r 2 )3/2 4  (x 2  r 2 )3 / 2
f = frequency of revolution.
1 2 B2
Electric energy density =  0E ; Magnetic energy density
2 20

1
0E 2
Electric energy density E2 x 2c 2 9
 2 2  2 2  2 4
 2  1010  9.1 109
magnetic energy density B cB 4 f r 
20

18.60 z

oi ˆ
Because of A B part B1 = (–k)
4 R
oi ˆ
Because of BC part B2 = (– i) R
4R
y
B O C
oi ˆ
Because of CD part B3 = (– i) I
4R
Bnet = B1 + B2 + B3 A'
x
ˆ  I( – ˆi)  I( – ˆi)
 I( – k)
Ans. 0  0  0 D'
4R 4R 4R

18.61 Since, total charge is zero initially thus the two particle will be of opposite charges. Initially the
neutral particle is at rest, so both will have same speed. As both particle move in opposite
directions, magnetic force on them will be in the same direction and of same magnitude.
mV
Using R = qB , both will be moving in the circle of same radius. So they will meet at point Q. i.e.

diametrically opposite to starting point P. So time taken will be

R  m
t = V  qB ................ Ans.
18.62 Let at time t particle be at point P (x, y) and its velocity be
  

V  Vx ˆi  Vy ˆj . V  V0  V02  Vx2  Vy2 .
(work done by magnetic field is always zero so change in magnitude of velocity)
y

Vy V
B
P(x,y)
d
Vx

x
V0

Then, magnetic force on the particle at point P is

  y ˆ  y
 
F  q Vx ˆi  Vy ˆj . B0  1 
 d
 
 –k  – qB0 1 
 d 
dy  mdv x

Now when the particle will be coming out of the at that point y = d. Let the velocity in x-direction
x-direction be Vx then integrating we get,
Vx d
qB0  y  qB  d2  3qB0 d
 dVx = –  1   dy  – 0 d    –
V0 m 0  d m  2d  2m

3qB0 d
So Vx = V0 – ...Ans.
2m

Now  Vy = V02 – Vx2 .

2
2 3qB 
 Vy = V –  V0 –
0 d ...Ans
 2m 

18.63 Torque of magnetic force about PQ ...(1)

m = (1 LB) L cos = I L2 B cos ...(2)
Torque of gravitational force about PQ
g = [(L)]g L sin + 2(L)g (1/2)L sin]
= 2L2g sin
IB 10 3  2
m = g  tan    1    45º Ans.
2g 2  3  10

   
18.64 F = qv×B, Let B = B x ˆi + Byjˆ + Bz kˆ
 ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ
F = e(1i)×{Bx i +B y j + B z k} = –e j
 eBy kˆ – eB y ˆj  – ejˆ
 By = 0 ; Bz = 1

F2 = e( ˆi – ˆj)  {B x ˆi  1k}
ˆ  –e(iˆ  ˆj)

 e(– ˆj + B xkˆ – ˆi)  –e( ˆi  ˆj)

 Bx = 0

 B = 1kˆ = kˆ wb/m2
  
Now, v 3  v1  v 2  1iˆ  ( ˆi – ˆj)  – kˆ
   ˆ ˆ
Now, F = e v 3  B = e(–k×k)=0